2004年,在(zai)世界杯短(duan)池賽俄(e)羅斯站200米(mi)混合泳中,劉(liu)子歌獲得金牌。同年,隨著教練金煒轉會到(dao)上(shang)海,成為上(shang)海寶山體(ti)育局寶山游泳學校(xiao)的一名(ming)學生。?
2005年,劉子(zi)歌進入上海游泳隊。?
2007年,進入(ru)中國國家隊。
2008年4月,在(zai)全(quan)國游泳(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)賽暨奧(ao)運(yun)會選拔賽中(zhong)獲(huo)得女子200米蝶泳(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun),并取得北京奧(ao)運(yun)會參賽資格(ge);8月14日(ri),劉子歌在(zai)北京奧(ao)運(yun)會女子200蝶泳(yong)比賽中(zhong),以2分04秒18獲(huo)得金牌,并打破了(le)世界(jie)紀錄。
2009年(nian)(nian)4月,在(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)國游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)冠軍賽(sai)200米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)銀牌(pai)(pai),7月,在(zai)(zai)(zai)羅(luo)馬世(shi)(shi)錦賽(sai)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)200蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)亞軍,10月,在(zai)(zai)(zai)十一運(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang),以56秒(miao)07獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)100米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)冠軍,并打破亞洲(zhou)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)錄;以2分(fen)(fen)01秒(miao)81獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)200米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)冠軍,超(chao)過了澳大(da)利亞選手斯(si)奇普(pu)保持的(de)(de)2分(fen)(fen)03秒(miao)41的(de)(de)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)錄;還與隊友合(he)作(zuo)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)子4×100米混合(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。11月,在(zai)(zai)(zai)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)杯短池(chi)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)系列(lie)賽(sai)斯(si)德哥爾摩站(zhan),以2分(fen)(fen)02秒(miao)50獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai),并打破了世(shi)(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)錄。在(zai)(zai)(zai)國際泳(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)短池(chi)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)杯賽(sai)柏(bo)林站(zhan),獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)子200米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)冠軍,以2分(fen)(fen)00秒(miao)78打破世(shi)(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)錄。同年(nian)(nian)12月,獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)第五(wu)屆東亞運(yun)(yun)動會(hui)女(nv)子200米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)、亞洲(zhou)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)錦標賽(sai)女(nv)子200米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。2010年(nian)(nian)2月,在(zai)(zai)(zai)短池(chi)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)世(shi)(shi)錦賽(sai)女(nv)子200米蝶(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)中,劉子歌(ge)開始(shi)150米一路領先,但后(hou)勁(jing)不(bu)足(zu),最(zui)終以2分(fen)(fen)04秒(miao)78僅(jin)列(lie)第五(wu)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)女(nv)子4×100米混合(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)接力中,與隊友合(he)作(zuo)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)得(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。
2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月,在(zai)全(quan)國游(you)泳冠(guan)軍賽,獲得(de)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)50米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳第(di)(di)(di)五名(ming)(ming)、100米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳冠(guan)軍、200米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳冠(guan)軍。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月,在(zai)短池世(shi)界(jie)杯北京站女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳獲得(de)第(di)(di)(di)四名(ming)(ming)、女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)200米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳第(di)(di)(di)四名(ming)(ming)。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)8月,在(zai)倫敦奧(ao)運(yun)會女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)200米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳僅獲得(de)第(di)(di)(di)八名(ming)(ming)。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月,短池游(you)泳世(shi)界(jie)杯系(xi)列賽北京站獲得(de)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳第(di)(di)(di)五名(ming)(ming)、女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)200米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳第(di)(di)(di)三名(ming)(ming);同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)12月,世(shi)界(jie)短池游(you)泳錦標(biao)賽獲得(de)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳獲得(de)第(di)(di)(di)二名(ming)(ming)、女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)200米(mi)(mi)蝶(die)(die)泳第(di)(di)(di)四名(ming)(ming)。
2013年,全國游(you)泳冠軍(jun)賽女(nv)子200米蝶泳獲得第二名;同年8月,世界游(you)泳錦標(biao)賽女(nv)子200米蝶泳獲得冠軍(jun)。