國民革命(ming)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第五軍(jun)(jun)(jun)之最前(qian)身為李福林的(de)“福軍(jun)(jun)(jun)”(該部為地方部隊(dui),野(ye)戰能力(li)較低。),主要為一“綠林部隊(dui)”,在辛亥(hai)革命(ming)后(hou)于(yu)廣州河南一帶建立,人數約2000余人,是威迫省城的(de)十(shi)八支(zhi)民軍(jun)(jun)(jun)之一。1920年8月,孫(sun)中山于(yu)廣州護法,李福林支(zhi)持(chi),福軍(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)被編入(ru)為“建國粵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)”第3軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(下轄4個旅編制(zhi))。
1925年(nian)7月,國(guo)民(min)政府正(zheng)式在廣州(zhou)成(cheng)(cheng)立(li),統一(yi)各駐粵(yue)(yue)軍(jun)(jun)隊(dui)為國(guo)民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun),將“建國(guo)粵(yue)(yue)軍(jun)(jun)”第3軍(jun)(jun)編為第五軍(jun)(jun),下轄三師(shi)。因該軍(jun)(jun)人(ren)數較少,編不成(cheng)(cheng)3個師(shi),故將該軍(jun)(jun)番(fan)號之第13師(shi)給了國(guo)民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)第4軍(jun)(jun),而又(you)因國(guo)民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)第1軍(jun)(jun)已(yi)編成(cheng)(cheng)4個師(shi),占了第14師(shi)的番(fan)號,故福(fu)軍(jun)(jun)到1925年(nian)9月才正(zheng)式編成(cheng)(cheng),李福(fu)林就任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長,全(quan)軍(jun)(jun)編為第15,16兩個師(shi),北伐戰爭前(qian)又(you)增編兩個獨立(li)團(tuan),共(gong)計6個團(tuan)的兵力。
成立時編(bian)制(zhi)如下:
軍長(chang):李(li)福林 副軍長(chang):鄧彥華;參謀長(chang):李(li)朗(lang)如
第(di)十五師師長(chang):李群(qun);下轄(xia)第(di)43,44,45團。
第十六師師長:練炳章;下轄(xia)第46團,獨立(li)第2團。
另(ling)有1個(ge)軍屬炮兵營。
1926年6月,第(di)5軍增編第(di)47團,第(di)48團。
北伐期間,只有第16師一部(bu)隨右路(lu)軍北上,主要為預備部(bu)隊,曾進入江西及(ji)南京。
1927年發生(sheng)廣(guang)州張(zhang)黃事變,李福(fu)林支持張(zhang)發奎(kui)。廣(guang)州起義期間第五軍(jun)為鎮(zhen)壓主力(li)。事件后李福(fu)林解(jie)職歸田,次年由(you)徐景唐出任軍(jun)長。此(ci)時(shi)第5軍(jun)已下(xia)轄4個(ge)師,即第13,15,16,18師。
1929年爆(bao)發(fa)蔣(jiang)桂戰爭,徐景唐支(zhi)持桂系,被效(xiao)忠蔣(jiang)介石的(de)陳(chen)銘(ming)樞及(ji)陳(chen)濟棠部大(da)敗。第五軍(jun)被縮編為(wei)師,番(fan)號停用。
1929年(nian)中(zhong)原(yuan)大戰(zhan)爆發(fa)前魯滌平部曾用(yong)第五(wu)軍(jun)番號(hao)。中(zhong)原(yuan)大戰(zhan)后于1931年(nian)停用(yong)。
1932年第一次(ci)(ci)淞滬抗(kang)戰(zhan)爆(bao)發(即(ji)“一.二八”淞滬抗(kang)戰(zhan)),國(guo)民政府兩(liang)個警衛師改編(bian)成(cheng)第87,88師與中央軍(jun)校教導總(zong)隊(dui)合編(bian)成(cheng)國(guo)民革命軍(jun)第5軍(jun),由張治中任軍(jun)長,與第十九(jiu)路軍(jun)并(bing)肩作戰(zhan)。戰(zhan)后(hou),該軍(jun)軍(jun)部和番號被再次(ci)(ci)撤銷。
1933年為(wei)圍剿(jiao)“中(zhong)央(yang)蘇(su)區”,中(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)(jun)嫡系陳(chen)誠軍(jun)(jun)事集團再次(ci)組建了第(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun),2月(yue)11日,蔣介(jie)石任(ren)命原國民革(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)18軍(jun)(jun)副軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)羅(luo)卓(zhuo)英升任(ren)第(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang),第(di)(di)(di)14師師長(chang)周至柔為(wei)副軍(jun)(jun)長(chang),下轄第(di)(di)(di)52,59師。但在同月(yue)的第(di)(di)(di)四次(ci)圍剿(jiao)作戰中(zhong)被殲滅(mie),番號被取消,軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)羅(luo)卓(zhuo)英受到革(ge)職(zhi)留任(ren)處(chu)分。
1935年(nian),在(zai)追(zhui)擊(ji)長征的紅(hong)(hong)一方面軍(jun)部(bu)隊過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),中(zhong)央軍(jun)薛(xue)岳(yue)(yue)部(bu)在(zai)貴州新組建了第(di)5軍(jun),薛(xue)岳(yue)(yue)任軍(jun)長,下(xia)轄第(di)92,第(di)93師,曾參與黔(qian)北(bei)會戰(即(ji)紅(hong)(hong)軍(jun)四渡赤水戰役),該軍(jun)于(yu)7月13日(ri)抵(di)達成都(dou)。
1937年七七事(shi)變(bian)后,國民(min)政府大幅整理部隊(dui),第(di)5軍(jun)也屬(shu)于整理之列(lie),第(di)92師調(diao)歸(gui)第(di)3預備(bei)軍(jun),第(di)93師調(diao)歸(gui)國民(min)革命(ming)軍(jun)第(di)十二集團(tuan)軍(jun)。武(wu)漢會戰時,第(di)5軍(jun)隸屬(shu)國民(min)革命(ming)軍(jun)第(di)三十二集團(tuan)軍(jun),軍(jun)長(chang)薛岳,霍(huo)揆彰(繼(ji)任),下(xia)轄第(di)43,第(di)141師。
1939年(nian)初(chu),第77師改(gai)隸國民革命軍(jun)第73軍(jun),將國民革命軍(jun)第八軍(jun)之榮譽第1師改(gai)隸該軍(jun)。
1939年6月,原霍揆彰(zhang)的第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)被(bei)撤銷番(fan)號,霍升(sheng)任國(guo)民(min)(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)二(er)十集團軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)副總司令,第(di)43師改隸(li)國(guo)民(min)(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)87軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),第(di)141師回(hui)歸國(guo)民(min)(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)32軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)建制。同年,新(xin)編第(di)11軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(1938年11月,國(guo)民(min)(min)政(zheng)府(fu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事委員會在湖南湘潭地區(qu)組建國(guo)民(min)(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)新(xin)編第(di)十一軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),下轄第(di)77,第(di)200師,新(xin)編第(di)22師,徐庭瑤任軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長,是國(guo)民(min)(min)政(zheng)府(fu)第(di)一個機械化軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。)改番(fan)號為(wei)第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),隸(li)屬軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委會直(zhi)轄,位于廣西全州整訓(xun)。此間1939年6月5日(ri),俞濟時任第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(僅任職14天),杜聿明(ming)任副軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長代(dai)理軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(1939年2月17日(ri)任命,后實任軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長)。
第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)作(zuo)為國(guo)民(min)革(ge)命(ming)軍(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)個,也(ye)是(shi)唯一(yi)一(yi)個機械(xie)化軍(jun),其核心是(shi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200師(shi)(shi)(shi),這(zhe)是(shi)中國(guo)近代(dai)史上(shang)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)個機械(xie)化師(shi)(shi)(shi)。1935年(nian)國(guo)民(min)黨成立(li)交通兵(bing)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(機械(xie)化學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)),杜聿明任(ren)(ren)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)學(xue)(xue)員(yuan)隊(dui)少將隊(dui)長(chang)。1937年(nian)3月(yue),該(gai)部(bu)(bu)組(zu)建國(guo)民(min)黨軍(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1支(zhi)機械(xie)化兵(bing)團,杜任(ren)(ren)首(shou)任(ren)(ren)團長(chang),1938年(nian)1月(yue),該(gai)部(bu)(bu)擴編(bian)為第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200師(shi)(shi)(shi),杜任(ren)(ren)師(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)。組(zu)建第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)時(shi),裝(zhuang)(zhuang)甲(jia)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)從第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)抽離到軍(jun)直屬隊(dui)。1939年(nian)6月(yue),杜升(sheng)任(ren)(ren)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)軍(jun)長(chang)后,調第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89師(shi)(shi)(shi)副師(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)戴安瀾繼任(ren)(ren)該(gai)師(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)。在(zai)桂南(nan)會戰昆侖關戰役中,該(gai)師(shi)(shi)(shi)有出(chu)色表現,發(fa)揮重(zhong)(zhong)大作(zuo)用,被列入國(guo)民(min)革(ge)命(ming)軍(jun)戰斗力(li)最強的(de)主力(li)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)之(zhi)一(yi)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)精良,主要裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)蘇制(zhi)T-26坦(tan)克80余輛(liang)、德(de)制(zhi)“豪(hao)須(xu)”裝(zhuang)(zhuang)甲(jia)車100輛(liang)、美(mei)制(zhi)福特卡(ka)車400多(duo)輛(liang)、摩托車40多(duo)輛(liang)。軍(jun)屬重(zhong)(zhong)炮(pao)團擁有150毫米榴彈炮(pao)24門(men),各師(shi)(shi)(shi)均配有大量(liang)的(de)山炮(pao)、野炮(pao)。這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)(bei),直到抗戰中期,在(zai)中國(guo)軍(jun)隊(dui)中都是(shi)首(shou)屈一(yi)指(zhi)的(de)。
由于昆侖關(guan)戰(zhan)役損(sun)失較大,該(gai)軍(jun)1940年一直在貴州貴陽、安順地區整訓。4月,以該(gai)軍(jun)榮譽第(di)(di)1師(shi)為基干擴編為新(xin)的(de)新(xin)編第(di)(di)11軍(jun),由該(gai)軍(jun)副(fu)(fu)軍(jun)長鄭洞(dong)國(guo)任(ren)軍(jun)長,另將原國(guo)民(min)革命軍(jun)第(di)(di)36軍(jun)的(de)第(di)(di)96師(shi)改(gai)隸(li)該(gai)軍(jun),此時,該(gai)軍(jun)軍(jun)長仍為杜(du)聿明(ming),副(fu)(fu)軍(jun)長邱(qiu)清(qing)泉(quan),劉嘉(jia)樹,下轄(xia)第(di)(di)200師(shi),新(xin)編第(di)(di)22師(shi),第(di)(di)96師(shi),另加強(qiang)由統帥部直轄(xia)的(de)炮(pao)兵兩個營。
1942年1月(yue),日(ri)本入侵(qin)英(ying)屬(shu)(shu)緬甸(dian)(dian)。2月(yue)3日(ri),英(ying)方(fang)向(xiang)中方(fang)請(qing)求派軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊入緬。根據英(ying)國(guo)(guo)請(qing)求,軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委會(hui)成立中國(guo)(guo)遠征軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)1路(lu)(lu),下轄第(di)5,第(di)6,第(di)66軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)共(gong)計10萬余人,由羅(luo)卓英(ying)任司令(中國(guo)(guo)戰(zhan)(zhan)區(qu)參(can)謀長(chang)(chang)史迪威指揮),赴緬甸(dian)(dian)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan),相(xiang)繼參(can)加了同(tong)古保(bao)衛戰(zhan)(zhan),彬(bin)文那會(hui)戰(zhan)(zhan)及(ji)仁安(an)(an)羌救援,曼德(de)勒(le)會(hui)戰(zhan)(zhan)與緬北撤(che)退等三次大(da)(da)型作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan),由于(yu)(yu)英(ying)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)配合不(bu)力,第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)極為嚴重(zhong),軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)和新編第(di)22師(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)杜聿明率(lv)領(ling)(ling)下,翻(fan)越(yue)了野人山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu),于(yu)(yu)1942年7月(yue)25日(ri)抵達印度列多(duo);第(di)200師(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)東枝(也稱為棠吉)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)后(hou)(hou),在(zai)(zai)(zai)向(xiang)八莫、南坎轉移途中受到日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)伏擊,傷(shang)亡(wang)巨(ju)大(da)(da),戴(dai)安(an)(an)瀾師(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)突(tu)圍過(guo)程中身(shen)負重(zhong)傷(shang),最終(zhong)因傷(shang)重(zhong)光(guang)榮(rong)殉國(guo)(guo),同(tong)時(shi)參(can)謀長(chang)(chang)及(ji)第(di)599,600兩團團長(chang)(chang)均在(zai)(zai)(zai)此次突(tu)圍戰(zhan)(zhan)中失(shi)(shi)蹤(zong),余部(bu)由該部(bu)第(di)598團團長(chang)(chang)鄭庭笈率(lv)領(ling)(ling)于(yu)(yu)1942年6月(yue)17日(ri)抵達騰沖地(di)(di)(di)區(qu),此時(shi)全師(shi)(shi)僅(jin)剩余2600余人,傷(shang)亡(wang)失(shi)(shi)蹤(zong)達75%以上。第(di)96師(shi)(shi)及(ji)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)屬(shu)(shu)炮兵(bing)、工兵(bing)各一部(bu)與軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)失(shi)(shi)去聯系(xi),最后(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)師(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)余韶帶領(ling)(ling)下,在(zai)(zai)(zai)野人山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)輾轉兩個多(duo)月(yue),翻(fan)越(yue)高黎(li)貢山(shan),于(yu)(yu)1942年8月(yue)17日(ri)抵達中國(guo)(guo)云南劍川。該軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)后(hou)(hou)奉命返回國(guo)(guo)內,而新編第(di)22師(shi)(shi)則留在(zai)(zai)(zai)印度,被編入中國(guo)(guo)駐(zhu)印軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。另調原國(guo)(guo)民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)66軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之新編第(di)39師(shi)(shi)改隸該軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),該軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主要擔(dan)任昆明防衛及(ji)滇(dian)緬路(lu)(lu)機動作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)任務(wu)。
此后,第(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)長期(qi)在昆(kun)明地區整補,期(qi)間,邱清泉于1943年1月28日被任(ren)命(ming)(ming)為該軍(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)長,劉嘉樹、彭壁生、余(yu)韶、梁(liang)愷等相繼擔任(ren)過該軍(jun)(jun)副軍(jun)(jun)長一職,該軍(jun)(jun)隸屬(shu)國(guo)民(min)革命(ming)(ming)軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)五集團(tuan)軍(jun)(jun),下(xia)轄第(di)(di)49師,第(di)(di)96師,第(di)(di)200師;原新編(bian)第(di)(di)39師奉命(ming)(ming)與國(guo)民(min)革命(ming)(ming)軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)六軍(jun)(jun)之第(di)(di)49師對調建制關系(xi)。
1944年,該(gai)軍(jun)第(di)200師奉命暫隸中國(guo)遠征軍(jun)總(zong)司(si)令部直接(jie)指(zhi)揮,參與滇西反攻作戰,中國(guo)遠征軍(jun)第(di)二次入緬(mian)作戰,軍(jun)主力(li)則在昆明待(dai)命。并(bing)在1945年換裝美械,1945年初,第(di)49師被撤銷,另調(diao)國(guo)民革命軍(jun)第(di)27軍(jun)之(zhi)第(di)45師改隸該(gai)軍(jun)。該(gai)軍(jun)在昆明迎來抗戰勝(sheng)利。
1946年(nian)3月,第(di)5軍各(ge)部開赴武漢(han),在北上途中(zhong)奉命(ming)改隸徐州綏靖公署,投入華(hua)東戰場(chang)作(zuo)戰。
解放(fang)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)中第5軍主要在華東作戰(zhan)(zhan),大(da)大(da)小小無數戰(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou),敗仗(zhang)很少。(單單從堅持(chi)到1948年(nian)(nian)底淮海戰(zhan)(zhan)役就可(ke)(ke)以看(kan)出來(lai)。第5軍在一年(nian)(nian)里轉換指揮部就達300次以上(shang),可(ke)(ke)見(jian)其(qi)轉戰(zhan)(zhan)的(de)頻(pin)繁。邱(qiu)清泉的(de)“逢(feng)五不戰(zhan)(zhan)”就來(lai)源于此,華野(ye)老(lao)人談起5軍總是耿耿于懷。淮海之前,46年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底的(de)龍崮(gu)集(ji)面對中野(ye)2縱(zong)的(de)阻(zu)(zu)擊,傷亡2390人,48年(nian)(nian)桃(tao)林(lin)岡被華野(ye)10縱(zong)阻(zu)(zu)擊,徐(xu)東被華野(ye)7縱(zong)阻(zu)(zu)擊可(ke)(ke)以說是僅(jin)有的(de)幾次翻(fan)船)。
1946年7月開始進(jin)攻(gong)蘇北解放(fang)區,參加徐(xu)州(zhou)以西掃蕩(dang)作戰(zhan),重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創豫皖蘇解放(fang)軍部(bu)隊,年底(di)國軍準(zhun)備(bei)打通平漢線,占領邯鄲,5軍主攻(gong),連(lian)續攻(gong)克(ke)濮陽、大名等重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要城市,給解放(fang)軍根據地造(zao)成了重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大損失(shi)(shi),47年2月5軍45師先頭(tou)133團(tuan)一(yi)營(ying)(ying)2連(lian)在小壩車站(zhan)被中(zhong)野(ye)(ye)3縱7旅圍困猛(meng)攻(gong),7旅與45師硬拼(pin),遺尸(shi)遍地,被迫撤出戰(zhan)場(45師連(lian)長連(lian)守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)鎮定堅(jian)守(shou)(shou)車站(zhan),一(yi)夜激戰(zhan),不計增援(yuan)部(bu)隊損失(shi)(shi),該連(lian)死4傷(shang)5,7旅傷(shang)亡上千,損失(shi)(shi)比超(chao)過1:100!!連(lian)守(shou)(shou)仁(ren)戰(zhan)后晉升營(ying)(ying)長)直接導(dao)致了隨后倉促的(de)民權(quan)戰(zhan)役(yi)(傷(shang)亡、被俘(fu)3400多(duo))豫皖蘇戰(zhan)役(yi)(中(zhong)野(ye)(ye)傷(shang)亡、被俘(fu)5-6千人,由于(yu)是重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大失(shi)(shi)利,犧(xi)牲、被俘(fu)比例特別高,不同于(yu)一(yi)般戰(zhan)役(yi)情況,其中(zhong)被俘(fu)1300人)的(de)失(shi)(shi)敗。
1947年8月,宋(song)時(shi)輪指(zhi)揮(hui)華(hua)野(ye)10縱在梁山阻擊(ji)5軍(jun)和整84師(shi)(shi)(shi),其(qi)(qi)(qi)表現可以分為(wei)兩部分,八月初打的不(bu)錯(cuo),但(dan)后來被迫(po)北(bei)(bei)渡黃(huang)河。當時(shi)5軍(jun)擺出(chu)轉兵(bing)南下的架勢,只留(liu)下84師(shi)(shi)(shi)繼(ji)續北(bei)(bei)進(jin)。10縱準備集(ji)中(zhong)兵(bing)力吃(chi)掉(diao)84師(shi)(shi)(shi),但(dan)是邱清(qing)泉(quan)等10縱從(cong)防御轉為(wei)進(jin)攻完畢之后,轉頭向北(bei)(bei),會同84師(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)擊(ji)10縱,10縱傷(shang)亡1000多人,被俘(fu)近3000人,被俘(fu)民(min)工2000余(yu)人。丟棄(qi)武器、彈藥,輜重騾馬不(bu)計(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)數,損失極其(qi)(qi)(qi)重大(da)(基本傷(shang)兵(bing)、后勤(qin)、醫療(liao)等單位,物資糧食全部丟掉(diao))。
1948年,根據國(guo)民(min)政府的整(zheng)理要求(qiu),該(gai)軍改(gai)番(fan)號為整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)5師(shi)(shi),下轄整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)45,96,200三個旅(lv),共(gong)約3萬余人。1948年初,為擴建(jian)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)5軍,將該(gai)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)96旅(lv)調出,作為骨干重(zhong)建(jian)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)70師(shi)(shi),另(ling)調整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)9師(shi)(shi)之(zhi)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)第(di)46旅(lv)改(gai)隸該(gai)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)師(shi)(shi)。
1948年(nian)6月,著名的豫(yu)東戰役爆發,在第(di)三(san)階段中華野抽調主力,第(di)1、4、6、8及(ji)兩(liang)廣(guang)縱(zong)隊圍攻(gong)黃百(bai)(bai)韜兵(bing)團于(yu)帝(di)丘店,邱清(qing)泉5軍(jun)采用(yong)大(da)迂回戰法,繞到包圍黃兵(bing)團的華野部隊背(bei)后(hou),出其不意地猛烈進攻(gong),與黃百(bai)(bai)韜里應(ying)外(wai)合全線(xian)擊(ji)潰了華野,并乘勝追(zhui)擊(ji),一直(zhi)追(zhui)到黃河邊上,俘(fu)虜了幾(ji)千名傷(shang)員(據(ju)粟向中央軍(jun)委報告,被俘(fu)虜傷(shang)員幾(ji)百(bai)(bai)人,但據(ju)戰果統計,被俘(fu)3598人)。
1948年12月淮海戰役(yi)中在陳(chen)官莊附(fu)近時被(bei)解(jie)放軍(jun)(jun)包圍,困守40多天,1949年1月9日,解(jie)放軍(jun)(jun)發(fa)動(dong)總攻擊,45、46兩師大(da)部(bu)分繳(jiao)械,200師突(tu)圍被(bei)殲滅,少將(jiang)副(fu)軍(jun)(jun)長兼代(dai)軍(jun)(jun)長郭吉謙、少將(jiang)副(fu)參謀長溫(wen)順凱(kai)等(deng)被(bei)俘。第5軍(jun)(jun)是五(wu)大(da)主(zhu)力中最后一(yi)個香消玉隕的。
淮海戰役失敗后,國(guo)民(min)(min)政府于1949年3月下令(ling)建立14個編練(lian)司令(ling)部,將正(zheng)規軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)擴充(chong)到350-500萬人(ren),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)福(fu)(fu)建被(bei)重(zhong)建。由該(gai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)原(yuan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)熊笑三任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)。重(zhong)建后的(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)戰斗力很差(cha),遠(yuan)不如過(guo)去的(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。同時由于福(fu)(fu)建兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)源較少,只(zhi)能以(yi)福(fu)(fu)建保安(an)團隊編成第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)45,50兩(liang)個師(shi)(均不滿員),另將在(zai)浙江(jiang)溫州征募新兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),編為第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200師(shi),任(ren)命原(yuan)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)騎兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)團團長(chang)(chang)葉芳任(ren)師(shi)長(chang)(chang)。當人(ren)民(min)(min)解放軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)溫州地區時,葉芳率部起義(yi),使第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)喪(sang)失了作戰支(zhi)柱和主力,僅剩第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)45師(shi)和軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部隨后敗退(tui)金(jin)門島(dao),隸屬李良榮之第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)22兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)團。在(zai)金(jin)門,福(fu)(fu)州綏靖公(gong)署主任(ren)朱紹(shao)良擬將第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)45師(shi)縮編為第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200師(shi),后在(zai)俞濟時、高吉人(ren)求情下,蔣介石下令(ling)保留第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),并(bing)將空軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)警備第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1旅(lv)改番號(hao)為第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)45師(shi),以(yi)勞錫洸為師(shi)長(chang)(chang),并(bing)重(zhong)組第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200師(shi),葉敬任(ren)師(shi)長(chang)(chang),重(zhong)組第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)50師(shi),李以(yi)劻任(ren)師(shi)長(chang)(chang)。不久,國(guo)民(min)(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)121軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)被(bei)裁撤(che),人(ren)員補入第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),由原(yuan)121軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)沈向(xiang)奎任(ren)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),該(gai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)駐守小金(jin)門。
1950年,國(guo)民(min)政府對來臺的37個軍(jun)(jun)進行整編(bian),第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)下轄(xia)第(di)14,75,200師(shi),駐(zhu)防金(jin)門。到1954年,整編(bian)結束(shu)時,蔣介石當局將使用(yong)了30年的番號(hao)統統取消,重新(xin)命名新(xin)的陸軍(jun)(jun)編(bian)排(pai)番號(hao)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)和國(guo)民(min)革(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)第(di)19軍(jun)(jun)合編(bian),改(gai)番號(hao)為(wei)第(di)4軍(jun)(jun),并入(ru)預備隊訓練司令部行列,第(di)45師(shi)并入(ru)海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)陸戰隊。至(zhi)此,第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)番號(hao)完全從國(guo)民(min)革(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)序(xu)列中(zhong)(zhong)消失。
就(jiu)像國(guo)民革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)新(xin)(xin)編第(di)六軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)22、國(guo)民革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)新(xin)(xin)編第(di)一(yi)(yi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)38,提起5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)就(jiu)要(yao)先說大(da)(da)名(ming)(ming)鼎(ding)鼎(ding)的(de)(de)(de)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。該(gai)(gai)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)前(qian)身為(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)民政(zheng)府軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)委員(yuan)會直(zhi)屬(shu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)車營(ying),1937年(nian)(nian)3月,該(gai)(gai)營(ying)與交通(tong)兵(bing)第(di)2團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)裝甲汽車隊改編為(wei)(wei)(wei)裝甲兵(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)杜聿明(ming)),由(you)(you)國(guo)民政(zheng)府軍(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)部直(zhi)接指揮。38年(nian)(nian)1月,該(gai)(gai)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)擴(kuo)編為(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(五團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)制,20000余人(ren)(ren)),原(yuan)(yuan)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)杜聿明(ming)擔任(ren)該(gai)(gai)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)首任(ren)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)我國(guo)第(di)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)機械化(hua)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),由(you)(you)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)委員(yuan)會直(zhi)接指揮)11月,該(gai)(gai)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)擴(kuo)編為(wei)(wei)(wei)新(xin)(xin)編第(di)11軍(jun)(jun)(jun),也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)后赫赫有(you)名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(戴安(an)瀾繼任(ren)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)二任(ren)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang),也是(shi)(shi)(shi)最有(you)名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)任(ren))1939年(nian)(nian)11月15日(ri)(ri),日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在防城企沙(sha)、欽州龍門登陸,兩路(lu)進占(zhan)欽州,北上(shang)(shang)南寧.準備開辟華(hua)南戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場,截斷西南國(guo)際交通(tong)線。5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(轄新(xin)(xin)22師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)-邱清(qing)泉、榮譽第(di)1師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)-鄭洞國(guo)、第(di)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)-戴安(an)瀾)在桂南會戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)取(qu)得(de)(de)昆侖關(guan)大(da)(da)捷而(er)一(yi)(yi)舉成(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)(ming),也成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)歷史上(shang)(shang)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)輝煌(huang)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗。這一(yi)(yi)場激戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),成(cheng)(cheng)功收復昆侖雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)關(guan),日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)損失空前(qian)巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)。據(ju)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后公布的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao),昆侖關(guan)一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)五師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)第(di)21旅(lv)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)村(cun)(cun)正(zheng)(zheng)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)被擊(ji)斃(bi),該(gai)(gai)旅(lv)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)班長(chang)(chang)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)官死(si)(si)亡達85%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),士兵(bing)死(si)(si)亡4000余人(ren)(ren),被我俘(fu)虜的(de)(de)(de)100余人(ren)(ren)。5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)也付出了(le)(le)(le)(le)15000人(ren)(ren)傷亡的(de)(de)(de)巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)代價,雖然有(you)人(ren)(ren)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)這次勝利的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)很重要(yao)因素,是(shi)(shi)(shi)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)第(di)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)機械化(hua)部隊,火(huo)力強于日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),但(dan)對(dui)手畢竟是(shi)(shi)(shi)號(hao)稱鋼軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)坂垣師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)村(cun)(cun)旅(lv)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan),第(di)5師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)在侵華(hua)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),參(can)加過(guo)南口(kou)、忻口(kou)、太原(yuan)(yuan)、臺兒莊、廣州等戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役,官兵(bing)多系山口(kou)縣人(ren)(ren),秉性剽(piao)悍,長(chang)(chang)期受武(wu)士道(dao)侵染,參(can)加侵華(hua)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭兩年(nian)(nian)多,戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗經驗(yan)豐富(fu);而(er)且5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)此是(shi)(shi)(shi)仰攻設防完整的(de)(de)(de)堅固(gu)關(guan)卡,難度更大(da)(da)。這一(yi)(yi)仗是(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)承認(ren)的(de)(de)(de)僅(jin)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)幾次對(dui)方勇(yong)猛(meng)程(cheng)度超過(guo)自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗,含金(jin)量絕對(dui)不(bu)容質疑(yi)(中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)村(cun)(cun)正(zheng)(zheng)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)在日(ri)(ri)記中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寫道(dao):“帝國(guo)皇軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)5師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)第(di)21旅(lv)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan),之(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)在日(ri)(ri)俄戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)獲得(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)“鋼軍(jun)(jun)(jun)”稱號(hao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)頑(wan)(wan)強戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)勝了(le)(le)(le)(le)俄國(guo)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)頑(wan)(wan)強。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi),在昆侖關(guan),我應(ying)該(gai)(gai)承認(ren),我們(men)遇到了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)支(zhi)比俄軍(jun)(jun)(jun)更加頑(wan)(wan)強的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)隊……”部隊經過(guo)休整以(yi)(yi)后,杜聿明(ming)在巍峨(e)的(de)(de)(de)昆侖關(guan)上(shang)(shang),建立了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)座“陸軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)陣亡將領(ling)紀(ji)念(nian)碑”,含著熱淚親筆(bi)書寫了(le)(le)(le)(le)400多字的(de)(de)(de)悼念(nian)碑文。據(ju)悉(xi),昆侖關(guan)山下的(de)(de)(de)松(song)林里,還有(you)日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)少將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)村(cun)(cun)正(zheng)(zheng)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)的(de)(de)(de)墳墓(mu),他(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)此次戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被打死(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)職務、軍(jun)(jun)(jun)銜最高的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)官。當時杜聿明(ming)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在看了(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)村(cun)(cun)正(zheng)(zheng)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)的(de)(de)(de)檔案后,建議(yi)以(yi)(yi)自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)義為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)村(cun)(cun)正(zheng)(zheng)雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)在此建一(yi)(yi)個(ge)墳墓(mu))。
1942年(nian)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)作為(wei)(wei)遠(yuan)征(zheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)先頭部(bu)隊赴緬(mian)(mian)甸作戰(1939年(nian)11月,日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)攻占南(nan)寧(ning),切斷(duan)了(le)桂越公路(lu),次年(nian)6月,又切斷(duan)了(le)滇(dian)(dian)(dian)越公路(lu)。這樣,滇(dian)(dian)(dian)緬(mian)(mian)路(lu)就成為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國西南(nan)大(da)后(hou)(hou)方唯一的(de)國際(ji)交通命脈),保(bao)衛(wei)滇(dian)(dian)(dian)緬(mian)(mian)路(lu),在著名的(de)同(tong)古保(bao)衛(wei)戰中(zhong)(zhong),200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)孤(gu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)與數倍于己之敵作戰(日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)55、56兩個師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)團(tuan)4萬多(duo)人(ren)),擊(ji)斃日(ri)寇5000余人(ren)(未(wei)考),在同(tong)古堅守12天,同(tong)時,該師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成功掩護友軍(jun)(jun)(jun)英緬(mian)(mian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第1師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一部(bu)逃出日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)包圍圈。在國內外(wai)引(yin)起巨(ju)大(da)反(fan)響。后(hou)(hou)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)收復棠吉,但是因上(shang)級(ji)指揮(hui)失誤(wu),遠(yuan)征(zheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)被迫撤退回國(途中(zhong)(zhong)200師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)伏擊(ji),戴安瀾負傷不(bu)(bu)治,壯烈犧牲),兵敗野(ye)人(ren)山,為(wei)(wei)保(bao)衛(wei)滇(dian)(dian)(dian)緬(mian)(mian)路(lu),遠(yuan)征(zheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)付出了(le)高昂的(de)代(dai)價,僅杜(du)聿明第5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)42000人(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)就犧牲了(le)21000余人(ren)。當時滇(dian)(dian)(dian)緬(mian)(mian)路(lu)戰線兩側,尸橫遍(bian)野(ye),血(xue)流成河,慘(can)不(bu)(bu)忍睹。由(you)于損失慘(can)重(zhong),不(bu)(bu)得(de)不(bu)(bu)進行長期整(zheng)補,直到1944年(nian)再(zai)(zai)次作為(wei)(wei)遠(yuan)征(zheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)參加(jia)滇(dian)(dian)(dian)西反(fan)攻,才再(zai)(zai)度上(shang)陣。
成(cheng)軍以后,老(lao)杜便提(ti)出“平(ping)(ping)時(shi)多(duo)流汗,戰(zhan)時(shi)少流血”,要求(qiu)5軍具有“五(wu)除”(除驕(jiao)、惰(duo)、偽、欲、惡)、“三習”(習精、誠、勤)的朝氣(qi),經過了嚴格的苦練(lian),5軍的作戰(zhan)水平(ping)(ping)大有長進,39年3月,5軍參加(jia)全國軍隊(dui)校閱(yue),在(zai)(zai)當年軍事考核(he)中(zhong)被重(zhong)慶軍委(wei)會評選(xuan)為全國第(di)一。該軍戰(zhan)術多(duo)變,最擅長的,不是爆破而是炮火,且步炮協同密(mi)切,攻擊時(shi)一般采(cai)(cai)用(yong)多(duo)梯隊(dui)縱深配備,以密(mi)集隊(dui)型波浪沖(chong)鋒,攻擊時(shi)間常常選(xuan)擇拂(fu)曉和中(zhong)午,在(zai)(zai)山地常用(yong)多(duo)路(lu)攻擊和迂回(如(ru)豫東戰(zhan)役(yi)解(jie)黃百韜之圍),在(zai)(zai)平(ping)(ping)原和村落(luo)多(duo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)正(zheng)面攻擊,中(zhong)央(yang)突(tu)破。
5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)歷史上(shang),特別要(yao)提(ti)兩件(jian)事:第(di)一次印(yin)緬戰(zhan)(zhan)役同古保衛戰(zhan)(zhan)前,200師(shi)師(shi)長戴安(an)瀾召(zhao)集(ji)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)官(guan)開會(hui),大(da)(da)家(jia)對是否堅守存在(zai)(zai)分(fen)歧,爭論不(bu)休,此時,598團(tuan)中校團(tuan)副(fu)黃(huang)(huang)景升憤然(ran)而起(qi),慷(kang)慨(kai)陳(chen)詞,自愿(yuan)(yuan)領兵御(yu)敵,師(shi)長問(wen)其有無把握,慨(kai)然(ran)應曰“成(cheng)功(gong)雖無把握,成(cheng)仁(ren)卻(que)有決(jue)心(xin)(xin)(xin)!”最終(zhong)200師(shi)下定(ding)決(jue)心(xin)(xin)(xin)抗擊日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(戰(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)中黃(huang)(huang)景升身先士卒,英勇殺敵,不(bu)幸壯(zhuang)烈殉(xun)國),在(zai)(zai)戰(zhan)(zhan)后(hou)杜聿(yu)明(ming)的(de)(de)報告(gao)中也專門將此句作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)文(wen)結尾,蔣委員長聞言一震(zhen),問(wen)道:“這個團(tuan)副(fu)現在(zai)(zai)還在(zai)(zai)200師(shi)嗎?杜回答:“他已經(jing)實踐自己的(de)(de)諾言,成(cheng)仁(ren)了(le)”日(ri)后(hou)國民政府專門在(zai)(zai)黃(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)家(jia)鄉為(wei)(wei)他建(jian)造了(le)紀念雕象(xiang)并附以(yi)文(wen)字記錄,蔣委員長親自題(ti)詞。而那句“成(cheng)功(gong)雖無把握,成(cheng)仁(ren)卻(que)有決(jue)心(xin)(xin)(xin)!”的(de)(de)鏗(keng)鏘豪(hao)言最終(zhong)流傳開來(lai),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)那個時代(dai)的(de)(de)傳世經(jing)典(dian)。第(di)二(er)件(jian)則更加悲壯(zhuang),1942年5月遠征軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)向印(yin)度撤退途中,由(you)于后(hou)有日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)追趕,途中又沒(mei)有道路,遂(sui)在(zai)(zai)密*以(yi)西的(de)(de)莫的(de)(de)村(cun)將全(quan)部(bu)機械(xie)化裝(zhuang)備之輜重(汽車(che)、裝(zhuang)甲(jia)車(che)、大(da)(da)炮(pao)等)全(quan)部(bu)燒毀,隨(sui)后(hou)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長杜聿(yu)明(ming)率全(quan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)進入(ru)野人(ren)山的(de)(de)蠻荒之地。而確實無法隨(sui)全(quan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長途跋涉,留在(zai)(zai)莫的(de)(de)村(cun)堪迪佛塔(ta)一側的(de)(de)醫(yi)療站中的(de)(de)千余名傷患官(guan)兵,從大(da)(da)局(ju)著想,不(bu)愿(yuan)(yuan)受被日(ri)寇俘虜(lu)之辱,抱著生(sheng)為(wei)(wei)中國人(ren),死為(wei)(wei)中華(hua)魂的(de)(de)志節,寧(ning)愿(yuan)(yuan)烈士死,不(bu)愿(yuan)(yuan)降虜(lu)生(sheng)的(de)(de)赤子心(xin)(xin)(xin),慨(kai)然(ran)于5月21日(ri)全(quan)體引(yin)火*,含(han)恨(hen)而終(zhong)!。這一史實在(zai)(zai)中國軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事史上(shang)可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)是空前絕后(hou)、氣(qi)壯(zhuang)山河的(de)(de)英雄(xiong)壯(zhuang)舉!
第5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)自從正式組(zu)建(jian)素來以(yi)(yi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)紀(ji)嚴明(ming)著稱,可淮海戰(zhan)役跟隨第2兵團(tuan)(兵團(tuan)司(si)令(ling)邱清泉,此(ci)時的(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長為熊(xiong)笑三,但是(shi)在他(ta)的(de)任內(nei),卻(que)出(chu)現了(le)(le)足以(yi)(yi)毀(hui)掉5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)名譽的(de)劣跡)從徐州(zhou)撤退(tui)的(de)過(guo)程中(zhong),由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)泄密(mi)(本(ben)來杜聿明(ming)詳(xiang)細(xi)制定了(le)(le)部隊(dui)(dui)的(de)行(xing)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)序列、撤退(tui)時間以(yi)(yi)及路線、集結地點(dian),并(bing)且嚴格保(bao)密(mi),結果蔣介石卻(que)通知將各個(ge)銀(yin)行(xing)現金先搬運出(chu)城,導致人心(xin)惶惶,爭(zheng)相逃命(ming),一片混亂(luan)),第2、13、16一共(gong)3個(ge)兵團(tuan)很快亂(luan)了(le)(le)套,坦(tan)克、汽車、牛車、馬車擠成一團(tuan),槍支、彈藥、糧食扔得遍(bian)地都是(shi),紀(ji)律失去(qu)了(le)(le)約束力,部隊(dui)(dui)成了(le)(le)一群(qun)自由(you)(you)(you)散漫、無惡不作(zuo)的(de)土匪,到處(chu)搶劫、殺人、強奸。(比起74軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在孟良崮、18軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在雙堆集,實在天壤之別!本(ben)來處(chu)于(yu)逆(ni)境(jing)中(zhong)身為王牌主力,更應(ying)令(ling)行(xing)禁止、臨危不亂(luan),顯示精(jing)英本(ben)色,惜一代名軍(jun)(jun)(jun)竟然(ran)作(zuo)出(chu)如土匪一般殃及民(min)眾、禍害百姓的(de)罪行(xing),實在令(ling)人痛心(xin)!更給那些為了(le)(le)民(min)族自由(you)(you)(you)獨立而犧(xi)牲(sheng)的(de)5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)先輩丟臉!是(shi)為5軍(jun)(jun)(jun)光榮(rong)歷史上(shang)抹(mo)不去(qu)的(de)污(wu)點(dian))