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基本介紹

網(wang)湖濕(shi)地(di)(di)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區主(zhu)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)網(wang)湖濕(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態系統；珍稀瀕危野生(sheng)動植物資源及(ji)其棲息(xi)地(di)(di)，特別是(shi)東方白(bai)鸛、黑(hei)鸛、白(bai)鶴(he)3種國家(jia)一級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)鳥(niao)類小天鵝(e)、白(bai)額雁、白(bai)頭鷂、灰鶴(he)等29種國家(jia)二(er)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)鳥(niao)類及(ji)鴻雁的(de)(de)棲息(xi)地(di)(di)；冬候鳥(niao)和夏候鳥(niao)的(de)(de)棲息(xi)繁(fan)殖地(di)(di)以及(ji)中(zhong)華絹絲麗(li)蚌天然養殖區。

景點景觀

水文

湖泊

網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)濕地(di)自(zi)然保護區(qu)內主要由(you)網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)朱婆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)組(zu)成，核心(xin)區(qu)四周中(zhong)小(xiao)型湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊星羅(luo)棋(qi)布(bu)，東(dong)有王港湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、楊(yang)賽湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)新湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，南邊從東(dong)到西(xi)(xi)(xi)依次有夾節湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、大坡湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、小(xiao)坡湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、神(shen)靈湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、吳(wu)家曬湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、下羊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、小(xiao)賽湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、絨湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、牛湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、下西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)朱家義湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)有賽橋湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、道士湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)下司(si)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，緊靠良薦湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，北(bei)有碧(bi)山(shan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。在西(xi)(xi)(xi)邊的緩沖區(qu)還有紅星塘和(he)東(dong)風(feng)塘，寶塔湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、和(he)十里湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)內的精養(yang)魚(yu)池眾多，區(qu)外還有石灰賽湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)等湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊群。

水系

按天然分水，保護區隸屬富(fu)(fu)河水系，直接承受周(zhou)邊河流來(lai)水。主要有四(si)大河流，即富(fu)(fu)河、良薦河、樟橋河和清江(jiang)河。

富(fu)(fu)水(shui)：從(cong)保護(hu)區中央(yang)穿(chuan)過(guo)流入(ru)長(chang)江，發(fa)源于通山(shan)、崇陽、修水(shui)縣交(jiao)界(jie)處(chu)三(san)界(jie)尖通山(shan)一側，匯于富(fu)(fu)水(shui)水(shui)庫，從(cong)富(fu)(fu)水(shui)起(qi)至富(fu)(fu)池口入(ru)長(chang)江，全長(chang)196公里，總落差613m，河寬(kuan)從(cong)堤岸(an)到堤岸(an)，最(zui)寬(kuan)處(chu)約1000m，最(zui)窄處(chu)為300m左右。

長(chang)樂(le)源河(he)(he)：進保(bao)護區為良薦(jian)河(he)(he)，總長(chang)38.2公里，流(liu)域面(mian)積293.3平(ping)方公里，在保(bao)護區內長(chang)15km，發源于(yu)錫瓶山(shan)(shan)、父子山(shan)(shan)南(nan)麓，流(liu)經三宮殿、石家(jia)(jia)大橋、潘家(jia)(jia)大橋處，于(yu)柏樹下、喉(hou)嚨嘴之(zhi)間入(ru)良薦(jian)湖(hu)(hu)，復往東入(ru)賽(sai)橋湖(hu)(hu)，會盛(sheng)家(jia)(jia)嘴與碧山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)(hu)來水后，出賽(sai)橋口入(ru)網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)，又(you)接納(na)向錄(lu)張、大眾山(shan)(shan)、黃金山(shan)(shan)方向的來水，往南(nan)匯入(ru)網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)，出富河(he)(he)。

樟橋(qiao)河(he)：發源于瑞(rui)(rui)昌市大德垴(nao)，入(ru)(ru)陽新境后(hou)，稱干港，流經皮家(jia)山、樟橋(qiao)、港下垅后(hou)，在黃橋(qiao)畈北納瑞(rui)(rui)昌市下灣(wan)來(lai)水，再經小坡塘、夾節湖(hu)入(ru)(ru)朱(zhu)婆湖(hu)。

清江河(he)(he)：又(you)名(ming)冷水源河(he)(he)，發源于瑞昌市境(jing)內，流經何月朗、外倉下等處，接納楊柳井、大沿沖方向來水，過湖田(tian)畈、石田(tian)驛后，過牛湖，入(ru)(ru)絨湖，至龍下水處入(ru)(ru)富河(he)(he)。

網湖

網湖(hu)(hu)總(zong)面(mian)積7265hm2，網湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)總(zong)承(cheng)雨面(mian)積70000hm2。為(wei)保護(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)核心區(qu)之一。每(mei)年(nian)夏季，網湖(hu)(hu)受長江漲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，富(fu)河洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)頂托或倒灌(guan)和降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)內(nei)漬，由于降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)內(nei)漬和江洪(hong)倒灌(guan)，網湖(hu)(hu)地(di)(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)溝渠河道(dao)便和湖(hu)(hu)區(qu)連(lian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一片(pian)汪洋，面(mian)積可達6801.47hm2（水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)6-7m），據陽新(xin)縣水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文站測定(ding)，網湖(hu)(hu)最(zui)高水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)為(wei)22.5m，最(zui)低(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)為(wei)13.2m，平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)15.5m，平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)3.51m。而在秋、冬及早春枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)季節，隨(sui)著湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)排河，部分地(di)(di)方露出地(di)(di)表，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)約3800hm2（水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)0.5-3m）的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)（占平水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)積的(de)(de)74%），其余部分則形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了大片(pian)的(de)(de)泥濘沼(zhao)澤草(cao)甸，構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了淺湖(hu)(hu)-沼(zhao)澤-草(cao)甸、丘陵相連(lian)續的(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)生(sheng)態系(xi)(xi)統。網湖(hu)(hu)承(cheng)雨面(mian)積35000hm2，湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)容(rong)量為(wei)27300萬(wan)立(li)方米，占陽新(xin)縣主要(yao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源總(zong)量（230000萬(wan)立(li)方米）的(de)(de)10%，不含年(nian)過境客水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量160000萬(wan)立(li)方米。

富河水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)眾多(duo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)分洪道兩岸現(xian)有(you)網湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、朱(zhu)婆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)未被圍墾成農田，仍(reng)為常年積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)群。建國初期(qi)(qi)，當網湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)21.5m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)連(lian)接五(wu)里(li)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、十(shi)里(li)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、牧羊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、百(bai)煞湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)等百(bai)十(shi)來(lai)個湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)，總面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為400多(duo)km2，相應(ying)容(rong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)5億立方米，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)底高程7.3m；朱(zhu)婆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)20m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為18km2，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)底高程12.3m；賽橋湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)21m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為3.3km2。到80年代，保(bao)持與建國初期(qi)(qi)相差無幾。2001年調查統計(ji)，網湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)15m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)0.7m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)4.3km2；在(zai)(zai)(zai)豐(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)24m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)7m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)20km2；在(zai)(zai)(zai)平水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)22m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)3m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)12.15km2。石灰寨湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)15m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)1m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)4.3km2；在(zai)(zai)(zai)豐(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)24m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)5m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)15.3km2；在(zai)(zai)(zai)平水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)23m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)2m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)3.3km2。絨(rong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)20m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)1m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)1.7km2；在(zai)(zai)(zai)豐(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)24m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)5m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)3km2；在(zai)(zai)(zai)平水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期(qi)(qi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)22m時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)3m，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)(bo)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)1km2。

水質

從(cong)總體看來，湖泊水(shui)體理化性質(zhi)基本與天(tian)然狀態下(xia)一致(zhi)，湖泊水(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)好，水(shui)體透明(ming)度1.3m，pH值在(zai)(zai)6.3--6.8之間(jian)(jian)，電導率波動在(zai)(zai)220-309微西(xi)門子/cm之間(jian)(jian)，溶(rong)氧量(liang)(liang)變(bian)動在(zai)(zai)7.2--12.3mg/1之間(jian)(jian)，平均為(wei)9.27mg/l，化學耗氧量(liang)(liang)為(wei)7.50mg/l，礦化度在(zai)(zai)146--240.67mg/l之間(jian)(jian)，平均為(wei)189.52 mg/l。

地質地貌

湖(hu)(hu)(hu)北網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)濕地(di)省級(ji)自然保護區，地(di)處幕(mu)阜山脈向長江(jiang)(jiang)中下(xia)(xia)游平原(yuan)的(de)過(guo)渡(du)地(di)帶，系(xi)富河與(yu)長江(jiang)(jiang)交(jiao)匯(hui)處的(de)匯(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)區，主要(yao)由(you)網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、朱(zhu)婆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、寶(bao)塔湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、絨(rong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、賽橋湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、良薦湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、石灰賽湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、下(xia)(xia)羊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)等(deng)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。地(di)貌(mao)上屬(shu)于(yu)泥砂沉(chen)積(ji)(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)永(yong)久(jiu)性內陸淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊，組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)物質為(wei)(wei)河湖(hu)(hu)(hu)沉(chen)積(ji)(ji)物，系(xi)因地(di)質運(yun)動、泥砂沉(chen)積(ji)(ji)，經圍堤(di)改造而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)底(di)海拔(ba)為(wei)(wei)7.3m。解放以前(qian)，每逢泛(fan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)季節，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)面周逾百余里(li)，秋冬之(zhi)際，水(shui)(shui)(shui)位下(xia)(xia)落(luo)，各湖(hu)(hu)(hu)始(shi)分，統稱為(wei)(wei)泛(fan)區水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)。建國后，由(you)于(yu)泛(fan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)區修筑(zhu)堤(di)壩、圍湖(hu)(hu)(hu)造田等(deng)活(huo)動，各湖(hu)(hu)(hu)便形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)封(feng)閉型水(shui)(shui)(shui)體，水(shui)(shui)(shui)陸面積(ji)(ji)相對穩定(ding)。網(wang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、朱(zhu)婆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)和絨(rong)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)三湖(hu)(hu)(hu)緊(jin)緊(jin)相連(lian)，僅一河堤(di)之(zhi)隔，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)經富河匯(hui)合流入長江(jiang)(jiang)。

網湖(hu)(hu)南面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)灰(hui)質構造(zao)的(de)低山，沿湖(hu)(hu)岸(an)分布，最(zui)高(gao)海(hai)拔為(wei)(wei)(wei)439.5m。地(di)質地(di)層由(you)奧(ao)陶系寒武紀形(xing)成，屬寶(bao)塔組，為(wei)(wei)(wei)淺(qian)灰(hui)色，中厚層龜裂紋灰(hui)巖(yan)與(yu)泥質灰(hui)巖(yan)，或與(yu)生物碎(sui)屑灰(hui)巖(yan)互層。網湖(hu)(hu)北面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)砂頁巖(yan)、礫巖(yan)、第四紀紅土，由(you)山地(di)侵(qin)蝕堆積形(xing)成的(de)丘陵崗(gang)地(di)，按長條(tiao)形(xing)土崗(gang)和寬(kuan)窄(zhai)不等的(de)溝坳(ao)相間排列，呈樹枝狀向湖(hu)(hu)心傾斜延伸，形(xing)成岬灣形(xing)湖(hu)(hu)岸(an)，最(zui)高(gao)海(hai)拔為(wei)(wei)(wei)355m。

整個保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)形成(cheng)南(nan)北高，東西低的峽(xia)狀(zhuang)湖區(qu)(qu)。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)地層(ceng)從(cong)寒武系中一上(shang)統至第四系均有出露，其中以古(gu)(gu)生界較發育。中生界以下三(san)選(xuan)統大(da)冶群(qun)為主(zhu)，常與古(gu)(gu)生界地層(ceng)相伴出露，組(zu)成(cheng)向斜構造軸(zhou)部。

寒武系(xi)(xi)為最老地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。只有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)上(shang)統出(chu)露(lu)(lu)，由(you)(you)一(yi)套(tao)海相含鎂碳酸(suan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)鹽(yan)組(zu)成。分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)富水-鳳凰咀一(yi)帶(dai)。按巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性可(ke)劃(hua)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為三(san)個巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)性段。寒武系(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)供(gong)煉金屬鎂及(ji)(ji)作(zuo)熔劑(ji)用(yong)的白(bai)云巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床（點）及(ji)(ji)蝕變型金礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點。區內(nei)奧陶系(xi)(xi)發育比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)完整，出(chu)露(lu)(lu)面積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)，但露(lu)(lu)頭(tou)良好(hao)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)序清楚(chu)，并與(yu)寒武系(xi)(xi)相伴(ban)出(chu)露(lu)(lu)．組(zu)成背斜(xie)翼(yi)(yi)部(bu)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。奧陶系(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)蝕變型金、銅等礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)（化(hua)）點和石(shi)(shi)灰巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)。志留(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是區內(nei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)廣的一(yi)個地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)單位，出(chu)露(lu)(lu)于富水等地(di)(di)(di)區，多呈東西(xi)走向，組(zu)成背斜(xie)的軸(zhou)部(bu)及(ji)(ji)翼(yi)(yi)部(bu)．在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)貌上(shang)多形成低山、丘(qiu)陵或垅崗地(di)(di)(di)形。志留(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)統底(di)部(bu)有(you)(you)(you)磷礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)，泥盒系(xi)(xi)常與(yu)志留(liu)(liu)系(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)相伴(ban)出(chu)露(lu)(lu)，多呈條帶(dai)狀(zhuang)延伸(shen)，為一(yi)套(tao)河流相碎(sui)屑沉積(ji)(ji)，主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)(you)灰白(bai)色中(zhong)(zhong)～厚層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)狀(zhuang)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，石(shi)(shi)英(ying)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)狀(zhuang)砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)及(ji)(ji)不(bu)穩定的石(shi)(shi)英(ying)礫巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)組(zu)成。石(shi)(shi)炭系(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)一(yi)般(ban)露(lu)(lu)頭(tou)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)，化(hua)石(shi)(shi)豐富。二迭(die)系(xi)(xi)在(zai)區內(nei)二迭(die)系(xi)(xi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)廣，出(chu)露(lu)(lu)良好(hao)，含有(you)(you)(you)煤(mei)及(ji)(ji)硫鐵礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。三(san)迭(die)系(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)在(zai)區內(nei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)廣，表現為一(yi)套(tao)淺(qian)海相碳酸(suan)鹽(yan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)沉積(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，有(you)(you)(you)白(bai)云巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、石(shi)(shi)灰巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)．侏羅(luo)系(xi)(xi)和第(di)(di)三(san)系(xi)(xi)-白(bai)堊系(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，露(lu)(lu)頭(tou)孤(gu)零。第(di)(di)四系(xi)(xi)在(zai)保護區內(nei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)廣，為一(yi)套(tao)坡(po)積(ji)(ji)、沖積(ji)(ji)和沖洪(hong)積(ji)(ji)的松散堆(dui)積(ji)(ji)物。按其(qi)成因類型包括(kuo)殘(can)坡(po)積(ji)(ji)、沖積(ji)(ji)、洪(hong)積(ji)(ji)、湖積(ji)(ji)沖積(ji)(ji)類型。

地理環境

湖(hu)北(bei)網湖(hu)濕地(di)省級自然(ran)保護(hu)區處于長江(jiang)中下游南岸，長江(jiang)與(yu)富水交匯的(de)三角地(di)帶。位于湖(hu)北(bei)省黃石(shi)市陽新(xin)縣境內，地(di)處東徑(jing)115°14′00″至115°25′42″、北(bei)緯(wei)29°45′11″至29°56′38″之間(jian)，東連(lian)富池鎮(zhen)而臨(lin)長江(jiang)，與(yu)武(wu)穴(xue)市隔江(jiang)相望；南接楓林鎮(zhen)和(he)木港(gang)鎮(zhen)，與(yu)江(jiang)西省九江(jiang)市瑞(rui)昌縣接壤(rang)；西鄰(lin)興國鎮(zhen)，緊挨縣城城區；北(bei)與(yu)綜合管理區、陶港(gang)鎮(zhen)和(he)半壁(bi)山管理區接壤(rang)。總面積(ji)20495hm2。

歷史沿革

1999年，網湖濕地被(bei)列(lie)入了《中(zhong)國濕地保護行動計劃》，為(wei)華中(zhong)重要濕地。

2001年6月(yue)25日，陽(yang)新縣人民政(zheng)府批(pi)準(zhun)建立縣級網湖濕地自然保護區。

2004年3月(yue)13日，黃石市人(ren)民政府辦公廳批準升級(ji)為市級(ji)自然(ran)保護區。

2004年8月8日(ri)，黃(huang)石市人民政(zheng)府批準(zhun)成立了黃(huang)石市網(wang)湖濕地自然(ran)保護區管(guan)理局。

2006年8月21日，湖(hu)北省人民(min)政府批準網湖(hu)濕(shi)地升級(ji)為(wei)省級(ji)自然(ran)保護(hu)區。

榮譽及其他

地位價值

網湖(hu)濕(shi)地(di)地(di)處華中湖(hu)泊濕(shi)地(di)群，是(shi)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)具有湖(hu)泊、沼澤(ze)和(he)森林的(de)(de)復合生態系統，又是(shi)熱(re)帶向(xiang)寒帶過渡的(de)(de)地(di)帶，是(shi)東(dong)西(xi)、南北(bei)物種的(de)(de)集匯區(qu)。網湖(hu)濕(shi)地(di)是(shi)亞熱(re)帶和(he)溫帶地(di)區(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物區(qu)系重要的(de)(de)交匯地(di)區(qu)，植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物分布(bu)上具有垂直分布(bu)和(he)水平分布(bu)的(de)(de)各類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物。

網湖(hu)濕地分布(bu)有(you)(you)豐富(fu)的(de)極危(wei)(wei)、瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)、易危(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和國家(jia)(jia)Ⅰ、II級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)。其中，國家(jia)(jia)二級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)獸類(lei)有(you)(you)穿山甲、水獺2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列(lie)入《瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)野生動植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿易公(gong)約(yue)》附(fu)錄I的(de)有(you)(you)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、附(fu)錄III有(you)(you)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)(you)國家(jia)(jia)I級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)有(you)(you)東(dong)方(fang)白鸛(guan)(guan)、黑鸛(guan)(guan)、白鶴3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家(jia)(jia)II級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)有(you)(you)小天(tian)鵝、白琵(pi)鷺、白頭鷂、鴛鴦等27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。省(sheng)級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)有(you)(you)豆(dou)雁(yan)(yan)、小白額(e)雁(yan)(yan)、綠頭鴨等45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。列(lie)入《瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)野生動植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿易公(gong)約(yue)》附(fu)錄I的(de)有(you)(you)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、附(fu)錄II的(de)有(you)(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、附(fu)錄III的(de)鳥(niao)類(lei)有(you)(you)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列(lie)入《中國瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)動物(wu)(wu)紅皮書》瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、稀有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、易危(wei)(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、不定物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。東(dong)方(fang)白鸛(guan)(guan)、黑鸛(guan)(guan)、豆(dou)雁(yan)(yan)、小天(tian)鵝、白琵(pi)鷺、白額(e)雁(yan)(yan)、鴻雁(yan)(yan)等種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群數(shu)量達(da)到或超過了全球飛遷線路上水鳥(niao)數(shu)量1%的(de)標準(zhun)，具有(you)(you)國際重要意義。