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甌(ou)江(jiang)
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票數:0 #江河河流#
甌江,中國東海獨流入海河流,位于浙江南部,歷史上曾名永寧江、永嘉江、溫江、慎江。發源于龍泉市與慶元縣交界的百山祖西北麓鍋帽尖,自西向東流,貫穿整個浙南山區,流經麗水、溫州等市,干流全長388公里,流域面積18028平方公里,從溫州市流入東海溫州灣。甌江年均徑流量202.7億立方米,水能理論蘊藏量190萬千瓦,可開發裝機容量170萬千瓦,年發電量54億千瓦時。
  • 所在地/隸屬: 浙江省麗水市(shi)、溫州市(shi)
介(jie)紹攻略

基本介紹

甌江(jiang)(jiang)上游是(shi)重要的水(shui)電開發地區(qu)(qu),麗水(shui)市被水(shui)利部授(shou)為“中(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)電第(di)一(yi)市”。有著名的緊水(shui)灘電站。甌江(jiang)(jiang)下游是(shi)東(dong)甌古(gu)文化中(zhong)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)域(yu),是(shi)浙江(jiang)(jiang)省主要工農(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟區(qu)(qu),溫州市電氣機械及(ji)器材制造業(ye)(ye)、皮革毛皮羽毛(絨)及(ji)其(qi)制品業(ye)(ye)、電力熱(re)力的生產和供應業(ye)(ye)、通用設備制造業(ye)(ye)、紡織(zhi)服裝服飾業(ye)(ye)、橡膠塑(su)料制品業(ye)(ye)等6個大類行業(ye)(ye)居浙江(jiang)(jiang)省前列。流域(yu)內自然(ran)環境保護良好,旅游景(jing)點遍布,縉云仙都、雁(yan)蕩(dang)山、楠溪江(jiang)(jiang)、百丈漈(ji)-飛云湖聞名全國(guo)。被譽(yu)為太(tai)平(ping)洋(yang)西岸適宜于人類居住的區(qu)(qu)域(yu)之一(yi)。

景點景觀

甌江(jiang)自溫溪以下(xia)為感(gan)潮河段,至岐頭角長78公里是甌江(jiang)河口(kou),其特性屬山(shan)溪性潮汐河口(kou)。口(kou)外(wai)(wai)因水(shui)(shui)流擴(kuo)散,泥沙(sha)(sha)沉積,水(shui)(shui)下(xia)三(san)角洲前(qian)伸,以及(ji)口(kou)門有(you)大門(黃大岙(ao))、小門、霓嶼、狀(zhuang)元岙(ao)、洞頭諸島環列,使入海(hai)水(shui)(shui)流分股,形成沙(sha)(sha)頭水(shui)(shui)道(dao)、黃大岙(ao)水(shui)(shui)道(dao)、重山(shan)水(shui)(shui)道(dao)和南(nan)水(shui)(shui)道(dao)與外(wai)(wai)海(hai)溝(gou)通(tong)。

河道情況

魁石至梅岙(ao),河(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)(chang)31公(gong)(gong)里,河(he)(he)(he)寬(kuan)400~700米,河(he)(he)(he)道(dao)較穩定;梅岙(ao)至龍(long)灣(wan)(wan),河(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)(chang)32公(gong)(gong)里,河(he)(he)(he)寬(kuan)500~3000米,平面(mian)形(xing)態寬(kuan)窄相間,灘(tan)多(duo)水(shui)淺,河(he)(he)(he)流分汊,河(he)(he)(he)底地形(xing)灘(tan)槽犬牙交錯,河(he)(he)(he)床沖淤多(duo)變,航(hang)槽變遷不定;龍(long)灣(wan)(wan)至岐頭角(jiao),河(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)(chang)15公(gong)(gong)里,河(he)(he)(he)床迅速(su)拓(tuo)寬(kuan),盤石以下河(he)(he)(he)道(dao)被靈昆島和溫州淺灘(tan)分成甌江南、北兩口(kou)。北口(kou)水(shui)深,歷來為主(zhu)汊,河(he)(he)(he)道(dao)穩定;南口(kou)灘(tan)寬(kuan)水(shui)淺多(duo)沙涂,1964年(nian)以來,灘(tan)地逐年(nian)淤高。1978~1979年(nian),溫州市曾在南口(kou)試(shi)拋堵壩,壩頂(ding)平均高程為1.36米(吳(wu)淞基面(mian)),后(hou)因故工程暫(zan)停。

河床質由分(fen)選(xuan)良好的(de)中沙(sha)(sha)和中細沙(sha)(sha)組成,中徑0.2~0.4毫米,大(da)于0.1毫米的(de)占80%~95%以上,沿程變化不大(da)。

來水條件

甌(ou)(ou)江水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)豐富(fu),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大。多年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)年(nian)徑流總量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為195.5億立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(一說甌(ou)(ou)江年(nian)均(jun)(jun)徑流量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)202.7億立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(最大308.5億立(li)方(fang)米(mi),最小(xiao)92.8億立(li)方(fang)米(mi))),青田圩仁站(zhan)歷史最大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為30400立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒,最枯(ku)流量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)10.6立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒,變(bian)幅(fu)達2000余倍。徑流年(nian)內(nei)分(fen)配(pei)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun),5~9月徑流量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)全年(nian)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的三分(fen)之二。修(xiu)建(jian)緊水(shui)灘和石塘電(dian)站(zhan)后,流量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)有(you)所調節(jie),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰降(jiang)低,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)減少。

甌江(jiang)河口潮(chao)(chao)汐屬(shu)淺海不正規半日潮(chao)(chao),潮(chao)(chao)差大,河口沿程(cheng)平均潮(chao)(chao)差均在3米以上(shang),最大潮(chao)(chao)差7.2米(龍灣(wan)),但潮(chao)(chao)流速并不大,當上(shang)游為(wei)平均流量時,大潮(chao)(chao)期龍灣(wan)漲(zhang)潮(chao)(chao)平均流速只有(you)0.7米每(mei)秒左右(you),大洪水下(xia)泄時,龍灣(wan)無漲(zhang)潮(chao)(chao)流,洪水的造床作用大于(yu)潮(chao)(chao)流。

來沙條件

甌江徑流(liu)含(han)沙(sha)量(liang)小,平、枯(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)時水(shui)(shui)色秀麗,清澈見底(di)。洪水(shui)(shui)期(qi)河(he)流(liu)仍攜帶大(da)(da)量(liang)泥沙(sha),水(shui)(shui)體混濁。年(nian)(nian)平均含(han)沙(sha)量(liang)0.168千克每(mei)立方米,多年(nian)(nian)平均年(nian)(nian)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)沙(sha)總量(liang)196萬噸,最大(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)(1975年(nian)(nian))輸(shu)(shu)(shu)沙(sha)量(liang)為536萬噸,最小年(nian)(nian)(1979年(nian)(nian))輸(shu)(shu)(shu)沙(sha)量(liang)39.4萬噸。枯(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)期(qi)的(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)沙(sha)量(liang)僅占(zhan)全年(nian)(nian)1%以下,汛期(qi)則占(zhan)全年(nian)(nian)總量(liang)的(de)95%,大(da)(da)部(bu)分輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)口(kou)外,甌江平均每(mei)年(nian)(nian)向海洋輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)泥沙(sha)約(yue)234萬噸。

海域來沙(sha)多,以(yi)懸沙(sha)為(wei)主,其(qi)中值粒徑為(wei)0.02~0.04毫米(mi),枯水大(da)潮(chao)期隨潮(chao)挾帶(dai)的(de)含沙(sha)量在2~5千克每立方米(mi)之間,且有(you)含沙(sha)量隨上游徑流加大(da)而減(jian)小的(de)趨(qu)勢。洪水期甌江(jiang)河(he)口,實(shi)測含沙(sha)量資料(liao)不多。甌江(jiang)南(nan)口、北口,一次漲(zhang)落潮(chao)的(de)輸(shu)沙(sha)量,小潮(chao)達50萬噸,大(da)潮(chao)為(wei)100萬噸左右(you)。

河床演變特征

甌江(jiang)河(he)口河(he)床季節沖(chong)淤有“洪沖(chong)枯淤”規律,長(chang)周(zhou)期(qi)沖(chong)淤則(ze)處于相(xiang)對平衡狀態(tai)。河(he)床變形常通過溪線橫向擺動(dong),江(jiang)心洲、邊灘移(yi)動(dong),以及灘洲的(de)(de)頻繁切并來體現。河(he)床縱(zong)向也沖(chong)淤多變,使航道水(shui)(shui)深(shen)時(shi)淺(qian)時(shi)深(shen),如1960年溫州(zhou)(zhou)老(lao)港碼頭(tou)前(qian)沿水(shui)(shui)深(shen)由6米以上(shang)淤淺(qian)到0.5米,嚴重阻礙了溫州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)內溫州(zhou)(zhou)港區和該(gai)河(he)口水(shui)(shui)運事業(ye)的(de)(de)發展。經過1971年開始的(de)(de)五期(qi)甌江(jiang)河(he)口整治工程(cheng)的(de)(de)實施,1984年溫州(zhou)(zhou)老(lao)港碼頭(tou)前(qian)沿水(shui)(shui)深(shen)由1965年的(de)(de)0.5米增(zeng)深(shen)至5米以上(shang),楊府山(shan)航道水(shui)(shui)深(shen)由1米增(zeng)至2.5米以上(shang),3000噸(dun)級(ji)船舶可(ke)候潮(chao)出入。

港口航道資源

甌(ou)江河口南(nan)北兩岸分(fen)布眾多深(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)岸段,有的(de)已(yi)建(jian)(jian)成一定(ding)(ding)規模的(de)港(gang)口,如溫州老港(gang)區,楊府(fu)山港(gang)區均已(yi)建(jian)(jian)成5000噸(dun)級(ji)碼頭。甌(ou)江口南(nan)岸的(de)龍灣(wan),北岸的(de)七里—黃(huang)華均為萬噸(dun)級(ji)以上的(de)港(gang)口資源區。龍灣(wan)岸段一般(ban)水(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)5~10米(mi),9~12米(mi)的(de)深(shen)(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)線寬(kuan)約200米(mi),長約1000米(mi)。七里黃(huang)華岸段,沿岸水(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)10~12米(mi),寬(kuan)200余米(mi),長9.4公里,百余年來一直穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)。外海進(jin)(jin)港(gang)航道(dao)主(zhu)要有3條,一是沙(sha)頭水(shui)(shui)(shui)道(dao),水(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)約3米(mi),供3000噸(dun)以下船舶進(jin)(jin)港(gang);二是黃(huang)大岙水(shui)(shui)(shui)道(dao),水(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)一般(ban)在(zai)5米(mi)以上,為3000~10000噸(dun)級(ji)大輪(lun)入(ru)灣(wan)航道(dao);三是南(nan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)道(dao),水(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)1~2米(mi)左右,供小船進(jin)(jin)出。

地理環境

甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)發源(yuan)地(di)龍(long)泉(quan)市(shi),上(shang)游云(yun)和縣(xian)、青田(tian)縣(xian)都在(zai)麗水(shui)市(shi)。麗水(shui)市(shi)處浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)浙(zhe)(zhe)閩兩省結合部(bu)(bu),以中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵地(di)貌為(wei)主,地(di)勢由西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)向東(dong)北(bei)(bei)傾斜(xie),西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)以中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)主,有低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵和山(shan)(shan)(shan)間(jian)谷(gu)地(di);東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)以低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)主,間(jian)有中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)及河(he)谷(gu)盆地(di)。全(quan)市(shi)土地(di)面(mian)積17298平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)占(zhan)88.42%,耕地(di)占(zhan)5.52%,溪(xi)(xi)流(liu)、道(dao)路、村莊等占(zhan)6.06%,是個“九山(shan)(shan)(shan)半水(shui)半分田(tian)”的(de)(de)地(di)區。本市(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)屬武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)系(xi)(xi)(xi),主要有仙(xian)霞嶺(ling)、洞宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、括蒼山(shan)(shan)(shan),呈西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)向東(dong)北(bei)(bei)走向,分別延伸西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)、西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)和東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)。海拔1000米(mi)以上(shang)的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)有3573座,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1500米(mi)以上(shang)的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)244座,龍(long)泉(quan)市(shi)鳳陽山(shan)(shan)(shan)黃(huang)茅(mao)尖(jian)海拔1929米(mi),慶元縣(xian)百山(shan)(shan)(shan)祖海拔1856.7米(mi),分別為(wei)浙(zhe)(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省第一、第二高峰(feng)。境(jing)內有甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、錢塘江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、飛云(yun)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、靈(ling)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、閩江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、交溪(xi)(xi)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi),與(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)走向平行,仙(xian)霞嶺(ling)是甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)錢塘江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)分水(shui)嶺(ling),洞宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)是甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)閩江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、飛云(yun)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和交溪(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)分水(shui)嶺(ling),括蒼山(shan)(shan)(shan)是甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)靈(ling)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)分水(shui)嶺(ling)。各(ge)河(he)流(liu)兩岸地(di)形陡峻,江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溪(xi)(xi)源(yuan)短流(liu)急,河(he)床切(qie)割(ge)較深,水(shui)位暴(bao)漲暴(bao)落,屬山(shan)(shan)(shan)溪(xi)(xi)性(xing)河(he)流(liu),由于落差(cha)大(da),水(shui)力(li)資源(yuan)蘊藏豐富。甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是全(quan)市(shi)第一大(da)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),發源(yuan)于慶元縣(xian)與(yu)龍(long)泉(quan)市(shi)交界(jie)的(de)(de)洞宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)鍋帽尖(jian)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)麓,自西(xi)(xi)向東(dong)蜿蜒過境(jing),干流(liu)長388公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),境(jing)內長316公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積12985.47平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)總面(mian)積的(de)(de)78%。位于甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)游龍(long)泉(quan)溪(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)緊水(shui)灘電站(zhan)水(shui)庫(ku)即(ji)仙(xian)宮(gong)湖,面(mian)積43.6平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),是全(quan)區大(da)的(de)(de)人工湖泊。屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候區,氣(qi)候溫和,冬暖春早,無(wu)霜期(qi)長,雨量豐沛。

麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)歷史(shi)悠(you)久,據考古發現,早在4000多年(nian)(nian)前就有人類活動。隋朝開皇(huang)九年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)589年(nian)(nian))建處州(zhou)(zhou),1949年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)解放后,10月(yue)設(she)(she)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)專(zhuan)區(qu)(qu),1952年(nian)(nian)撤(che)(che)銷專(zhuan)區(qu)(qu),各(ge)縣(xian)分(fen)別(bie)劃入溫州(zhou)(zhou)、金(jin)華(hua)、衢州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)管轄(xia)。1963年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)恢(hui)復(fu)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)專(zhuan)區(qu)(qu),轄(xia)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、青田、縉云(yun)、遂(sui)昌(chang)、云(yun)和(he)、龍(long)泉(quan)6縣(xian)。1968年(nian)(nian)改稱麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)地(di)區(qu)(qu),1978年(nian)(nian)設(she)(she)立(li)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)地(di)區(qu)(qu)行政公(gong)署(shu)。其(qi)中(zhong):1973年(nian)(nian)恢(hui)復(fu)慶元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian),1982年(nian)(nian)恢(hui)復(fu)松(song)陽縣(xian),1984年(nian)(nian)設(she)(she)立(li)景(jing)寧畬族自治縣(xian),1986年(nian)(nian)撤(che)(che)銷麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian),設(she)(she)立(li)縣(xian)級(ji)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi),1990年(nian)(nian)撤(che)(che)銷龍(long)泉(quan)縣(xian),設(she)(she)立(li)縣(xian)級(ji)龍(long)泉(quan)市(shi)(shi),2000年(nian)(nian)撤(che)(che)銷縣(xian)級(ji)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi),設(she)(she)立(li)蓮都(dou)(dou)區(qu)(qu)。2000年(nian)(nian)7月(yue)19日撤(che)(che)銷行署(shu)建制,設(she)(she)麗(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi),轄(xia)蓮都(dou)(dou)區(qu)(qu)、龍(long)泉(quan)市(shi)(shi)和(he)青田、縉云(yun)、云(yun)和(he)、慶元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、遂(sui)昌(chang)、松(song)陽、景(jing)寧7縣(xian)。

麗(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市自然(ran)資源(yuan)比較豐(feng)富(fu),生(sheng)態環境(jing)優越,被譽為“浙江綠(lv)谷”。生(sheng)態環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)全(quan)省第一、全(quan)國(guo)前列,生(sheng)態環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)公(gong)眾(zhong)滿意度繼續位(wei)居全(quan)省首位(wei)。麗(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)資源(yuan)十分豐(feng)富(fu),全(quan)市可供開發常(chang)規水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)資源(yuan)327.8萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦,約占浙江省可開發量(liang)40%。2004年,景寧縣(xian)被水(shui)(shui)(shui)利部授予(yu)“中國(guo)農村水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)之鄉”稱(cheng)號。2006年11月,麗(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)市被水(shui)(shui)(shui)利部授為“中國(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)第一市”。至2007年底,小水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(5萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦以下)裝機(ji)總容量(liang)122.59萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦,成為全(quan)省乃至全(quan)國(guo)首個(ge)實現超百萬(wan)(wan)小水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)裝機(ji)的地級市。全(quan)市各縣(xian)(市、區)均實現農村水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)電(dian)氣化。

境(jing)內有(you)(you)(you)諸多旅(lv)(lv)游(you)景(jing)(jing)點,全市(shi)有(you)(you)(you)對外開放旅(lv)(lv)游(you)點68個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)AAAA級(ji)(ji)(ji)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)12家(jia),分別是蓮都(dou)東(dong)西(xi)巖(yan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、龍(long)(long)泉山(shan)(shan)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)青(qing)(qing)田(tian)(tian)石(shi)雕文化旅(lv)(lv)游(you)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、青(qing)(qing)田(tian)(tian)石(shi)門(men)洞、縉(jin)云仙都(dou)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、縉(jin)云黃龍(long)(long)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)南(nan)尖(jian)巖(yan)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)金(jin)礦國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)礦山(shan)(shan)公園、遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)神龍(long)(long)飛瀑景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)千(qian)佛(fo)山(shan)(shan)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)畬(yu)鄉之窗(chuang)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、景(jing)(jing)寧(ning)(ning)云中(zhong)大(da)漈(ji);AAA級(ji)(ji)(ji)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)7家(jia)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)縉(jin)云仙都(dou)以(yi)山(shan)(shan)地峰巖(yan)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)著稱,省級(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)麗(li)(li)水南(nan)明(ming)山(shan)(shan)——東(dong)西(xi)巖(yan)、景(jing)(jing)寧(ning)(ning)大(da)漈(ji)、青(qing)(qing)田(tian)(tian)石(shi)門(men)洞、松陽(yang)“箬寮—安(an)岱(dai)后(hou)”和(he)(he)慶(qing)元“雙苗尖(jian)—月山(shan)(shan)”等5個(ge),市(shi)、縣(xian)(市(shi)、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))級(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)南(nan)尖(jian)巖(yan)、松陽(yang)雙童積雪等。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內不僅(jin)廣布奇峰、異洞、幽谷、流泉,還有(you)(you)(you)眾多的摩崖(ya)題刻(ke)、古(gu)建筑群、宗教寺觀(guan)等人文景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)。全市(shi)建有(you)(you)(you)各級(ji)(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(含(han)自然(ran)保護小區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))83個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)森林(lin)生(sheng)態系統(tong)類(lei)型的有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)龍(long)(long)泉鳳陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)——慶(qing)元百山(shan)(shan)祖、遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)九(jiu)龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan),省級(ji)(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)景(jing)(jing)寧(ning)(ning)望(wang)東(dong)垟(yang)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)濕地,以(yi)及縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)松陽(yang)箬寮峴。建有(you)(you)(you)省級(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)上森林(lin)公園11個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)省級(ji)(ji)(ji)森林(lin)公園有(you)(you)(you)蓮都(dou)白云山(shan)(shan)、大(da)山(shan)(shan)峰,云和(he)(he)仙宮(gong)湖(hu)(hu),龍(long)(long)泉龍(long)(long)淵,景(jing)(jing)寧(ning)(ning)草魚(yu)塘,縉(jin)云大(da)洋山(shan)(shan)、括蒼(cang)山(shan)(shan),慶(qing)元巾子(zi)峰8個(ge);國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)(ji)森林(lin)公園有(you)(you)(you)遂(sui)(sui)(sui)昌(chang)(chang)、青(qing)(qing)田(tian)(tian)石(shi)門(men)洞、松陽(yang)卯山(shan)(shan)3個(ge)。甌江(jiang)流域(yu)人工湖(hu)(hu)泊眾多,景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)如同天成。仙宮(gong)湖(hu)(hu),周圍有(you)(you)(you)“夏洞天”、“八仙洞”、“九(jiu)潭十八灣(wan)”等景(jing)(jing)觀(guan);灘坑水庫(ku)(千(qian)峽湖(hu)(hu))擁有(you)(you)(you)千(qian)峽環湖(hu)(hu)的壯麗(li)(li)景(jing)(jing)象,給(gei)人無限(xian)遐(xia)想,是麗(li)(li)水又一個(ge)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)如畫、休閑旅(lv)(lv)游(you)場所。

中(zhong)(zhong)下游在(zai)(zai)溫州市(shi)(shi)(shi)境(jing)內,包括(kuo)永(yong)嘉縣、甌(ou)海(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、鹿(lu)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、龍灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),位(wei)(wei)于浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)省東(dong)南(nan)部,東(dong)瀕東(dong)海(hai),南(nan)毗福建,西及(ji)西北(bei)部與(yu)麗水(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi)(shi)相連,北(bei)和(he)東(dong)北(bei)部與(yu)臺州市(shi)(shi)(shi)接壤。市(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(鹿(lu)城(cheng)(cheng)、龍灣和(he)甌(ou)海(hai)三個(ge)(ge)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))面(mian)積1187平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)。境(jing)內地(di)(di)勢,從西南(nan)向東(dong)北(bei)呈(cheng)現(xian)梯形傾斜。綿亙有(you)(you)(you)(you)洞(dong)(dong)宮、括(kuo)蒼(cang)、雁蕩諸山脈(mo),泰順的(de)白云尖,海(hai)拔1611米,為(wei)(wei)(wei)全市(shi)(shi)(shi)最高峰。東(dong)部平(ping)(ping)原地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),人(ren)工(gong)(gong)河道縱橫交錯。主要水(shui)(shui)系有(you)(you)(you)(you)甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)、飛云江(jiang)(jiang)、螯江(jiang)(jiang),境(jing)內大小河流(liu)150余條。溫州陸地(di)(di)海(hai)岸(an)(an)線(xian)長(chang)355公(gong)(gong)里(li),有(you)(you)(you)(you)島嶼436個(ge)(ge)。海(hai)岸(an)(an)線(xian)曲折,形成(cheng)磐石等(deng)(deng)(deng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然良港。為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)亞熱帶季(ji)(ji)風氣候區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),冬夏季(ji)(ji)風交替顯著(zhu),溫度適中(zhong)(zhong),四季(ji)(ji)分明,雨量充沛。溫州港現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)生產(chan)性(xing)泊位(wei)(wei)55個(ge)(ge),其中(zhong)(zhong)萬噸級(ji)以上(shang)(shang)深水(shui)(shui)泊位(wei)(wei)7個(ge)(ge),洞(dong)(dong)頭(tou)、樂清灣等(deng)(deng)(deng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然深水(shui)(shui)良港開發前景(jing)很(hen)好,可建20萬噸級(ji)碼頭(tou)泊位(wei)(wei)10個(ge)(ge)。溫州,文化(hua)燦爛(lan)的(de)東(dong)甌(ou)名(ming)鎮,公(gong)(gong)元前192年(nian)(nian)是(shi)東(dong)甌(ou)王騶(zou)搖的(de)都(dou)地(di)(di)。公(gong)(gong)元323年(nian)(nian)建郡,為(wei)(wei)(wei)永(yong)嘉郡,傳說建郡城(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)白鹿(lu)銜花繞城(cheng)(cheng)一周,故名(ming)鹿(lu)城(cheng)(cheng)。公(gong)(gong)元675年(nian)(nian)始(shi)稱(cheng)溫州。歷史(shi)上(shang)(shang)以手工(gong)(gong)業(ye)發達著(zhu)稱(cheng),是(shi)青瓷發源地(di)(di)之(zhi)一,造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)、造(zao)(zao)船、絲綢(chou)、繡品、漆(qi)器、鞋革等(deng)(deng)(deng)在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國歷史(shi)上(shang)(shang)均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一定(ding)地(di)(di)位(wei)(wei)。南(nan)宋(song)時(shi)被(bei)辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)對外(wai)通商口岸(an)(an),有(you)(you)(you)(you)“一片(pian)繁榮海(hai)上(shang)(shang)頭(tou),從來(lai)喚作小杭州”之(zhi)稱(cheng)。溫州是(shi)南(nan)戲故鄉,14世紀(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)葉溫州著(zhu)名(ming)劇作家(jia)高明的(de)《琵琶(pa)記(ji)》被(bei)譯(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)多國文字,在(zai)(zai)世界(jie)上(shang)(shang)廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)流(liu)傳。溫州人(ren)杰地(di)(di)靈,代(dai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)家(jia),南(nan)宋(song)時(shi)以葉適為(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)表(biao)的(de)永(yong)嘉學(xue)(xue)派(pai)和(he)以“永(yong)嘉四靈”為(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)表(biao)的(de)江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)詩(shi)派(pai),近現(xian)代(dai)的(de)孫詒讓、夏鼐、夏承燾(dao)、蘇步青等(deng)(deng)(deng),在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國思想史(shi)、文學(xue)(xue)史(shi)、科學(xue)(xue)史(shi)上(shang)(shang)都(dou)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)重大影響。溫州歷史(shi)悠久,有(you)(you)(you)(you)豐富的(de)文化(hua)遺存。甌(ou)越(yue)文化(hua)、山水(shui)(shui)文化(hua)、民族文化(hua)等(deng)(deng)(deng)源遠流(liu)長(chang)。電氣機械及(ji)器材制造(zao)(zao)業(ye)、皮(pi)革毛(mao)皮(pi)羽(yu)毛(mao)(絨)及(ji)其制品業(ye)、電力(li)熱力(li)的(de)生產(chan)和(he)供應業(ye)、通用設備制造(zao)(zao)業(ye)、紡(fang)織服裝服飾業(ye)、橡膠塑(su)料制品業(ye)等(deng)(deng)(deng)6個(ge)(ge)大類(lei)行業(ye)年(nian)(nian)產(chan)值超過200億元。溫州,素有(you)(you)(you)(you)“東(dong)南(nan)山水(shui)(shui)甲天(tian)(tian)(tian)下”之(zhi)美(mei)譽,境(jing)內名(ming)山秀水(shui)(shui)眾多,風光旖旎。國家(jia)級(ji)重點風景(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)雁蕩山、楠溪江(jiang)(jiang)、百丈(zhang)(zhang)漈-飛云湖(hu);國家(jia)級(ji)自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)烏巖(yan)嶺、南(nan)麂島;省級(ji)風景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)仙巖(yan)、瑤溪、澤雅、濱海(hai)玉蒼(cang)山、洞(dong)(dong)頭(tou)、寨寮溪、百丈(zhang)(zhang)漈等(deng)(deng)(deng)9處,還有(you)(you)(you)(you)茶山、岷崗、天(tian)(tian)(tian)柱寺等(deng)(deng)(deng)12個(ge)(ge)市(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)11處縣級(ji)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。風景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)陸域(yu)總面(mian)積達2279平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li),占全市(shi)(shi)(shi)陸域(yu)面(mian)積20%。全市(shi)(shi)(shi)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)5個(ge)(ge)國家(jia)級(ji)森林(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),8個(ge)(ge)省級(ji)森林(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。是(shi)太平(ping)(ping)洋(yang)西岸(an)(an)適宜于人(ren)類(lei)居住的(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)之(zhi)一。

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