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甌江
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票數:0 #江河河流#
甌江,中國東海獨流入海河流,位于浙江南部,歷史上曾名永寧江、永嘉江、溫江、慎江。發源于龍泉市與慶元縣交界的百山祖西北麓鍋帽尖,自西向東流,貫穿整個浙南山區,流經麗水、溫州等市,干流全長388公里,流域面積18028平方公里,從溫州市流入東海溫州灣。甌江年均徑流量202.7億立方米,水能理論蘊藏量190萬千瓦,可開發裝機容量170萬千瓦,年發電量54億千瓦時。
  • 所在地/隸屬: 浙(zhe)江省(sheng)麗水市、溫州市
介紹攻略

基本介紹

甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)上游是重要(yao)(yao)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)開發地區,麗水(shui)(shui)(shui)市被水(shui)(shui)(shui)利部授為“中國水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)第一市”。有(you)著(zhu)名的緊水(shui)(shui)(shui)灘(tan)電(dian)站。甌(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)下游是東甌(ou)古(gu)文(wen)化中心區域(yu),是浙江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)主要(yao)(yao)工農業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)區,溫州市電(dian)氣機械及(ji)器(qi)材制造業(ye)(ye)、皮(pi)革毛皮(pi)羽毛(絨(rong))及(ji)其制品(pin)業(ye)(ye)、電(dian)力熱力的生(sheng)產和供應業(ye)(ye)、通用設備制造業(ye)(ye)、紡(fang)織服(fu)裝(zhuang)服(fu)飾業(ye)(ye)、橡(xiang)膠(jiao)塑料(liao)制品(pin)業(ye)(ye)等6個(ge)大類行(xing)業(ye)(ye)居(ju)浙江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)前列。流域(yu)內自然環境保護良(liang)好(hao),旅游景點遍布,縉(jin)云(yun)仙都、雁蕩山、楠溪(xi)江(jiang)(jiang)、百(bai)丈漈-飛云(yun)湖聞名全國。被譽為太(tai)平洋(yang)西岸適宜(yi)于人類居(ju)住(zhu)的區域(yu)之一。

景點景觀

甌江自(zi)溫溪(xi)以下(xia)為感潮河(he)段,至岐頭角長78公里是甌江河(he)口(kou),其特性屬(shu)山溪(xi)性潮汐河(he)口(kou)。口(kou)外因水(shui)(shui)流擴散(san),泥(ni)沙沉(chen)積,水(shui)(shui)下(xia)三(san)角洲(zhou)前伸,以及口(kou)門有(you)大(da)(da)門(黃大(da)(da)岙)、小門、霓嶼、狀元岙、洞頭諸島(dao)環列,使入海水(shui)(shui)流分股(gu),形成沙頭水(shui)(shui)道(dao)、黃大(da)(da)岙水(shui)(shui)道(dao)、重(zhong)山水(shui)(shui)道(dao)和南水(shui)(shui)道(dao)與外海溝通。

河道情況

魁石至(zhi)梅岙(ao),河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)長31公里,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)寬(kuan)400~700米,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道較穩定;梅岙(ao)至(zhi)龍(long)灣(wan),河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)長32公里,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)寬(kuan)500~3000米,平(ping)面形態(tai)寬(kuan)窄相間,灘多(duo)水(shui)淺(qian)(qian),河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流分汊,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)底地(di)形灘槽犬(quan)牙交(jiao)錯,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang)沖淤多(duo)變,航(hang)槽變遷不定;龍(long)灣(wan)至(zhi)岐頭角,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)長15公里,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)床(chuang)迅速拓寬(kuan),盤石以(yi)下河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道被(bei)靈(ling)昆島和溫州(zhou)淺(qian)(qian)灘分成甌江南(nan)(nan)、北兩口。北口水(shui)深,歷來為主汊,河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道穩定;南(nan)(nan)口灘寬(kuan)水(shui)淺(qian)(qian)多(duo)沙(sha)涂,1964年以(yi)來,灘地(di)逐年淤高。1978~1979年,溫州(zhou)市(shi)曾在南(nan)(nan)口試拋堵壩,壩頂平(ping)均高程為1.36米(吳淞基(ji)面),后因(yin)故工程暫停。

河(he)床質(zhi)由(you)分選良好的中(zhong)沙和中(zhong)細沙組成,中(zhong)徑0.2~0.4毫米,大于(yu)0.1毫米的占(zhan)80%~95%以上,沿程變化(hua)不大。

來水條件

甌江水(shui)量(liang)豐(feng)富,洪(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)大(da)(da)。多(duo)年平均(jun)年徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)總(zong)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)195.5億(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(一說甌江年均(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)202.7億(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(最(zui)大(da)(da)308.5億(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi),最(zui)小92.8億(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi))),青田圩仁站(zhan)歷史最(zui)大(da)(da)洪(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)30400立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒,最(zui)枯(ku)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)10.6立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒,變幅達2000余倍。徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)年內分配不均(jun)勻(yun),5~9月徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)占(zhan)全年總(zong)量(liang)的三分之(zhi)二。修建緊(jin)水(shui)灘和石塘電站(zhan)后,流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)有所調節,洪(hong)(hong)峰降低,洪(hong)(hong)量(liang)減(jian)少。

甌江(jiang)河口(kou)(kou)潮(chao)(chao)(chao)汐(xi)屬淺海(hai)不正(zheng)規半日潮(chao)(chao)(chao),潮(chao)(chao)(chao)差大(da),河口(kou)(kou)沿程(cheng)平均(jun)潮(chao)(chao)(chao)差均(jun)在(zai)3米(mi)以上,最大(da)潮(chao)(chao)(chao)差7.2米(mi)(龍灣),但(dan)潮(chao)(chao)(chao)流速(su)并不大(da),當上游為平均(jun)流量時(shi),大(da)潮(chao)(chao)(chao)期龍灣漲潮(chao)(chao)(chao)平均(jun)流速(su)只有0.7米(mi)每秒左右(you),大(da)洪水下泄時(shi),龍灣無漲潮(chao)(chao)(chao)流,洪水的造(zao)床作(zuo)用大(da)于潮(chao)(chao)(chao)流。

來沙條件

甌江(jiang)徑流(liu)含(han)沙量(liang)小,平(ping)、枯水(shui)時水(shui)色(se)秀麗(li),清澈見底。洪水(shui)期(qi)河(he)流(liu)仍(reng)攜帶大(da)(da)量(liang)泥沙,水(shui)體(ti)混濁(zhuo)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均含(han)沙量(liang)0.168千克(ke)每(mei)立(li)方米,多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輸沙總量(liang)196萬噸(dun),最大(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))輸沙量(liang)為536萬噸(dun),最小年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))輸沙量(liang)39.4萬噸(dun)。枯水(shui)期(qi)的輸沙量(liang)僅占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1%以下,汛(xun)期(qi)則占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總量(liang)的95%,大(da)(da)部分(fen)輸出口外(wai),甌江(jiang)平(ping)均每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向海洋輸送(song)泥沙約234萬噸(dun)。

海(hai)域來沙(sha)(sha)(sha)多,以懸沙(sha)(sha)(sha)為主,其中值粒徑(jing)為0.02~0.04毫米,枯水大潮期(qi)隨潮挾帶的含(han)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)量在(zai)2~5千克每立方米之間,且有含(han)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)量隨上(shang)游徑(jing)流加大而減小的趨勢。洪水期(qi)甌(ou)(ou)江河口,實測含(han)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)量資料不多。甌(ou)(ou)江南口、北(bei)口,一次漲落潮的輸沙(sha)(sha)(sha)量,小潮達(da)50萬(wan)(wan)噸,大潮為100萬(wan)(wan)噸左右。

河床演變特征

甌江(jiang)(jiang)河(he)口河(he)床季節沖淤(yu)(yu)有“洪沖枯淤(yu)(yu)”規律,長周期沖淤(yu)(yu)則處于相對平衡狀(zhuang)態。河(he)床變形常通過溪線橫向(xiang)擺動,江(jiang)(jiang)心洲(zhou)、邊(bian)灘移動,以及灘洲(zhou)的(de)頻(pin)繁切(qie)并來體現。河(he)床縱向(xiang)也沖淤(yu)(yu)多(duo)變,使航道水深(shen)(shen)(shen)時淺時深(shen)(shen)(shen),如(ru)1960年(nian)溫州老港碼頭前沿水深(shen)(shen)(shen)由(you)6米(mi)(mi)以上淤(yu)(yu)淺到0.5米(mi)(mi),嚴重阻礙了溫州市內溫州港區和該河(he)口水運事業的(de)發展。經過1971年(nian)開始的(de)五(wu)期甌江(jiang)(jiang)河(he)口整治工程的(de)實施(shi),1984年(nian)溫州老港碼頭前沿水深(shen)(shen)(shen)由(you)1965年(nian)的(de)0.5米(mi)(mi)增深(shen)(shen)(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)5米(mi)(mi)以上,楊府山航道水深(shen)(shen)(shen)由(you)1米(mi)(mi)增至(zhi)(zhi)2.5米(mi)(mi)以上,3000噸級船舶可候(hou)潮(chao)出(chu)入。

港口航道資源

甌江(jiang)河口南(nan)(nan)北兩岸(an)(an)分布眾多深(shen)水(shui)(shui)岸(an)(an)段(duan),有(you)的已建成一定規模的港(gang)(gang)口,如溫州老港(gang)(gang)區(qu),楊府山港(gang)(gang)區(qu)均已建成5000噸級(ji)碼頭。甌江(jiang)口南(nan)(nan)岸(an)(an)的龍灣(wan),北岸(an)(an)的七里(li)—黃(huang)華均為萬(wan)噸級(ji)以(yi)上的港(gang)(gang)口資源區(qu)。龍灣(wan)岸(an)(an)段(duan)一般(ban)水(shui)(shui)深(shen)5~10米(mi),9~12米(mi)的深(shen)水(shui)(shui)線寬約(yue)200米(mi),長(chang)約(yue)1000米(mi)。七里(li)黃(huang)華岸(an)(an)段(duan),沿(yan)岸(an)(an)水(shui)(shui)深(shen)10~12米(mi),寬200余(yu)米(mi),長(chang)9.4公里(li),百余(yu)年來一直(zhi)穩定。外(wai)海進港(gang)(gang)航道(dao)主要(yao)有(you)3條,一是沙頭水(shui)(shui)道(dao),水(shui)(shui)深(shen)約(yue)3米(mi),供3000噸以(yi)下(xia)船舶進港(gang)(gang);二是黃(huang)大(da)岙水(shui)(shui)道(dao),水(shui)(shui)深(shen)一般(ban)在5米(mi)以(yi)上,為3000~10000噸級(ji)大(da)輪入(ru)灣(wan)航道(dao);三是南(nan)(nan)水(shui)(shui)道(dao),水(shui)(shui)深(shen)1~2米(mi)左右(you),供小船進出(chu)。

地理環境

甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)發(fa)源地(di)龍(long)泉市,上游(you)云和縣、青(qing)田縣都在麗水(shui)(shui)(shui)市。麗水(shui)(shui)(shui)市處浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)西南(nan)浙(zhe)閩(min)兩省(sheng)結合部(bu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵地(di)貌為主,地(di)勢由(you)西南(nan)向東北(bei)傾斜,西南(nan)部(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為主,有低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間谷地(di);東北(bei)部(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為主,間有中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)及河(he)(he)(he)谷盆地(di)。全市土地(di)面(mian)積17298平(ping)(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里(li),其中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)占88.42%,耕地(di)占5.52%,溪流(liu)、道路、村(cun)莊等(deng)占6.06%,是(shi)個“九(jiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)半(ban)水(shui)(shui)(shui)半(ban)分(fen)田”的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區。本市山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)屬武夷山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系(xi)(xi)(xi),主要(yao)有仙(xian)(xian)(xian)霞嶺(ling)(ling)、洞宮山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、括蒼(cang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),呈西南(nan)向東北(bei)走向,分(fen)別(bie)延伸西北(bei)部(bu)、西南(nan)部(bu)和東北(bei)部(bu)。海(hai)拔(ba)1000米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)有3573座,其中1500米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)244座,龍(long)泉市鳳陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)黃(huang)茅尖(jian)海(hai)拔(ba)1929米(mi)(mi),慶(qing)元縣百山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)祖海(hai)拔(ba)1856.7米(mi)(mi),分(fen)別(bie)為浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)第(di)(di)一(yi)、第(di)(di)二高峰(feng)。境內有甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、錢塘江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、飛(fei)云江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、靈江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、閩(min)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、交溪水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi),與(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)走向平(ping)(ping)(ping)行,仙(xian)(xian)(xian)霞嶺(ling)(ling)是(shi)甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)錢塘江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)嶺(ling)(ling),洞宮山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)閩(min)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、飛(fei)云江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和交溪的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)嶺(ling)(ling),括蒼(cang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)靈江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)嶺(ling)(ling)。各河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)兩岸地(di)形陡峻,江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溪源短流(liu)急(ji),河(he)(he)(he)床切(qie)割較深,水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)暴(bao)(bao)漲暴(bao)(bao)落,屬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)溪性(xing)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu),由(you)于落差大(da),水(shui)(shui)(shui)力資源蘊藏豐(feng)富。甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是(shi)全市第(di)(di)一(yi)大(da)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),發(fa)源于慶(qing)元縣與(yu)龍(long)泉市交界的(de)(de)(de)(de)洞宮山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鍋帽(mao)尖(jian)西北(bei)麓,自(zi)西向東蜿蜒過境,干(gan)流(liu)長(chang)388公(gong)里(li),境內長(chang)316公(gong)里(li),流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積12985.47平(ping)(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里(li),占全市總面(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)(de)78%。位(wei)于甌(ou)(ou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上游(you)龍(long)泉溪的(de)(de)(de)(de)緊水(shui)(shui)(shui)灘(tan)電(dian)站水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫即仙(xian)(xian)(xian)宮湖,面(mian)積43.6平(ping)(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里(li),是(shi)全區大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人工湖泊。屬中亞熱帶季(ji)風氣(qi)候區,氣(qi)候溫(wen)和,冬暖春早,無霜期長(chang),雨(yu)量豐(feng)沛。

麗(li)水(shui)(shui)歷(li)史悠久,據考古(gu)發現,早在(zai)4000多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前就有(you)人類活動。隋朝(chao)開(kai)皇九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元589年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))建處州,1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月解放后(hou),10月設(she)(she)麗(li)水(shui)(shui)專區(qu)(qu)(qu),1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)撤銷(xiao)專區(qu)(qu)(qu),各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)分別劃入溫州、金華、衢州專區(qu)(qu)(qu)管轄(xia)。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月恢(hui)復(fu)麗(li)水(shui)(shui)專區(qu)(qu)(qu),轄(xia)麗(li)水(shui)(shui)、青田、縉云、遂(sui)昌、云和、龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)6縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。1968年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改稱麗(li)水(shui)(shui)地區(qu)(qu)(qu),1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)(she)立(li)(li)麗(li)水(shui)(shui)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)行政(zheng)公署。其中:1973年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)恢(hui)復(fu)慶(qing)元縣(xian)(xian)(xian),1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)恢(hui)復(fu)松陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian),1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)(she)立(li)(li)景(jing)寧畬(yu)族自(zi)治縣(xian)(xian)(xian),1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)撤銷(xiao)麗(li)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),設(she)(she)立(li)(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)級麗(li)水(shui)(shui)市(shi),1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)撤銷(xiao)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),設(she)(she)立(li)(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)級龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)市(shi),2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)撤銷(xiao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)級麗(li)水(shui)(shui)市(shi),設(she)(she)立(li)(li)蓮(lian)都區(qu)(qu)(qu)。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月19日撤銷(xiao)行署建制,設(she)(she)麗(li)水(shui)(shui)市(shi),轄(xia)蓮(lian)都區(qu)(qu)(qu)、龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)市(shi)和青田、縉云、云和、慶(qing)元、遂(sui)昌、松陽、景(jing)寧7縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。

麗水(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi)自(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)比較豐富,生態(tai)環境優越,被譽為“浙江綠(lv)谷”。生態(tai)環境質量全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)第(di)一、全(quan)(quan)國(guo)前列(lie),生態(tai)環境質量公眾(zhong)滿意(yi)度繼續位居全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)首(shou)位。麗水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)電資源(yuan)十分豐富,全(quan)(quan)市(shi)(shi)可供(gong)開發(fa)常規水(shui)(shui)電資源(yuan)327.8萬(wan)千(qian)瓦,約占(zhan)浙江省(sheng)可開發(fa)量40%。2004年,景寧縣(xian)被水(shui)(shui)利部(bu)授(shou)予“中(zhong)國(guo)農(nong)村(cun)水(shui)(shui)電之鄉”稱號。2006年11月,麗水(shui)(shui)市(shi)(shi)被水(shui)(shui)利部(bu)授(shou)為“中(zhong)國(guo)水(shui)(shui)電第(di)一市(shi)(shi)”。至2007年底,小水(shui)(shui)電(5萬(wan)千(qian)瓦以下)裝(zhuang)機(ji)總(zong)容量122.59萬(wan)千(qian)瓦,成為全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)乃(nai)至全(quan)(quan)國(guo)首(shou)個實(shi)現(xian)超百(bai)萬(wan)小水(shui)(shui)電裝(zhuang)機(ji)的地級市(shi)(shi)。全(quan)(quan)市(shi)(shi)各(ge)縣(xian)(市(shi)(shi)、區)均實(shi)現(xian)農(nong)村(cun)水(shui)(shui)電電氣化(hua)。

境內有(you)(you)諸多旅(lv)(lv)游景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)點,全市有(you)(you)對外開放(fang)旅(lv)(lv)游點68個(ge)(ge)(ge),其中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)AAAA級(ji)(ji)旅(lv)(lv)游景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)12家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),分(fen)別是蓮都(dou)東(dong)西(xi)巖風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、龍泉山(shan)(shan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)青(qing)田(tian)(tian)石雕文(wen)化旅(lv)(lv)游區(qu)(qu)、青(qing)田(tian)(tian)石門洞、縉(jin)云(yun)仙(xian)(xian)都(dou)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、縉(jin)云(yun)黃龍景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)南尖巖景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)金礦國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)礦山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園、遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)神龍飛瀑景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)千佛(fo)山(shan)(shan)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)畬鄉之窗景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)寧云(yun)中(zhong)大漈;AAA級(ji)(ji)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)7家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)縉(jin)云(yun)仙(xian)(xian)都(dou)以山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)峰(feng)巖景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)著稱,省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)麗水(shui)南明山(shan)(shan)——東(dong)西(xi)巖、景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)寧大漈、青(qing)田(tian)(tian)石門洞、松(song)陽(yang)“箬寮(liao)(liao)—安岱后(hou)”和(he)慶元“雙苗尖—月山(shan)(shan)”等(deng)(deng)5個(ge)(ge)(ge),市、縣(xian)(市、區(qu)(qu))級(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)南尖巖、松(song)陽(yang)雙童積(ji)雪等(deng)(deng)。風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)內不僅(jin)廣布奇峰(feng)、異(yi)洞、幽谷、流(liu)泉,還(huan)有(you)(you)眾多的摩(mo)崖(ya)題(ti)刻(ke)、古建(jian)筑群、宗(zong)教寺觀(guan)等(deng)(deng)人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)。全市建(jian)有(you)(you)各級(ji)(ji)自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(含自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)小區(qu)(qu))83個(ge)(ge)(ge),其中(zhong)森(sen)林生態系統類型的有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)龍泉鳳陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)——慶元百山(shan)(shan)祖(zu)、遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)九龍山(shan)(shan),省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)寧望東(dong)垟(yang)高山(shan)(shan)濕(shi)地(di)(di),以及縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)松(song)陽(yang)箬寮(liao)(liao)峴。建(jian)有(you)(you)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)以上森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園11個(ge)(ge)(ge),其中(zhong)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園有(you)(you)蓮都(dou)白云(yun)山(shan)(shan)、大山(shan)(shan)峰(feng),云(yun)和(he)仙(xian)(xian)宮湖(hu),龍泉龍淵,景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)寧草魚塘,縉(jin)云(yun)大洋山(shan)(shan)、括蒼山(shan)(shan),慶元巾子峰(feng)8個(ge)(ge)(ge);國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園有(you)(you)遂(sui)昌(chang)(chang)、青(qing)田(tian)(tian)石門洞、松(song)陽(yang)卯(mao)山(shan)(shan)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)。甌(ou)江流(liu)域人(ren)工湖(hu)泊眾多,景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)如(ru)同天成。仙(xian)(xian)宮湖(hu),周圍(wei)有(you)(you)“夏洞天”、“八(ba)仙(xian)(xian)洞”、“九潭十八(ba)灣”等(deng)(deng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan);灘坑水(shui)庫(ku)(千峽(xia)湖(hu))擁有(you)(you)千峽(xia)環(huan)湖(hu)的壯麗景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)象,給人(ren)無限遐想(xiang),是麗水(shui)又一個(ge)(ge)(ge)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)如(ru)畫、休閑旅(lv)(lv)游場所。

中下(xia)游(you)在(zai)(zai)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei),包括(kuo)永(yong)嘉(jia)縣(xian)(xian)、甌海(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、鹿城區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、龍(long)灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),位(wei)于浙江省(sheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)部(bu),東(dong)(dong)(dong)瀕東(dong)(dong)(dong)海(hai),南(nan)毗福(fu)建(jian),西及西北部(bu)與麗水市(shi)相連,北和(he)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北部(bu)與臺州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)接(jie)壤(rang)。市(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(鹿城、龍(long)灣和(he)甌海(hai)三個(ge)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))面積(ji)1187平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里。境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)地(di)(di)勢,從西南(nan)向東(dong)(dong)(dong)北呈現梯形傾斜(xie)。綿亙有(you)(you)(you)(you)洞(dong)宮(gong)、括(kuo)蒼、雁(yan)(yan)蕩諸山脈,泰順(shun)的(de)(de)(de)白云尖,海(hai)拔(ba)1611米,為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)市(shi)最高峰。東(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)平(ping)(ping)原地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),人工(gong)河(he)道(dao)縱橫(heng)交錯。主(zhu)要水系(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)甌江、飛云江、螯江,境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)大小河(he)流(liu)150余條。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)陸(lu)地(di)(di)海(hai)岸線長355公(gong)(gong)里,有(you)(you)(you)(you)島(dao)嶼436個(ge)。海(hai)岸線曲折,形成(cheng)磐石等(deng)(deng)(deng)天(tian)(tian)然良港。為(wei)(wei)(wei)中亞熱(re)帶季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣候區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),冬夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)交替顯著(zhu),溫(wen)度適中,四(si)季(ji)(ji)分明,雨量(liang)充(chong)沛(pei)。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)港現有(you)(you)(you)(you)生產性泊位(wei)55個(ge),其中萬噸級(ji)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)深(shen)水泊位(wei)7個(ge),洞(dong)頭(tou)(tou)、樂清灣等(deng)(deng)(deng)天(tian)(tian)然深(shen)水良港開發前景(jing)很好(hao),可建(jian)20萬噸級(ji)碼頭(tou)(tou)泊位(wei)10個(ge)。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),文(wen)(wen)化(hua)燦爛的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)甌名(ming)鎮(zhen),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前192年(nian)(nian)是(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)甌王騶搖的(de)(de)(de)都(dou)地(di)(di)。公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)323年(nian)(nian)建(jian)郡(jun)(jun),為(wei)(wei)(wei)永(yong)嘉(jia)郡(jun)(jun),傳(chuan)說(shuo)建(jian)郡(jun)(jun)城時有(you)(you)(you)(you)白鹿銜花繞(rao)城一(yi)周,故名(ming)鹿城。公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)675年(nian)(nian)始稱(cheng)(cheng)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)以(yi)(yi)手工(gong)業(ye)(ye)發達(da)著(zhu)稱(cheng)(cheng),是(shi)青(qing)瓷發源地(di)(di)之一(yi),造(zao)紙、造(zao)船、絲綢、繡品、漆器、鞋革等(deng)(deng)(deng)在(zai)(zai)我國歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定地(di)(di)位(wei)。南(nan)宋時被辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)對外通商口岸,有(you)(you)(you)(you)“一(yi)片繁榮海(hai)上(shang)(shang)頭(tou)(tou),從來(lai)喚作(zuo)小杭(hang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”之稱(cheng)(cheng)。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是(shi)南(nan)戲(xi)故鄉,14世紀中葉(xie)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)著(zhu)名(ming)劇作(zuo)家(jia)高明的(de)(de)(de)《琵(pi)琶記》被譯為(wei)(wei)(wei)多國文(wen)(wen)字,在(zai)(zai)世界上(shang)(shang)廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)流(liu)傳(chuan)。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人杰地(di)(di)靈,代(dai)(dai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)家(jia),南(nan)宋時以(yi)(yi)葉(xie)適為(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)永(yong)嘉(jia)學(xue)派(pai)和(he)以(yi)(yi)“永(yong)嘉(jia)四(si)靈”為(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)江湖詩(shi)派(pai),近(jin)現代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)孫詒讓(rang)、夏(xia)鼐(nai)、夏(xia)承燾、蘇步青(qing)等(deng)(deng)(deng),在(zai)(zai)我國思想史、文(wen)(wen)學(xue)史、科學(xue)史上(shang)(shang)都(dou)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)重大影響。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)歷(li)史悠(you)久,有(you)(you)(you)(you)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺存。甌越文(wen)(wen)化(hua)、山水文(wen)(wen)化(hua)、民族文(wen)(wen)化(hua)等(deng)(deng)(deng)源遠流(liu)長。電(dian)氣機械及器材(cai)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)、皮革毛(mao)皮羽毛(mao)(絨)及其制(zhi)(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)、電(dian)力熱(re)力的(de)(de)(de)生產和(he)供應業(ye)(ye)、通用設備制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)、紡織服裝(zhuang)服飾業(ye)(ye)、橡膠塑(su)料(liao)制(zhi)(zhi)品業(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)(deng)6個(ge)大類(lei)(lei)行業(ye)(ye)年(nian)(nian)產值超(chao)過200億(yi)元(yuan)。溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),素(su)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)山水甲天(tian)(tian)下(xia)”之美譽(yu),境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)名(ming)山秀水眾多,風(feng)光旖(yi)旎。國家(jia)級(ji)重點(dian)風(feng)景(jing)名(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)雁(yan)(yan)蕩山、楠溪江、百(bai)丈漈-飛云湖;國家(jia)級(ji)自然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)烏巖嶺、南(nan)麂島(dao);省(sheng)級(ji)風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)仙(xian)巖、瑤溪、澤雅、濱海(hai)玉蒼山、洞(dong)頭(tou)(tou)、寨寮(liao)溪、百(bai)丈漈等(deng)(deng)(deng)9處(chu),還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)茶(cha)山、岷崗(gang)、天(tian)(tian)柱寺等(deng)(deng)(deng)12個(ge)市(shi)級(ji)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)11處(chu)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)陸(lu)域總(zong)面積(ji)達(da)2279平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里,占全(quan)市(shi)陸(lu)域面積(ji)20%。全(quan)市(shi)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)5個(ge)國家(jia)級(ji)森林公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),8個(ge)省(sheng)級(ji)森林公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。是(shi)太平(ping)(ping)洋西岸適宜于人類(lei)(lei)居住的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域之一(yi)。

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