廬山桃花源(yuan)(yuan)風景(jing)名(ming)(ming)(ming)勝區是中國田園詩歌(ge)鼻祖、東晉大詩人陶淵明的傳世(shi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)作《桃花源(yuan)(yuan)記》創作原型地,是世(shi)界自然文化名(ming)(ming)(ming)山—廬山的重要組成部分。
桃花源景區不僅(jin)自然風光秀麗(li),且歷(li)史涵蘊深厚,人文景觀(guan)眾多(duo)。景區內(nei)有(you)楚人村、康王谷(gu)(gu)、恩桃庵、陸(lu)羽亭等(deng)遺址;有(you)陶淵明、歐陽修、蘇軾、黃庭堅等(deng)歷(li)代名家詠康王谷(gu)(gu)和(he)谷(gu)(gu)簾泉的(de)大量詩文和(he)所留下的(de)摩巖石刻,是旅游休閑、度(du)假避暑勝地。
位于(yu)康王(wang)谷人(ren)口處。漢時這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)有(you)銅馬(ma)廟,南朝梁代建有(you)康王(wang)觀(guan),宋時有(you)景(jing)德(de)觀(guan),今(jin)俱廢,而(er)“觀(guan)口”之名(ming)卻(que)保留至今(jin)。觀(guan)口外一(yi)(yi)側(ce),有(you)一(yi)(yi)山(shan)埂,名(ming)“桃(tao)(tao)花(hua)尖”,位于(yu)觀(guan)口從谷中(zhong)流出的溪(xi)水旁,高(gao)約400余(yu)米,面積約800余(yu)畝,廣植桃(tao)(tao)樹(shu),因觀(guan)口一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)地勢平坦,惟以桃(tao)(tao)花(hua)尖山(shan)埂兀(wu)突(tu),當春(chun)季桃(tao)(tao)花(hua)盛開之時,便覺特別爛漫醒目(mu)。觀(guan)口前方,即往隘口道旁,有(you)一(yi)(yi)老松,其干佝僂偃(yan)伏,遠觀(guan)似老人(ren)駝(tuo)背,故(gu)俗稱“駝(tuo)背樹(shu)”,其枝虬節盤旋而(er)上,針葉青(qing)蔥,樹(shu)皮光滑顯銀白色,為(wei)林木一(yi)(yi)大奇觀(guan)。觀(guan)口山(shan)門,由一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)花(hua)崗青(qing)石(shi)石(shi)刻(ke)(ke)牌坊(fang)組建而(er)成,為(wei)“四柱(zhu)三(san)門”式,柱(zhu)為(wei)正長(chang)方形,頂端為(wei)圓形,四柱(zhu)均突(tu)破橫(heng)額(e)枋而(er)聳立天際。柱(zhu)的下(xia)端前后均以鼓形石(shi)枋相砌(qi)。額(e)枋正中(zhong)有(you)毛澤東(dong)手(shou)書“桃(tao)(tao)花(hua)源”三(san)字石(shi)刻(ke)(ke),由星子(zi)縣石(shi)雕高(gao)手(shou)仿毛澤東(dong)七律(lv)《登(deng)廬山(shan)》墨跡精刻(ke)(ke)而(er)成。石(shi)柱(zhu)有(you)石(shi)刻(ke)(ke)對聯一(yi)(yi)副:“世上無(wu)雙夢(meng);天下(xia)第一(yi)(yi)泉”.背面對聯為(wei):“千秋康王(wang)谷;萬古陶令(ling)篇”。牌坊(fang)結構新穎,制作(zuo)精巧,石(shi)料采自(zi)星子(zi)縣橫(heng)塘玉(yu)泉山(shan),質(zhi)地玉(yu)潤(run),灰中(zhong)透白,無(wu)雕飾,略有(you)紋刻(ke)(ke),全(quan)以本色為(wei)工,以古樸為(wei)質(zhi),與(yu)整(zheng)個(ge)桃(tao)(tao)花(hua)源景(jing)區的自(zi)然景(jing)觀(guan)和人(ren)文景(jing)觀(guan)融為(wei)一(yi)(yi)體,實為(wei)牌坊(fang)雕刻(ke)(ke)作(zuo)品中(zhong)的上乘之作(zuo)。
進山(shan)(shan)門一里,有(you)“回馬石”遺跡(ji),此(ci)即(ji)秦(qin)國(guo)(guo)大將(jiang)(jiang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)翦(jian)追(zhui)楚康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)后裔不(bu)得處。關于康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)來(lai)歷,多種(zhong)志(zhi)書(shu)均有(you)記載。傳說:秦(qin)始皇(huang)二十四(si)年(nian)(前223年(nian))王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)翦(jian)伐楚,康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)后裔避(bi)難于廬山(shan)(shan)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)中,“翦(jian)追(zhui)之(zhi)急,天忽大風雷(lei)雨,翦(jian)人馬不(bu)能前。得脫,遂(sui)隱谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)中不(bu)出,因(yin)名其谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。”而“回馬石”則(ze)是秦(qin)將(jiang)(jiang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)翦(jian)“回馬”的(de)地(di)方。康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)又稱(cheng)“楚王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”,據(ju)清同治版校點(dian)本《星子(zi)縣志(zhi)》載:“昔始皇(huang)并六國(guo)(guo),楚康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)昭(zhao)為秦(qin)將(jiang)(jiang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)翦(jian)所窘(jiong),逃(tao)于此(ci),故名楚王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。”從歷史(shi)(shi)傳說這個角(jiao)度(du)看(kan).康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)歷史(shi)(shi)已有(you)2223年(nian)了。
問(wen)津(jin)堂(tang) 過回(hui)馬石(shi),抵(di)問(wen)津(jin)堂(tang)。有單層(ceng)建(jian)筑三棟,青(qing)瓦白樓(lou),小巧古(gu)樸(pu),彼此相連。背山面溪(xi)(xi),溪(xi)(xi)旁(pang)立(li)一(yi)大石(shi),上刻“世(shi)外桃源(yuan)”四(si)字(zi),前行十余米,臨溪(xi)(xi)一(yi)亭(ting),名(ming)“問(wen)津(jin)亭(ting)”。亭(ting)額“凈(jing)土”二(er)字(zi),中有一(yi)聯:“桃花源(yuan)出(chu)康(kang)(kang)王(wang)谷(gu);彭(peng)澤令即(ji)武陵漁(yu)”。這一(yi)景(jing)點(dian)與(yu)觀口山門“桃花源(yuan)”牌坊相呼應,把陶淵(yuan)明散(san)文(wen)《桃花源(yuan)記》的出(chu)處(chu)與(yu)康(kang)(kang)王(wang)谷(gu)聯系起來。陶淵(yuan)明,字(zi)元亮,一(yi)說(shuo)名(ming)潛,字(zi)淵(yuan)明,潯陽柴桑(今江西星(xing)子縣)人(ren)。生于晉哀帝(di)興寧三年(nian)(365年(nian)),卒于宋文(wen)帝(di)元嘉四(si)年(nian)(427年(nian))。卒后(hou)友朋私(si)溢“靖節(jie)”。早(zao)年(nian)曾(ceng)任江州祭酒、鎮軍(jun)參(can)軍(jun)、彭(peng)澤
令等(deng)職,后因(yin)厭惡官場污濁,遂退隱農村(cun)。今星子縣山南(nan)的(de)(de)玉京、栗里(li)、醉石等(deng)風景(jing)點,均留(liu)下他的(de)(de)遺跡(ji)。陶淵(yuan)明的(de)(de)大(da)半生處于我國封建社會史上(shang)一個(ge)大(da)分(fen)裂、大(da)混亂的(de)(de)黑暗時代,由于社會的(de)(de)動(dong)亂,玄風的(de)(de)盛(sheng)行(xing),東晉(jin)文(wen)人競尚浮誕,馳騁玄理,詩壇(tan)為(wei)玄言詩所統治。晉(jin)末(mo)
宋初,佛(fo)教(jiao)哲理(li)又被引(yin)人文(wen)(wen)(wen)學創作(zuo)。陶(tao)淵明生(sheng)活在當時(shi)那樣(yang)一個(ge)思想空虛(xu)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)學貧困(kun)的(de)年代,他并(bing)沒有(you)像(xiang)清(qing)淡玄學家那樣(yang)狂放不(bu)羈,也沒有(you)像(xiang)佛(fo)教(jiao)徒那樣(yang)無(wu)(wu)慮(lv)無(wu)(wu)營,而是在現實生(sheng)活和(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學創作(zuo)上,獨(du)特地走著自己的(de)道路,形成(cheng)一種單純自然的(de)新穎風格,成(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學發展史上的(de)詩人和(he)散文(wen)(wen)(wen)家。《桃花源(yuan)記》整(zheng)個(ge)作(zuo)品都閃(shan)耀著理(li)想的(de)光輝,在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古代散文(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)素享盛名。
離開(kai)問津堂,沿溪北行數里,康王谷開(kai)始(shi)顯示出(chu)它的(de)幽(you)深古(gu)奧(ao),兩旁山峰(feng)挺拔,樹(shu)木蔥蘢,谷口最(zui)窄處,僅(jin)十(shi)余米。又數十(shi)步,忽(hu)(hu)峰(feng)回路轉,蒼松翠竹,花(hua)香鳥語,則又有一(yi)番景(jing)致。溪側(ce)有桃葉渡、桃源洞諸景(jing)。《桃花(hua)源記》開(kai)篇(pian)說:“晉太(tai)元(yuan)中(zhong),武陵人捕魚為業,緣溪行,忘路之遠近。忽(hu)(hu)逢(feng)桃花(hua)林,夾岸數百步,中(zhong)無雜(za)樹(shu),芳草(cao)鮮美(mei),落英繽紛。”來(lai)到這里,游人能不(bu)被景(jing)觀所陶醉而“忘路”嗎?
這是(shi)“忘路(lu)谷(gu)(gu)”的(de)延(yan)伸與推進,也(ye)是(shi)在谷(gu)(gu)中(zhong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)走時“忽(hu)峰(feng)回路(lu)轉”出(chu)現的(de)景觀。谷(gu)(gu)溪源于漢(han)陽(yang)(yang)峰(feng)的(de)谷(gu)(gu)簾泉,噴薄而(er)出(chu),奔流直瀉,蜿蜒曲折(zhe),縱穿整個康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)谷(gu)(gu),從谷(gu)(gu)口(kou)流出(chu),經觀口(kou)山(shan)門,注入鄱陽(yang)(yang)湖。大小(xiao)不(bu)一(yi)的(de)卵石散臥溪中(zhong),受水(shui)擊打,發(fa)出(chu)大小(xiao)不(bu)一(yi)的(de)巨響,永無停歇(xie)。谷(gu)(gu)溪一(yi)側(ce)傍(bang)山(shan),另一(yi)側(ce)則用卵石壘(lei)疊(die)而(er)成數米高的(de)谷(gu)(gu)堤,堤上(shang)復為路(lu),這就成了(le)我們游(you)人“緣溪行(xing)(xing)(xing)”所走的(de)路(lu)了(le)。桃(tao)花溪因桃(tao)花林而(er)得名,唐王(wang)(wang)(wang)維《桃(tao)源行(xing)(xing)(xing)》詩:“漁舟逐(zhu)水(shui)愛山(shan)村,兩岸桃(tao)花夾古(gu)津。……春來(lai)遍是(shi)桃(tao)花水(shui),不(bu)辨仙源何處尋。”也(ye)許,王(wang)(wang)(wang)維曾(ceng)來(lai)過此地興游(you)。
《桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)花源記(ji)》說(shuo):“林盡水源,便(bian)得一(yi)山(shan)。山(shan)有(you)小口,仿佛若(ruo)有(you)光(guang);便(bian)舍船從口入。初極狹(xia),才(cai)通(tong)人(ren);復(fu)行數十步,豁然開(kai)朗。土地平曠,屋舍儼然,有(you)良田美(mei)池桑竹之屬;阡陌(mo)交通(tong),雞(ji)犬相聞(wen)。”康王(wang)谷有(you)九(jiu)個(ge)自然村(cun)(cun),均沿谷而居,有(you)張(zhang)、吳、帥、汪、余、錢、康、等姓氏。建(jian)筑多為(wei)(wei)單層人(ren)字形,泥磚相混結構,間以(yi)小院,院內外及村(cun)(cun)之四(si)周,廣植(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹。緣溪而行,所逢第一(yi)個(ge)村(cun)(cun)莊名(ming)“口上張(zhang)村(cun)(cun)”。其(qi)問茂(mao)林修竹,茅籬草舍,野趣天成,其(qi)民風淳樸,尤存古(gu)意。凡五六(liu)月來(lai)到(dao)這里(li),村(cun)(cun)旁溪畔的桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹已是果(guo)實(shi)累累,摘(zhai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)一(yi)袋,略(lve)給(gei)幾錢,在溪頭(tou)用泉水略(lve)洗,即(ji)(ji)可(ke)作為(wei)(wei)旅途(tu)美(mei)食。將離去,村(cun)(cun)民猶呼:“下次再來(lai)。”據傳,楚康王(wang)后裔避(bi)難(nan)谷中(zhong),滿山(shan)遍野都是野桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹,他們(men)即(ji)(ji)以(yi)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)食,渡過難(nan)關。后人(ren)便(bian)把桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹稱之為(wei)(wei)“恩桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹”,其(qi)果(guo),即(ji)(ji)名(ming)“恩桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”,流傳至(zhi)今。
行至(zhi)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷底,一座(zuo)雄關豁然迎面(mian)而(er)立,高約(yue)8米余(yu),上(shang)(shang)設雉堞,堅(jian)如磐石。巨形拱門(men)之上(shang)(shang)有(you)額枋一方,書“楚(chu)(chu)(chu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”二字,兩側一聯:”楚(chu)(chu)(chu)雖(sui)三(san)戶亡(wang)秦(qin)必楚(chu)(chu)(chu);秦(qin)唯(wei)二世(shi)起楚(chu)(chu)(chu)非秦(qin)”,高度概括了秦(qin)滅楚(chu)(chu)(chu)、而(er)秦(qin)僅(jin)歷二世(shi)便被楚(chu)(chu)(chu)推翻(fan)的這(zhe)段(duan)歷史,以(yi)及楚(chu)(chu)(chu)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)后裔避難谷中,在(zai)此(ci)筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的史實。進得城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men),楚(chu)(chu)(chu)風撲(pu)面(mian)而(er)來,有(you)懷念楚(chu)(chu)(chu)國忠臣三(san)間(jian)大(da)夫屈原的“大(da)夫灘”,有(you)紀念康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)后裔帶領楚(chu)(chu)(chu)人在(zai)此(ci)艱苦創(chuang)業(ye)的“康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)觀”。其建筑造(zao)型以(yi)及附于建筑之上(shang)(shang)棕褐色的涂料等,均(jun)(jun)具有(you)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)文(wen)化的氛圍(wei)與特色,因此(ci),“康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”又稱之為(wei)“楚(chu)(chu)(chu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷又俗(su)稱廬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)壟(long),其壟(long)底有(you)”上(shang)(shang)壟(long)”與“下(xia)(xia)壟(long)”之分,上(shang)(shang)壟(long)村(cun)(cun)為(wei)督(du)里(li)錢(qian)(qian)(錢(qian)(qian)姓(xing))、杜家(吳(wu)姓(xing))、余(yu)家(余(yu)姓(xing))、帥家(帥姓(xing))、汪家(汪姓(xing)),下(xia)(xia)壟(long)村(cun)(cun)為(wei)樓下(xia)(xia)村(cun)(cun)(吳(wu)姓(xing))、吳(wu)官村(cun)(cun)(吳(wu)姓(xing)),烏(wu)龍(long)村(cun)(cun)現稱口上(shang)(shang)張村(cun)(cun)(張姓(xing))。而(er)谷簾泉對面(mian)有(you)一山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),其山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰(yao)有(you)一村(cun)(cun)莊,叫“半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)康家”,這(zhe)些村(cun)(cun)子均(jun)(jun)處康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)。據說,“半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)康家”有(you)條(tiao)祖訓:康姓(xing)不(bu)得與熊(xiong)姓(xing)通婚。皆(jie)因康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)后裔避難后,改姓(xing)康的原故。康、熊(xiong)二姓(xing)至(zhi)今仍(reng)然保留著互不(bu)通婚的習(xi)俗(su)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)谷盡(jin)頭乃崖(ya)壁險峭,有(you)潭名(ming)烏(wu)龍(long)潭,匯聚筲(shao)箕(ji)洼之水。筲(shao)箕(ji)洼在(zai)篤里(li)錢(qian)(qian)村(cun)(cun),有(you)小道(dao)(dao)直達漢陽(yang)(yang)峰(feng)。1938年(nian),廬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)孤軍被日(ri)軍所圍(wei),上(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)通道(dao)(dao)均(jun)(jun)被封鎖,蔣經(jing)國即縱穿康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谷,攀走(zou)筲(shao)箕(ji)洼,登上(shang)(shang)漢陽(yang)(yang)峰(feng),舉行升旗(qi)儀式。
位(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)康王谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)底,督里錢村右下(xia)(xia)(xia)方,與(yu)筲箕洼毗鄰。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)自漢陽峰(feng),據志書記載:“泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)西行(xing)為(wei)枕石(shi)崖所阻,湍怒(nu)噴涌,散(san)(san)落紛紜,數(shu)十(shi)百縷,斑駁如玉(yu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian),懸注三百五(wu)(wu)十(shi)丈,故名谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。亦匡廬第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)觀(guan)也(ye),”自從唐代(dai)陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)尋訪廬山(shan)(shan),踏勘(kan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)地,曾說(shuo)“谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)為(wei)天下(xia)(xia)(xia)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”以(yi)來(lai),吸引了不(bu)少文化(hua)精(jing)英慕名而(er)(er)至(zhi)(zhi)。唐張又(you)新(xin)《謝山(shan)(shan)僧(seng)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)》詩(shi):“消渴茂陵(ling)客(ke),甘涼(liang)廬阜泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),瀉從千仞石(shi),寄送九江船。竹柜(ju)新(xin)茶(cha)出(chu),銅鐺活火(huo)煎(jian),散(san)(san)花(hua)(hua)浮晚菊(ju),沸沫響(xiang)秋蟬。……超遞康王谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),塵埃陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)篇。何當結茅屋,長在水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)前(qian)(qian)。”宋陳舜愈《谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)》詩(shi):“玉(yu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)鋪水(shui)(shui)半天垂,行(xing)客(ke)尋山(shan)(shan)至(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)稀(xi);陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)品(pin)題(ti)真黼黻,黃州吟詠盡(jin)珠璣。重(zhong)來(lai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酌非無分,未挈吾瓶(ping)可忍歸;終欲窮源(yuan)登絕頂(ding),帶云和月(yue)弄清暉。”詩(shi)人(ren)們把對谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眷戀之情發揮到極(ji)致。后(hou)任南康知軍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朱熹則生怕(pa)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)寂(ji)寞(mo),于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是,利用門身(shen)“地方長官優勢”和“名人(ren)效應”,在過(guo)(guo)觀(guan)口(kou)山(shan)(shan)門前(qian)(qian)行(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方,也(ye)就(jiu)是“回馬石(shi)”附近(jin),用隸體(ti)書寫“谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”三字(zi),刻(ke)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)澗(jian)旁崖壁之上(shang),以(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)招徠游(you)客(ke)。在世人(ren)眼(yan)(yan)中,谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真容,千余年來(lai),被定格在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種依(yi)稀(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朦(meng)朧(long)之中。今天,我(wo)們終于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)揭開了谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)世紀,那瑰(gui)偉絕特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)姿,那動人(ren)心魄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神韻,已經可以(yi)通過(guo)(guo)簡易便(bian)捷(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)登臨,為(wei)人(ren)們提供(gong)較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)審美(mei)視角。我(wo)們已經進入(ru)康王城(cheng),前(qian)(qian)行(xing)百余步,其右側有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)呈(cheng)40度(du)(du)傾(qing)斜(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)崗(gang)石(shi)階(jie)梯,百余級,拾(shi)級而(er)(er)上(shang),至(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)(shan)門,有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)檐式(shi)牌坊(fang),四柱(zhu)(zhu)三門,雄奇挺(ting)拔,古拙素(su)雅,額枋橫刻(ke)“天下(xia)(xia)(xia)第—泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”五(wu)(wu)字(zi),靈(ling)秀(xiu)飛(fei)(fei)動,遒勁飄(piao)逸。坊(fang)內一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側為(wei)“陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)茶(cha)莊”,另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側則有(you)(you)(you)(you)“陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)品(pin)茶(cha)碑(bei)”。沿著(zhu)花(hua)(hua)崗(gang)石(shi)便(bian)道(dao)緩步前(qian)(qian)行(xing),山(shan)(shan)壁之間及道(dao)旁巖石(shi)多有(you)(you)(you)(you)題(ti)刻(ke)。數(shu)度(du)(du)曲折(zhe)(zhe),至(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),名“觀(guan)瀑(pu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)”,四角四柱(zhu)(zhu),立于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)危(wei)崖之上(shang),單(dan)層(ceng),小巧(qiao),亭(ting)(ting)(ting)頂(ding)為(wei)垂直弧線(xian)形(xing),造型獨(du)特(te)。站立亭(ting)(ting)(ting)中,谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)盡(jin)收眼(yan)(yan)底,這里是從側面(mian)觀(guan)瀑(pu)較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置。出(chu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),下(xia)(xia)(xia)坡,兩度(du)(du)轉折(zhe)(zhe),至(zhi)(zhi)—單(dan)拱(gong)石(shi)橋(qiao),石(shi)橋(qiao)橫臥澗(jian)溪之上(shang),名“鴻漸橋(qiao)”,陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)字(zi)鴻漸,是為(wei)紀念這位(wei)(wei)“茶(cha)圣”發現(xian)此(ci)(ci)(ci)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)而(er)(er)設。立于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)橋(qiao)上(shang),谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)全景式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立體(ti)畫面(mian)展現(xian)在人(ren)們面(mian)前(qian)(qian)-過(guo)(guo)橋(qiao),巖石(shi)上(shang)又(you)立一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),名“仰(yang)止(zhi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)”,六(liu)角六(liu)柱(zhu)(zhu),分上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)兩層(ceng),雙檐飛(fei)(fei)翹,下(xia)(xia)(xia)層(ceng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)護欄(lan),欄(lan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)條凳,另辟石(shi)階(jie)至(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)層(ceng),四周設腰欄(lan),有(you)(you)(you)(you)月(yue)形(xing)竹聯一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)副:“谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)醉桃花(hua)(hua)源(yuan);仰(yang)止(zhi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)懷陸(lu)(lu)羽(yu)(yu)仙”,竹聯為(wei)鵝黃色(se),與(yu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棕(zong)褐色(se)形(xing)成鮮明反差,極(ji)為(wei)醒目(mu)。橋(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方,怪(guai)石(shi)嶙峋(xun),水(shui)(shui)行(xing)其間,激浪飛(fei)(fei)濺。再下(xia)(xia)(xia),則一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深潭,相(xiang)對靜(jing)謐溫順,水(shui)(shui)溢潭外,復又(you)奔(ben)騰咆哮。潭壁有(you)(you)(you)(you)“高山(shan)(shan)流水(shui)(shui)”、“到此(ci)(ci)(ci)無塵”、“聽瀑(pu)”、“轟鳴(ming)不(bu)息”等石(shi)刻(ke)。瀑(pu)崖高數(shu)十(shi)米,寬十(shi)幾米,崖壁腹部(bu)(bu)平整(zheng)稍凸(tu),逐使飛(fei)(fei)瀑(pu)能依(yi)壁而(er)(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)形(xing)成“簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”式(shi)結構(gou),“簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”與(yu)“簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”之間,以(yi)水(shui)(shui)柱(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)隔,初分五(wu)(wu)道(dao),至(zhi)(zhi)中部(bu)(bu),復成七(qi)道(dao),中無空隙,形(xing)成統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”體(ti)。又(you)因泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)流下(xia)(xia)(xia)瀉迅疾(ji),互相(xiang)磨擦碰(peng)撞,進發出(chu)千萬顆微型粒狀水(shui)(shui)珠,故人(ren)們稱其為(wei)“谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)簾(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”,十(shi)分形(xing)象而(er)(er)生動地概括(kuo)了這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)奇觀(guan)。其左側崖壁刻(ke)“天下(xia)(xia)(xia)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”五(wu)(wu)個大(da)字(zi),實在是為(wei)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)奇觀(guan)壯色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神來(lai)之筆。從美(mei)學角度(du)(du)看,在觀(guan)瀑(pu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)觀(guan)瀑(pu),有(you)(you)(you)(you)迷離(li)朦(meng)朧(long)之美(mei);在石(shi)橋(qiao)觀(guan)瀑(pu),直面(mian)巨瀑(pu)飛(fei)(fei)流奔(ben)瀉而(er)(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia),則有(you)(you)(you)(you)雄奇豪放之美(mei);立于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)仰(yang)止(zhi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)上(shang)層(ceng)觀(guan)瀑(pu),有(you)(you)(you)(you)淋漓(li)通暢之美(mei);而(er)(er)坐于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)仰(yang)止(zhi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)下(xia)(xia)(xia)層(ceng),身(shen)倚欄(lan)桿,悠閑(xian)仰(yang)觀(guan),則又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)飄(piao)逸飛(fei)(fei)動之美(mei)。人(ren)與(yu)自然,在此(ci)(ci)(ci)達到高度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和諧統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。
門市(shi)價(jia):30元,30元為(wei)桃花源(yuan)谷簾泉門票,桃花源(yuan)漂流票價(jia)126元。
從九(jiu)江市長途(tu)汽(qi)(qi)車站乘(cheng)汽(qi)(qi)車到(dao)(dao)星子縣汽(qi)(qi)車站,再在星子汽(qi)(qi)車站坐星子到(dao)(dao)沙(sha)河(九(jiu)江縣)的班(ban)車在桃花(hua)源下,看見牌(pai)坊往里走(zou)200米即可到(dao)(dao)達。