介橋村位于分(fen)宜縣城南面,北距縣城中心(xin)區(qu)2公里,南臨(lin)仙女湖風景名(ming)勝(sheng)區(qu),北接(jie)天工大道直接(jie)滬昆高速公路(lu)分(fen)宜出(chu)入口(kou)僅3.5公里。全村現有人口(kou)1800余人,九成以(yi)上屬嚴(yan)姓(xing)。
介橋(qiao)村保留(liu)著連片(pian)明清贛派(pai)建(jian)筑,村里現有毓慶(qing)堂、進士第、大夫第、余慶(qing)堂等古建(jian)筑保存完好。
介橋(qiao)村為(wei)一代權臣(chen)嚴嵩的(de)故里(li),歷(li)史悠(you)久,聲名遠揚(yang),素有(you)“方伯(bo)世家(jia)”、“八世一品(pin)”的(de)美稱。2009年(nian)6月被省(sheng)人民政府認定為(wei)“江(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)名村”,2010年(nian)3月被評(ping)為(wei)國(guo)家(jia)“AA”級風景名勝區。2018年(nian)11月,獲得中(zhong)國(guo)生(sheng)態文(wen)化(hua)協(xie)會(hui)“2018年(nian)全(quan)國(guo)生(sheng)態文(wen)化(hua)村”榮譽稱號(hao)。
介橋村內尚存(cun)的歷(li)史古(gu)跡有毓慶(qing)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、瑞竹堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、時中堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、進笏堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、愛(ai)新堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、世德堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、進士第(di)、科甲第(di)等古(gu)建筑群,毓慶(qing)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)內還保存(cun)著嘉靖帝手(shou)書(shu)、嚴嵩手(shou)書(shu)的原制匾(bian)額等文物,均有很高的歷(li)史價值。
村中古(gu)建筑大多(duo)建與明清,錯(cuo)落有致‘宛如(ru)迷宮,古(gu)磚與青苔相稱顏色分明,可惜很多(duo)由(you)于(yu)無人居住破敗不(bu)堪(kan),具有一定的文(wen)(wen)化價值,現已認定為文(wen)(wen)物進行保(bao)護。
(不在村內):
分(fen)宜(yi)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),又名萬(wan)歲橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),俗稱東門(men)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),橫亙于(yu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)余(yu)市(shi)分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)鈐陽湖南部(bu),新(xin)(xin)(xin)余(yu)市(shi)分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內,全長(chang)384米(mi),通(tong)寬(kuan)7.68米(mi),是一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)擁(yong)有11孔的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大型石(shi)(shi)(shi)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),也是古分(fen)宜(yi)城(cheng)通(tong)往南方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要通(tong)道。嘉(jia)靖三(san)十五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1556年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),明軍進剿倭寇(kou)取(qu)(qu)得重(zhong)大勝利,寇(kou)首(shou)相(xiang)繼落網,一(yi)(yi)時獻俘京師,君臣同賀!趁著(zhu)這(zhe)(zhe)喜慶(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣氛,分(fen)宜(yi)百(bai)姓通(tong)過(guo)嚴(yan)世(shi)蕃致(zhi)函其(qi)父(fu)嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song),傾訴因(yin)為城(cheng)東清源(yuan)古渡浮(fu)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經常(chang)損毀所帶來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不便,請(qing)求(qiu)改建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)概然允諾(nuo),一(yi)(yi)面派嚴(yan)世(shi)蕃趕回分(fen)宜(yi),在清源(yuan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)渡東邊選定橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)址;一(yi)(yi)面親赴江(jiang)浙考察橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)型,聘請(qing)工匠,購置石(shi)(shi)(shi)料(liao),以(yi)大船裝至(zhi)樟(zhang)樹,再換(huan)裝小船溯袁河運回分(fen)宜(yi)。整(zheng)個工程始于(yu)該(gai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九(jiu)月(yue),次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六月(yue)竣工。耗銀二萬(wan)余(yu)兩(liang)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)落成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后,取(qu)(qu)名為萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。據(ju)嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)撰寫《分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)記(ji)(ji)》所載:“斯(si)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)曰:‘萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)’以(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)忘(wang)天子(zi)之(zhi)恩(en),以(yi)仰祝萬(wan)壽(shou)與天地相(xiang)為無(wu)(wu)(wu)窮焉!”從(cong)構造上(shang)看(kan),萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)可分(fen)為面、身(shen)(shen)、基三(san)部(bu)分(fen)。橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)基由10座(zuo)千枚(mei)巖(yan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)壘砌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)墩(dun)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),每墩(dun)皆嵌有風(feng)格粗獷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸水(shui)獸。從(cong)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)墩(dun)迎水(shui)面呈錐狀(zhuang)尖(jian)挺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)水(shui)金剛雁翅(chi)墩(dun),既奇(qi)偉挺拔,予(yu)人以(yi)藝術上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)審美悅感;又分(fen)滔析浪(lang),減(jian)緩了(le)(le)河水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖力,巧妙地發揮(hui)了(le)(le)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)基的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自我保(bao)護(hu)功能,使得橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)休(xiu)經歷(li)四百(bai)三(san)十三(san)個春秋(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)風(feng)雨雨而(er)安然無(wu)(wu)(wu)恙。橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)面寬(kuan)闊(kuo)平整(zheng),鋪著(zhu)大青(qing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban),兩(liang)翼護(hu)以(yi)望柱與欄(lan)(lan)(lan)板(ban)連環相(xiang)扣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)欄(lan)(lan)(lan)桿(gan),欄(lan)(lan)(lan)板(ban)上(shang)琢以(yi)珍禽怪(guai)獸和奇(qi)花異草,欄(lan)(lan)(lan)桿(gan)兩(liang)端(duan)銜有兩(liang)對(dui)抱鼓石(shi)(shi)(shi),恰好與橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)對(dui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)獅背脊(ji)相(xiang)對(dui),而(er)在橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)北(bei)約(yue)五百(bai)步處,有一(yi)(yi)尊石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕(diao)赑(bi)屃(xi),(傳(chuan)說中(zhong)龜石(shi)(shi)(shi)。相(xiang)傳(chuan)龍生九(jiu)子(zi),其(qi)中(zhong)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)叫赑(bi)屃(xi),形(xing)似龜,力大無(wu)(wu)(wu)比,好負重(zhong)。舊時大石(shi)(shi)(shi)碑(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)座(zuo)多雕(diao)刻成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)赑(bi)屃(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀(zhuang))馱(tuo)著(zhu)高2米(mi)、寬(kuan)1米(mi)、厚0.3米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)記(ji)(ji)》碑(bei)。清順治(zhi)十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1656年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)曾(ceng)孫(sun)──參將嚴(yan)云從(cong)重(zhong)建(jian)碑(bei)亭。乾隆七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1742年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)側石(shi)(shi)(shi)欄(lan)(lan)(lan)傾移(yi),分(fen)宜(yi)介橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)嚴(yan)姓合族重(zhong)修。1921年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)集資(zi)重(zhong)修第三(san)孔。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)南第四墩(dun)塌(ta)石(shi)(shi)(shi)過(guo)半,分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)參議會(hui)撥款(kuan)100萬(wan)元修繕(shan)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)興建(jian)江(jiang)口水(shui)庫,分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)喬遷新(xin)(xin)(xin)址,萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)便同老縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)被淹沒了(le)(le)!后來(lai)(lai),為了(le)(le)勘測或通(tong)航的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)便利,有人將跨度14.4米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)炸(zha)毀。令人欣慰地是:每當(dang)枯水(shui)季節(jie),萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)那悠長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)軀便全然探出水(shui)面,這(zhe)(zhe)種海(hai)市(shi)蜃樓般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)妙趣,這(zhe)(zhe)種飽經滄桑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘缺之(zhi)美,使之(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為游客竟相(xiang)憑(ping)吊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勝地!1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)17日,出席“嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)與明代政治(zhi)學(xue)術討論會(hui)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國外外學(xue)者,慕(mu)名游覽了(le)(le)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。筆者作為其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)份子(zi),也有幸一(yi)(yi)飽眼福(fu)。學(xue)者們或三(san)五成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)群,竊竊私語;或獨步橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)頭,憑(ping)欄(lan)(lan)(lan)長(chang)嘯,似乎都(dou)在以(yi)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式來(lai)(lai)抒發心中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)懷古幽情,回味它(ta)及(ji)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)造者往日的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵夢!
(不再村內(nei)):嚴嵩洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)位于(yu)新余(yu)市分宜(yi)縣西南十里,袁河之濱(bin),在群山竟(jing)秀之中,深邃石(shi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),入其洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),觀其景,狀(zhuang)其形(xing),附以情,真有這種夢中游的味道。內(nei)有石(shi)室(shi)十七,石(shi)穴七十二,內(nei)有石(shi)倉、石(shi)閣、石(shi)磨之類,晉(jin)、宋人(ren)(ren)在深邃處有題(ti)字。除第一(yi)室(shi)外,其他各室(shi)、穴窈邃幽暗,沒有照(zhao)明不能進去。四壁疊石(shi)險削嵯峨(e),空間由(you)下而(er)上漸漸縮小(xiao),像個(ge)倒豎漏(lou)斗。到(dao)上約十來丈頂(ding)端,只剩一(yi)個(ge)小(xiao)孔,漏(lou)出一(yi)線日光。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)之頂(ding),還有一(yi)個(ge)小(xiao)洪(hong)陽洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)非常狹(xia)隘,里面卻豁然曠廣,可容千余(yu)人(ren)(ren)。古(gu)人(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)它為“古(gu)今(jin)勝跡”。這個(ge)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),當(dang)地人(ren)(ren)叫(jiao)嚴嵩洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),而(er)舊志稱(cheng)之為洪(hong)陽洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。說它是(shi)(shi)洪(hong)陽洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),是(shi)(shi)說東晉(jin)道家葛(ge)洪(hong)、婁(lou)陽二人(ren)(ren)曾先后(hou)在這洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)里修(xiu)煉過(guo),便(bian)取(qu)二人(ren)(ren)名(ming)字而(er)名(ming)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。
毓(yu)(yu)慶(qing)(qing)堂(tang)位(wei)于中(zhong)國江(jiang)西省(sheng)新(xin)(xin)馀市(shi)分(fen)(fen)宜縣介橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun),從(cong)初建至今大(da)約有(you)六百(bai)多年(nian)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)。二○○五年(nian)四月(yue)新(xin)(xin)余市(shi)人(ren)民政府公布(bu)毓(yu)(yu)慶(qing)(qing)堂(tang)為市(shi)級文物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)。其由介橋(qiao)(qiao)嚴氏(shi)第(di)九代世(shi)祖嚴仲(zhong)恭所創建,至今有(you)600多年(nian)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi),曾經過三次縮前(qian)(qian)(qian)擴(kuo)后地大(da)修。毓(yu)(yu)慶(qing)(qing)堂(tang)分(fen)(fen)上(shang)下(xia)三進,其中(zhong)中(zhong)進、上(shang)進廳(ting)基本保留(liu)(liu)古(gu)跡原貌,地下(xia)的(de)(de)方磚和(he)廳(ting)中(zhong)的(de)(de)木柱均為古(gu)跡。上(shang)進經過仿古(gu)修繕基本還原了上(shang)世(shi)紀50年(nian)代以前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)模(mo)樣。毓(yu)(yu)慶(qing)(qing)堂(tang)外墻(qiang)門樓,上(shang)書“方伯世(shi)家”,兩側為清乾(qian)隆朝宰(zai)相朱軾考(kao)察(cha)介橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)時(shi)留(liu)(liu)下(xia)的(de)(de)一副楹(ying)聯:“介水流(liu)長,連綿甲第(di)金甌固(gu);笏(hu)峰俊秀,璀璨(can)人(ren)文玉樹芳”。據老人(ren)們介紹,在1944年(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian),毓(yu)(yu)慶(qing)(qing)堂(tang)內(nei)僅牌匾就(jiu)有(you)124塊之多。明朝永樂年(nian)間(jian)以來(lai)遺留(liu)(liu)下(xia)來(lai)的(de)(de)大(da)量文物(wu)古(gu)跡,都懸(xuan)掛在此。其中(zhong)包(bao)括嘉(jia)靖御筆,史(shi)(shi)可法、劉統勛、袁(yuan)世(shi)凱(kai)、戴季陶等(deng)(deng)歷史(shi)(shi)名人(ren)的(de)(de)真跡,“藩侯官邸”、“宰(zai)相神(shen)龕”、“廉石”以及朝廷誥封、名流(liu)楹(ying)聯等(deng)(deng)。
近兩年,在嚴嵩研(yan)究會的(de)捐(juan)資修(xiu)(xiu)復及(ji)大(da)力尋訪(fang)下,上進古(gu)祠得以復原,20多塊古(gu)牌(pai)匾(bian)被重(zhong)新(xin)找回。修(xiu)(xiu)復后的(de)毓慶堂上進廳除保(bao)持1949年前(qian)的(de)紅漆木(mu)門、毓慶堂門額、嚴孟(meng)衡嚴嵩嚴云從(cong)三人進士牌(pai)匾(bian)、舉(ju)人牌(pai)匾(bian)等(deng)原貌外,還(huan)新(xin)增了介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)村史、介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)八(ba)景等(deng)20幅鎦金鐫刻(ke)圖(tu)。
位(wei)(wei)于(yu)毓(yu)慶堂后的(de)(de)(de)是嚴嵩(song)史料館,內有嚴嵩(song)像(xiang)、嚴嵩(song)手跡及有關文物、碑刻(ke)100塊,記錄(lu)了(le)他一(yi)生87年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)里為官之(zhi)(zhi)后每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)每月每日的(de)(de)(de)事跡。嚴嵩(song)生于(yu)憲宗成化十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1480年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),卒于(yu)世(shi)宗嘉靖四(si)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1566年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),字惟中(zhong)(zhong),號介(jie)溪,別號勉庵(an),時稱嚴分(fen)宜(yi),位(wei)(wei)居(ju)明(ming)朝(chao)輔臣(chen)20多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),一(yi)生經歷(li)明(ming)朝(chao)五代皇帝(di)。他5歲入私塾,8歲有神童之(zhi)(zhi)名,19歲中(zhong)(zhong)舉(ju),26歲中(zhong)(zhong)進士(shi)并(bing)入翰林(lin)院任侍讀,63歲拜相入閣,83歲退(tui)休(xiu)回歸(gui)故(gu)里,86歲遭遇兒殺抄家(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)難,享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)87歲。其一(yi)生的(de)(de)(de)生、死(si)、鈐山隱讀等重要時刻(ke)的(de)(de)(de)共40年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時間(jian),是在分(fen)宜(yi)度過的(de)(de)(de)。著有《鈐山堂集(ji)》、《南宮奏議》、《歷(li)官表奏》、《嘉靖奏對錄(lu)》、《直廬(lu)稿》等近200萬字的(de)(de)(de)書稿。
有(you)(you)601年(nian)歷史。據傳為嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)(song)上溯第七(qi)代祖(zu)所(suo)創建,距今已有(you)(you)600多年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)歷史。因房前有(you)(you)一(yi)片秀美可觀的(de)(de)(de)竹林,嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)(song)曾專(zhuan)門(men)為此(ci)寫(xie)過一(yi)文(wen)——《瑞竹園記》,收錄(lu)在(zai)他的(de)(de)(de)《鈐山堂(tang)集》中。但(dan)令人(ren)遺憾的(de)(de)(de)是,目前瑞竹堂(tang)僅剩下這半堵斷墻(qiang)。就(jiu)在(zai)這堵兩米多高的(de)(de)(de)斷壁殘墻(qiang)上,存著一(yi)個至今未(wei)(wei)解的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)年(nian)之謎。在(zai)這堵斷墻(qiang)上,有(you)(you)一(yi)幅半身大(da)象(xiang)(xiang)雕塑(su)(su)。這幅雕塑(su)(su)十(shi)分精美,惟(wei)妙惟(wei)肖,如(ru)一(yi)頭大(da)象(xiang)(xiang)從門(men)外奔入(ru),剛進半個身子,兩腿和象(xiang)(xiang)鼻的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)態呼之欲出(chu)(chu),十(shi)分生動(dong),非一(yi)般(ban)民(min)間(jian)藝人(ren)所(suo)能為。眾所(suo)周知,在(zai)我國江南一(yi)帶是沒有(you)(you)象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de),人(ren)們也難看到象(xiang)(xiang),當地其他民(min)居建筑(zhu)上也均未(wei)(wei)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)圖畫和雕塑(su)(su),那為何在(zai)嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)故居處出(chu)(chu)現(xian)大(da)象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)雕塑(su)(su)呢(ni)?這與(yu)嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)(song)做內(nei)閣(ge)輔臣半夜直(值)廬受(shou)大(da)象(xiang)(xiang)襲擊有(you)(you)關嗎?
明嘉靖(jing)皇帝好齋醮(jiao)道(dao)教,移居西苑后內(nei)閣輔臣(chen)須輪(lun)班(ban)直(值)廬(lu),時刻(ke)準備傳喚詢問解答。嘉靖(jing)十九年(1540)農(nong)歷二月十五日深夜(ye),嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)正(zheng)在“直廬(lu)”當(dang)班(ban),忽然,一(yi)(yi)頭大象(xiang)撞(zhuang)破門闖了(le)進來(lai),圍著床(chuang)咆哮跺腳,情(qing)形十分危急。嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)嚇得坐(zuo)在床(chuang)上,心里默(mo)念著“渡漢江(jiang)事(shi)”(程(cheng)伊(yi)川的(de)一(yi)(yi)首詩(shi))。過了(le)很久,養象(xiang)的(de)人才趕(gan)來(lai)把象(xiang)牽走,一(yi)(yi)場(chang)虛驚總(zong)算過去。當(dang)夜(ye),嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)便寫下一(yi)(yi)首詩(shi)《紀象(xiang)入(ru)室事(shi)》:獨宿直廬(lu)逢象(xiang)斗,忽來(lai)入(ru)室繞床(chuang)鳴;平生(sheng)危險更嘗遍,事(shi)合驚時亦不驚。猛象(xiang)咆哮君合避(bi),只需屏(ping)息坐(zuo)帷中;江(jiang)舟(zhou)幾復(fu)心無(wu)怖,記(ji)取程(cheng)家(jia)主一(yi)(yi)翁。通過此詩(shi),可見這(zhe)件事(shi)在嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)中印象(xiang)十分深刻(ke)。這(zhe)大象(xiang)圖是(shi)否為事(shi)過幾年后,嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)重修(xiu)瑞竹堂時把它塑(su)在故(gu)居墻(qiang)上的(de)?幾百年后,嚴(yan)嵩(song)(song)故(gu)居墻(qiang)上的(de)大象(xiang)圖仍是(shi)個謎(mi),但關(guan)于(yu)大象(xiang)的(de)傳說至今仍讓人津津樂(le)道(dao)。
嚴氏(shi)祖公墓在村中(zhong)古樟下,是村中(zhong)唯一保護最完好的古跡。經過幾次重修,現已圍墻鐵門攔(lan)之,里面還存放了從嚴嵩曾(ceng)祖、祖父、父親墓前被人(ren)(ren)盜挖(wa)遺棄的漢白玉無頭石(shi)人(ren)(ren)石(shi)馬4座。
鳥(niao)聲啁啾、古(gu)(gu)樸(pu)蒼翠的宋元(yuan)古(gu)(gu)樟群是身處城郊介(jie)橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)獨有的風景(jing)。在(zai)(zai)上世紀(ji)70年代(dai),上海同濟大(da)(da)學著(zhu)名園林專家吳(wu)人偉專程(cheng)考察該村(cun)(cun)(cun)時,統(tong)計有40多棵。后來在(zai)(zai)修鐵路、建新房(fang)過程(cheng)中,遭受了幾次人為砍伐,現只存20多棵,最集中的樟樹群在(zai)(zai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)西村(cun)(cun)(cun)委會大(da)(da)院旁,最大(da)(da)最久(jiu)遠的是村(cun)(cun)(cun)南的“樟樹王”,有近(jin)千年歷(li)史。該樹最大(da)(da)直徑4.2米,樹冠避(bi)地(di)面積約1畝,要八九(jiu)個(ge)成人才能(neng)圍抱。村(cun)(cun)(cun)西古(gu)(gu)樟群曾(ceng)是嚴嵩曾(ceng)孫(sun)嚴云從反清復(fu)明時,回鄉組建勇士隊(dui)練兵用的哨院。
村內還有一口(kou)永不干涸的淺水古(gu)(gu)井(jing)。古(gu)(gu)井(jing)位于毓(yu)慶堂東北角200米處,與毓(yu)慶堂同(tong)建并與上進(jin)地底(di)下的泉(quan)塘(tang)相(xiang)連,兩旁凹陷(xian)的青石板上展(zhan)現著(zhu)它(ta)600多(duo)年(nian)的歷史。上世紀六七十年(nian)代周(zhou)邊環境水流(liu)良好時,還能看到從泉(quan)塘(tang)中游出的沒有曬(shai)過太陽的白鯰魚,使古(gu)(gu)井(jing)充滿了(le)神秘靈異色彩。周(zhou)圍還有與它(ta)同(tong)年(nian)代的八(ba)口(kou)古(gu)(gu)方塘(tang)及(ji)一條名(ming)曰“介(jie)溪”的小(xiao)溪流(liu)。
介(jie)橋村位于(yu)分宜縣(xian)城南面,北距縣(xian)城中心區(qu)2公(gong)里,南臨仙女湖(hu)風(feng)景名(ming)勝區(qu),北接天工大道直接滬昆高(gao)速公(gong)路(lu)分宜出入口僅(jin)3.5公(gong)里。介(jie)橋村靠近縣(xian)城,在縣(xian)城做(zuo)3路(lu)公(gong)交車即(ji)可直達(da)介(jie)橋路(lu)口。
分宜縣介(jie)(jie)橋村,坐(zuo)落于(yu)(yu)分宜縣城郊(jiao)東南(nan)角,背倚袁嶺,面臨省(sheng)道(dao)清萍公路。介(jie)(jie)橋又名介(jie)(jie)溪,“介(jie)(jie)橋”一名,最早(zao)見于(yu)(yu)五(wu)代時期(907年(nian)(nian)~960年(nian)(nian))毛(mao)文錫撰(zhuan)寫的《茶譜》“……袁州介(jie)(jie)橋其名甚(shen)著,不若湖州之(zhi)研膏、紫筍,烹(peng)之(zhi)有綠腳下……”
如今的(de)(de)(de)介橋(qiao)自然(ran)村(cun)(cun)幾乎都(dou)是與嚴(yan)嵩同族的(de)(de)(de)嚴(yan)姓后裔。據村(cun)(cun)中老人(ren)介紹,介橋(qiao)嚴(yan)氏(shi)始祖嚴(yan)季津于北宋元佑年間(1086年),從福建邵武(wu)來到袁(yuan)州(zhou)府今江西(xi)宜春市做官,而后定居袁(yuan)嶺北麓的(de)(de)(de)“打鐵坑(keng)”,即現(xian)在的(de)(de)(de)大連坑(keng)自然(ran)村(cun)(cun)。至(zhi)第四代(dai)嚴(yan)大華遷至(zhi)介橋(qiao)村(cun)(cun)西(xi)面的(de)(de)(de)坑(keng)頭,到第六代(dai)嚴(yan)洪伯(bo)才逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)現(xian)在的(de)(de)(de)介橋(qiao)村(cun)(cun),距今900多年。介橋(qiao)村(cun)(cun)曾一度(du)人(ren)文蔚起,歷代(dai)科甲蟬聯,英賢輩(bei)出。
2010年2月(yue),介橋村(cun)通過(guo)國家AA級風(feng)景區(qu)評審。
2021年1月11日(ri),入選第二(er)批江西省鄉村(cun)旅游(you)重點村(cun)。
介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)出過7名進(jin)士和20余位舉(ju)人(ren)(ren),明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)內閣首輔(fu)、大(da)學士嚴(yan)(yan)嵩也出自(zi)該村(cun)(cun)。介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)幾乎都是與(yu)嚴(yan)(yan)嵩同族的(de)(de)嚴(yan)(yan)姓后(hou)裔。據村(cun)(cun)中老人(ren)(ren)介(jie)(jie)紹,介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)嚴(yan)(yan)氏始(shi)祖嚴(yan)(yan)季津于北宋元佑年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(1086年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),從福建邵武(wu)來(lai)到袁州府(fu)今(jin)江西宜春市做官,而后(hou)定(ding)居袁嶺北麓的(de)(de)“打鐵坑”,即(ji)現在的(de)(de)大(da)連坑自(zi)然村(cun)(cun)。至(zhi)第四代嚴(yan)(yan)大(da)華遷至(zhi)介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)西面的(de)(de)坑頭(tou),到第六代嚴(yan)(yan)洪伯才逐漸形成現在的(de)(de)介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun),距(ju)今(jin)900多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)曾一(yi)度人(ren)(ren)文蔚起,歷代科甲蟬聯(lian),英賢輩(bei)出。介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)累(lei)計(ji)出了7個進(jin)士,其(qi)中嚴(yan)(yan)嵩一(yi)家就(jiu)有(you)3人(ren)(ren),即(ji)嚴(yan)(yan)嵩高祖嚴(yan)(yan)孟(meng)衡(heng)、嚴(yan)(yan)嵩、嚴(yan)(yan)嵩曾孫嚴(yan)(yan)云從。據《介(jie)(jie)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)嚴(yan)(yan)氏家譜》記載,在明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)科舉(ju)考試大(da)力(li)擴招的(de)(de)永樂十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1415年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))至(zhi)天啟(qi)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1621年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))的(de)(de)200年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間,當時(shi)全村(cun)(cun)八(ba)代男丁(ding)總數511人(ren)(ren)中,154人(ren)(ren)獲(huo)得(de)秀才以上稱號。因嚴(yan)(yan)嵩與(yu)其(qi)曾孫嚴(yan)(yan)云從都貴為一(yi)品(pin)隆及親人(ren)(ren),使獲(huo)得(de)一(yi)品(pin)官職或朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)誥(gao)封的(de)(de)達8人(ren)(ren)之多,所以該村(cun)(cun)又有(you)“八(ba)世一(yi)品(pin)”的(de)(de)美稱。
嚴嵩
嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)(1480-1567)字惟中,號勉庵、介溪(xi)、分(fen)宜(yi)等,漢族江(jiang)右民系,江(jiang)西新(xin)余市分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)人(ren),他是明朝重要(yao)權(quan)臣,擅專國政達20年之久,累(lei)進吏(li)部(bu)尚(shang)書(shu),謹身殿(dian)大學(xue)士、少傅兼太子太師(shi),少師(shi)、華蓋殿(dian)大學(xue)士。書(shu)法造詣深(shen),擅長(chang)(chang)寫青(qing)詞(ci)(實(shi)為(wei)其子嚴(yan)(yan)世(shi)藩(fan)代筆,嚴(yan)(yan)世(shi)藩(fan)極為(wei)擅長(chang)(chang)寫青(qing)詞(ci)),為(wei)中國歷(li)史上(shang)著名的(de)奸臣之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。(嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)雖(sui)在(zai)歷(li)史上(shang)名聲不好(hao),但(dan)在(zai)家鄉(xiang)分(fen)宜(yi)縣(xian)還是受人(ren)尊敬,這跟其在(zai)家鄉(xiang)做(zuo)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些善舉有(you)(you)關(guan)。至今有(you)(you)分(fen)宜(yi)本地學(xue)者認(ren)為(wei)嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)的(de)壞名聲有(you)(you)很大一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)是其在(zai)倒臺后被(bei)政敵所黑,其實(shi)大部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)兒(er)子嚴(yan)(yan)世(shi)蕃所為(wei))
嚴世蕃
嚴(yan)世(shi)蕃(1513—1565)號東樓,明朝嘉靖(jing)皇帝(di)的(de)首輔嚴(yan)嵩之子。嚴(yan)世(shi)蕃不是(shi)經過科舉走上(shang)仕(shi)途,而(er)是(shi)借他父親(qin)的(de)光,先(xian)入國子監讀書,后做官,累遷至尚(shang)寶司少卿和(he)工部(bu)左侍郎。據(ju)說,嚴(yan)嵩長得又高(gao)又瘦,眉目(mu)疏(shu)疏(shu),聲音又大又尖,很符合百姓心(xin)目(mu)中刻(ke)畫(hua)的(de)奸臣形象。可(ke)是(shi),嚴(yan)世(shi)蕃的(de)長相和(he)他爹(die)卻一點相似的(de)地方(fang)都沒有,“短(duan)項肥體”,果然是(shi)富(fu)家公子氣象,只是(shi)可(ke)惜一目(mu)失明。嚴(yan)世(shi)蕃奸猾機靈,通(tong)曉時務,熟悉國典,而(er)且還頗會揣摩別人(ren)的(de)心(xin)意。
嚴孟衡
嚴(yan)孟衡(1385-1446)字(zi)平(ping)(草字(zi)頭加奄),亦(yi)字(zi)衡中,嚴(yan)嵩(song)高(gao)祖是也(ye)。一(yi)生勤奮儉樸,剛正(zheng)不(bu)阿。他個子魁碩(shuo),秉性峻潔。他永樂九年(nian)中舉,十(shi)三年(nian)(公元1415年(nian))中進士。初授行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)司行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren),隨授山(shan)西道監察御中。他一(yi)身正(zheng)氣,按法辦(ban)事,一(yi)些(xie)(xie)朝廷大(da)官有不(bu)法行(xing)(xing)為(wei),敢于上蔬彈劾(he),故所在(zai)官吏不(bu)敢為(wei)非作歹,一(yi)些(xie)(xie)正(zheng)派的官員則慕其風(feng)采。
嚴云從
嚴(yan)(yan)云從分宜(yi)縣在科舉史上唯(wei)一中(zhong)選(xuan)的一位武進士。嚴(yan)(yan)云從是嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)的曾(ceng)孫,是嚴(yan)(yan)世蕃第(di)二(er)個兒子嚴(yan)(yan)紹庭(ting)的二(er)子,字伯龍。明萬歷16年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1599年(nian)(nian)(nian))七月(yue)二(er)十(shi)日(ri)出生,清初順治(zhi)帝(順治(zhi)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian))作《表(biao)忠(zhong)錄》褒楊繼盛之(zhi)忠(zhong)、斥(chi)嚴(yan)(yan)嵩(song)之(zhi)奸的第(di)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian),即(ji)公(gong)元1657年(nian)(nian)(nian)二(er)月(yue)二(er)十(shi)九(jiu)日(ri)就怨憾而逝,享年(nian)(nian)(nian)59歲。