《溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)條辨》,清代(dai)吳瑭(鞠通(tong)(tong))著(1798年(nian)),為(wei)溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)通(tong)(tong)論(lun)著作。該書在清代(dai)眾多溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)學(xue)家成就的基礎上,進一步(bu)建立了完全獨(du)立于傷(shang)寒的溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)學(xue)說體(ti)系(xi),創(chuang)立了三焦(jiao)辨證(zheng)綱領(ling),為(wei)溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)創(chuang)新理論(lun)之一。在溫(wen)(wen)邪易耗傷(shang)陰(yin)液思想的指導(dao)下,吳鞠通(tong)(tong)倡養陰(yin)保液之法(fa),并擬訂了層次分明的溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)治法(fa)方藥體(ti)系(xi),故《溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)條辨》被稱(cheng)為(wei)清代(dai)溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)學(xue)說標(biao)志(zhi)性著作。
《溫病(bing)(bing)條(tiao)(tiao)辨》仿《傷寒論(lun)》體例,分(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)列論(lun),以(yi)(yi)求簡要易誦(song),又(you)恐簡而不明,且(qie)免后(hou)(hou)人妄注,于(yu)是吳瑭在各條(tiao)(tiao)之下(xia)詳加辨析(xi)議論(lun),故以(yi)(yi)“條(tiao)(tiao)辨”命名(ming)。共6卷(juan)(juan),另有卷(juan)(juan)首1卷(juan)(juan)。卷(juan)(juan)首為(wei)(wei)“原病(bing)(bing)篇”,引(yin)《內經》以(yi)(yi)求溫病(bing)(bing)之原始。正(zheng)文(wen)前3卷(juan)(juan)為(wei)(wei)全書的中(zhong)心,專論(lun)溫病(bing)(bing)。此3卷(juan)(juan)依次分(fen)上、中(zhong)、下(xia)三焦(jiao)設立(li)篇目,分(fen)別(bie)論(lun)述三焦(jiao)溫病(bing)(bing),并出(chu)治法。卷(juan)(juan)4為(wei)(wei)“雜說”,論(lun)救逆及病(bing)(bing)后(hou)(hou)調治法。此后(hou)(hou)附“解產難”(論(lun)產后(hou)(hou)調治與產后(hou)(hou)驚(jing)(jing)風諸癥(zheng))、“解兒(er)難”(論(lun)小兒(er)急慢驚(jing)(jing)風痘癥(zheng)等(deng))二篇(原作(zuo)一(yi)卷(juan)(juan),后(hou)(hou)析(xi)為(wei)(wei)卷(juan)(juan)5、卷(juan)(juan)6)。
《溫病條(tiao)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)》最主要的成就在于吳氏建立(li)了(le)(le)完全獨立(li)于傷(shang)寒(han)的溫病學說體(ti)系,創(chuang)立(li)了(le)(le)三(san)(san)焦(jiao)(jiao)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)綱領,由(you)(you)上及(ji)下、由(you)(you)淺(qian)入深,旨在“認證(zheng)(zheng)無差”。吳氏認為(wei),傷(shang)寒(han)六經辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)都是(shi)由(you)(you)淺(qian)入深,但六經是(shi)由(you)(you)表入里,須橫看;三(san)(san)焦(jiao)(jiao)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)則由(you)(you)上入下,須豎看。兩種辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)系有對立(li)統一(yi)、一(yi)縱一(yi)橫之妙。從(cong)歷史發展的角度來看,該(gai)辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)系與張仲景傷(shang)寒(han)六經辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)、葉(xie)天士溫熱衛氣營血辨(bian)(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)理論互(hu)為(wei)羽(yu)翼,成為(wei)溫病創(chuang)新理論之一(yi)。
在治(zhi)法(fa)上,吳氏以(yi)溫邪易耗陰(yin)液為(wei)(wei)立法(fa)的依據,倡導養陰(yin)保液之法(fa),并據臨床實(shi)踐,提煉(lian)葉天士(shi)醫案溫病治(zhi)法(fa),化(hua)裁(cai)處方(fang),以(yi)切實(shi)用(yong)(yong)。如分出清絡、清營、育(yu)陰(yin)多種治(zhi)法(fa);又以(yi)銀翹散(san)為(wei)(wei)辛涼(liang)(liang)平劑,桑(sang)菊(ju)飲為(wei)(wei)辛涼(liang)(liang)輕劑,白虎湯為(wei)(wei)辛涼(liang)(liang)重劑,使溫病治(zhi)法(fa)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)層次清晰。
吳(wu)(wu)鞠通謂前(qian)賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)中,元代王(wang)履(安道)雖能辨證溫病(bing),但論之(zhi)(zhi)未詳(xiang);明末吳(wu)(wu)又可區分傷寒、溫病(bing),但立法(fa)欠(qian)精(jing)純;清代葉天士立論精(jing)細,但立法(fa)甚簡,皆(jie)未能透達圓滿。于是吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)取諸賢(xian)精(jing)妙,考(kao)之(zhi)(zhi)《內經》,參以個人心得,統論溫病(bing),而成此書。
吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)(1758—1836),字鞠(ju)通,淮陰(yin)(今屬江蘇)人。19歲時其父因(yin)病(bing)而死(si),傷痛之(zhi)(zhi)余,遂(sui)廣購方書(shu)(shu)。研讀(du)中見張仲景《傷寒論》序中有“外連榮勢,內忘身(shen)命”之(zhi)(zhi)論,因(yin)慨然棄舉子(zi)業(ye),專(zhuan)事醫術。4年后,其侄(zhi)子(zi)病(bing)溫(wen),隨后死(si)于(yu)(yu)發黃,這一(yi)刺激更堅定了吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)研究(jiu)溫(wen)病(bing)的(de)決心(xin)。又(you)過(guo)(guo)了3年,吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)至(zhi)京師,檢校《四庫全(quan)書(shu)(shu)》,得覽(lan)明季吳(wu)(wu)又(you)可《溫(wen)疫論》,于(yu)(yu)是專(zhuan)心(xin)于(yu)(yu)溫(wen)病(bing)診(zhen)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。經(jing)過(guo)(guo)10年的(de)鉆研,吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)已有很多心(xin)得,但(dan)從(cong)未敢(gan)輕易(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)療一(yi)人。乾隆五十八年(1793年),北(bei)京溫(wen)疫大行,吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)才(cai)一(yi)展身(shen)手,救治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)了數十人。長期的(de)閱讀(du)積(ji)累,又(you)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)成功的(de)臨(lin)床(chuang)實踐,吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)開始著書(shu)(shu)立說。嘉(jia)慶(qing)三年(1798年),吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)將書(shu)(shu)初步完成。直(zhi)到嘉(jia)慶(qing)甲子(zi)年(1804年),吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)將此(ci)書(shu)(shu)展示給(gei)友人徵保。再經(jing)過(guo)(guo)10年,書(shu)(shu)終告完成,并刊于(yu)(yu)嘉(jia)慶(qing)十八年(1813年)。
該書(shu)(shu)內容(rong)全面系(xi)統,理法方藥齊備,切合臨(lin)床實用,為清(qing)代(dai)溫病學說標志性專著,后(hou)世將此書(shu)(shu)視為中(zhong)醫(yi)“四大經(jing)典(dian)”之一(yi),作為中(zhong)醫(yi)必讀(du)之書(shu)(shu)。
《溫(wen)病(bing)條辨》由問(wen)心堂初刊于嘉慶十八年(nian)(1813年(nian)),此后翻印、增批評注近(jin)百(bai)次。
《溫(wen)(wen)病條辨》有多種現代校點(dian)本(ben),以道(dao)光(guang)十六年(nian)(1836年(nian))刊本(ben)為(wei)底本(ben),2007年(nian)張志(zhi)斌以嘉慶十八(ba)年(nian)(1813年(nian))問心堂初(chu)刊本(ben)為(wei)底本(ben)校點(dian)出版,收(shou)入《溫(wen)(wen)病大成》一書。書評(ping)、序(xu)言
天以五運六氣化(hua)生萬物,不(bu)能無過不(bu)及(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差,于(yu)(yu)是有六淫(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪(xie),非謂病寒(han)不(bu)病溫,病溫不(bu)病寒(han)也(ye)。后(hou)漢張仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景著《傷(shang)寒(han)論》,發(fa)明(ming)(ming)軒(xuan)岐(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奧(ao)旨,如(ru)(ru)日星河岳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)麗天地,任(ren)百世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鉆仰,而(er)(er)(er)義(yi)蘊仍未盡(jin)也(ye)。然(ran)其(qi)(qi)(qi)書(shu)(shu)專為(wei)(wei)(wei)傷(shang)寒(han)而(er)(er)(er)設,未嘗遍及(ji)于(yu)(yu)六淫(yin)也(ye)。奈后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)醫者(zhe)(zhe),以治傷(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,應無窮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian),勢必至(zhi)如(ru)(ru)鑿枘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)相入。至(zhi)明(ming)(ming)陶節(jie)庵《六書(shu)(shu)》,大改仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)者(zhe)(zhe),苦(ku)張之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)艱深,樂陶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)簡(jian)易,莫不(bu)奉(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)蓍蔡,而(er)(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)六淫(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪(xie),混而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi),其(qi)(qi)(qi)死于(yu)(yu)病者(zhe)(zhe)十(shi)(shi)二三(san),死于(yu)(yu)醫者(zhe)(zhe)十(shi)(shi)八九;而(er)(er)(er)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說,視如(ru)(ru)土(tu)苴矣。余來京師,獲(huo)交吳子鞠通,見其(qi)(qi)(qi)治疾,一(yi)以仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景為(wei)(wei)(wei)依歸,而(er)(er)(er)變(bian)化(hua)因心,不(bu)拘常格,往往神明(ming)(ming)于(yu)(yu)法之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,而(er)(er)(er)究不(bu)離乎法之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),非有得(de)于(yu)(yu)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)能。久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)(nai)出所(suo)(suo)著《溫病條(tiao)辨》七卷,自溫而(er)(er)(er)熱而(er)(er)(er)暑而(er)(er)(er)濕而(er)(er)(er)燥(zao),一(yi)一(yi)條(tiao)分縷析,莫不(bu)究其(qi)(qi)(qi)病之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)從生,推而(er)(er)(er)至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)終極;其(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)方也(ye)約而(er)(er)(er)精,其(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)論也(ye)閎以肆,俾二千(qian)余年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)塵霧,豁然(ran)一(yi)開。昔人謂仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景為(wei)(wei)(wei)軒(xuan)岐(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功臣(chen),鞠通亦(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功臣(chen)也(ye)。余少時頗有志于(yu)(yu)醫,年逾(yu)四十(shi)(shi),始(shi)知其(qi)(qi)(qi)難,乃(nai)(nai)廢(fei)然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)返。今讀鞠通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu),目識心融,若有牗其(qi)(qi)(qi)明(ming)(ming)而(er)(er)(er)啟(qi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)秘者(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)誠學(xue)醫者(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)大快事(shi)哉!爰不(bu)辭而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)。
嘉慶辛(xin)未(wei)四(si)月既望寶應朱彬(bin)序
溫病條辨汪敘
昔淳于(yu)公有(you)言(yan)(yan):人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)病(bing)(bing),病(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)多(duo)(duo)(duo);醫(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)病(bing)(bing),病(bing)(bing)方(fang)(fang)少。夫(fu)病(bing)(bing)多(duo)(duo)(duo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)方(fang)(fang)少,未(wei)有(you)甚于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)矣!何也(ye)(ye)(ye)?六(liu)氣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),君相(xiang)二(er)火無(wu)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)已(yi),風(feng)濕與燥,無(wu)不兼(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen),惟(wei)(wei)寒(han)水(shui)與溫(wen)(wen)(wen)相(xiang)反(fan),然(ran)(ran)傷(shang)寒(han)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)必病(bing)(bing)熱,天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing),孰有(you)多(duo)(duo)(duo)于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)乎?方(fang)(fang)書(shu)(shu)始于(yu)仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing),仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu)專論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)傷(shang)寒(han),此六(liu)氣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)氣耳(er)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)兼(jian)言(yan)(yan)風(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦有(you)兼(jian)言(yan)(yan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),然(ran)(ran)所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)風(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),寒(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng),所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),寒(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)書(shu)(shu)本(ben)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)傷(shang)寒(han)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余五(wu)氣,概未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji),是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)世(shi)無(wu)傳焉。雖(sui)然(ran)(ran),作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)圣(sheng),述者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)明(ming),學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)誠能(neng)究其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文,通(tong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)義,化而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)裁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),推而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)氣可(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)內傷(shang)可(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。亡如(ru),世(shi)鮮知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才士(shi)(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)闕如(ru)為(wei)恥,不能(neng)舉(ju)一(yi)(yi)反(fan)三,惟(wei)(wei)務按圖索驥。蓋自(zi)(zi)(zi)叔和(he)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)下,大約皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)傷(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,療六(liu)氣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疴,御風(feng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)絺,指(zhi)鹿為(wei)馬(ma),迨試而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)輒困,亦知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。因而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)沿習(xi)故方(fang)(fang),略(lve)變藥味,沖和(he)、解(jie)肌諸(zhu)湯,紛然(ran)(ran)著錄。至陶氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu)出(chu),遂居(ju)然(ran)(ran)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)杜撰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)傷(shang)寒(han),治(zhi)(zhi)天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)氣,不獨仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu)所(suo)(suo)未(wei)言(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不能(neng)發明(ming),并仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)已(yi)定之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu),盡遭竄易。世(shi)俗(su)樂其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)淺(qian)近(jin),相(xiang)與宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禍亟矣!又有(you)吳(wu)(wu)又可(ke)(ke)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),著《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)疫論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)》,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)本(ben)治(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)時(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)疫,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)世(shi)誤以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)常候之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)熱。最后(hou)(hou)若(ruo)方(fang)(fang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)、喻嘉言(yan)(yan)諸(zhu)子(zi),雖(sui)列溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)于(yu)傷(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)治(zhi)(zhi)法則(ze)終未(wei)離乎傷(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。惟(wei)(wei)金(jin)源劉河間守真氏(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),獨知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱病(bing)(bing),超出(chu)諸(zhu)家,所(suo)(suo)著《六(liu)書(shu)(shu)》,分三焦論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)治(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不墨守六(liu)經,庶幾幽室一(yi)(yi)燈,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流一(yi)(yi)柱。惜其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)樸而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)少文,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)簡而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)暢(chang),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)時(shi)亦雜而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不精(jing),承其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),又不能(neng)闡明(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)意(yi),裨(bi)補其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疏(shu),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)下士(shi)(shi)聞(wen)道,若(ruo)張景(jing)岳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒,方(fang)(fang)且(qie)怪而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)訾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),于(yu)是其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)學不明(ming),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)說不行(xing)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俗(su)醫(yi),遇(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)熱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing),無(wu)不首先(xian)(xian)發表(biao),雜以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)消導(dao),繼則(ze)峻投(tou)攻下,或妄用(yong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)補,輕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)重(zhong),重(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)死,幸免則(ze)自(zi)(zi)(zi)謂(wei)己(ji)功,致死則(ze)不言(yan)(yan)己(ji)過(guo)。即(ji)病(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦但(dan)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)膏(gao)肓(huang)難挽(wan),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不悟藥石殺(sha)人(ren),父以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)授子(zi),師以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)傳弟,舉(ju)世(shi)同(tong)風(feng),牢不可(ke)(ke)破(po),肺腑無(wu)語,冤(yuan)鬼(gui)夜嗥,二(er)千余年(nian),略(lve)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)轍(che),可(ke)(ke)勝慨哉!我(wo)朝治(zhi)(zhi)洽學明(ming),名賢(xian)輩(bei)出(chu),咸知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溯原《靈》、《素》,問道長沙。自(zi)(zi)(zi)吳(wu)(wu)人(ren)葉天士(shi)(shi)氏(shi)《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)》、《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)續論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)》出(chu),然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)當(dang)名辨物,好學之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi),咸知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)向方(fang)(fang),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)貪常習(xi)故之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流,猶(you)且(qie)各是師說,惡聞(wen)至論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)粗工(gong)則(ze)又略(lve)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)節,未(wei)達精(jing)旨,施之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)用(yong),罕得(de)十(shi)全。吾友(you)鞠通(tong)吳(wu)(wu)子(zi),懷救世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),秉超悟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哲,嗜學不厭,研理(li)務精(jing),抗志以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)希古人(ren),虛心(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)師百氏(shi),病(bing)(bing)斯(si)(si)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貿貿也(ye)(ye)(ye),述先(xian)(xian)賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)格(ge)言(yan)(yan),攄(shu)生平(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)得(de),窮(qiong)源竟(jing)委,作為(wei)是書(shu)(shu),然(ran)(ran)猶(you)未(wei)敢(gan)自(zi)(zi)(zi)信,且(qie)懼(ju)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)信之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye),藏諸(zhu)笥者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。予謂(wei)學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),固無(wu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)信時(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye),然(ran)(ran)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天下至多(duo)(duo)(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)竟(jing)無(wu)應病(bing)(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang),幸而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亟宜出(chu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),譬如(ru)拯溺救焚,豈(qi)待整冠束(shu)發,況乎心(xin)理(li)無(wu)異(yi),大道不孤,是書(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)出(chu),子(zi)云其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren),必當(dang)旦(dan)暮遇(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),且(qie)將有(you)闡明(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)意(yi),裨(bi)補其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疏(shu),使夭札之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民,咸登仁壽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此天下后(hou)(hou)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幸,亦吳(wu)(wu)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幸也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)夫(fu)折楊(yang)皇荂(kua),聽(ting)然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)笑,陽春白(bai)雪,和(he)僅(jin)數人(ren),自(zi)(zi)(zi)古如(ru)斯(si)(si),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)我(wo)罪我(wo),一(yi)(yi)任(ren)當(dang)世(shi),豈(qi)不善乎!吳(wu)(wu)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)然(ran)(ran),遂相(xiang)與評騭而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)授之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梓(zi)。
嘉慶十七年壯月既望同里弟汪廷珍謹序(xu)
溫病條辨徵序
立(li)(li)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),曰陰與(yu)陽,立(li)(li)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),曰柔(rou)與(yu)剛(gang),立(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),曰仁(ren)與(yu)義。醫(yi),仁(ren)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),而(er)(er)(er)(er)必智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)先之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),勇(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)副之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),仁(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)到(dao),湯液針灸任施,無(wu)處不(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang);否則鹵(lu)莽不(bu)(bu)(bu)經,草菅民命矣。獨是聰明(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)予(yu)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)雄,涉(she)獵(lie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)穿鑿(zao)為(wei)(wei)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),皆(jie)非(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。必也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)博(bo)覽載籍,上下古(gu)(gu)(gu)今(jin),目如電,心如發(fa)(fa)(fa),智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)乎萬物,而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)濟天下也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。在(zai)(zai)昔有(you)(you)(you)熊御極,生而(er)(er)(er)(er)神靈(ling),猶師(shi)資于僦貸季、岐伯,而(er)(er)(er)(er)《內經》作(zuo)。周(zhou)秦而(er)(er)(er)(er)降,代有(you)(you)(you)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。東漢長(chang)沙(sha)而(er)(er)(er)(er)外,能(neng)徑窺(kui)軒岐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壺奧者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),指不(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)屈。外是纚一(yi)(yi)家言(yan),爭著為(wei)(wei)書(shu),曾(ceng)未(wei)(wei)見長(chang)沙(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)項背者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)比比。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)醫(yi)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖,必推(tui)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景(jing),而(er)(er)(er)(er)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang),首重傷(shang)寒(han)(han),人(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。自(zi)(zi)晉王叔和編(bian)次《傷(shang)寒(han)(han)論》,則割裂附(fu)會矣。王好古(gu)(gu)(gu)輩著《傷(shang)寒(han)(han)續編(bian)》、《傷(shang)寒(han)(han)類證(zheng)》等(deng)書(shu),俗眼易明(ming),人(ren)(ren)(ren)多(duo)便之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。金元(yuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou),所(suo)(suo)(suo)謂仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),日(ri)(ri)晦一(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)。嗟夫!晚近庸質,不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景(jing),寧(ning)(ning)識傷(shang)寒(han)(han)?不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)傷(shang)寒(han)(han),寧(ning)(ning)識溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病?遂至以(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)寒(han)(han)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)治(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。自(zi)(zi)唐宋迄今(jin),千古(gu)(gu)(gu)一(yi)(yi)轍,何勝(sheng)浩嘆!然(ran)則其法(fa)(fa)當(dang)何如?日(ri)(ri):天地陰陽,日(ri)(ri)月水(shui)火,罔非(fei)對待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理,人(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)(zi)習焉(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)察;《內經》平列六氣(qi),人(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)解耳。傷(shang)寒(han)(han)為(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa),法(fa)(fa)在(zai)(zai)救陽;溫(wen)(wen)(wen)熱為(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa),法(fa)(fa)在(zai)(zai)救陰。明(ming)明(ming)兩大法(fa)(fa)門,豈可張冠李(li)戴耶!假令(ling)長(chang)沙(sha)復(fu)起,必不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)傷(shang)寒(han)(han)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。仆(pu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敏(min),年少力學(xue)(xue),搜(sou)求(qiu)經史之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu),偶及方(fang)書(shu),心竊為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怦(peng)怦(peng),自(zi)(zi)謂為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)子者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)當(dang)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),然(ran)有(you)(you)(you)志(zhi)焉(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)(wei)逮(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。乾隆丁未(wei)(wei)春,萱堂弗(fu)豫,即以(yi)(yi)(yi)時溫(wen)(wen)(wen)見背。悲憤余(yu)生,無(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)贖(shu),誓必欲(yu)精于此(ci)道(dao)。廬墓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,環列近代醫(yi)書(shu),朝研(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)夕究,茫茫無(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)明(ming)。求(qiu)諸師(shi)友(you),瀏覽名家,冀有(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)啟迪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),則所(suo)(suo)(suo)知(zhi)惟糟粕。上溯而(er)(er)(er)(er)及于漢唐,洊(jian)至《靈(ling)樞(shu)》、《素(su)問》諸經,捧讀(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu),往往聲與(yu)淚俱。久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)別(bie)有(you)(you)(you)會心,十年而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou),汨汨焉(yan)若心花(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漫開,覺古(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)原非(fei)愚(yu)我,我自(zi)(zi)愚(yu)耳。離經泥古(gu)(gu)(gu),厥罪惟均,讀(du)書(shu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)貴,得間后(hou)可。友(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)吳子鞠(ju)通,通儒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)穎悟(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才,而(er)(er)(er)(er)好古(gu)(gu)(gu)敏(min)求(qiu),其學(xue)(xue)醫(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi),略同于仆(pu),近師(shi)承于葉氏,而(er)(er)(er)(er)遠追蹤乎仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)。其臨(lin)證(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),雖(sui)遇危(wei)疾,不(bu)(bu)(bu)避(bi)嫌(xian)怨。其處方(fang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),一(yi)(yi)遵《內經》,效法(fa)(fa)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)祖。其用藥(yao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),隨(sui)其證(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)輕(qing)重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)功若桴鼓。其殆智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)勇(yong),勇(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)哉!嘉(jia)慶甲(jia)子,出所(suo)(suo)(suo)著治(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)法(fa)(fa)示余(yu),余(yu)向(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急欲(yu)訂(ding)正者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),今(jin)乃發(fa)(fa)(fa)復(fu)析疑,力矯前(qian)(qian)非(fei),如撥云(yun)見日(ri)(ri),寧(ning)(ning)不(bu)(bu)(bu)快哉!閱十稔而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)告成,名曰《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病條辨》。末(mo)附(fu)三卷,其一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)條辨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)翼,余(yu)二卷約幼科、產(chan)后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大綱,皆(jie)前(qian)(qian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)六氣(qi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)致誤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)獨出心裁,發(fa)(fa)(fa)前(qian)(qian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)未(wei)(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)。嗚呼(hu)!昌黎有(you)(you)(you)云(yun):“莫(mo)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian),雖(sui)美弗(fu)彰(zhang);莫(mo)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),雖(sui)圣弗(fu)傳。”此(ci)編(bian)既出,將欲(yu)懸諸國門,以(yi)(yi)(yi)博(bo)彈射。積習之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難(nan)革者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),雖(sui)未(wei)(wei)必一(yi)(yi)時盡革,但(dan)能(neng)拾其緒(xu)余(yu),即可為(wei)(wei)蒼生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福。數百年后(hou),當(dang)必有(you)(you)(you)深識其用心者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)夫!然(ran)后(hou)知(zhi)此(ci)編(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羽翼長(chang)沙(sha),而(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)沙(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功臣,實亦有(you)(you)(you)熊氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功臣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是為(wei)(wei)序。
嘉慶癸酉仲秋谷(gu)旦蘇完愚(yu)弟(di)徵保拜書
問心堂(tang)溫病條辨自(zi)序
夫立(li)德立(li)功立(li)言,圣賢(xian)事也,塘(tang)何人(ren)斯,敢(gan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)自任?緣(yuan)塘(tang)十(shi)九歲(sui)時,父(fu)病(bing)年余(yu),至(zhi)(zhi)于不(bu)起(qi),塘(tang)愧恨難名,哀痛(tong)欲絕,以(yi)(yi)(yi)為父(fu)病(bing)不(bu)知醫(yi)(yi),尚復何顏(yan)立(li)天(tian)地(di)間,遂購方書,伏(fu)讀于苫(shan)塊之(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)。至(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)長(chang)沙(sha)“外逐(zhu)榮勢,內忘身命”之(zhi)(zhi)論(lun),因慨然棄舉子(zi)(zi)業,專事方術。越四載,猶(you)子(zi)(zi)巧(qiao)官(guan)病(bing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。初起(qi)喉痹,外科吹(chui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)冰硼散(san),喉遂閉,又(you)遍(bian)延諸(zhu)(zhu)時醫(yi)(yi)治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi),大抵(di)不(bu)越雙解散(san)、人(ren)參(can)敗毒散(san)之(zhi)(zhi)外,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)于溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)治(zhi)法(fa),茫(mang)乎未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)聞也,后(hou)至(zhi)(zhi)發黃而死(si)(si)(si)。塘(tang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)初學(xue),未(wei)敢(gan)妄(wang)贊一(yi)詞,然于是證,亦未(wei)得(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)要(yao)領(ling)。蓋(gai)(gai)張(zhang)長(chang)沙(sha)悲宗族之(zhi)(zhi)死(si)(si)(si),作《玉函經》,為后(hou)世醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)祖,奈《玉函》中之(zhi)(zhi)《卒病(bing)論(lun)》,亡于兵火,后(hou)世學(xue)者(zhe),無(wu)(wu)從仿效(xiao),遂至(zhi)(zhi)各(ge)起(qi)異(yi)說,得(de)(de)(de)不(bu)償失(shi)。又(you)越三載,來(lai)游京師,檢校《四庫全(quan)書》,得(de)(de)(de)明季吳又(you)可《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)疫論(lun)》,觀其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)議(yi)論(lun)宏闊,實(shi)有(you)(you)發前人(ren)所未(wei)發,遂專心(xin)學(xue)步焉。細察其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)法(fa),亦不(bu)免(mian)支(zhi)離駁(bo)雜(za),大抵(di)功過兩不(bu)相(xiang)掩,蓋(gai)(gai)用心(xin)良苦(ku),而學(xue)術未(wei)精(jing)也。又(you)遍(bian)考晉唐以(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)諸(zhu)(zhu)賢(xian)議(yi)論(lun),非不(bu)珠璧琳瑯,求一(yi)美備(bei)者(zhe),蓋(gai)(gai)不(bu)可得(de)(de)(de),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)何以(yi)(yi)(yi)傳信于來(lai)茲!塘(tang)進(jin)與病(bing)謀,退與心(xin)謀,十(shi)閱春秋,然后(hou)有(you)(you)得(de)(de)(de),然未(wei)敢(gan)輕治(zhi)一(yi)人(ren)。癸丑歲(sui),都(dou)下(xia)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)疫大行,諸(zhu)(zhu)友強起(qi)塘(tang)治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi),大抵(di)已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞病(bing),幸存活數(shu)十(shi)人(ren),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)死(si)(si)(si)于世俗(su)之(zhi)(zhi)手(shou)者(zhe),不(bu)可勝數(shu)。嗚呼(hu)!生民何辜,不(bu)死(si)(si)(si)于病(bing)而死(si)(si)(si)于醫(yi)(yi),是有(you)(you)醫(yi)(yi)不(bu)若(ruo)無(wu)(wu)醫(yi)(yi)也,學(xue)醫(yi)(yi)不(bu)精(jing),不(bu)若(ruo)不(bu)學(xue)醫(yi)(yi)也。因有(you)(you)志采輯歷(li)代名賢(xian)著述,去其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)駁(bo)雜(za),取其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)精(jing)微,間附己(ji)意(yi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)及考驗,合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)書,名曰《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)條(tiao)辨》,然未(wei)敢(gan)輕易落筆。又(you)歷(li)六(liu)年,至(zhi)(zhi)于戊(wu)午,吾(wu)鄉汪瑟庵先(xian)生促塘(tang)曰:來(lai)歲(sui)己(ji)未(wei)濕土正化,二(er)氣中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)厲大行,子(zi)(zi)盍(he)速成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是書,或者(zhe)有(you)(you)益于民生乎!塘(tang)愧不(bu)敏,未(wei)敢(gan)自信,恐以(yi)(yi)(yi)救人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),獲欺人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)罪,轉相(xiang)仿效(xiao),至(zhi)(zhi)于無(wu)(wu)窮,罪何自贖哉!然是書不(bu)出,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)得(de)(de)(de)失(shi)終未(wei)可見,因不(bu)揣固陋(lou),黽勉成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)章,就正海內名賢(xian),指其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疵謬(miu),歷(li)為駁(bo)正,將萬世賴之(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)窮期也。