《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)條辨》,清(qing)(qing)代(dai)吳(wu)瑭(鞠通(tong))著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(1798年(nian)),為溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)通(tong)論(lun)(lun)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)。該書(shu)在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)代(dai)眾多溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)學(xue)家成就的(de)基礎上,進一步建立了完(wan)全獨立于傷寒(han)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)學(xue)說體(ti)系,創(chuang)立了三焦辨證綱領,為溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)創(chuang)新理(li)論(lun)(lun)之一。在(zai)(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)邪易(yi)耗傷陰(yin)液思想的(de)指導下,吳(wu)鞠通(tong)倡養(yang)陰(yin)保(bao)液之法,并(bing)擬訂(ding)了層次分(fen)明(ming)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)治法方藥體(ti)系,故(gu)《溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)條辨》被稱為清(qing)(qing)代(dai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)病(bing)學(xue)說標志性著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)。
《溫病條辨(bian)》仿《傷寒論(lun)》體例,分條列論(lun),以(yi)(yi)(yi)求簡要易誦,又恐簡而不明,且(qie)免后(hou)人妄注,于是吳瑭(tang)在各條之(zhi)下詳加辨(bian)析(xi)議論(lun),故以(yi)(yi)(yi)“條辨(bian)”命(ming)名。共6卷(juan),另有卷(juan)首(shou)1卷(juan)。卷(juan)首(shou)為(wei)“原病篇(pian)(pian)(pian)”,引《內經》以(yi)(yi)(yi)求溫病之(zhi)原始(shi)。正(zheng)文前3卷(juan)為(wei)全書(shu)的中(zhong)心,專論(lun)溫病。此3卷(juan)依次分上、中(zhong)、下三焦設立(li)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)目,分別(bie)論(lun)述(shu)三焦溫病,并(bing)出(chu)治法(fa)。卷(juan)4為(wei)“雜說(shuo)”,論(lun)救逆及病后(hou)調治法(fa)。此后(hou)附“解(jie)產(chan)(chan)難”(論(lun)產(chan)(chan)后(hou)調治與產(chan)(chan)后(hou)驚風(feng)諸癥)、“解(jie)兒難”(論(lun)小兒急慢驚風(feng)痘癥等)二篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(原作一卷(juan),后(hou)析(xi)為(wei)卷(juan)5、卷(juan)6)。
《溫病(bing)條辨(bian)(bian)》最主要的成(cheng)就在(zai)(zai)于吳氏(shi)建立(li)了完全獨(du)立(li)于傷(shang)寒的溫病(bing)學說(shuo)體系(xi),創立(li)了三焦辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)綱領,由(you)(you)上及(ji)下、由(you)(you)淺入深,旨在(zai)(zai)“認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)無差”。吳氏(shi)認(ren)為(wei),傷(shang)寒六經(jing)(jing)辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)都是由(you)(you)淺入深,但六經(jing)(jing)是由(you)(you)表入里,須(xu)橫(heng)看(kan);三焦辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)則(ze)由(you)(you)上入下,須(xu)豎看(kan)。兩種辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)體系(xi)有對立(li)統一、一縱(zong)一橫(heng)之(zhi)(zhi)妙。從歷史發展的角度來看(kan),該(gai)辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)體系(xi)與張仲(zhong)景傷(shang)寒六經(jing)(jing)辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)、葉(xie)天(tian)士溫熱(re)衛氣營血辨(bian)(bian)證(zheng)(zheng)理論互為(wei)羽翼,成(cheng)為(wei)溫病(bing)創新理論之(zhi)(zhi)一。
在治(zhi)法(fa)上,吳氏以(yi)溫邪易耗陰液為(wei)(wei)立法(fa)的依據,倡(chang)導養(yang)陰保液之法(fa),并據臨床實(shi)踐,提煉葉天士醫案溫病治(zhi)法(fa),化裁處(chu)方(fang),以(yi)切實(shi)用。如分出清絡、清營、育陰多種治(zhi)法(fa);又以(yi)銀(yin)翹散為(wei)(wei)辛(xin)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)平劑(ji)(ji),桑(sang)菊飲為(wei)(wei)辛(xin)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)輕(qing)劑(ji)(ji),白虎湯(tang)為(wei)(wei)辛(xin)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)重(zhong)劑(ji)(ji),使溫病治(zhi)法(fa)用方(fang)層次清晰(xi)。
吳(wu)鞠通謂前賢(xian)之(zhi)中,元代(dai)(dai)王履(安道)雖能辨證溫病,但(dan)論之(zhi)未(wei)詳;明末吳(wu)又可區(qu)分傷寒(han)、溫病,但(dan)立法欠精(jing)純;清代(dai)(dai)葉天(tian)士立論精(jing)細,但(dan)立法甚(shen)簡,皆未(wei)能透達圓滿。于是吳(wu)氏取諸賢(xian)精(jing)妙(miao),考之(zhi)《內經》,參以個人心(xin)得,統論溫病,而成(cheng)此(ci)書。
吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)(1758—1836),字鞠通,淮陰(今(jin)屬(shu)江(jiang)蘇)人。19歲(sui)時其(qi)父(fu)因病而死(si),傷痛之余,遂廣購方書(shu)(shu)。研(yan)讀中見(jian)張仲景《傷寒(han)論(lun)》序(xu)中有“外連榮勢,內忘(wang)身(shen)(shen)命”之論(lun),因慨然棄舉子(zi)業(ye),專(zhuan)事醫術。4年(nian)(nian)(nian)后,其(qi)侄子(zi)病溫,隨后死(si)于發黃,這一(yi)刺激更堅定了(le)吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)研(yan)究溫病的(de)決心(xin)(xin)。又(you)過了(le)3年(nian)(nian)(nian),吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)至京(jing)師,檢校《四庫(ku)全(quan)書(shu)(shu)》,得覽明季吳(wu)(wu)又(you)可《溫疫論(lun)》,于是(shi)專(zhuan)心(xin)(xin)于溫病診(zhen)治。經(jing)過10年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)鉆研(yan),吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)已(yi)有很多(duo)心(xin)(xin)得,但從未(wei)敢輕(qing)易治療一(yi)人。乾隆五十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1793年(nian)(nian)(nian)),北京(jing)溫疫大行(xing),吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)才一(yi)展身(shen)(shen)手,救治了(le)數十人。長期(qi)的(de)閱讀積累,又(you)經(jing)過成(cheng)功的(de)臨床實(shi)踐,吳(wu)(wu)瑭(tang)開始著書(shu)(shu)立說。嘉慶(qing)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1798年(nian)(nian)(nian)),吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)將(jiang)書(shu)(shu)初步完(wan)成(cheng)。直到(dao)嘉慶(qing)甲(jia)子(zi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1804年(nian)(nian)(nian)),吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)將(jiang)此書(shu)(shu)展示(shi)給友人徵保。再經(jing)過10年(nian)(nian)(nian),書(shu)(shu)終告完(wan)成(cheng),并(bing)刊(kan)于嘉慶(qing)十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1813年(nian)(nian)(nian))。
該書(shu)內容全面系統,理法方(fang)藥齊備,切合臨床實用,為(wei)清代溫(wen)病學(xue)說標(biao)志性專著,后(hou)世將(jiang)此書(shu)視為(wei)中醫“四(si)大經(jing)典”之一,作為(wei)中醫必讀之書(shu)。
《溫(wen)病條辨》由問心堂初(chu)刊于嘉慶十八年(nian)(1813年(nian)),此(ci)后(hou)翻印、增批評注近(jin)百次(ci)。
《溫(wen)病條辨》有多種現代校點本,以(yi)道光十六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(1836年(nian)(nian))刊本為底本,2007年(nian)(nian)張志斌以(yi)嘉(jia)慶十八年(nian)(nian)(1813年(nian)(nian))問(wen)心(xin)堂初(chu)刊本為底本校點出版,收入《溫(wen)病大成》一書(shu)。書(shu)評、序言
天以五運六(liu)(liu)(liu)氣(qi)化(hua)生(sheng)萬(wan)物,不(bu)能無(wu)過(guo)不(bu)及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差(cha),于(yu)(yu)是有六(liu)(liu)(liu)淫(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪,非(fei)謂病(bing)(bing)寒不(bu)病(bing)(bing)溫,病(bing)(bing)溫不(bu)病(bing)(bing)寒也(ye)。后(hou)漢張仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)著《傷寒論(lun)》,發明軒(xuan)岐(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奧(ao)旨,如(ru)日星河岳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)麗天地(di),任百世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鉆仰,而(er)(er)義(yi)蘊(yun)仍未(wei)盡(jin)也(ye)。然其(qi)(qi)書(shu)專(zhuan)為(wei)傷寒而(er)(er)設,未(wei)嘗遍及于(yu)(yu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)淫(yin)(yin)也(ye)。奈后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)醫者(zhe)(zhe),以治(zhi)(zhi)傷寒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa),應無(wu)窮(qiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian),勢必至如(ru)鑿枘(rui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)相入。至明陶節庵《六(liu)(liu)(liu)書(shu)》,大改仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa),后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)學者(zhe)(zhe),苦(ku)張之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)艱深,樂陶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)簡易,莫(mo)不(bu)奉為(wei)蓍蔡,而(er)(er)于(yu)(yu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)淫(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪,混而(er)(er)為(wei)一(yi),其(qi)(qi)死于(yu)(yu)病(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)十二(er)三(san),死于(yu)(yu)醫者(zhe)(zhe)十八九;而(er)(er)仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說,視如(ru)土苴矣。余來京(jing)師(shi),獲交吳子鞠(ju)通,見其(qi)(qi)治(zhi)(zhi)疾(ji),一(yi)以仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)為(wei)依歸,而(er)(er)變(bian)化(hua)因心(xin),不(bu)拘常(chang)格(ge),往往神(shen)明于(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,而(er)(er)究不(bu)離乎(hu)法(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),非(fei)有得(de)于(yu)(yu)仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)能。久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)出所(suo)著《溫病(bing)(bing)條(tiao)(tiao)辨》七卷,自溫而(er)(er)熱而(er)(er)暑(shu)而(er)(er)濕而(er)(er)燥,一(yi)一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)分縷(lv)析,莫(mo)不(bu)究其(qi)(qi)病(bing)(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)從生(sheng),推而(er)(er)至于(yu)(yu)所(suo)終極;其(qi)(qi)為(wei)方也(ye)約(yue)而(er)(er)精,其(qi)(qi)為(wei)論(lun)也(ye)閎以肆,俾二(er)千余年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)塵霧,豁然一(yi)開。昔人(ren)謂仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)為(wei)軒(xuan)岐(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)臣,鞠(ju)通亦仲(zhong)(zhong)景(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)臣也(ye)。余少(shao)時頗有志于(yu)(yu)醫,年逾四十,始(shi)知其(qi)(qi)難,乃(nai)廢然而(er)(er)返。今(jin)讀(du)鞠(ju)通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu),目識心(xin)融,若有牗(牗)其(qi)(qi)明而(er)(er)啟其(qi)(qi)秘者(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)誠學醫者(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)大快(kuai)事哉(zai)!爰不(bu)辭而(er)(er)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)。
嘉慶辛未四月既望寶應朱彬(bin)序
溫病條辨汪敘
昔淳(chun)于公(gong)有(you)(you)言(yan):人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)多(duo);醫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)方少(shao)。夫病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)多(duo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)方少(shao),未(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)甚于溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)矣(yi)!何也(ye)(ye)?六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)氣(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong),君相二火無(wu)(wu)論(lun)已,風濕與(yu)燥(zao),無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)兼溫(wen)(wen),惟(wei)寒(han)水與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)相反,然(ran)(ran)(ran)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)必病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)熱(re)(re),天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),孰有(you)(you)多(duo)于溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)乎?方書(shu)始(shi)于仲(zhong)景,仲(zhong)景之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)專(zhuan)論(lun)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han),此六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)氣(qi)(qi)耳(er)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)兼言(yan)風者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)有(you)(you)兼言(yan)溫(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),然(ran)(ran)(ran)所謂(wei)(wei)風者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),寒(han)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風,所謂(wei)(wei)溫(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),寒(han)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen)(wen),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)書(shu)本論(lun)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)也(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)五氣(qi)(qi),概(gai)未(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及,是以(yi)(yi)后世(shi)無(wu)(wu)傳焉。雖然(ran)(ran)(ran),作者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)(wei)圣(sheng),述者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming),學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)誠能(neng)究其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen),通其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)義,化(hua)而(er)(er)(er)(er)裁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),推而(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)氣(qi)(qi)可(ke)也(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)內傷(shang)(shang)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)。亡如,世(shi)鮮知(zhi)十之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才士,以(yi)(yi)闕(que)如為(wei)(wei)恥,不(bu)(bu)能(neng)舉一(yi)(yi)(yi)反三,惟(wei)務(wu)按圖(tu)索(suo)驥(ji)。蓋自叔和而(er)(er)(er)(er)下(xia),大(da)約皆以(yi)(yi)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa),療(liao)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)氣(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疴(ke),御風以(yi)(yi)絺,指(zhi)鹿為(wei)(wei)馬,迨試而(er)(er)(er)(er)輒困,亦(yi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)也(ye)(ye)。因而(er)(er)(er)(er)沿習故方,略變藥(yao)味,沖和、解(jie)肌(ji)諸湯,紛然(ran)(ran)(ran)著錄。至陶氏(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)出,遂(sui)居然(ran)(ran)(ran)以(yi)(yi)杜(du)撰(zhuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)傷(shang)(shang)寒(han),治(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)氣(qi)(qi),不(bu)(bu)獨(du)仲(zhong)景之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)所未(wei)(wei)言(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)能(neng)發(fa)明(ming)(ming),并仲(zhong)景已定之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu),盡遭竄易。世(shi)俗(su)樂其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)淺(qian)近,相與(yu)宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)生民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禍(huo)亟矣(yi)!又有(you)(you)吳(wu)又可(ke)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),著《溫(wen)(wen)疫論(lun)》,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方本治(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時疫,而(er)(er)(er)(er)世(shi)誤以(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)常候(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)。最后若(ruo)方中(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)、喻(yu)嘉言(yan)諸子(zi),雖列溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)于傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai),而(er)(er)(er)(er)治(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)則終未(wei)(wei)離乎傷(shang)(shang)寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。惟(wei)金(jin)源劉河間(jian)守真(zhen)氏(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),獨(du)知(zhi)熱(re)(re)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),超出諸家(jia),所著《六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)書(shu)》,分三焦(jiao)論(lun)治(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)墨守六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經,庶幾幽室一(yi)(yi)(yi)燈,中(zhong)(zhong)流一(yi)(yi)(yi)柱(zhu)。惜其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)樸而(er)(er)(er)(er)少(shao)文(wen),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)論(lun)簡(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)(wei)暢,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方時亦(yi)雜而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)精(jing)(jing),承其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),又不(bu)(bu)能(neng)闡(chan)明(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)意,裨補其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疏(shu),而(er)(er)(er)(er)下(xia)士聞道,若(ruo)張景岳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒,方且(qie)怪而(er)(er)(er)(er)訾(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),于是其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)學不(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)說不(bu)(bu)行(xing)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俗(su)醫,遇溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)首先發(fa)表,雜以(yi)(yi)消導,繼則峻投(tou)攻下(xia),或妄用溫(wen)(wen)補,輕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)重,重者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)死,幸(xing)免則自謂(wei)(wei)己功,致死則不(bu)(bu)言(yan)己過。即病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦(yi)但知(zhi)膏肓難挽,而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)悟藥(yao)石殺(sha)人(ren),父以(yi)(yi)授子(zi),師以(yi)(yi)傳弟(di),舉世(shi)同風,牢不(bu)(bu)可(ke)破(po),肺腑無(wu)(wu)語(yu),冤鬼夜(ye)嗥,二千余(yu)年,略同一(yi)(yi)(yi)轍(che),可(ke)勝慨哉!我(wo)朝(chao)治(zhi)(zhi)洽學明(ming)(ming),名(ming)賢輩出,咸(xian)知(zhi)溯原《靈》、《素》,問(wen)道長沙。自吳(wu)人(ren)葉天(tian)士氏(shi)(shi)《溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)論(lun)》、《溫(wen)(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)續論(lun)》出,然(ran)(ran)(ran)后當(dang)(dang)名(ming)辨物,好學之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,咸(xian)知(zhi)向方,而(er)(er)(er)(er)貪常習故之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流,猶且(qie)各(ge)是師說,惡聞至論(lun),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)粗工則又略知(zhi)疏(shu)節,未(wei)(wei)達(da)精(jing)(jing)旨,施之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于用,罕得十全。吾友鞠通吳(wu)子(zi),懷救世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,秉超悟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哲,嗜(shi)學不(bu)(bu)厭,研理務(wu)精(jing)(jing),抗志以(yi)(yi)希古(gu)(gu)人(ren),虛心而(er)(er)(er)(er)師百氏(shi)(shi),病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)斯(si)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貿貿也(ye)(ye),述先賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)格言(yan),攄生平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心得,窮源竟(jing)委,作為(wei)(wei)是書(shu),然(ran)(ran)(ran)猶未(wei)(wei)敢自信(xin),且(qie)懼世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)(wei)信(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye),藏諸笥(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。予(yu)謂(wei)(wei)學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,固無(wu)(wu)自信(xin)時也(ye)(ye),然(ran)(ran)(ran)以(yi)(yi)天(tian)下(xia)至多(duo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),而(er)(er)(er)(er)竟(jing)無(wu)(wu)應病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方,幸(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亟宜出而(er)(er)(er)(er)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),譬如拯溺救焚(fen),豈待整冠束(shu)發(fa),況乎心理無(wu)(wu)異(yi),大(da)道不(bu)(bu)孤,是書(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)出,子(zi)云其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren),必當(dang)(dang)旦暮遇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),且(qie)將有(you)(you)闡(chan)明(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)意,裨補其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疏(shu),使(shi)夭札之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民,咸(xian)登仁壽者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此天(tian)下(xia)后世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幸(xing),亦(yi)吳(wu)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幸(xing)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)夫折楊(yang)皇(huang)荂,聽然(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)笑,陽春(chun)白雪,和僅數(shu)人(ren),自古(gu)(gu)如斯(si),知(zhi)我(wo)罪(zui)我(wo),一(yi)(yi)(yi)任(ren)當(dang)(dang)世(shi),豈不(bu)(bu)善乎!吳(wu)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)然(ran)(ran)(ran),遂(sui)相與(yu)評騭而(er)(er)(er)(er)授之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梓(zi)。
嘉慶(qing)十七年(nian)壯月既望同(tong)里弟汪廷珍(zhen)謹序(xu)
溫病條辨徵序
立(li)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,曰(yue)陰(yin)(yin)與陽,立(li)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,曰(yue)柔與剛,立(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,曰(yue)仁(ren)(ren)與義。醫,仁(ren)(ren)道也(ye)(ye)(ye),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)必(bi)(bi)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)先之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),勇(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)副之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),仁(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)到,湯(tang)液針灸(jiu)任施,無處不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang);否則鹵莽(mang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)經(jing)(jing),草菅民命矣。獨是聰明(ming)者(zhe)予智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)雄,涉獵者(zhe)穿鑿為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),皆(jie)非也(ye)(ye)(ye)。必(bi)(bi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)博(bo)覽載籍,上下古(gu)(gu)(gu)今,目如電,心如發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周乎萬物,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道濟天下也(ye)(ye)(ye)。在昔有熊御極,生而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)神靈,猶師(shi)資于僦(jiu)貸季、岐伯,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》作。周秦而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)降,代(dai)有智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。東漢長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)外,能徑窺軒岐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壺奧者(zhe),指不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)多屈。外是纚(xi)一(yi)家言,爭著(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)書(shu),曾未見(jian)(jian)長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)項背者(zhe)比(bi)比(bi)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醫方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖(zu),必(bi)(bi)推仲(zhong)景(jing),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)仲(zhong)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方,首重傷(shang)寒,人(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。自(zi)(zi)晉(jin)王(wang)叔和編(bian)次(ci)《傷(shang)寒論》,則割裂附會矣。王(wang)好古(gu)(gu)(gu)輩著(zhu)《傷(shang)寒續編(bian)》、《傷(shang)寒類證(zheng)》等書(shu),俗眼易明(ming),人(ren)(ren)(ren)多便之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。金元以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou),所(suo)(suo)(suo)謂仲(zhong)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,日(ri)晦一(yi)日(ri)。嗟夫!晚(wan)近庸質,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)仲(zhong)景(jing),寧識傷(shang)寒?不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)傷(shang)寒,寧識溫(wen)病(bing)?遂至以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)寒者(zhe)治(zhi)溫(wen)。自(zi)(zi)唐宋迄今,千(qian)古(gu)(gu)(gu)一(yi)轍,何勝浩嘆!然則其(qi)(qi)法當(dang)何如?日(ri):天地陰(yin)(yin)陽,日(ri)月水(shui)火,罔非對(dui)待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理,人(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)(zi)習(xi)焉(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)察;《內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》平列六(liu)氣,人(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)解耳。傷(shang)寒為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法,法在救陽;溫(wen)熱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法,法在救陰(yin)(yin)。明(ming)明(ming)兩大(da)法門,豈可(ke)張(zhang)冠李戴耶!假令長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)復起,必(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)傷(shang)寒法治(zhi)溫(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。仆不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敏(min)(min),年(nian)(nian)少力(li)學,搜求(qiu)(qiu)經(jing)(jing)史之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)(yu),偶及方書(shu),心竊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怦(peng)怦(peng),自(zi)(zi)謂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)子者(zhe)當(dang)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),然有志焉(yan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未逮(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。乾隆(long)丁未春(chun),萱堂弗(fu)(fu)豫,即(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時溫(wen)見(jian)(jian)背。悲(bei)憤余(yu)(yu)生,無以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)贖,誓必(bi)(bi)欲(yu)精于此道。廬墓(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,環列近代(dai)醫書(shu),朝研而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)夕究,茫(mang)茫(mang)無所(suo)(suo)(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)明(ming)。求(qiu)(qiu)諸(zhu)師(shi)友(you),瀏覽名家,冀有以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)啟迪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),則所(suo)(suo)(suo)知(zhi)惟糟(zao)粕。上溯而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)及于漢唐,洊至《靈樞》、《素問》諸(zhu)經(jing)(jing),捧讀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)(yu),往往聲與淚俱。久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)別有會心,十年(nian)(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou),汨(mi)汨(mi)焉(yan)若心花之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漫開(kai),覺(jue)古(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)原非愚(yu)我(wo),我(wo)自(zi)(zi)愚(yu)耳。離經(jing)(jing)泥古(gu)(gu)(gu),厥(jue)罪惟均,讀書(shu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)貴,得(de)間后(hou)可(ke)。友(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)吳子鞠通,通儒也(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)穎悟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才(cai),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)好古(gu)(gu)(gu)敏(min)(min)求(qiu)(qiu),其(qi)(qi)學醫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志,略同于仆,近師(shi)承于葉氏(shi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)遠追(zhui)蹤乎仲(zhong)景(jing)。其(qi)(qi)臨證(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye),雖遇危疾,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)避嫌怨。其(qi)(qi)處方也(ye)(ye)(ye),一(yi)遵《內(nei)經(jing)(jing)》,效(xiao)法仲(zhong)祖(zu)。其(qi)(qi)用(yong)藥也(ye)(ye)(ye),隨(sui)其(qi)(qi)證(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)輕重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)(gong)若桴鼓。其(qi)(qi)殆智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)勇(yong),勇(yong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)(ren)者(zhe)哉!嘉慶甲子,出所(suo)(suo)(suo)著(zhu)治(zhi)溫(wen)法示余(yu)(yu),余(yu)(yu)向之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急欲(yu)訂正者(zhe),今乃發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)復析疑,力(li)矯前非,如撥云見(jian)(jian)日(ri),寧不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)快哉!閱十稔而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)告成(cheng),名曰(yue)《溫(wen)病(bing)條辨》。末(mo)附三卷,其(qi)(qi)一(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)條辨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)翼,余(yu)(yu)二卷約幼(you)科、產后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)綱,皆(jie)前人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)六(liu)氣而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)致誤(wu)者(zhe),莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)獨出心裁,發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)前人(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)未發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。嗚呼!昌黎有云:“莫(mo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前,雖美弗(fu)(fu)彰;莫(mo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),雖圣弗(fu)(fu)傳(chuan)。”此編(bian)既(ji)出,將欲(yu)懸諸(zhu)國門,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)博(bo)彈射(she)。積(ji)習(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)難革者(zhe),雖未必(bi)(bi)一(yi)時盡革,但能拾(shi)其(qi)(qi)緒余(yu)(yu),即(ji)可(ke)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蒼生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福。數(shu)百年(nian)(nian)后(hou),當(dang)必(bi)(bi)有深(shen)識其(qi)(qi)用(yong)心者(zhe)夫!然后(hou)知(zhi)此編(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羽翼長(chang)沙(sha)(sha),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)臣(chen),實亦有熊氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)臣(chen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)序。
嘉(jia)慶(qing)癸酉仲秋谷旦蘇完(wan)愚弟(di)徵保拜書
問心堂(tang)溫病條辨自(zi)序(xu)
夫(fu)立(li)德立(li)功立(li)言,圣賢(xian)事(shi)也,塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)何(he)人(ren)斯,敢(gan)以(yi)(yi)自任?緣(yuan)塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)十(shi)九歲時,父病(bing)(bing)年(nian)余(yu),至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)起,塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)愧(kui)恨難(nan)名(ming)(ming),哀痛欲絕,以(yi)(yi)為父病(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)知醫(yi)(yi),尚復(fu)何(he)顏立(li)天地間(jian),遂(sui)購(gou)方書(shu),伏讀(du)于(yu)(yu)苫(shan)塊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)。至(zhi)張長沙“外逐榮(rong)勢(shi),內忘身命”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)論(lun),因慨然棄舉子(zi)業,專事(shi)方術。越(yue)四載(zai),猶子(zi)巧官(guan)病(bing)(bing)溫(wen)。初起喉痹,外科吹以(yi)(yi)冰硼(peng)散(san),喉遂(sui)閉(bi),又遍延(yan)諸時醫(yi)(yi)治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),大(da)(da)抵不(bu)(bu)越(yue)雙解散(san)、人(ren)參敗毒散(san)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,其于(yu)(yu)溫(wen)病(bing)(bing)治法,茫乎(hu)未(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聞也,后至(zhi)發黃而(er)死(si)(si)。塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)以(yi)(yi)初學(xue)(xue)(xue),未(wei)(wei)(wei)敢(gan)妄贊(zan)一(yi)詞,然于(yu)(yu)是證,亦未(wei)(wei)(wei)得其要領。蓋(gai)張長沙悲宗族之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si)(si),作《玉函經(jing)》,為后世醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖(zu),奈《玉函》中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《卒病(bing)(bing)論(lun)》,亡于(yu)(yu)兵火,后世學(xue)(xue)(xue)者,無(wu)從(cong)仿(fang)效,遂(sui)至(zhi)各起異說,得不(bu)(bu)償失(shi)。又越(yue)三載(zai),來(lai)游京師,檢(jian)校《四庫全書(shu)》,得明季吳又可《溫(wen)疫論(lun)》,觀其議論(lun)宏(hong)闊(kuo),實有(you)發前人(ren)所(suo)未(wei)(wei)(wei)發,遂(sui)專心(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)步(bu)焉(yan)。細察其法,亦不(bu)(bu)免支(zhi)離駁(bo)(bo)雜,大(da)(da)抵功過兩不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)掩,蓋(gai)用心(xin)良苦,而(er)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術未(wei)(wei)(wei)精(jing)也。又遍考晉唐(tang)以(yi)(yi)來(lai)諸賢(xian)議論(lun),非不(bu)(bu)珠璧琳瑯,求一(yi)美備者,蓋(gai)不(bu)(bu)可得,其何(he)以(yi)(yi)傳信于(yu)(yu)來(lai)茲(zi)!塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)進與(yu)病(bing)(bing)謀,退(tui)與(yu)心(xin)謀,十(shi)閱(yue)春秋,然后有(you)得,然未(wei)(wei)(wei)敢(gan)輕(qing)治一(yi)人(ren)。癸(gui)丑歲,都下(xia)溫(wen)疫大(da)(da)行,諸友強起塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),大(da)(da)抵已成(cheng)壞病(bing)(bing),幸存活數十(shi)人(ren),其死(si)(si)于(yu)(yu)世俗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)手者,不(bu)(bu)可勝數。嗚呼(hu)!生(sheng)民何(he)辜,不(bu)(bu)死(si)(si)于(yu)(yu)病(bing)(bing)而(er)死(si)(si)于(yu)(yu)醫(yi)(yi),是有(you)醫(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)若無(wu)醫(yi)(yi)也,學(xue)(xue)(xue)醫(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)精(jing),不(bu)(bu)若不(bu)(bu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)醫(yi)(yi)也。因有(you)志(zhi)采(cai)輯歷(li)(li)(li)代名(ming)(ming)賢(xian)著述,去其駁(bo)(bo)雜,取(qu)其精(jing)微,間(jian)附(fu)己(ji)意,以(yi)(yi)及考驗,合成(cheng)一(yi)書(shu),名(ming)(ming)曰(yue)《溫(wen)病(bing)(bing)條辨(bian)》,然未(wei)(wei)(wei)敢(gan)輕(qing)易落筆(bi)。又歷(li)(li)(li)六(liu)年(nian),至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)戊午,吾鄉(xiang)汪瑟庵(an)先生(sheng)促塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)曰(yue):來(lai)歲己(ji)未(wei)(wei)(wei)濕土正(zheng)化,二氣中溫(wen)厲大(da)(da)行,子(zi)盍速成(cheng)是書(shu),或者有(you)益于(yu)(yu)民生(sheng)乎(hu)!塘(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)愧(kui)不(bu)(bu)敏,未(wei)(wei)(wei)敢(gan)自信,恐以(yi)(yi)救人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),獲(huo)欺人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪,轉相(xiang)仿(fang)效,至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)無(wu)窮,罪何(he)自贖(shu)哉!然是書(shu)不(bu)(bu)出,其得失(shi)終未(wei)(wei)(wei)可見,因不(bu)(bu)揣固陋,黽勉(mian)成(cheng)章,就(jiu)正(zheng)海(hai)內名(ming)(ming)賢(xian),指其疵謬,歷(li)(li)(li)為駁(bo)(bo)正(zheng),將(jiang)萬世賴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)窮期也。