永安(an)市貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)鎮位(wei)于永安(an)市北郊(jiao),距城18公里(li)。貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan),古名“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)堡”。據考(kao)古發現, 遠在(zai)新石器(qi)時代(dai)這里(li)就(jiu)有人(ren)類活動;唐代(dai)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)得到有計劃的開發,宋代(dai)達(da)到輝煌(huang)時期,陳姓家族享有“一門雙(shuang)理學,九(jiu)子十登(deng)科”的美譽(yu)。福建(jian)宋代(dai)理學“主心派(pai)”的代(dai)表人(ren)物陳就(jiu)是貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)人(ren)。為此,宋高宗還(huan)特賜(si)“大(da)儒(ru)里(li)”牌坊一座。明清兩代(dai),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)進(jin)士(shi)、舉(ju)人(ren)、貢(gong)(gong)(gong)生迭出,是名人(ren)薈萃,文化燦(can)爛的鐘靈毓(yu)秀之地。
環繞貢(gong)(gong)川古鎮(zhen)的(de)有沙(sha)(sha)溪(xi)、胡(hu)貢(gong)(gong)溪(xi)兩條(tiao)河(he)流(liu), 一條(tiao)自(zi)南(nan)向北,一條(tiao)從西到(dao)東,兩溪(xi)在(zai)貢(gong)(gong)川南(nan)門處交(jiao)匯。在(zai)胡(hu)貢(gong)(gong)溪(xi)的(de)水(shui)尾處建有一座古老的(de)橋梁(liang),她(ta)象一道美麗的(de)彩虹,連接貢(gong)(gong)堡(bao)與(yu)巫峽頭兩地。雨(yu)季時節,胡(hu)貢(gong)(gong)溪(xi)水(shui)較(jiao)渾濁,沙(sha)(sha)溪(xi)水(shui)較(jiao)清(qing)澈,交(jiao)會(hui)(hui)處涇渭分明(ming),因(yin)而貢(gong)(gong)川人將這座橋梁(liang)冠(guan)名為(wei)“會(hui)(hui)清(qing)”.會(hui)(hui)清(qing)橋上(shang)還保留有一幅明(ming)代(dai)進(jin)士(shi)羅明(ming)祖撰寫的(de)嵌字(zi)對(dui)聯:會(hui)(hui)極環瞻星(xing)北拱,清(qing)波(bo)永奠水(shui)東流(liu)。
會(hui)(hui)(hui)清橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)歷史悠久(jiu),會(hui)(hui)(hui)清橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)屋有(you)11間,56根木柱,南北(bei)(bei)兩端設有(you)門樓,中部(bu)是升(sheng)起的橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting),布局勻稱(cheng),規矩(ju)嚴整。門樓為(wei)四面坡屋頂,飛檐翹角,正脊上(shang)矗立(li)一對“魚吻(wen)”。傳說魚會(hui)(hui)(hui)吐水,有(you)防火之功能;橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)是單檐歇(xie)山式屋頂,正脊上(shang)也有(you)魚吻(wen),橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)下為(wei)方型藻(zao)井(jing),藻(zao)井(jing)天花板上(shang)繪有(you)“雙(shuang)龍搶(qiang)珠”彩畫。藻(zao)井(jing)下方便是神(shen)(shen)(shen)龕,內供“真(zhen)武大(da)帝”。真(zhen)武又稱(cheng)“玄(xuan)武”,是道教的北(bei)(bei)方神(shen)(shen)(shen),又是水神(shen)(shen)(shen),橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)上(shang)祀(si)奉真(zhen)武是為(wei)了鎮守水尾,以期(qi)“清波永(yong)奠”。
橋(qiao)屋(wu)梁(liang)架簡潔,斗(dou)拱(gong)形式多(duo)樣,表現出古代(dai)工匠杰出的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)藝術和技巧。橋(qiao)屋(wu)采取五架抬梁(liang)式,斗(dou)拱(gong)則有“一斗(dou)三(san)升”、“角背拱(gong)”、“駝峰拱(gong)”、“如意拱(gong)”等,它們(men)不(bu)但有著實際(ji)功能,還有著較強的(de)裝飾(shi)作用。橋(qiao)屋(wu)門樓的(de)屋(wu)檐之下,我們(men)還可(ke)見到泥塑和彩繪(hui)。裝飾(shi)藝術的(de)融入(ru),使得會清橋(qiao)愈發顯得絢(xuan)麗(li)多(duo)姿,品位不(bu)俗(su)。