南美、廣東有大(da)量種植(zhi)
大腹(fu)木棉喜溫(wen)暖(nuan)干燥和陽光充足環境。不耐(nai)寒,稍耐(nai)濕(shi),忌積水(shui)。耐(nai)旱,抗污染、抗風力強,深(shen)(shen)根(gen)性,速生,萌芽力強。生長適溫(wen)20—30°C,冬季溫(wen)度(du)不低于5°C,以深(shen)(shen)厚、肥沃、排(pai)水(shui)良好的砂(sha)質(zhi)土壤為宜。
1.移植(zhi)。當育苗器皿上的幼苗長(chang)到(dao)15至25厘米高(gao)時,即可進行(xing)移植(zhi),先要(yao)移植(zhi)到(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)袋(或(huo)種(zhong)植(zhi)盆)中(zhong),集中(zhong)管(guan)理20天至30天后,再定(ding)植(zhi)到(dao)田間。定(ding)植(zhi)時要(yao)把小苗按(an)一定(ding)的高(gao)度分(fen)成3級,把同一級的種(zhong)苗種(zhong)植(zhi)到(dao)一塊(kuai)地,以便管(guan)理。
2.養護(hu):大腹木棉的生(sheng)長旺(wang)季(ji)(ji)為(wei)3至9月份,在生(sheng)長旺(wang)季(ji)(ji),水分補給要充足。如(ru)果土壤本身比(bi)較肥(fei)沃,可以(yi)每隔(ge)40天施(shi)用1次有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(花生(sheng)麩、雞屎等)和復合肥(fei)以(yi)達到(dao)最佳的生(sheng)長速度。如(ru)果土壤比(bi)較瘦(shou)瘠,就要每隔(ge)20天施(shi)一次有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)和復合肥(fei),才能(neng)保持苗(miao)木的生(sheng)長速度。生(sheng)長良好的美人樹(shu),其一年生(sheng)的小苗(miao)在第二個生(sheng)長周期,胸徑(jing)在一年內(nei)可以(yi)增大3至4厘(li)米,而且葉色光亮,病蟲害(hai)少。
一般采用(yong)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)繁殖的(de)方(fang)式(shi)。在廣州,它的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)成(cheng)熟是在3至4月份,宜隨(sui)采隨(sui)播(bo)(bo)(bo),發芽(ya)(ya)率可達(da)90%,隨(sui)著時(shi)間的(de)推(tui)移(yi),發芽(ya)(ya)率會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)基質采用(yong):泥(ni)炭土∶沙=3∶1,把(ba)pH值調至6.0左右,每立(li)方(fang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)基質加(jia)入10公斤雞屎(shi)、2公斤復合肥(fei)混合,然后過篩(shai)。由于(yu)大(da)(da)腹木(mu)棉種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)較大(da)(da)(黃豆般大(da)(da)小),可以在播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)器(qi)皿(min)上采用(yong)點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)方(fang)法(fa),點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)密度(du)為500粒/平方(fang)米(mi)。點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)時(shi),種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)深(shen)度(du)為種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)本身(shen)的(de)厚度(du),播(bo)(bo)(bo)得(de)太深(shen)會(hui)花使種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)發芽(ya)(ya)時(shi)間推(tui)遲,發芽(ya)(ya)勢(shi)下(xia)降(jiang)。點(dian)播(bo)(bo)(bo)完成(cheng)后,第一次用(yong)500倍的(de)滅病(bing)(bing)威淋透。觀賞應(ying)用(yong):樹(shu)冠傘(san)形,葉色(se)青(qing)翠,成(cheng)年樹(shu)樹(shu)干(gan)呈酒瓶狀;冬(dong)季(ji)盛(sheng)花期(qi)滿樹(shu)姹(cha)紫,秀(xiu)色(se)照人,是優良(liang)的(de)觀花喬(qiao)木(mu),是庭院綠化(hua)和美化(hua)的(de)高級樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)。也可作為高級行(xing)(xing)道樹(shu)。養護與病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai):移(yi)植(zhi)(zhi)當育苗(miao)器(qi)皿(min)上的(de)大(da)(da)腹木(mu)棉幼苗(miao)長到15至25厘(li)米(mi)高時(shi),即可進(jin)行(xing)(xing)移(yi)植(zhi)(zhi),先要(yao)移(yi)植(zhi)(zhi)到種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)袋(或(huo)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)盆)中,集(ji)中管理20天至30天,再定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)到田(tian)間,定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)要(yao)把(ba)小苗(miao)按一定(ding)(ding)的(de)高度(du)分成(cheng)3級,把(ba)同(tong)一級的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)到同(tong)一塊地,以便管理。
大腹(fu)木棉樹(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)直(zhi)立(li),樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠層呈傘形(xing),葉色(se)(se)青翠(cui),成年樹(shu)(shu)(shu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)呈酒瓶狀(zhuang),冬(dong)季盛花期滿(man)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)姹紫,秀色(se)(se)照人(ren),是(shi)優良(liang)的(de)觀花喬(qiao)木,是(shi)庭院綠化(hua)和美化(hua)的(de)高(gao)(gao)級樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種。也可作(zuo)為(wei)高(gao)(gao)級行道樹(shu)(shu)(shu)。