南美、廣(guang)東有大量(liang)種植(zhi)
大腹木棉喜溫(wen)暖干燥和陽(yang)光充足環(huan)境。不耐寒,稍(shao)耐濕,忌積水(shui)。耐旱,抗污(wu)染、抗風力強(qiang),深(shen)根(gen)性,速生,萌芽力強(qiang)。生長適溫(wen)20—30°C,冬季(ji)溫(wen)度不低于5°C,以深(shen)厚、肥沃、排水(shui)良好的(de)砂質土壤為宜。
1.移(yi)植(zhi)。當育苗器皿(min)上的幼苗長到(dao)(dao)15至25厘米高時(shi)(shi),即可進行(xing)移(yi)植(zhi),先要移(yi)植(zhi)到(dao)(dao)種植(zhi)袋(或種植(zhi)盆)中,集中管理(li)20天至30天后,再定植(zhi)到(dao)(dao)田間。定植(zhi)時(shi)(shi)要把小苗按一定的高度分(fen)成3級(ji),把同一級(ji)的種苗種植(zhi)到(dao)(dao)一塊地,以(yi)便管理(li)。
2.養護(hu):大(da)腹木棉的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)旺季為3至(zhi)(zhi)9月(yue)份,在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)旺季,水(shui)分補(bu)給要充足。如果(guo)土(tu)(tu)壤本身比較(jiao)肥(fei)沃,可以每(mei)隔(ge)(ge)40天(tian)施(shi)用1次有機肥(fei)(花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)麩、雞屎(shi)等)和復合(he)肥(fei)以達到最佳的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)速(su)度(du)。如果(guo)土(tu)(tu)壤比較(jiao)瘦瘠(ji),就(jiu)要每(mei)隔(ge)(ge)20天(tian)施(shi)一次有機肥(fei)和復合(he)肥(fei),才(cai)能(neng)保持苗木的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)速(su)度(du)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)人樹(shu),其一年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)苗在第二個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)周期(qi),胸徑在一年(nian)內可以增大(da)3至(zhi)(zhi)4厘米,而且葉色光亮,病蟲害少。
一般采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)繁殖(zhi)的(de)(de)方式。在(zai)廣州,它的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)熟(shu)是(shi)在(zai)3至(zhi)4月(yue)份,宜(yi)隨采(cai)(cai)(cai)隨播(bo)(bo)(bo),發芽(ya)率可達90%,隨著(zhu)時間的(de)(de)推(tui)移(yi),發芽(ya)率會降低。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)基質采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong):泥炭土(tu)∶沙=3∶1,把pH值調(diao)至(zhi)6.0左右(you),每立(li)方播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)基質加入10公(gong)斤(jin)雞屎、2公(gong)斤(jin)復合肥混合,然后(hou)過篩。由于(yu)大腹木(mu)棉種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)較大(黃豆(dou)般大小),可以在(zai)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)器(qi)皿(min)上采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)點播(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)方法,點播(bo)(bo)(bo)密度(du)為(wei)500粒/平方米。點播(bo)(bo)(bo)時,種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)點播(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)為(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)本身的(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du),播(bo)(bo)(bo)得太深(shen)會花(hua)使種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發芽(ya)時間推(tui)遲(chi),發芽(ya)勢下降。點播(bo)(bo)(bo)完(wan)成(cheng)后(hou),第一次用(yong)(yong)500倍的(de)(de)滅病威淋透。觀賞應用(yong)(yong):樹(shu)冠傘形,葉(xie)色青翠(cui),成(cheng)年樹(shu)樹(shu)干呈酒瓶狀;冬季(ji)盛花(hua)期滿(man)樹(shu)姹紫,秀色照人(ren),是(shi)優良的(de)(de)觀花(hua)喬木(mu),是(shi)庭院綠化和美化的(de)(de)高級(ji)(ji)(ji)樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)。也可作為(wei)高級(ji)(ji)(ji)行(xing)道樹(shu)。養護(hu)與(yu)病蟲害:移(yi)植(zhi)(zhi)當育苗器(qi)皿(min)上的(de)(de)大腹木(mu)棉幼苗長到(dao)15至(zhi)25厘米高時,即可進行(xing)移(yi)植(zhi)(zhi),先要移(yi)植(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(或種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)盆)中,集中管理20天(tian)至(zhi)30天(tian),再定植(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)田間,定植(zhi)(zhi)時要把小苗按一定的(de)(de)高度(du)分成(cheng)3級(ji)(ji)(ji),把同一級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)苗種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)同一塊地(di),以便管理。
大腹木棉(mian)樹(shu)(shu)干直立,樹(shu)(shu)冠層(ceng)呈傘形,葉色青翠(cui),成年樹(shu)(shu)樹(shu)(shu)干呈酒瓶狀,冬季盛花期滿樹(shu)(shu)姹紫,秀色照人(ren),是優(you)良的觀(guan)花喬(qiao)木,是庭院綠化和美化的高(gao)級樹(shu)(shu)種。也可作(zuo)為高(gao)級行道樹(shu)(shu)。