《拜月(yue)(yue)亭》也稱《王瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)閨(gui)怨拜月(yue)(yue)亭》《蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)拜月(yue)(yue)亭》元·關漢(han)卿作(zuo)。主要寫書生蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)與王瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)在(zai)兵荒(huang)馬亂時(shi)候(hou)的(de)離合故(gu)事。共(gong)(gong)四折一(yi)楔子。戰亂逃亡之中(zhong),王瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)與母親(qin)(qin)(qin)失(shi)散,書生蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)也與妹瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)失(shi)散。世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)與瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)相遇(yu),共(gong)(gong)同(tong)逃難中(zhong)產生感情,私下結(jie)為夫婦(fu)。瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)則與瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)母親(qin)(qin)(qin)結(jie)伴(ban)同(tong)行。瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)父(fu)(fu)親(qin)(qin)(qin)偶(ou)然在(zai)客(ke)店遇(yu)到(dao)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),嫌棄世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)是個窮(qiong)秀才,門(men)戶不(bu)相稱,催逼(bi)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)撇下生病的(de)世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long),跟自己回(hui)家,在(zai)路上又與老妻(qi)及瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)相遇(yu)。瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)一(yi)直(zhi)惦念著世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long),焚香拜月(yue)(yue),禱祝世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)平安,心事被(bei)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)撞(zhuang)破。二人得(de)知(zhi)情由,姐妹之外又成姑(gu)嫂(sao),愈加親(qin)(qin)(qin)密。蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)與逃難途中(zhong)的(de)結(jie)義(yi)兄弟(di)分別(bie)高中(zhong)文武狀元,被(bei)勢利的(de)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)之父(fu)(fu)招為女(nv)婿(xu)。世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)與瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)相見,知(zhi)她情貞,夫妻(qi)終于團聚(ju)。瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)則與世(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)的(de)結(jie)義(yi)兄弟(di)成婚(hun)。
金(jin)國兵部尚書王(wang)(wang)鎮,在(zai)蒙古軍進攻金(jin)國都(dou)城中都(dou)時(shi),奉命(ming)前(qian)往前(qian)線(xian)視察(cha)軍情。他的(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)(nv)兒王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭和(he)(he)母(mu)親(qin)為王(wang)(wang)鎮送(song)行(xing),希(xi)望父親(qin)速去早(zao)回(hui)。不久,王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭和(he)(he)母(mu)親(qin)出(chu)都(dou)避(bi)亂(luan),“秋風(feng)(feng)颯(sa)颯(sa),暮雨(yu)凄(qi)(qi)凄(qi)(qi)”,“一(yi)(yi)點雨(yu)間一(yi)(yi)行(xing)恓惶淚,一(yi)(yi)陣風(feng)(feng)對一(yi)(yi)聲(sheng)長吁氣”,“上(shang)面(mian)(mian)風(feng)(feng)雨(yu),下面(mian)(mian)泥水(shui)”,“一(yi)(yi)對繡鞋(xie)兒分不得幫(bang)(bang)和(he)(he)底(di),稠緊緊粘糯糯帶著(zhu)漩(xuan)泥。”一(yi)(yi)時(shi),哨(shao)兵趕上(shang)來(lai)(lai),王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭母(mu)子(zi)被沖(chong)散。混(hun)亂(luan)中,瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭聽見(jian)有(you)人連叫(jiao)(jiao)三聲(sheng)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)名字,上(shang)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)看,原來(lai)(lai)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)秀(xiu)(xiu)才。這(zhe)秀(xiu)(xiu)才名叫(jiao)(jiao)蔣(jiang)世(shi)(shi)隆(long),他與(yu)(yu)妹(mei)(mei)妹(mei)(mei)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮失散,“瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蓮”與(yu)(yu)“瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭”相近,王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭誤以為秀(xiu)(xiu)才叫(jiao)(jiao)她。王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭這(zhe)個(ge)受(shou)封建教養很深的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)家(jia)閨秀(xiu)(xiu),在(zai)家(jia)時(shi)一(yi)(yi)聽說“女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)”兩字,“早(zao)豁地離了(le)(le)坐位,悄地低了(le)(le)咽(yan)頸,缊地紅了(le)(le)面(mian)(mian)皮(pi)”。現在(zai)顧不得“羞和(he)(he)恥”,愿(yuan)與(yu)(yu)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)結伴(ban)同行(xing),以兄妹(mei)(mei)相稱(cheng)。世(shi)(shi)隆(long)說明(ming)亂(luan)軍擄掠單身(shen)(shen)婦女(nv)(nv),“有(you)兒夫的(de)(de)(de)(de)不擄掠”。王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭只好答應:“不問(wen)時(shi)權做(zuo)(zuo)弟兄,問(wen)著(zhu)后道(dao)做(zuo)(zuo)夫妻。”在(zai)避(bi)難時(shi)受(shou)過(guo)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)幫(bang)(bang)助(zhu)、與(yu)(yu)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)結為兄弟的(de)(de)(de)(de)陀滿興福,在(zai)山(shan)寨落(luo)草做(zuo)(zuo)王(wang)(wang),遇見(jian)來(lai)(lai)山(shan)寨附(fu)近的(de)(de)(de)(de)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)與(yu)(yu)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭,勸(quan)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)留在(zai)山(shan)寨。王(wang)(wang)瑞(rui)(rui)(rui)蘭一(yi)(yi)見(jian)蔣(jiang)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)與(yu)(yu)“盜寇”稱(cheng)兄道(dao)弟,本(ben)來(lai)(lai)心中就很不高(gao)興,見(jian)蔣(jiang)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)與(yu)(yu)興福飲酒(jiu)歡談,便責(ze)備世(shi)(shi)隆(long)“為那筆尖上(shang)發祿晚,見(jian)這(zhe)刀刃上(shang)變錢疾”,“待風(feng)(feng)高(gao)學放火,月(yue)黑做(zuo)(zuo)強賊(zei)”。最后,她與(yu)(yu)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)“佯做(zuo)(zuo)個(ge)一(yi)(yi)家(jia)一(yi)(yi)計,且著(zhu)這(zhe)脫身(shen)(shen)術謾過(guo)這(zhe)打家(jia)賊(zei)”,總(zong)算和(he)(he)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)一(yi)(yi)起離開(kai)了(le)(le)興福稱(cheng)王(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)寨。
世(shi)(shi)隆(long)與(yu)瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)在旅店里成了婚,不(bu)(bu)意(yi)(yi)世(shi)(shi)隆(long)染病,瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)為他(ta)盡(jin)心護(hu)理,請(qing)醫(yi)調治。恰巧(qiao)王鎮路過旅店,父(fu)(fu)(fu)女(nv)相(xiang)認,瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)向父(fu)(fu)(fu)親(qin)苦(ku)訴戰亂發生后,家業拋撇,人口逃亡,母女(nv)失(shi)散,天各(ge)一方的遭遇(yu)。瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)又向父(fu)(fu)(fu)親(qin)說(shuo)明:因為在兵亂中無(wu)倚無(wu)靠(kao),多得蔣世(shi)(shi)隆(long)幫助(zhu),自(zi)己(ji)已招他(ta)為婿(xu)(xu)了。王鎮一看女(nv)婿(xu)(xu)是個(ge)(ge)窮秀才,非常生氣;“窮秀才幾時有發跡(ji)!”避難中的瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)本來希望(wang)得到(dao)些(xie)“春(chun)光艷陽(yang),東風(feng)和(he)暢”,沒想到(dao)“刬(chan)地凍剝剝的雪上加(jia)霜,無(wu)些(xie)情(qing)腸”。王鎮不(bu)(bu)顧世(shi)(shi)隆(long)生命垂危,不(bu)(bu)顧瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)感(gan)嘆悲傷,毫無(wu)哀憐憫恤之(zhi)意(yi)(yi),強拉瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)離(li)開世(shi)(shi)隆(long)。瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)不(bu)(bu)好違抗嚴(yan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)命,只好請(qing)求父(fu)(fu)(fu)親(qin)容她(ta)向關鍵時刻有恩于自(zi)己(ji)的世(shi)(shi)隆(long)說(shuo)幾句臨別話(hua)。她(ta)要世(shi)(shi)隆(long)好生保重,向世(shi)(shi)隆(long)解(jie)釋(shi)道(dao):“兀(wu)的這是俺親(qin)爺的惡(e)儻,休把您這妻兒怨暢”,“俺這風(feng)雹亂下(xia)的紫袍(pao)郎,不(bu)(bu)識你(ni)(ni)個(ge)(ge)云雷未至的白衣相(xiang)”,她(ta)叮嚀世(shi)(shi)隆(long)注意(yi)(yi)用藥和(he)飲(yin)食,敘(xu)說(shuo)離(li)情(qing)別意(yi)(yi),保證立志(zhi)守節,等(deng)待世(shi)(shi)隆(long):“咱兀(wu)的做夫妻三個(ge)(ge)月時光,你(ni)(ni)莫不(bu)(bu)曾見您這歹渾家說(shuo)個(ge)(ge)謊”。
原來蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)妹(mei)(mei)妹(mei)(mei)蔣瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)與(yu)(yu)哥(ge)哥(ge)失散后(hou)(hou),和(he)王瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)母親相識,被認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)義(yi)女(nv)(nv)。瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)回(hui)家后(hou)(hou),和(he)義(yi)妹(mei)(mei)瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)一(yi)起生活。她(ta)(ta)無(wu)(wu)時無(wu)(wu)刻不(bu)(bu)思(si)(si)念世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long),對父親的(de)(de)賺貧愛富、喜武厭文(wen),很不(bu)(bu)滿意。一(yi)天(tian)她(ta)(ta)隨義(yi)妹(mei)(mei)閑(xian)行(xing)散悶,看(kan)到(dao)“荷葉似花子(zi)般團園(yuan),陂塘似鏡面般瑩潔”,便想到(dao)兒時能使自己(ji)“腹(fu)內(nei)無(wu)(wu)煩(fan)惱(nao),心(xin)中無(wu)(wu)縈惹?似這般青(qing)銅對面妝,翠鈿侵鬢貼!”瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)開玩笑說為(wei)(wei)(wei)她(ta)(ta)找個(ge)可心(xin)女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu),以解心(xin)煩(fan)。她(ta)(ta)回(hui)答說:無(wu)(wu)女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu)快活,有女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu)受苦(ku);有了女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu),“六(liu)親每早是(shi)說;又道是(shi)丈夫行(xing)親熱,爺娘行(xing)特地(di)心(xin)別”。她(ta)(ta)心(xin)想女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu)是(shi)真(zhen),不(bu)(bu)要女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu)也是(shi)真(zhen);她(ta)(ta)說不(bu)(bu)要女(nv)(nv)婿(xu)(xu)以免六(liu)親說閑(xian)話是(shi)帶氣(qi)的(de)(de)真(zhen)話,是(shi)對父親拆散她(ta)(ta)與(yu)(yu)世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)滿。把義(yi)妹(mei)(mei)打發(fa)歇(xie)息去后(hou)(hou),她(ta)(ta)讓梅香(xiang)(xiang)安排桌幾,燒柱(zhu)夜(ye)香(xiang)(xiang),遙向(xiang)世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)傾訴心(xin)事(shi)。她(ta)(ta)第一(yi)柱(zhu)香(xiang)(xiang)只(zhi)愿(yuan)尊(zun)君改變主意,第二柱(zhu)香(xiang)(xiang)祝愿(yuan)世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)身體痊愈,夫婦團園(yuan),永不(bu)(bu)分離(li)。她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)話被義(yi)妹(mei)(mei)瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)聽見,羞得(de)(de)臉紅(hong)腮(sai)熱,只(zhi)好(hao)把她(ta)(ta)和(he)蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)結識經(jing)過告訴瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)。瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)聽了為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)啼哭,瑞(rui)(rui)蘭(lan)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)是(shi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)“舊妻妾”,當(dang)得(de)(de)知(zhi)瑞(rui)(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)是(shi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)親妹(mei)(mei)妹(mei)(mei),眼前(qian)的(de)(de)義(yi)妹(mei)(mei)就(jiu)是(shi)自己(ji)的(de)(de)小姑(gu)姑(gu),自己(ji)這個(ge)姐(jie)姐(jie)就(jiu)是(shi)她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)嫂嫂時,不(bu)(bu)由得(de)(de)變悲為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜,更(geng)加(jia)痛恨她(ta)(ta)那(nei)“狠(hen)爹爹”,更(geng)加(jia)思(si)(si)念蔣世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long);“沒盤(pan)纏,在店舍,有誰人,廝抬貼?那(nei)消疏,那(nei)凄切,生分離(li),廝拋(pao)撇!從相別,恁時節(jie),音書(shu)無(wu)(wu),信息絕(jue)。”自己(ji)“這些時眼跳腮(sai)紅(hong)耳輪熱,眠夢交雜不(bu)(bu)寧(ning)貼”。世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)他“暑濕風寒縱較些,多被那(nei)煩(fan)惱(nao)憂愁上送了也”。可以看(kan)出,她(ta)(ta)與(yu)(yu)世(shi)(shi)(shi)隆(long)(long)(long)親妹(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)意外相認(ren),使她(ta)(ta)那(nei)無(wu)(wu)法(fa)排遣的(de)(de)相思(si)(si)之(zhi)情為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)緩解,但(dan)接(jie)踵而來的(de)(de)便是(shi)這種(zhong)相思(si)(si)之(zhi)情的(de)(de)更(geng)加(jia)無(wu)(wu)限的(de)(de)延伸。
封建勢利的王鎮,為了(le)家里(li)將相雙全,旁人(ren)羨慕,不顧瑞(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)反對(dui),要招(zhao)文(wen)武(wu)狀元為婿(xu),王鎮是兵部(bu)尚書,重(zhong)武(wu)輕(qing)文(wen),讓親生女兒瑞(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)招(zhao)武(wu)狀元,讓義女瑞(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)招(zhao)文(wen)狀元。瑞(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)從心(xin)里(li)羨慕瑞(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)“貪著個斷簡殘編,恭(gong)儉溫良好繾綣”,不滿于自(zi)己“貪著個輕(qing)工短箭,粗豪(hao)勇猛惡因緣”。使她意料不到的是,武(wu)狀元原(yuan)來(lai)是陀滿興(xing)福,文(wen)狀元就是蔣世(shi)(shi)隆(long)。她責(ze)怪世(shi)(shi)隆(long)得官招(zhao)親,把她拋(pao)撇,詛咒說:“虧心(xin)的上有青天(tian)”。蔣世(shi)(shi)隆(long)責(ze)怪瑞(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)食言失節,另(ling)招(zhao)佳婿(xu),把他(ta)忘懷。瑞(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)表白自(zi)己對(dui)他(ta)“情(qing)(qing)脈脈,恨綿(mian)綿(mian)”,“晝忘飲饌夜無眠”的思念之情(qing)(qing),她讓世(shi)(shi)隆(long)于沒人(ren)處問瑞(rui)蓮(lian)(lian),“兀那瑞(rui)蓮(lian)(lian),便是證見”。事已至此,王鎮只(zhi)好改變計劃,讓瑞(rui)蘭(lan)(lan)與世(shi)(shi)隆(long)團園,瑞(rui)蓮(lian)(lian)和興(xing)福結合。
關(guan)(guan)漢(han)卿(約(yue)(yue)1220年──1300年),元(yuan)代(dai)(dai)雜劇(ju)作(zuo)家(jia)。是中國(guo)古代(dai)(dai)戲曲創作(zuo)的代(dai)(dai)表(biao)人物。號已齋(一(yi)(yi)作(zuo)一(yi)(yi)齋)、己(ji)齋叟(sou)。漢(han)族(zu),解州(zhou)人(今(jin)山(shan)西省運城),關(guan)(guan)于他的籍貫,還有(you)祁州(zhou)(今(jin)河北省安國(guo)縣)伍仁村、大(da)(da)都(今(jin)北京(jing)市)人,大(da)(da)約(yue)(yue)生于金代(dai)(dai)末年(約(yue)(yue)公元(yuan)1220年前(qian)后(hou)),卒于元(yuan)成(cheng)宗大(da)(da)德初年(約(yue)(yue)公元(yuan)1300年前(qian)后(hou))。與馬致遠、鄭光祖(zu)、白樸(pu)并稱為“元(yuan)曲四大(da)(da)家(jia)”,關(guan)(guan)漢(han)卿位于“元(yuan)曲四大(da)(da)家(jia)”之首(shou)。
此劇(ju)把大家(jia)閨秀(xiu)(xiu)、尚書之女王(wang)瑞蘭在與(yu)蔣(jiang)世(shi)隆(long)(long)結(jie)合過程中微妙的(de)(de)(de)思想感情表現得細致逼真,生(sheng)動自然(ran)(ran)。她本沒有自己(ji)挑選(xuan)女婿(xu)的(de)(de)(de)心愿,戰亂使(shi)她與(yu)世(shi)隆(long)(long)相遇,患(huan)難使(shi)她與(yu)窮(qiong)秀(xiu)(xiu)才結(jie)合。她對世(shi)隆(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)忠誠(cheng)有兩(liang)個思想基礎:一(yi)是世(shi)隆(long)(long)在關鍵時刻使(shi)她免遭亂軍擄(lu)掠(lve),二是自古(gu)及今,沒有那個人(ren)一(yi)生(sheng)下來(lai)(lai)便做(zuo)大官享富貴,世(shi)隆(long)(long)現在窮(qiong),將來(lai)(lai)總會發(fa)跡(ji)的(de)(de)(de)。后來(lai)(lai)瑞蓮開玩(wan)笑說為(wei)她找女婿(xu),嚴父(fu)為(wei)她招狀(zhuang)元,她的(de)(de)(de)心里(li)反映很不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)樣(yang),但都是很矛(mao)盾的(de)(de)(de),然(ran)(ran)而忠于世(shi)隆(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)心卻又是堅定不(bu)(bu)(bu)移(yi)的(de)(de)(de),最后終于得到了一(yi)個意料不(bu)(bu)(bu)到的(de)(de)(de)美滿結(jie)局。對世(shi)隆(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)始(shi)棄終就則是對嫌貧愛富、重武輕文的(de)(de)(de)王(wang)鎮的(de)(de)(de)絕妙諷刺。戰亂打亂了人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)正常生(sheng)活秩序,使(shi)許多人(ren)棄家(jia)流離;但戰亂也(ye)給象王(wang)瑞蘭這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)大家(jia)閨秀(xiu)(xiu)提供了自己(ji)決(jue)定自己(ji)命運的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件,可謂因禍得福(fu)。在這里(li),作家(jia)并沒有把戰亂完(wan)全當做(zuo)一(yi)件壞事來(lai)(lai)寫(xie)。
后來(lai)又出別人據(ju)此改編的:
施惠(元)著《幽閨佳(jia)人拜(bai)月亭》(又名拜(bai)月亭)