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人物簡介

左懋第（1601年(nian)(nian)－1645年(nian)(nian)），字仲及，號蘿石，山東萊陽人(ren)。大(da)明(ming)(ming)赴清談和使者，后被清朝(chao)(chao)扣押(ya)，寧(ning)死不降，后人(ren)稱“明(ming)(ming)末文天(tian)祥”。明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)末年(nian)(nian)，國家內(nei)憂外患，危(wei)機四伏，大(da)廈(sha)將傾，萊陽進(jin)士左懋第卻登(deng)上了人(ren)生最壯美的(de)舞(wu)臺。他(ta)治(zhi)理(li)韓城，政(zheng)績優異，考選欽定第一，由(you)知縣擢升朝(chao)(chao)中擔任要職(zhi)，成為(wei)威(wei)宗皇帝信(xin)任的(de)股肱之(zhi)臣。崇(chong)禎甲申（1644），清兵(bing)入關(guan)，國難當頭(tou)，他(ta)挺(ting)身(shen)而出，與清朝(chao)(chao)攝政(zheng)王(wang)多爾袞唇槍舌劍，堅決維護大(da)明(ming)(ming)尊嚴(yan)。面對酷刑和威(wei)逼利誘，他(ta)寧(ning)作大(da)明(ming)(ming)鬼，不當清朝(chao)(chao)王(wang)，成為(wei)比肩文天(tian)祥的(de)民族英雄(xiong)。

萊(lai)陽左(zuo)氏(shi)，一世祖(zu)左(zuo)原。明永樂(le)間自章丘遷(qian)徙至(zhi)萊(lai)陽。左(zuo)原生(sheng)(sheng)左(zuo)盛，左(zuo)盛生(sheng)(sheng)左(zuo)方(fang)，左(zuo)方(fang)生(sheng)(sheng)文升，文升生(sheng)(sheng)奎、英、彥。左(zuo)懋第(di)(di)祖(zu)父左(zuo)奎，生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)龍、之(zhi)(zhi)藩(fan)、之(zhi)(zhi)禎。左(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)龍（1550-1623），字用化(hua)，號云樓，萬歷(li)己卯(mao)（1579）舉(ju)人，歷(li)任河(he)北房山、良鄉知(zhi)(zhi)縣，陜西西華(hua)知(zhi)(zhi)縣，延安(an)府(fu)同知(zhi)(zhi)，灤州知(zhi)(zhi)州，署北平太守(shou)，南京刑部廣東司員外郎(lang)、河(he)南司郎(lang)中。誥授奉政大夫(fu)(fu)、敕封(feng)光祿(lu)大夫(fu)(fu)。繼配陳氏(shi)，寧海(hai)指(zhi)揮僉事(shi)陳治安(an)長女，敕封(feng)夫(fu)(fu)人，生(sheng)(sheng)左(zuo)懋第(di)(di)。左(zuo)懋第(di)(di)、左(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)龍墓地在萊(lai)陽市沐浴店鎮北旺村。

青年(nian)才俊少(shao)負(fu)大志

萬(wan)歷四(si)十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)（1615），左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)與堂(tang)兄(xiong)弟左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)泰、左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)芬、左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)桂、左(zuo)良輔(fu)等(deng)人參加了(le)著名(ming)的文(wen)(wen)社(she)山(shan)左(zuo)大(da)社(she)（復社(she)分(fen)支）。據《萊(lai)陽縣(xian)志》記載，山(shan)左(zuo)大(da)社(she)91名(ming)成員(yuan)，萊(lai)陽人占(zhan)了(le)十(shi)(shi)之(zhi)六七。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)經常參加交游聚會，切磋學(xue)問(wen)，評說時(shi)局，文(wen)(wen)名(ming)遠揚。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)的父親在(zai)萊(lai)陽城西(xi)(xi)郊(jiao)建有(you)(you)“西(xi)(xi)墅草(cao)堂(tang)”，草(cao)堂(tang)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)一處“浴(yu)月(yue)臺(tai)”，左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)經常與兄(xiong)弟和同學(xue)來此(ci)讀(du)書，詩(shi)文(wen)(wen)唱和。母親陳氏，是(shi)寧(ning)海州（今牟平）指(zhi)揮僉事(shi)陳治安之(zhi)女(nv)，懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)經常往來于萊(lai)陽、寧(ning)海之(zhi)間(jian)。天啟二(er)年(nian)（1622），左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)游昆(kun)崳(yu)山(shan)煙霞(xia)洞，聽聞(wen)寧(ning)海州張(zhang)國(guo)俊將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)在(zai)平定白蓮(lian)教(jiao)之(zhi)亂(luan)中(zhong)(zhong)戰(zhan)死，年(nian)僅28歲，懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)分(fen)惋惜，作詩(shi)《挽張(zhang)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)》：“孰若海上張(zhang)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)，慷慨(kai)殺賊生絕?。……血(xue)漬(zi)寒沙英(ying)魂(hun)歸，風悲(bei)鬼嘯昏白晝。”天啟三年(nian)（1623），萊(lai)陽縣(xian)教(jiao)諭朱?在(zai)縣(xian)學(xue)里選拔左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)、張(zhang)允掄等(deng)八位優秀學(xue)生加上自己，組成“九(jiu)龍(long)社(she)”，一起上課研討學(xue)問(wen)，左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)頗受器重，成為“九(jiu)龍(long)”中(zhong)(zhong)的佼佼者。后人評價他(ta)：“為諸生，即(ji)負(fu)海內盛名(ming)。為文(wen)(wen)高(gao)古(gu)雄奧，不可一世。”贊(zan)譽他(ta)：“學(xue)富(fu)五車二(er)酉，文(wen)(wen)追東洛西(xi)(xi)京。”

左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)正直，胸懷大(da)志，青少年時(shi)即(ji)關注國家(jia)命運。天啟六年（1626），權臣魏(wei)忠賢(xian)授意黨羽編編纂《三(san)朝會典》，借以(yi)(yi)誣陷打(da)擊(ji)東(dong)林黨人(ren)(ren)。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)讀后(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)憤(fen)恨，認為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)是(shi)“變亂是(shi)非，顛(dian)倒賢(xian)佞。”手指纂修諸人(ren)(ren)姓(xing)名，說(shuo)：“此皆邪(xie)佞之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)。”手擊(ji)紙(zhi)碎。當他(ta)得知翰林院編修陳(chen)明卿先生(sheng)(sheng)因得罪魏(wei)忠賢(xian)而被(bei)削職時(shi)，十分氣憤(fen)，作文予以(yi)(yi)抨擊(ji)，抒發心中不(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)。崇禎(zhen)二(er)年（1629），白蓮教(jiao)教(jiao)徒董大(da)成(cheng)聚(ju)眾五千(qian)人(ren)(ren)圍(wei)攻萊陽縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。萊陽承平(ping)已久，人(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)識兵，形(xing)勢非常危急，縣衙只好組織城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)里(li)的(de)紳(shen)士、市民自衛(wei)(wei)。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)自告奮勇(yong)，登上(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻，開(kai)炮擊(ji)賊，結果炮膛炸裂，自己差點被(bei)炸死。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)仍奮不(bu)(bu)(bu)顧身，簡單(dan)包扎(zha)后(hou)，再(zai)次(ci)舉炮轟擊(ji)敵(di)人(ren)(ren)，并擊(ji)中敵(di)人(ren)(ren)首領。董大(da)成(cheng)見取勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)無(wu)望，率眾遁去，后(hou)逃至蒙陰(yin)被(bei)殺。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)英勇(yong)事跡(ji)傳遍膠(jiao)東(dong)士林，這(zhe)次(ci)戰(zhan)斗也(ye)(ye)是(shi)他(ta)人(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)中的(de)一(yi)次(ci)重要(yao)經歷，對(dui)日后(hou)的(de)仕途生(sheng)(sheng)涯產生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)重要(yao)影響。崇禎(zhen)三(san)年（1630），左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)鄉試考中亞元(yuan)（第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)名），翌年聯捷成(cheng)進士。大(da)詩人(ren)(ren)吳偉業、張(zhang)溥也(ye)(ye)高(gao)中進士。萊陽縣的(de)姜?、沈迅則與左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)同榜，三(san)人(ren)(ren)志同道(dao)合，皆以(yi)(yi)志節留(liu)名史冊，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)著名的(de)“明末萊陽三(san)君子”。其時(shi)左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)叔父(fu)左(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)武任(ren)登州衛(wei)(wei)鎮撫，姐夫孫承祖任(ren)登州衛(wei)(wei)游擊(ji)將軍。左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)與親友一(yi)起來(lai)到蓬萊游珠(zhu)璣崖，見大(da)魚長(chang)約(yue)數丈，出沒濤中，乃乘(cheng)興題詩石(shi)壁：“水撲青天濤卷(juan)雪，石(shi)峰片片皆奇絕(jue)。浮白狂歌長(chang)吉(ji)詩，元(yuan)氣茫茫收(shou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得。”崇禎(zhen)五年（1632）八月，左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)授陜西韓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知縣。韓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地處黃河(he)之(zhi)(zhi)濱，歷來(lai)有“秦中最敝邑”之(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)，由于連(lian)年災害，流(liu)寇(kou)四起，民不(bu)(bu)(bu)聊生(sheng)(sheng)，這(zhe)對(dui)初出茅廬的(de)左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)來(lai)說(shuo)無(wu)疑是(shi)踏上(shang)仕途的(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)場嚴峻(jun)考驗。“郡縣治，天下安。”左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)熟讀史書(shu)和(he)儒家(jia)經典，深知自己擔(dan)負(fu)的(de)責任(ren)，面對(dui)艱難局面，沒有退縮，決心有所作為(wei)(wei)。他(ta)在給恩師陳(chen)明卿的(de)信中說(shuo)：“聞(wen)命之(zhi)(zhi)初，恐愧戰(zhan)栗，知不(bu)(bu)(bu)勝(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)任(ren)，嚴訓之(zhi)(zhi)下，不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢重違，勉(mian)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)。”十月，左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)與母(mu)親一(yi)起來(lai)到韓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，開(kai)始(shi)了(le)十三(san)年的(de)仕宦生(sheng)(sheng)涯。

主要經歷

1、韓城保衛戰

抗敵(di)御(yu)寇(kou)，保障一方平安(an)，維(wei)護群眾(zhong)正常的生(sheng)活生(sheng)產秩(zhi)序。崇(chong)禎(zhen)初年(nian)(nian)，農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)起義風起云涌，土匪盜賊(zei)(zei)四起，韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)尤其猖獗。崇(chong)禎(zhen)五年(nian)(nian)（1632）十(shi)(shi)月(yue)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)剛到(dao)韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)，原任知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)外出(chu)(chu)(chu)未歸，尚未正式交接公務，就遇上(shang)(shang)流(liu)寇(kou)侵(qin)擾(rao)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)隨(sui)即下令各(ge)鄉收斂糧畜，堅壁清(qing)野，接著(zhu)征兵(bing)、調餉、防河、守(shou)城(cheng)，成功地擊(ji)退(tui)了(le)敵(di)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)西(xi)北山(shan)(shan)(shan)中乃流(liu)賊(zei)(zei)舊(jiu)巢，殘(can)余(yu)(yu)五七(qi)百(bai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)盤踞山(shan)(shan)(shan)中，時常出(chu)(chu)(chu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)搶(qiang)掠，農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)敢上(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)耕種(zhong)土地，附(fu)近百(bai)姓也無法安(an)生(sheng)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)憤(fen)然曰：“無農(nong)，民(min)(min)(min)胡以(yi)為命？寇(kou)不(bu)(bu)清(qing)，民(min)(min)(min)又安(an)得(de)而農(nong)耶？”于(yu)是，招(zhao)募(mu)十(shi)(shi)一路民(min)(min)(min)兵(bing)，親(qin)(qin)自(zi)指揮(hui)，清(qing)剿山(shan)(shan)(shan)中流(liu)賊(zei)(zei)余(yu)(yu)孽，部分(fen)逃往山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)，相戒以(yi)后(hou)(hou)“毋入韓(han)(han)(han)境(jing)”。對于(yu)抓獲的三四十(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，則令其回家種(zhong)田(tian)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)下車伊始，果斷(duan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)手(shou)，指揮(hui)有(you)方，得(de)到(dao)韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)士紳百(bai)姓的贊許。崇(chong)禎(zhen)六年(nian)(nian)（1633）十(shi)(shi)二月(yue)，流(liu)寇(kou)千余(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)西(xi)渡黃河侵(qin)襲韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)。這一年(nian)(nian)韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)夏無雨冬(dong)無雪，遭遇嚴(yan)重干旱。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)一邊組織抗旱救災(zai)(zai)，一邊戎裝上(shang)(shang)陣，親(qin)(qin)自(zi)督兵(bing)進山(shan)(shan)(shan)五十(shi)(shi)里(li)追剿，指揮(hui)士兵(bing)于(yu)河上(shang)(shang)作戰(zhan)，取得(de)勝利(li)。崇(chong)禎(zhen)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)（1634）二、三月(yue)，流(liu)寇(kou)再入韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)。干旱導致莊稼絕收，韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)發生(sheng)饑荒。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)想方設法賑濟災(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)的同時，組織協調軍(jun)隊御(yu)敵(di)，敵(di)退(tui)，乘勝追擊(ji)120里(li)而還。崇(chong)禎(zhen)八年(nian)(nian)（1635），農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)起義愈(yu)演(yan)愈(yu)烈，七(qi)月(yue)、十(shi)(shi)一月(yue)兩(liang)次侵(qin)擾(rao)韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)，韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)全線告急。特別是十(shi)(shi)一月(yue)至次年(nian)(nian)正月(yue)的40多天(tian)里(li)，民(min)(min)(min)軍(jun)、流(liu)寇(kou)數萬人(ren)(ren)(ren)圍困縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)，日(ri)夜吶喊(han)攻殺，戰(zhan)斗(dou)(dou)十(shi)(shi)分(fen)激(ji)烈，形(xing)勢(shi)岌(ji)岌(ji)可危。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)每日(ri)與(yu)守(shou)軍(jun)將領(ling)研究戰(zhan)斗(dou)(dou)方案，“以(yi)火(huo)器擊(ji)之，以(yi)步兵(bing)接戰(zhan)，于(yu)城(cheng)外筑攔馬墻，城(cheng)內筑敵(di)臺，伏義兵(bing)，設火(huo)炮，賊(zei)(zei)不(bu)(bu)能攻，意(yi)在坐困。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)會商士紳相約(yue)分(fen)守(shou)四門(men)，親(qin)(qin)自(zi)巡(xun)查(cha)城(cheng)防，調度(du)部署。西(xi)門(men)最為緊要，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)夜宿(su)其上(shang)(shang)，意(yi)氣風發，閱讀兵(bing)書，指揮(hui)若定。戰(zhan)斗(dou)(dou)閑暇“從容賦詩不(bu)(bu)少(shao)休，見(jian)者以(yi)為神人(ren)(ren)(ren)。”最后(hou)(hou)“賊(zei)(zei)不(bu)(bu)能入，前后(hou)(hou)共攻四十(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)日(ri)方引去。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)知(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)善(shan)任，身(shen)先士卒，枕戈待旦(dan)40余(yu)(yu)日(ri)，贏得(de)了(le)韓(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)保衛戰(zhan)的勝利(li)。

2、韓城為官，愛民恤民

左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)雖為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)介(jie)書(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，但(dan)對(dui)用(yong)兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)卻有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)番獨到(dao)(dao)見解(jie)。崇(chong)(chong)禎四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1631）冬，膠東發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)登萊事變，明將孔(kong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)德等(deng)攻(gong)陷登州，登州衛(wei)總兵張扶輿自(zi)殺殉(xun)難(nan)(nan)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)得(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)好友殉(xun)難(nan)(nan)，哀傷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)《陣圖》一(yi)(yi)(yi)書(shu)作序，說到(dao)(dao)：“余(yu)書(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)兵，然(ran)(ran)(ran)竊見其(qi)條理錯(cuo)綜(zong)，可(ke)(ke)教(jiao)民(min)(min)(min)(min)猛果克戰斗。民(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猛果生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)將可(ke)(ke)恃，而(er)(er)(er)將之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)恃，惟用(yong)兵有(you)(you)(you)(you)法(fa)。”明末清初(chu)學者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)屈大均(jun)則(ze)評價左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)：“初(chu)知(zhi)韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)，流(liu)寇三薄韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，再躪其(qi)境，懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)率士(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)而(er)(er)(er)戰，身當(dang)鋒，輒大破(po)走(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。關中保障，推懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)憑借忠勇謀(mou)略，力(li)保一(yi)(yi)(yi)方平安(an)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方紳(shen)(shen)民(min)(min)(min)(min)稱(cheng)贊，省(sheng)府(fu)政要、封疆大吏也(ye)對(dui)他(ta)(ta)(ta)刮目(mu)相(xiang)看。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)力(li)救(jiu)(jiu)災(zai)(zai)，拯救(jiu)(jiu)饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，化解(jie)社會危機(ji)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)初(chu)到(dao)(dao)韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，忙(mang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)剿匪御寇，幾乎無(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寧(ning)日。同(tong)時，嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災(zai)(zai)荒(huang)也(ye)給(gei)這(zhe)位(wei)初(chu)來(lai)乍到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)縣(xian)(xian)令嚴(yan)峻考驗。崇(chong)(chong)禎五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1632）“冬無(wu)(wu)雪，春田遲，遂(sui)無(wu)(wu)麥(mai)(mai)。夏又(you)雨少(shao)，秋霜早，殺谷無(wu)(wu)禾。”六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1633），“冬又(you)無(wu)(wu)雪，麥(mai)(mai)子不(bu)(bu)(bu)入(ru)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1634），“春又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)雨，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)皆(jie)焦(jiao)土(tu)。”連(lian)續(xu)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旱災(zai)(zai)使(shi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)陷入(ru)饑(ji)荒(huang)，許(xu)(xu)多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)被餓(e)死。百(bai)姓(xing)從(cong)吃草根(gen)刮樹(shu)皮，發(fa)展到(dao)(dao)賣妻(qi)鬻子，刮死人(ren)(ren)(ren)肉而(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)這(zhe)位(wei)善良(liang)正直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封建縣(xian)(xian)令目(mu)睹慘(can)狀，不(bu)(bu)(bu)禁(jin)(jin)潸(shan)然(ran)(ran)(ran)淚下(xia)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊(bian)把(ba)觸目(mu)驚心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災(zai)(zai)情向上(shang)級如(ru)(ru)實(shi)(shi)報告，請(qing)求賑(zhen)(zhen)濟(ji)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊(bian)想方設(she)(she)法(fa)、竭盡(jin)(jin)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)力(li)在全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)范圍內組織救(jiu)(jiu)災(zai)(zai)。崇(chong)(chong)禎六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1633）年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)倡導“捐(juan)(juan)(juan)俸(feng)勸賑(zhen)(zhen)法(fa)”，帶(dai)頭捐(juan)(juan)(juan)俸(feng)銀(yin)50兩，發(fa)動官(guan)紳(shen)(shen)和(he)(he)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)富(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)而(er)(er)(er)好義者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)捐(juan)(juan)(juan)銀(yin)賑(zhen)(zhen)濟(ji)饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，共得(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)250兩。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)親(qin)自(zi)下(xia)鄉排查(cha)，查(cha)出(chu)餓(e)得(de)(de)(de)奄(yan)奄(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)息(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)3529人(ren)(ren)(ren)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點救(jiu)(jiu)助對(dui)象(xiang)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)分八(ba)個(ge)救(jiu)(jiu)濟(ji)點進行救(jiu)(jiu)助。崇(chong)(chong)禎七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1634）春，災(zai)(zai)情加(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)，饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)實(shi)(shi)行“各(ge)(ge)(ge)里(li)賑(zhen)(zhen)各(ge)(ge)(ge)里(li)法(fa)”，饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)由(you)各(ge)(ge)(ge)里(li)鄉紳(shen)(shen)和(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)(you)威望的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耆老核(he)定(ding)，查(cha)出(chu)急(ji)需救(jiu)(jiu)濟(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)5200人(ren)(ren)(ren)，由(you)各(ge)(ge)(ge)里(li)耆老主持救(jiu)(jiu)濟(ji)。又(you)查(cha)得(de)(de)(de)里(li)甲不(bu)(bu)(bu)收和(he)(he)流(liu)浪街頭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)311人(ren)(ren)(ren)，在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北門(men)外設(she)(she)粥廠(chang)賑(zhen)(zhen)濟(ji)。同(tong)時，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)把(ba)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)按(an)照(zhao)“極(ji)(ji)(ji)貧(pin)(pin)、次貧(pin)(pin)、又(you)次貧(pin)(pin)”分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三類，共計14000多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，造(zao)冊上(shang)報，得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)朝(chao)廷賑(zhen)(zhen)銀(yin)1437兩。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區別災(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)情況發(fa)放賑(zhen)(zhen)銀(yin)，還(huan)對(dui)貧(pin)(pin)困的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀書(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)給(gei)予(yu)特別照(zhao)顧，極(ji)(ji)(ji)貧(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)18名(ming)，每人(ren)(ren)(ren)給(gei)銀(yin)二(er)(er)錢(qian)，次貧(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)29名(ming)，每人(ren)(ren)(ren)給(gei)銀(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)錢(qian)五(wu)(wu)分，盡(jin)(jin)力(li)使(shi)學子們不(bu)(bu)(bu)因(yin)貧(pin)(pin)困輟學。韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)缺糧(liang)(liang)(liang)，百(bai)姓(xing)數(shu)米而(er)(er)(er)炊，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)防(fang)止市場糧(liang)(liang)(liang)價暴(bao)漲，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)捐(juan)(juan)(juan)俸(feng)買粟100石，又(you)發(fa)動其(qi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)官(guan)紳(shen)(shen)捐(juan)(juan)(juan)粟2000石，設(she)(she)置“常平倉”，在全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)行“平準(zhun)法(fa)”，平抑糧(liang)(liang)(liang)價，規定(ding)“私糶(tiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)禁(jin)(jin)，必至于(yu)(yu)(yu)市。”使(shi)災(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)拿(na)到(dao)(dao)賑(zhen)(zhen)銀(yin)后(hou)(hou)(hou)能(neng)夠(gou)買到(dao)(dao)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)賑(zhen)(zhen)災(zai)(zai)得(de)(de)(de)法(fa)，措施(shi)可(ke)(ke)行，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)活數(shu)萬人(ren)(ren)(ren)，大大減(jian)少(shao)了(le)(le)死亡和(he)(he)流(liu)亡人(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)，韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)百(bai)姓(xing)十分感(gan)念他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功德。愛民(min)(min)(min)(min)恤(xu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)減(jian)免賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)，減(jian)輕(qing)百(bai)姓(xing)負擔。韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)連(lian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)災(zai)(zai)害，饑(ji)荒(huang)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)，但(dan)百(bai)姓(xing)卻仍然(ran)(ran)(ran)負擔沉重(zhong)(zhong)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)決(jue)心(xin)(xin)(xin)改變現狀，給(gei)百(bai)姓(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條活路。韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“戶口不(bu)(bu)(bu)啻以十余(yu)萬計，而(er)(er)(er)富(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過十之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)、三，其(qi)余(yu)皆(jie)饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)矣。”而(er)(er)(er)且“賊殘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)散其(qi)半(ban)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)荒(huang)其(qi)七。”饑(ji)民(min)(min)(min)(min)連(lian)飯都吃不(bu)(bu)(bu)上(shang)，拿(na)什(shen)么(me)交稅(shui)(shui)？因(yin)此(ci)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)拖欠嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)，“（崇(chong)(chong)禎）四、五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)拖欠至五(wu)(wu)千兩，而(er)(er)(er)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)未完，將浮于(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)萬兩。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)毅(yi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)多(duo)次上(shang)書(shu)，請(qing)求將韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)拖欠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)部蠲免，并暫(zan)緩征收新稅(shui)(shui)，給(gei)百(bai)姓(xing)休養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)會。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國家征收賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)本(ben)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)封建縣(xian)(xian)令最基本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)責，考核(he)升遷全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)賴于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)忍心(xin)(xin)(xin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功名(ming)利祿而(er)(er)(er)向“無(wu)(wu)居(ju)、無(wu)(wu)衣(yi)、無(wu)(wu)食(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)百(bai)姓(xing)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)皮無(wu)(wu)肉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤子”征收賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)說：“功令既不(bu)(bu)(bu)寬我，我也(ye)甘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)說：“畏功令而(er)(er)(er)迫(po)于(yu)(yu)(yu)催科，既不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)完賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)，而(er)(er)(er)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)以傷國家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元氣，卑職(zhi)所不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢出(chu)也(ye)。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：“民(min)(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)安(an)其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，吏難(nan)(nan)盡(jin)(jin)其(qi)職(zhi)。”作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)封建官(guan)吏能(neng)夠(gou)把(ba)百(bai)姓(xing)疾苦放在第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)顧個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)前途安(an)危，實(shi)(shi)屬難(nan)(nan)得(de)(de)(de)。除(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)連(lian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)災(zai)(zai)荒(huang)，韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)百(bai)姓(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活貧(pin)(pin)困拖欠賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)(zhong)要原因(yin)就(jiu)是空賠(pei)錢(qian)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)。韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)自(zi)嘉(jia)靖四十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1561年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）丈(zhang)(zhang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)均(jun)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)以后(hou)(hou)(hou)，按(an)照(zhao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)畝(mu)數(shu)繳(jiao)納(na)(na)(na)錢(qian)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)。韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處黃河(he)(he)(he)岸邊(bian)，大量(liang)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)被沖(chong)毀崩塌(ta)，農民(min)(min)(min)(min)失去了(le)(le)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，70多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)卻一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)要按(an)照(zhao)嘉(jia)靖四十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)確(que)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)畝(mu)數(shu)交納(na)(na)(na)賦(fu)(fu)(fu)稅(shui)(shui)，每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)空賠(pei)銀(yin)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)兩千余(yu)石，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)復(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，農民(min)(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活難(nan)(nan)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)繼，“死者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)半(ban)、逃(tao)(tao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)半(ban)”。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)鄉巡視，看到(dao)(dao)近岸村(cun)莊因(yin)“賠(pei)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)賣屋(wu)，屋(wu)盡(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)逃(tao)(tao)與(yu)死也(ye)。沿河(he)(he)(he)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，老幼萬余(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)……皆(jie)身無(wu)(wu)完衣(yi)。”面對(dui)慘(can)狀，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)心(xin)(xin)(xin)急(ji)如(ru)(ru)焚(fen)。崇(chong)(chong)禎八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1635）十月，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)與(yu)縣(xian)(xian)內士(shi)(shi)紳(shen)(shen)反復(fu)磋商，毅(yi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)決(jue)定(ding)在全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)范圍內重(zhong)(zhong)新丈(zhang)(zhang)量(liang)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，平均(jun)田賦(fu)(fu)(fu)，徹底(di)改變韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)百(bai)姓(xing)空賠(pei)錢(qian)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現狀，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)百(bai)姓(xing)“除(chu)(chu)百(bai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害，興百(bai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利。”這(zhe)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)項極(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作，涉及到(dao)(dao)各(ge)(ge)(ge)個(ge)階層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利益，阻力(li)很大，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)做了(le)(le)精(jing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)細致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)排。他(ta)(ta)(ta)頒(ban)布了(le)(le)《均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)法(fa)則(ze)示》，設(she)(she)計了(le)(le)程序嚴(yan)密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“三番清丈(zhang)(zhang)法(fa)”：各(ge)(ge)(ge)里(li)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)清丈(zhang)(zhang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)畝(mu)數(shu)，造(zao)《魚鱗(lin)冊》上(shang)報縣(xian)(xian)里(li)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)再率人(ren)(ren)(ren)逐(zhu)里(li)抽丈(zhang)(zhang)，最后(hou)(hou)(hou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)28里(li)互相(xiang)復(fu)丈(zhang)(zhang)。三番清丈(zhang)(zhang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，允(yun)許(xu)(xu)彼此(ci)舉(ju)報，如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)揭發(fa)舉(ju)報，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)則(ze)親(qin)自(zi)帶(dai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)前往丈(zhang)(zhang)量(liang)。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)故意“隱漏”、“受(shou)賄”及“強梁不(bu)(bu)(bu)公”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，“依律定(ding)罪，決(jue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)食(shi)(shi)言”。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)防(fang)止有(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)行賄，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)命所有(you)(you)(you)(you)工作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員“各(ge)(ge)(ge)帶(dai)口糧(liang)(liang)(liang)，遇村(cun)鎮隨便(bian)買食(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)許(xu)(xu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方搭棚結彩(cai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)準(zhun)備飯獻(xian)茶(cha)。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)避勞(lao)怨，專精(jing)力(li)行，從(cong)而(er)(er)(er)準(zhun)確(que)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)掌握了(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)數(shu)量(liang)，做到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)田則(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)，無(wu)(wu)田則(ze)無(wu)(wu)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)。”韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)百(bai)姓(xing)數(shu)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)空賠(pei)錢(qian)糧(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)大弊(bi)端終于(yu)(yu)(yu)革除(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)，廣(guang)大農民(min)(min)(min)(min)奔走(zou)相(xiang)告，拍(pai)手稱(cheng)快(kuai)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)指導編寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《魚鱗(lin)冊》，用(yong)來(lai)管理河(he)(he)(he)岸灘地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，解(jie)決(jue)了(le)(le)河(he)(he)(he)水淹沒(mei)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)無(wu)(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)可(ke)(ke)耕(geng)(geng)種和(he)(he)河(he)(he)(he)水退后(hou)(hou)(hou)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)耕(geng)(geng)種仍要納(na)(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難(nan)(nan)題，此(ci)舉(ju)深(shen)得(de)(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)認可(ke)(ke)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)世沿用(yong)至今。

崇尚節(jie)儉(jian)，割除(chu)陋(lou)習，嚴禁(jin)奢(she)靡(mi)(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)。左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)在(zai)韓城(cheng)期間，十分(fen)注重訪聽民(min)間疾苦(ku)和(he)風(feng)土人(ren)情(qing)。他“深山(shan)窮谷，足跡(ji)殆遍。”發(fa)現韓城(cheng)習俗(su)(su)有(you)崇尚奢(she)侈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)，“相沿不(bu)止，勢且(qie)繁多。”特(te)別是(shi)婚(hun)喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)嫁(jia)(jia)娶(qu)方(fang)面禮(li)(li)數(shu)繁瑣，奢(she)侈浪(lang)費(fei)(fei)，一(yi)般(ban)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)負(fu)擔不(bu)起。男女(nv)婚(hun)姻，女(nv)方(fang)專索厚聘，男方(fang)強索妝奩，“以(yi)(yi)至富者(zhe)貧(pin)，而(er)貧(pin)者(zhe)不(bu)能(neng)嫁(jia)(jia)女(nv)。生(sheng)女(nv)則愁異(yi)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)費(fei)(fei)，有(you)棄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)育者(zhe)。”為(wei)(wei)死者(zhe)發(fa)喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，則流行(xing)大(da)擺(bai)酒(jiu)席、設(she)臺(tai)唱戲(xi)，妄費(fei)(fei)甚多，以(yi)(yi)至于(yu)(yu)(yu)“父母病時(shi)(shi)不(bu)自憂(you)其(qi)病，而(er)憂(you)其(qi)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)所費(fei)(fei)。人(ren)子遇喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，不(bu)一(yi)味(wei)哀痛(tong)，反(fan)留心(xin)檢點諸費(fei)(fei)，久(jiu)而(er)不(bu)葬其(qi)親。”老百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)結(jie)不(bu)起婚(hun)、埋(mai)不(bu)起死者(zhe)，左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)感嘆：“奢(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)害(hai)，一(yi)至于(yu)(yu)(yu)此！”左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)認為(wei)(wei)，韓城(cheng)災害(hai)頻(pin)發(fa)，盜匪猖獗，不(bu)盡(jin)是(shi)“天數(shu)使然”，百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)奢(she)僭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風(feng)，也“皆足致異(yi)”。為(wei)(wei)嚴禁(jin)奢(she)靡(mi)(mi)，以(yi)(yi)挽風(feng)俗(su)(su)，左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)與(yu)地(di)(di)士(shi)紳(shen)共同(tong)努力，韓城(cheng)民(min)風(feng)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)變。崇禎九年（1636）七月，左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)發(fa)布了(le)(le)著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《崇儉(jian)書》告示，提出“以(yi)(yi)儉(jian)樸為(wei)(wei)風(feng)化(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首”，明令限制(zhi)和(he)禁(jin)止婚(hun)喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)嫁(jia)(jia)娶(qu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種種奢(she)糜風(feng)俗(su)(su)。他根據官宦、士(shi)庶各(ge)個(ge)階層(ceng)不(bu)同(tong)經濟條件，對婚(hun)喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)嫁(jia)(jia)娶(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個(ge)環節(jie)、每(mei)個(ge)細(xi)節(jie)都(dou)作(zuo)了(le)(le)質和(he)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，婚(hun)禮(li)(li)、喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)禮(li)(li)形成定(ding)(ding)式。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，婚(hun)禮(li)(li)中(zhong)禁(jin)止沿街(jie)擺(bai)列妝奩，以(yi)(yi)示夸耀；喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)禮(li)(li)中(zhong)不(bu)許擺(bai)酒(jiu)設(she)宴、搭臺(tai)作(zuo)戲(xi)。除(chu)此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，還對日常生(sheng)活方(fang)面諸如(ru)(ru)居處、穿(chuan)衣、戴帽、宴會(hui)、禮(li)(li)尚往來(lai)等作(zuo)出量化(hua)從儉(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)細(xi)致規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。為(wei)(wei)使各(ge)項規(gui)定(ding)(ding)符合習俗(su)(su)又切實可(ke)行(xing)，左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)征(zheng)(zheng)求各(ge)階層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見，用(yong)了(le)(le)三(san)(san)個(ge)月時(shi)(shi)間才得(de)以(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)稿，公示于(yu)(yu)(yu)眾，要求縉(jin)紳(shen)士(shi)民(min)“各(ge)守其(qi)應(ying)得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)”，如(ru)(ru)有(you)違犯(fan)，“許鄉約鄰佑(you)地(di)(di)方(fang)舉報”。因為(wei)(wei)這些措(cuo)施事先征(zheng)(zheng)求了(le)(le)各(ge)個(ge)階層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見，先在(zai)鄉紳(shen)中(zhong)試行(xing)三(san)(san)個(ge)月，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)順利地(di)(di)在(zai)全縣推開。大(da)戶人(ren)家婚(hun)喪(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)嫁(jia)(jia)娶(qu)時(shi)(shi)率先遵(zun)守《崇儉(jian)書》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，一(yi)般(ban)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)紛紛效仿(fang)，社會(hui)風(feng)氣為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)變。左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)韓城(cheng)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活作(zuo)出了(le)(le)影(ying)響后(hou)(hou)世(shi)幾(ji)百(bai)(bai)(bai)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向性設(she)計，大(da)大(da)減輕了(le)(le)人(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)擔，受到廣(guang)大(da)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)特(te)別是(shi)貧(pin)苦(ku)農(nong)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歡迎。三(san)(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)多年過(guo)去了(le)(le)，《崇儉(jian)書》歷(li)久(jiu)彌新，韓城(cheng)百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)至今仍(reng)然遵(zun)守著(zhu)(zhu)左懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)立下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很多規(gui)矩，早已成為(wei)(wei)傳統(tong)文化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分(fen)。

左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)還(huan)十(shi)(shi)分注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)發展文化教(jiao)育事業，弘(hong)揚(yang)(yang)社(she)會(hui)正氣(qi)。韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)六年，盡管兵荒馬亂，多(duo)災多(duo)難(nan)，但左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)仍做出(chu)了(le)(le)令(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)成績(ji)。崇(chong)禎七年（1634），左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)充任陜西鄉試考(kao)官，錄取(qu)了(le)(le)11人(ren)(ren)(ren)，韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)僅有(you)(you)1人(ren)(ren)(ren)考(kao)上(shang)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)受到很大觸動(dong)，內(nei)心深感不安(an)，認(ren)為自(zi)己負有(you)(you)責(ze)任。回(hui)到韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)全縣(xian)選(xuan)拔優秀(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)員(yuan)，成立“尊(zun)(zun)經(jing)社(she)”，每(mei)月兩(liang)次親自(zi)到明倫堂講解(jie)經(jing)書，學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)常常“執經(jing)問難(nan)于前，竟日乃已。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)努(nu)力取(qu)得(de)了(le)(le)實效。三(san)年后，陜西鄉試中韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)8人(ren)(ren)(ren)中舉，全部(bu)是(shi)“尊(zun)(zun)經(jing)社(she)”的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。《韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)志》載：“韓(han)(han)(han)(han)人(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)通經(jing)學(xue)古自(zi)公始。丙子(zi)登(deng)科者八人(ren)(ren)(ren)，皆社(she)中士，其余澤也(ye)。”“由(you)是(shi)捷書蟬(chan)聯，至(zhi)今為國(guo)家(jia)楨者，先生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)開之(zhi)也(ye)。”韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)崇(chong)文重(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)之(zhi)風(feng)興起(qi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)才輩出(chu)，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)成為棟梁之(zhi)才。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)不僅開重(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)之(zhi)風(feng)，還(huan)十(shi)(shi)分注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)宣(xuan)揚(yang)(yang)社(she)會(hui)正氣(qi)。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)“東(dong)海(hai)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)子(zi)”之(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，曾為父(fu)親守孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)三(san)年，因父(fu)親葬在(zai)蘿石山上(shang)，遂自(zi)號蘿石，終身不忘父(fu)親養育之(zhi)恩。在(zai)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不僅自(zi)己侍奉母(mu)(mu)親起(qi)居(ju)(ju)盡心盡力，無微(wei)不至(zhi)，還(huan)重(zhong)(zhong)刻《孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)經(jing)》一(yi)書，號召百(bai)姓講究孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)道(dao)，懂得(de)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)親大義。有(you)(you)一(yi)縣(xian)民(min)(min)因犯事被押到縣(xian)衙，懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)聽說他(ta)家(jia)里(li)(li)尚有(you)(you)老(lao)母(mu)(mu)需要侍候，即放回(hui)。久之(zhi)，不免有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)作(zuo)假。懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)說：我并(bing)非(fei)不知(zhi)道(dao)，但是(shi)從(cong)長遠來看，孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)親之(zhi)風(feng)興起(qi)，所得(de)必多(duo)啊。韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)程氏妻(qi)燕氏，面對盜賊的(de)(de)(de)利刃毫不畏懼，以身護(hu)住婆母(mu)(mu)，“賊感其孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，舍之(zhi)而去。”懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)得(de)知(zhi)，立即上(shang)奏朝(chao)廷，請求旌表。韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)芝川為宋代太(tai)師張升故里(li)(li)，張升為官耿(geng)直(zhi)(zhi)，懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)作(zuo)詩贊揚(yang)(yang)他(ta)：“吾想君子(zi)直(zhi)(zhi)，亭亭山上(shang)松(song)。”左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)整修司馬遷(qian)墓，撰(zhuan)寫《祭司馬子(zi)長文》，贊其豐功偉(wei)績(ji)。又修繕蘇(su)(su)武(wu)(wu)墓，撰(zhuan)寫《新漢(han)典屬國(guo)蘇(su)(su)子(zi)卿墓垣記(ji)》，對蘇(su)(su)武(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)節操給予了(le)(le)極高(gao)評價。修建(jian)白(bai)(bai)公祠(ci)，歌頌白(bai)(bai)居(ju)(ju)易關心民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)疾苦的(de)(de)(de)情懷。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)這些做法(fa)，向社(she)會(hui)傳達了(le)(le)純正良好的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)氣(qi)。尤(you)其是(shi)蘇(su)(su)武(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)精神，對左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)本人(ren)(ren)(ren)影響很深，為他(ta)出(chu)使(shi)清廷不屈殉國(guo)埋下了(le)(le)伏筆。左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)治(zhi)理韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)六年，時間(jian)不長，但政(zheng)績(ji)斐然，展示了(le)(le)出(chu)色的(de)(de)(de)理政(zheng)才能。他(ta)深知(zhi)職責(ze)所在(zai)，心系百(bai)姓，體察民(min)(min)情，換來了(le)(le)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)普遍擁戴，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們把(ba)他(ta)與(yu)司馬遷(qian)、蘇(su)(su)武(wu)(wu)、郭子(zi)儀、白(bai)(bai)居(ju)(ju)易并(bing)稱(cheng)為“禹(yu)門五賢(xian)”。韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)歷史上(shang)先后建(jian)有(you)(you)十(shi)(shi)座(zuo)杰出(chu)名(ming)(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)祠(ci)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)了(le)(le)兩(liang)座(zuo)，一(yi)處(chu)左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)公祠(ci)，一(yi)處(chu)蘿石祠(ci)；韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)(ming)宦祠(ci)里(li)(li)供奉十(shi)(shi)位先賢(xian)，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)又是(shi)其中之(zhi)一(yi)，可見左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)心目中的(de)(de)(de)崇(chong)高(gao)地(di)位。

3、其他記載

崇(chong)禎三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1630年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），左懋第鄉試中(zhong)山東(dong)第二(er)名舉人，次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)進士。懋第任陜西(xi)韓城令，崇(chong)禎十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1639年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）官戶科給(gei)事中(zhong)，上書提出(chu)(chu)時局有四(si)弊(bi)：民窮、兵弱、臣工推(tui)諉、國計虛耗(hao)。升太常(chang)寺(si)正卿，右僉都(dou)御史。十四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，督催漕運，道中(zhong)馳疏言：“臣自靜海抵臨(lin)清，見人民饑死者三，疫死者三，為(wei)盜(dao)者四(si)。米石銀二(er)十四(si)兩，人死取以食(shi)。惟(wei)圣明垂念。”崇(chong)禎十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1643年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）秋，出(chu)(chu)巡長江(jiang)防務，不久北(bei)都(dou)淪陷，其(qi)母(mu)陳(chen)氏絕食(shi)而(er)死。

清兵入關，左(zuo)懋(mao)第被任為兵部右侍郎兼右僉都御史，以陳(chen)洪范、馬(ma)紹愉為副使，前往(wang)北京，通好議(yi)和。

左(zuo)懋(mao)第(di)(di)開始時反對議和(he)(he)，極力主戰，并請求(qiu)撥給他(ta)人(ren)(ren)馬，以(yi)(yi)收復(fu)失(shi)地，恢復(fu)大明(ming)江山．但未(wei)獲批準。繼(ji)而(er)(er)他(ta)又拒絕出使(shi)議和(he)(he)，請求(qiu)安宗皇帝改(gai)派(pai)他(ta)人(ren)(ren)出使(shi)，也未(wei)被(bei)接(jie)受。左(zuo)懋(mao)第(di)(di)深織赴(fu)京議和(he)(he)，如同與虎謀皮，希(xi)望渺茫(mang)，但君命(ming)難違，只(zhi)能(neng)照辦。臨行(xing)前，他(ta)力勸安宗皇帝“時時以(yi)(yi)先帝之仇、北都之恥為(wei)念(nian)”， “勿以(yi)(yi)北行(xing)為(wei)和(he)(he)議必(bi)(bi)成(cheng)(cheng)，勿以(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)足恃”。提醒(xing)南明(ming)王朝不要期(qi)望和(he)(he)議一定能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)功，即(ji)使(shi)議和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)功，也不一定是(shi)可以(yi)(yi)信賴的，主張以(yi)(yi)武力保平安。“夫(fu)能(neng)渡河而(er)(er)戰，始能(neng)扼河而(er)(er)守，必(bi)(bi)能(neng)扼河面守，始能(neng)畫江而(er)(er)安．’強調以(yi)(yi)天下為(wei)重(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)恥仇為(wei)念(nian)，以(yi)(yi)淪陷之民為(wei)憂，要整軍傷兵(bing)，以(yi)(yi)田恢復(fu)大業。

左懋第(di)對(dui)北(bei)行(xing)議(yi)和的危險也深(shen)有預料。他(ta)在(zai)一封信中說(shuo)，

“懋第此(ci)行，是懋第死日也。”立(li)志要“效(xiao)宋之(zhi)文天樣(yang)”，“留正氣于千古。”

崇禎十(shi)(shi)七(qi)年十(shi)(shi)月初，揩二(er)(er)副使(shi)及隨從百余人(ren)至(zhi)北(bei)(bei)京張家灣，住(zhu)進鴻臚(lu)寺。懋第在(zai)(zai)鴻臚(lu)寺陳設太牢，率隨員北(bei)(bei)面(mian)哭祭(ji)三日(ri)(ri)(ri)。十(shi)(shi)月二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)七(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)多爾袞(gun)釋放(fang)左懋第南(nan)歸。左等走出永定門(men)，馮(feng)詮勸(quan)多爾袞(gun)不要“放(fang)虎歸山”，十(shi)(shi)一月十(shi)(shi)四日(ri)(ri)(ri)多爾袞(gun)遣百騎(qi)在(zai)(zai)滄州追回，被扣(kou)留(liu)在(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)京太醫院，墻(qiang)上遍布荊(jing)棘，自言：“生(sheng)為明(ming)(ming)臣(chen)，死為明(ming)(ming)鬼，我志也。”為了(le)擊退清王朝(chao)的(de)利誘(you)勸(quan)降(jiang)，他寫了(le)“生(sheng)為大(da)明(ming)(ming)忠(zhong)臣(chen)，死為大(da)明(ming)(ming)忠(zhong)鬼”的(de)對聯貼在(zai)(zai)門(men)上。一則(ze)明(ming)(ming)志，一則(ze)堵勸(quan)降(jiang)說客之口(kou)。他還畫了(le)一幅蘇武牧羊畫像，掛(gua)在(zai)(zai)墻(qiang)上以自勵。

弘光元年閏(run)六月十(shi)五日頒布(bu)剃(ti)發令，隨(sui)員艾大(da)選遵(zun)旨薙發，懋(mao)(mao)第將其亂棍打死(si)，清廷(ting)前(qian)來責(ze)問(wen)，懋(mao)(mao)第曰：“吾自行我法，殺(sha)我人，與若何預？”清廷(ting)設“太平宴(yan)”宴(yan)請(qing)，懋(mao)(mao)第拒食。又(you)遣洪(hong)(hong)(hong)承疇前(qian)來說(shuo)降(jiang)，左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第說(shuo)：“此(ci)鬼也。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)督師在松山死(si)節，先帝賜祭(ji)九(jiu)(jiu)壇(tan)，今日安得更生(sheng)？”洪(hong)(hong)(hong)承疇慚愧而(er)退。李建泰(tai)又(you)來勸(quan)降(jiang)，左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第怒斥說(shuo)：“老奴尚(shang)在？先帝寵餞，勒(le)兵剿賊(zei)，既(ji)不(bu)(bu)殉國，又(you)失身焉(yan)，何面(mian)目見我？”左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第又(you)責(ze)問(wen)勸(quan)降(jiang)的堂兄弟左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)泰(tai)：“此(ci)非吾弟也？”隨(sui)之將其叱離。多爾(er)袞大(da)怒，親自提審懋(mao)(mao)第，懋(mao)(mao)第直(zhi)立(li)不(bu)(bu)跪(gui)。當(dang)問(wen)道：“你為(wei)何不(bu)(bu)肯剃(ti)頭？”左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第回(hui)答(da)：“頭可斷，發不(bu)(bu)可斷！”金之俊勸(quan)他(ta)：“先生(sheng)何不(bu)(bu)知興廢！”左(zuo)懋(mao)(mao)第針鋒相對答(da)道：“汝何不(bu)(bu)知羞恥(chi)！”多爾(er)袞知其不(bu)(bu)可降(jiang)，閏(run)六月十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)日，命左(zuo)右推出(chu)宣武門外菜市(shi)口處死(si)。

臨刑(xing)時，左懋第南向再(zai)拜說：“臣等(deng)(deng)事大明之心盡矣。”有絕命(ming)詩：“峽坼(che)巢封歸路迥，片(pian)云南下(xia)意如何；丹(dan)忱碧血消難盡，蕩作寒煙總不(bu)磨。”隨員陳(chen)用極、王一(yi)斌、張(zhang)良佐、王廷佐、劉統等(deng)(deng)人皆(jie)不(bu)屈而死。

主要作品

左(zuo)懋第(di)著有《梅花屋詩抄(chao)》一卷(juan)(juan)，《蘿石山房(fang)文抄(chao)》四卷(juan)(juan)，《左(zuo)忠貞公剩稿》四卷(juan)(juan)。

《姜烈士正芳傳(chuan)》作(zuo)者：左 懋(mao) 第

姜正芳(fang)，邑(yi)人(ren)，居邑(yi)西北五(wu)里(li)許〔指(zhi)今(jin)柏林莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)小埠頂村〕。少有(you)力，能(neng)弓(gong)矢(shi)及劍(jian)。值海上(shang)備倭(wo)，應(ying)登州壯(zhuang)士募，欲殺(sha)賊(zei)(zei)立(li)功(gong)名。后(hou)事(shi)已(yi)，罷歸農。軀長健勇而樸誠，好解斗(dou)。有(you)兄弟十年(nian)訟者，合(he)之(zhi)無(wu)異詞(ci)。又知(zhi)(zhi)書，時說古(gu)今(jin)成敗事(shi)，髯眉為動(dong)。崇禎二年(nian)己巳，年(nian)已(yi)六十。際〔遇〕董(dong)大(da)(da)成〔今(jin)屬柏林莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)劉家(jia)疃(tuan)村人(ren)〕亂。大(da)(da)成亦邑(yi)人(ren)，恃勇好亂敗產，多結惡(e)少。會妖賊(zei)(zei)李〔指(zhi)傳白蓮(lian)教(jiao)的李盛明(ming)〕，不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)何地(di)人(ren)，能(neng)術煽齊民，成陰受(shou)約為從(cong)〔大(da)(da)成暗地(di)里(li)接(jie)受(shou)他(ta)的密約，跟從(cong)他(ta)造反(fan)〕。有(you)招遠許湯，殺(sha)催稅隸叛據腰山〔今(jin)稱窯山，在(zai)譚(tan)格(ge)莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)北〕。成與(yu)湯夙(su)盟，疑不(bu)(bu)定(ding)，遂(sui)出城(cheng)散徒掠(lve)人(ren)為盜，三日，得三千人(ren)。聚邑(yi)西劉家(jia)莊(zhuang)，待與(yu)俱(ju)東去(qu)。芳(fang)居西南(nan)一里(li)，成率騎至其家(jia)。芳(fang)不(bu)(bu)避(bi)，為開(kai)陳大(da)(da)難， 不(bu)(bu)易發，當早(zao)寢〔早(zao)早(zao)停息〕。不(bu)(bu)應(ying)，反(fan)迫與(yu)俱(ju)。芳(fang)度〔考慮〕其黨已(yi)發，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)說，又徒死無(wu)益(yi)，佯應(ying)之(zhi)。且紿〔音迨(dai)，同詒，欺騙(pian)〕之(zhi)曰(yue)：汝事(shi)舉三余(yu)日矣，官軍得無(wu)知(zhi)(zhi)者？三千人(ren)而抱頭聚，若軍至，何以應(ying)？成曰(yue)：奈何？芳(fang)教(jiao)以分為五(wu)，皆里(li)許隔，變可(ke)相(xiang)聞。賊(zei)(zei)從(cong)之(zhi)。日暮，果分為五(wu)，北者近芳(fang)居，賊(zei)(zei)腹心則居中(zhong)。

十(shi)一月廿三夜，晦〔天(tian)黑〕不見(jian)人(ren)(ren)。芳(fang)(fang)喜，潛(qian)至(zhi)(zhi)其東南(nan)西(xi)，皆(jie)(jie)語曰(yue)(yue)：官兵(bing)(bing)至(zhi)(zhi)矣，吾儕chai〔我等(deng)〕皆(jie)(jie)良人(ren)(ren)，今無(wu)死所。如聞戰(zhan)斗(dou)聲(sheng)(sheng)，宜(yi)各為(wei)(wei)計。掠人(ren)(ren)〔被掠之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)〕皆(jie)(jie)惶迫，不知(zhi)所為(wei)(wei)。芳(fang)(fang)因(yin)至(zhi)(zhi)中語曰(yue)(yue)：官軍已至(zhi)(zhi)〔大成(cheng)(cheng)〕村后矣，宜(yi)力敵勿(wu)怠。大成(cheng)(cheng)及諸腹(fu)心俱鹵騃〔癡愚(yu)，鹵，通(tong)魯。騃，音似(si)〕，不知(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)。皆(jie)(jie)懼而強諾(nuo)焉。芳(fang)(fang)又說其北近居(ju)(ju)者曰(yue)(yue)：官軍自南(nan)來，汝等(deng)宜(yi)大呼(hu)(hu)(hu)示人(ren)(ren)眾，至(zhi)(zhi)便梃擊無(wu)失。亦應(ying)曰(yue)(yue)：諾(nuo)。因(yin)大呼(hu)(hu)(hu)，居(ju)(ju)中者聞呼(hu)(hu)(hu)亦大呼(hu)(hu)(hu)。引人(ren)(ren)北向，梃相(xiang)接(jie)溷〔混亂〕擊焉。其東南(nan)西(xi)聞呼(hu)(hu)(hu)及戰(zhan)斗(dou)聲(sheng)(sheng)，大恐，亦大呼(hu)(hu)(hu)，盡(jin)逃去戰(zhan)。賊聞呼(hu)(hu)(hu)亦亂。逮〔等(deng)到〕辨(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)諗為(wei)(wei)芳(fang)(fang)計，而成(cheng)(cheng)已偕從董平馳騎遁(dun)東埠。尋而告(gao)語之(zhi)，怒回呼(hu)(hu)(hu)芳(fang)(fang)。芳(fang)(fang)應(ying)之(zhi)途(tu)曰(yue)(yue)：我為(wei)(wei)汝練(lian)兵(bing)(bing)耳(er)。成(cheng)(cheng)曰(yue)(yue)：汝亂吾兵(bing)(bing)，何練(lian)為(wei)(wei)？芳(fang)(fang)曰(yue)(yue)：汝新集(ji)兵(bing)(bing)不可戰(zhan)， 試恐以官軍走(zou)矣，況親至(zhi)(zhi)者乎？欲(yu)圖(tu)事

須入(ru)與(yu)我謀。因(yin)延至(zhi)其家。成與(yu)眾(zhong)賊因(yin)人(ren)多逃，皆(jie)搖(yao)亂無定見，遂(sui)信之。芳(fang)欲(yu)堅其入(ru)〔堅定其進入(ru)之決心〕，曰(yue)：兵未散(san)者，尚五六百人(ren)，可駐我門(men)前，但腹(fu)心入(ru)與(yu)謀。成遂(sui)及(ji)其腹(fu)心六七(qi)人(ren)入(ru)。芳(fang)為設坐，具燈火笑曰(yue)：俱(ju)饑矣，我具食。

芳(fang)三子(zi)，長別居；次(ci)渭經，抱(bao)布貿；渭明，嫁花(hua)草(cao)竹木(mu)以(yi)(yi)生(sheng)。時長子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)春在焉(yan)。芳(fang)出屬(shu)〔通囑(zhu)〕經視(shi)前門(men)，明視(shi)后(hou)門(men)。矯(jiao)〔假傳〕賊(zei)令，勿使(shi)一人(ren)入(ru)。屬(shu)其(qi)(qi)孫(sun)從(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)〔囑(zhu)咐他(ta)的孫(sun)子(zi)跟從(cong)他(ta)〕。孫(sun)問所以(yi)(yi)，芳(fang)曰(yue)：賊(zei)入(ru)我(wo)彀(gou)中矣。待就食(shi)，我(wo)從(cong)旁(pang)斫(zhuo)董(dong)(dong)賊(zei)死(si)。我(wo)雖(sui)老(lao)尚健(jian)，可抵三四人(ren)。魁死(si)〔頭目死(si)〕，余(yu)鳥獸散，不(bu)足畏(wei)即不(bu)幸為賊(zei)殺(sha)，舉家以(yi)(yi)良百姓。殺(sha)賊(zei)死(si)，不(bu)愈于作賊(zei)死(si)乎(hu)？汝勿語諸(zhu)婦人(ren)，但促具食(shi)。芳(fang)因(yin)入(ru)， 酌酒(jiu)董(dong)(dong)賊(zei)前又遍酌諸(zhu)腹(fu)心，以(yi)(yi)麥湯(tang)飲之(zhi)(zhi)。成等皆就食(shi)，惟一賊(zei)魯(lu)東明者不(bu)食(shi)，持(chi)鐵叉立成傍目芳(fang)。芳(fang)疑之(zhi)(zhi)，因(yin)自思曰(yue)：過此(ci)瞬(shun)恐無及(ji)，吾當并斫(zhuo)之(zhi)(zhi)。因(yin)取(qu)其(qi)(qi)衣下藏刀(dao)斫(zhuo)大(da)成，未(wei)及(ji)。東明格之(zhi)(zhi)，錚(zheng)有聲。大(da)成驚拔佩刀(dao)起應(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)。

諸(zhu)賊(zei)舍(she)食起(qi)拔刀。芳(fang)知不濟，持刀趨出門(men)，呼：馬安在(zai)？得賊(zei)馬聳乘(cheng)之(zhi)。大呼曰：人或逆我〔誰如(ru)阻止我〕，死(si)矣。于是群(qun)賊(zei)隨出大呼曰：圍(wei)之(zhi)勿令(ling)走(zou)。門(men)前(qian)諸(zhu)賊(zei)圍(wei)之(zhi)數匝。芳(fang)力斫，殺(sha)三(san)四(si)人。馳(chi)數十步(bu)，群(qun)矛環刺焉(yan)，遂墜馬被(bei)縛。賊(zei)乃入(ru)收其(qi)家當(dang)。堂中亂，婦(fu)女多走(zou)。時賊(zei)約不掠，婦(fu)女多混鄰居以免(mian)。其(qi)長孫(sun)亦走(zou)免(mian)。惟(wei)渭經、渭明被(bei)執，孫(sun)三(san)人亂殺(sha)死(si)。盡(jin)焚其(qi)廬舍(she)。

大成(cheng)以兵(bing)環〔包圍〕芳并其(qi)子，罵曰：汝何(he)為計殺我？芳曰：殺汝不(bu)中，命(ming)也。但早死(si)耳。賊(zei)怒，罵曰：何(he)易求(qiu)死(si)，命(ming)取水灌(guan)三人(ren)，寒凍(dong)之(zhi)。群(qun)刺以矛，體無完膚，遂刳(ku)心剖腸(chang)。終無餒詞〔始終沒有(you)屈(qu)服〕。芳既死(si)，賊(zei)眾(zhong)漸(jian)集，又遣人(ren)分掠得千人(ren)。廿四(si)日，遂攻邑(yi)城。廿五(wu)日又攻，皆不(bu)克。后遂益賊(zei)至五(wu)千人(ren)，圍城焚(fen)外關(guan)。十二月(yue)，登(deng)兵(bing)〔登(deng)州府之(zhi)兵(bing)〕至，與戰，賊(zei)敗走(zou)。追殺平(ping)之(zhi)。大成(cheng)同(tong)左龍西(xi)皆走(zou)出。至蒙陰縣(xian)，典(dian)(dian)史王擒殺之(zhi)，梟(xiao)其(qi)首，傳(chuan)之(zhi)邑(yi)懸(xuan)示〔懸(xuan)首示眾(zhong)〕焉。典(dian)(dian)史，山海關(guan)人(ren)。

左子曰：董賊(zei)(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)，余時(shi)為(wei)(wei)諸生。聞有(you)賊(zei)(zei)，士(shi)民皆乘城(cheng)(cheng)。賊(zei)(zei)方駐西埠外，久(jiu)不來攻城(cheng)(cheng)。至夜聞眾呼聲，城(cheng)(cheng)者曰：賊(zei)(zei)其(qi)有(you)恐(kong)與(yu)，不知(zhi)芳(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)也(ye)。芳(fang)(fang)以(yi)(yi)野老，未(wei)沾(zhan)大(da)官斗米，而(er)(er)散賊(zei)(zei)殺(sha)賊(zei)(zei)，以(yi)(yi)必死謀賊(zei)(zei)，何烈(lie)也(ye)。韓(han)(han)愈論張許：守(shou)一(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)捍天(tian)下(xia)，以(yi)(yi)千百就(jiu)盡之(zhi)(zhi)卒，戰百萬方滋之(zhi)(zhi)寇(kou)，蔽(bi)遮江淮，阻(zu)遏其(qi)勢。天(tian)下(xia)不亡，其(qi)誰之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)？余謂萊(lai)陽門未(wei)及，土賊(zei)(zei)乘新(xin)集之(zhi)(zhi)勢，卒薄城(cheng)(cheng)下(xia)，事(shi)未(wei)可知(zhi)。夜散之(zhi)(zhi)，殺(sha)其(qi)勢而(er)(er)緩其(qi)攻，以(yi)(yi)益(yi)〔增(zeng)加〕城(cheng)(cheng)中一(yi)日之(zhi)(zhi)備，遂得獲奸內靖，眾志鼓(gu)厲(li)。萊(lai)陽不亡，不可謂非(fei)芳(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)。事(shi)雖小，大(da)懸殊：愈〔韓(han)(han)愈〕之(zhi)(zhi)言益(yi)信夫。余嘗拜(bai)其(qi)墓，見三墳為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)流涕。因過(guo)其(qi)門：廬舍皆燼。孫十四人，賊(zei)(zei)殺(sha)其(qi)三，余者皆垢敝。妻王年六十余，依墻結茅以(yi)(yi)居。乘軒(xuan)者〔即當官的。軒(xuan)，古(gu)代高(gao)官乘坐的一(yi)種有(you)圍棚或帷幕的車〕未(wei)嘗一(yi)問，匹夫之(zhi)(zhi)節，不亦悲乎(hu)？

貢獻影響

屢次上疏

左(zuo)懋第為(wei)(wei)人正直，敢于直言進諫。崇(chong)禎年間，大明矛盾重重、危機(ji)四(si)伏(fu)，陷入(ru)內外交困之中，內有(you)李自成農(nong)民軍縱橫半(ban)天(tian)下，外有(you)清(qing)兵(bing)屢次入(ru)侵，邊防破敗，天(tian)災頻仍(reng)，三餉加派，竭盡民脂，吏治(zhi)腐朽，民不聊生(sheng)。統(tong)治(zhi)集團(tuan)內部爭(zheng)權奪利。身(shen)為(wei)(wei)朝廷(ting)言官的左(zuo)懋第憂心如(ru)焚，他(ta)屢次上疏(shu)，針砭時弊，提出救國(guo)救民之策，為(wei)(wei)朝野所(suo)矚目(mu)。

民族利益

左懋第從民族利益出發(fa)，多次向當政(zheng)者提(ti)出治(zhi)國的正確主張。左懋第被擢升為戶科給事中后，尖(jian)銳指(zhi)斥民窮、兵弱、臣工推諉、國計虛耗這四(si)種時(shi)弊(bi)，提(ti)醒明(ming)王朝加以(yi)(yi)解決(jue)。為減輕勞動人民的負擔，緩(huan)和階(jie)級矛盾，以(yi)(yi)有利于鞏(gong)固封建統治(zhi)，較好地(di)進行(xing)與崛(jue)起于關外(wai)的滿(man)族的民族斗爭(zheng)，他屢次上書奏請納監、出錢(qian)贖罪、廣開財(cai)源，行(xing)平(ping)倉法、監法及減輕賦(fu)稅，輸粟邊塞(sai)、以(yi)(yi)充軍糧(liang)。

減輕人民負擔

后來，左懋(mao)第又改任刑科給事中(zhong)，仍不斷提出減輕(qing)人民負擔的奏(zou)請。

初入諫垣，左(zuo)(zuo)懋第便上(shang)疏要求(qiu)停止三(san)餉(xiang)加(jia)派(pai)，在(zai)他(ta)和(he)其他(ta)大臣的(de)苦諫下，崇(chong)(chong)禎十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)（1640年(nian)），崇(chong)(chong)禎帝(di)宣布(bu)停征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)剿餉(xiang)。左(zuo)(zuo)懋第請馬上(shang)公告天下，免(mian)(mian)得地方開征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，小(xiao)民不得實惠(hui)，崇(chong)(chong)禎帝(di)采納了他(ta)的(de)建(jian)議。當年(nian)三(san)月，北京大風(feng)不止，左(zuo)(zuo)懋第又(you)借天變上(shang)言(yan)，直陳時(shi)政缺(que)失(shi)。他(ta)指出：朝廷(ting)雖然數次下詔減兵省餉(xiang)，但小(xiao)民卻日困一日。原因在(zai)于朝廷(ting)免(mian)(mian)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，而(er)地方催征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，貪官(guan)污吏借機中飽私囊(nang)。欲除此弊，必須公開各(ge)地征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賦(fu)之數，讓小(xiao)民明白，使貪官(guan)無法作奸。停征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)加(jia)賦(fu)，必須嚴令各(ge)地實行，不許各(ge)級層層追加(jia)，這樣才能使皇(huang)帝(di)的(de)恩惠(hui)潤澤萬(wan)民。崇(chong)(chong)禎帝(di)很贊(zan)賞他(ta)的(de)建(jian)議，下令免(mian)(mian)掉上(shang)災七十(shi)(shi)五州(zhou)縣新、舊、練(lian)三(san)餉(xiang)，中災六(liu)十(shi)(shi)八州(zhou)縣新、舊二餉(xiang)，下災三(san)十(shi)(shi)八州(zhou)縣三(san)餉(xiang)緩(huan)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。

贍救安可不變

崇(chong)禎十四年(nian)（1641年(nian)），左懋第(di)奉命(ming)督(du)辦漕運(yun)，即(ji)督(du)辦自(zi)江南沿運(yun)河向京城運(yun)送糧食。當時江南發(fa)生饑(ji)荒(huang)，遍(bian)地(di)餓殍，饑(ji)民(min)的反抗時有(you)發(fa)生。從統治階級的整體(ti)利(li)益出發(fa)，左懋第(di)多次向崇(chong)楨皇(huang)帝上(shang)書(shu)，請(qing)求(qiu)放糧贍災。并發(fa)出了“贍救安可不變”的呼(hu)吁，為民(min)請(qing)命(ming)。當時明王朝兵(bing)連禍結。國庫空(kong)虛，民(min)族矛盾(dun)和階級矛盾(dun)空(kong)前激烈(lie)，內(nei)外(wai)交(jiao)困(kun)，處于風雨飄搖之中，左懋第(di)的意見未被(bei)采納。

甲申國變前

崇禎十(shi)六年（1643年）秋，左(zuo)懋第(di)出巡長(chang)江防務。尚未(wei)返京。

人物評價

明朝末年，國家(jia)內(nei)憂外患，危機四伏，大廈將(jiang)傾，萊陽進(jin)士(shi)左(zuo)懋第卻登上了人生最壯美的(de)舞臺。他治理韓城，政(zheng)績優異，考(kao)選欽定第一(yi)，由知(zhi)縣擢升(sheng)朝中擔任要職，成為崇(chong)禎皇帝信(xin)任的(de)股肱之臣。崇(chong)禎甲申清兵入關，國難當頭，他挺身而出，與攝(she)政(zheng)王(wang)多(duo)爾袞唇槍(qiang)舌劍，堅(jian)決維護(hu)大明尊嚴。面對酷(ku)刑和威逼利誘(you)，他寧(ning)作大明鬼(gui)，不(bu)當清朝王(wang)，成為比肩文天祥的(de)民(min)族英(ying)雄。

清乾隆四十一年（1776年）欽定殉節錄，賜專謚“忠貞”，祀本邑鄉賢、韓城(cheng)名宦祠，萊(lai)陽(yang)又建(jian)左公祠，春秋次丁致祭。韓城(cheng)人建(jian)祠與漢(han)代的蘇武并祀。

左懋第墓(mu)位于山東(dong)(dong)省煙臺市(shi)萊陽(yang)市(shi)沐浴店鎮北(bei)旺村東(dong)(dong)北(bei)左家瑩，距村約700米，該(gai)墓(mu)原葬(zang)地在柏林(lin)莊鎮東(dong)(dong)南方向羅石(shi)頂(ding)上。1952年(nian)部隊(dui)營房建(jian)設時其后裔將此墓(mu)遷至該(gai)處左姓居住的北(bei)旺村左家瑩內。墓(mu)區有墓(mu)冢3座成品字(zi)形排列，懋第墓(mu)立龍(long)頭碑陰(yin)刻“恩寵”二字(zi)，乾隆(long)41年(nian)追謚“忠貞”，贈禮(li)部尚書，墓(mu)志是清嘉慶十二年(nian)（1808年(nian)）敕授文林(lin)郎萊陽(yang)知縣延君(jun)壽敬(jing)題的，由左氏五(wu)世孫寅(yin)文立石(shi)。

左(zuo)公祠(ci)(ci)建(jian)于(yu)康熙四十(shi)(shi)年（1701年），山東學政僉(qian)事(shi)徐(xu)炯主持，在萊(lai)陽(yang)修建(jian)左(zuo)公祠(ci)(ci)，萊(lai)陽(yang)人踴躍捐款(kuan)，贊(zan)襄(xiang)其(qi)事(shi)。乾隆十(shi)(shi)五(wu)年（1750年），萊(lai)陽(yang)知(zhi)縣郝大(da)倫重修左(zuo)公祠(ci)(ci)。位(wei)于(yu)今天(tian)萊(lai)陽(yang)工人文(wen)化宮西側，七星(xing)街東側。祠(ci)(ci)堂整個院(yuan)落占地約10畝。大(da)門朝西，有三間(jian)(jian)正殿，客房(fang)三間(jian)(jian)，雜房(fang)三間(jian)(jian)，裙房(fang)10余(yu)間(jian)(jian)。左(zuo)公祠(ci)(ci)在他做知(zhi)縣的山西韓城有一座(zuo)，與(yu)萊(lai)陽(yang)祠(ci)(ci)相似。