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基本介紹

觀音(yin)(yin)山（Kuan-yin Mountain），舊稱(cheng)新宜山，別(bie)名八里坌山（淡(dan)水廳志(zhi)載）。位于臺灣省新北市(shi)五股(gu)區、八里區交界，海拔標高616米(mi)，由淡(dan)水河北岸向(xiang)南遙望，全區有十八連(lian)峰，區內有多座古剎，更增添觀音(yin)(yin)山的靈(ling)性(xing)，其中(zhong)有數間供奉觀世音(yin)(yin)菩薩的觀音(yin)(yin)寺。

觀(guan)音(yin)山，亦有不少(shao)納骨(gu)塔及(ji)墓園錯落(luo)其間，該(gai)山西臨(lin)臺(tai)灣海(hai)峽(xia)，東北隔(ge)淡(dan)水河遠望關渡，昔日的“坌嶺吐(tu)霧”為淡(dan)水八大(da)景之一(yi)，山頂(ding)又稱“硬(ying)漢嶺”，全(quan)山屬北海(hai)岸及(ji)觀(guan)音(yin)山風景區。

實用信息

旅游指南

觀音(yin)山(shan)(shan)自古便有(you)登(deng)(deng)(deng)山(shan)(shan)活動，目(mu)前八里登(deng)(deng)(deng)觀音(yin)山(shan)(shan)的(de)路線共有(you)四條(tiao)(tiao)主要路線，其(qi)中以乘車至觀音(yin)山(shan)(shan)風景區管(guan)理(li)處，由凌云禪寺(si)旁(pang)鐵漢(han)步(bu)道經(jing)硬(ying)(ying)漢(han)嶺拾階而上登(deng)(deng)(deng)頂為(wei)(wei)最熱門路線。硬(ying)(ying)漢(han)嶺為(wei)(wei)1961年憲兵學(xue)校(xiao)300名學(xue)員開辟了一條(tiao)(tiao)直(zhi)達山(shan)(shan)頂的(de)登(deng)(deng)(deng)山(shan)(shan)步(bu)道，為(wei)(wei)鼓勵學(xue)員學(xue)硬(ying)(ying)漢(han)而來作硬(ying)(ying)漢(han)而去(qu)，而名硬(ying)(ying)漢(han)嶺。

硬漢嶺為火山(shan)碎屑巖與(yu)凝灰角(jiao)礫巖所構成，1992，1993年來時有(you)(you)豪雨山(shan)崩土石滑動，步道毀(hui)壞并(bing)危及凌云禪寺安全。寄望(wang)能(neng)有(you)(you)效(xiao)妥(tuo)當(dang)的維護(hu)整修以保持靈(ling)山(shan)古剎(cha)之(zhi)原有(you)(you)古樸韻味(wei)。

由于(yu)季(ji)風吹(chui)來臺灣(wan)海峽的水汽，遇到觀音山嶺(ling)的阻擋(dang)，便降下化為云霧(wu)，有如飄綿滾絮、變(bian)幻無常，蔚為奇(qi)觀．被文人(ren)雅士命名為“坌嶺(ling)吐霧(wu)”，名列(lie)清代淡北八景(jing)之一。同治(zhi)年間(jian)大龍(long)峒舉人(ren)陳維英曾題(ti)詩贊曰：“坌嶺(ling)微(wei)茫八里間(jian)，連朝(chao)吐霧(wu)罩(zhao)鴉鬟，此(ci)中定有深(shen)藏貌，未許分明見一斑”。

地理環境

地理環境

觀(guan)音山(shan)在淡水(shui)河河口南畔，東與大屯山(shan)群(qun)峰隔(ge)河相峙，西南毗接林口臺(tai)(tai)地。形(xing)似仰臥之觀(guan)音，山(shan)頂空曠怡(yi)人(ren)，立(li)足其(qi)上可(ke)俯(fu)瞰河口及(ji)淡水(shui)鎮、臺(tai)(tai)北市郊景(jing)色(se)，為淡水(shui)八景(jing)之一。凌(ling)云古剎坐落山(shan)腰，后(hou)另建新(xin)廟于(yu)古剎后(hou)方約數百公尺(chi)處(chu)（即觀(guan)音山(shan)腹），名(ming)曰凌(ling)云禪寺，是游人(ren)休憩處(chu)。

觀音山(shan)為(wei)一錐(zhui)狀(zhuang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)，是大屯火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)匯(hui)最西的一部分，其北(bei)側(ce)以火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)熔巖(yan)為(wei)主(zhu)，南側(ce)以火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)碎屑流(liu)為(wei)主(zhu)，火(huo)(huo)(huo)成巖(yan)以安山(shan)巖(yan)為(wei)主(zhu)，另(ling)外含有一些早期(qi)噴發的玄武巖(yan)，越晚期(qi)的噴發則形(xing)成含角閃(shan)石的安山(shan)巖(yan)。淡水(shui)河沿著觀音山(shan)麓流(liu)入臺灣海峽，因兩側(ce)的火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)熔巖(yan)與碎屑物漫流(liu)入海，而形(xing)成火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)海岸。

自然景象

山(shan)(shan)(shan)上坐落著不(bu)(bu)少(shao)名剎古寺，并(bing)可(ke)溯溪觀(guan)瀑、觀(guan)鷹賞鳥、眺望(wang)半個(ge)臺(tai)北和壯麗的(de)大(da)屯山(shan)(shan)(shan)列(lie)(lie)，是(shi)一(yi)處(chu)豐富的(de)自然(ran)觀(guan)賞去處(chu)。觀(guan)音(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)徑(jing)溪谷四通八達，登山(shan)(shan)(shan)路線林林總總、難易不(bu)(bu)同，登山(shan)(shan)(shan)客可(ke)以(yi)揀挑適合自己體力的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)徑(jing)上山(shan)(shan)(shan)。其中最大(da)眾化(hua)的(de)路線是(shi)從五股的(de)觀(guan)音(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)站牌出發，沿山(shan)(shan)(shan)階上登凌(ling)云禪寺，再由寺后的(de)牌樓往上走，約1小時可(ke)抵硬漢嶺。在(zai)此登高眺覽，視野遼(liao)闊(kuo)，整(zheng)個(ge)臺(tai)北市自新光大(da)樓以(yi)北的(de)市景(jing)都(dou)在(zai)眼下，而(er)對面的(de)大(da)屯山(shan)(shan)(shan)列(lie)(lie)及淡水河(he)口山(shan)(shan)(shan)海相映(ying)的(de)景(jing)象更是(shi)壯觀(guan)。

白天上觀音山，可隔著門墻(qiang)老樹感受楞嚴閣、開山院的(de)古樸莊嚴，遠眺淡(dan)水八景之一的(de)“坌領吐霧(wu)”；傍(bang)晚時分坐觀落(luo)日晚霞，淡(dan)水暮(mu)色最(zui)令人(ren)心(xin)動；或于(yu)夜幕低垂時看淡(dan)水河畔夜景，萬家燈火閃(shan)爍明滅，另有(you)一番擾攘人(ren)間之美(mei)。

歷史沿革

歷史沿革

在荷(he)蘭人(ren)(ren)(ren)統治時代，觀音山(shan)叫淡(dan)水(shui)山(shan)（出現在1654年荷(he)蘭人(ren)(ren)(ren)‘淡(dan)水(shui)與其附(fu)近(jin)村社(she)暨(ji)雞籠島略圖’中編號37的Tamswijse berch），但漢人(ren)(ren)(ren)習稱八里(li)分（坌(ben)）山(shan)，系因山(shan)邊的原住民(min)部落八里(li)坌(ben)社(she)而得名。

康熙年間，乃延(yan)用八(ba)里(li)坌山(shan)的地名(ming)（康熙二十四年蔣毓(yu)英(ying)“臺灣府(fu)志”）。清朝(chao)雍正年間（西(xi)元1710年代）也曾改為“興直(zhi)山(shan)”，但在各地方史(shi)籍中仍(reng)以“八(ba)里(li)坌山(shan)”稱之。后(hou)來(lai)改為觀音(yin)山(shan)的說法(fa)有(you)二：一說是乾隆17年（西(xi)元1752年）客(ke)家(jia)籍貢生胡焯猷（福建(jian)汀州(zhou)永定(ding)人）在山(shan)路西(xi)云(yun)(yun)巖(yan)籌建(jian)大(da)士觀（今五股區西(xi)云(yun)(yun)巖(yan)寺(si)）而(er)(er)得名(ming)，一說是由(you)于山(shan)棱起伏變化，從(cong)關(guan)渡一帶眺望時，山(shan)型起伏貌似觀音(yin)菩(pu)薩的面容仰天(tian)的側面而(er)(er)得名(ming)。

據臺(tai)灣著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)的(de)地名(ming)(ming)學(xue)者-陳(chen)國章教授(shou)所著(zhu)的(de)臺(tai)灣地名(ming)(ming)詞典(dian)，認(ren)為該(gai)地的(de)地名(ming)(ming)是因(yin)“形(xing)似觀音菩薩(sa)的(de)山”而得名(ming)(ming)。

相關典故

1937年12月(yue)(yue)27日(ri)，日(ri)本(ben)殖民當局以(yi)臺灣(wan)寶島山水風光秀(xiu)麗籌劃成立大屯觀音(yin)山、次高(gao)山太魯(lu)閣和新高(gao)阿里山三(san)座公(gong)園，并(bing)于1941年3月(yue)(yue)10日(ri)發(fa)行紀念郵票、小全(quan)張及(ji)臺灣(wan)公(gong)園寫真(zhen)集，可(ke)惜因(yin)戰爭而延宕。

二次世(shi)界大戰結束(shu)后，臺灣回歸中國，觀(guan)(guan)音山優良的屏障、視野的寬闊好(hao)山好(hao)水(shui)(shui)，為(wei)國人所認為(wei)風水(shui)(shui)寶地，濫挖濫葬(zang)，一片零亂(luan)有(you)礙視野觀(guan)(guan)瞻。相較之下，景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)資(zi)源(yuan)大不如往(wang)昔，已失(shi)去(qu)了成為(wei)公園之基本要件，十分可惜。

榮譽及其他

地質構造

觀音山(shan)(shan)(shan)是臺灣(wan)北部(bu)火(huo)(huo)(huo)成巖(yan)區中最(zui)西北側之(zhi)(zhi)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)單元(yuan)，以淡水河與大(da)屯(tun)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)群(qun)遙(yao)遙(yao)相望(wang)，基本上為(wei)單一中心噴(pen)發(fa)的火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)碎屑、凝灰巖(yan)與熔巖(yan)交替(ti)組成之(zhi)(zhi)復(fu)式(shi)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。觀音山(shan)(shan)(shan)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)主體可(ke)(ke)能是一中央噴(pen)發(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)錐(zhui)狀火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，錐(zhui)體半(ban)徑(jing)約1～2公里(li)，噴(pen)發(fa)中心在觀音山(shan)(shan)(shan)主峰(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)南(nan)方(fang)。在凌云山(shan)(shan)(shan)一帶之(zhi)(zhi)半(ban)環形之(zhi)(zhi)連(lian)峰(feng)可(ke)(ke)能是火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)口(kou)壁(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)西側。

在(zai)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)，于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壁坑附近之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地形(xing)，呈(cheng)(cheng)馬蹄狀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)半圓形(xing)凹陷可能是(shi)火山(shan)(shan)口(kou)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)，但火山(shan)(shan)口(kou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)壁已(yi)經(jing)爆破(po)或(huo)熔巖(yan)(yan)溢流(liu)(liu)巖(yan)(yan)漿庫匱空塌陷而(er)(er)崩(beng)塌，其部分(fen)碎屑構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)分(fen)布于凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)地區之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)集(ji)塊(kuai)巖(yan)(yan)或(huo)原先之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)火山(shan)(shan)碎屑流(liu)(liu)與火山(shan)(shan)礫巖(yan)(yan)。觀(guan)音山(shan)(shan)火山(shan)(shan)活動時可能不(bu)猛烈，因而(er)(er)出(chu)露之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主體并未含(han)有(you)可觀(guan)的(de)(de)火山(shan)(shan)碎屑巖(yan)(yan)，仍以(yi)(yi)厚層的(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)流(liu)(liu)為主。觀(guan)音山(shan)(shan)噴(pen)出(chu)熔巖(yan)(yan)流(liu)(liu)也和大屯(tun)火山(shan)(shan)群相似，均以(yi)(yi)安山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)為主。一(yi)般(ban)安山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)常呈(cheng)(cheng)灰(hui)或(huo)灰(hui)黑(hei)色，且多呈(cheng)(cheng)斑(ban)(ban)狀結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，由結(jie)晶(jing)較粗大之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斑(ban)(ban)晶(jing)散布在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質細密之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)中。斑(ban)(ban)晶(jing)礦(kuang)物以(yi)(yi)鎂鐵礦(kuang)物為多，包括橄欖(lan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、輝石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紫蘇(su)輝石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、角閃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黑(hei)云(yun)母(mu)等礦(kuang)物，此(ci)外還有(you)灰(hui)白色的(de)(de)斜(xie)長(chang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)以(yi)(yi)斜(xie)長(chang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和一(yi)些鎂鐵礦(kuang)物的(de)(de)微晶(jing)（肉眼不(bu)能分(fen)辨的(de)(de)）和無結(jie)晶(jing)的(de)(de)火山(shan)(shan)玻璃所(suo)(suo)組(zu)成(cheng)。

本區安山巖(yan)(yan)熔巖(yan)(yan)依噴發之(zhi)先后，由(you)下而(er)上可分別為三層，各層巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)在組織上和成分上都有(you)多少(shao)不同。

底層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)（或(huo)第一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)）是粗(cu)(cu)粒普通(tong)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)玄武巖(yan)或(huo)玄武巖(yan)質安(an)(an)山(shan)巖(yan)熔巖(yan)。主(zhu)(zhu)要露出(chu)于(yu)火山(shan)錐體之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)心地帶，包括石(shi)(shi)壁坑及(ji)其東側之(zhi)(zhi)米倉(cang)村、烏山(shan)頭，至福隆(long)山(shan)等地。安(an)(an)山(shan)巖(yan)顏色(se)深(shen)灰(hui)，呈(cheng)斑狀結構有許多(duo)(duo)黑綠(lv)色(se)之(zhi)(zhi)普通(tong)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)斑晶(jing)(jing)(jing)，散布(bu)在灰(hui)色(se)細晶(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)基中(zhong)(zhong)，斑晶(jing)(jing)(jing)大者可(ke)達5公里左右。在顯微鏡下觀(guan)察巖(yan)石(shi)(shi)薄片(pian)，這些斑晶(jing)(jing)(jing)多(duo)(duo)成(cheng)雙晶(jing)(jing)(jing)或(huo)叢晶(jing)(jing)(jing)（由(you)數(shu)個晶(jing)(jing)(jing)體結集而(er)成(cheng)），輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)還有多(duo)(duo)數(shu)斜(xie)長(chang)石(shi)(shi)和少數(shu)橄欖石(shi)(shi)。中(zhong)(zhong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)（或(huo)第二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)）的(de)熔巖(yan)是由(you)兩輝(hui)安(an)(an)山(shan)巖(yan)構成(cheng)。巖(yan)石(shi)(shi)外(wai)觀(guan)灰(hui)色(se)，普通(tong)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)斑晶(jing)(jing)(jing)雖粗(cu)(cu)大易見但甚稀少，細長(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)紫蘇(su)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)體頗多(duo)(duo)但均細小。本(ben)巖(yan)石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)基占量較多(duo)(duo)，由(you)斜(xie)長(chang)石(shi)(shi)和紫蘇(su)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)細晶(jing)(jing)(jing)以(yi)及(ji)火山(shan)玻璃所(suo)組成(cheng)。本(ben)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是觀(guan)音(yin)山(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)露出(chu)面積最廣的(de)熔巖(yan)，主(zhu)(zhu)要分布(bu)于(yu)觀(guan)音(yin)山(shan)主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)北(bei)側之(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)坡(po)。

第二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)斑晶稀疏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兩輝(hui)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，常含(han)第一層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斑晶多而(er)聚集成(cheng)叢(cong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)普通(tong)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)捕獲(huo)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)塊，根據年代對比的(de)(de)(de)(de)包裹定(ding)律，即可知其發生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先后順序(xu)，乃(nai)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（第一層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)）早于(yu)兩輝(hui)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（第二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)）。頂層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)（第三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)）紫(zi)蘇輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)與一部(bu)分(fen)角閃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)紫(zi)蘇安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)其特征(zheng)，顏色(se)淡灰色(se)或(huo)灰紫(zi)，斑晶細小(xiao)(xiao)不(bu)顯著。有(you)(you)時可見有(you)(you)細長(chang)(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紫(zi)蘇輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或(huo)角閃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)晶，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基較多包含(han)微晶與玻璃質(zhi)。本層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)主(zhu)要分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)火山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中央之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頂部(bu)，由觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)主(zhu)峰至崩山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一帶(dai)。在(zai)本地區內(nei)除上述之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)熔巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)流之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，還有(you)(you)兩處(chu)獨(du)立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)規模火山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)體，一是在(zai)觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)站北側公路(lu)旁出(chu)露之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黑云(yun)母角閃安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)脈(mo)，為(wei)一厚(hou)約20～40公尺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脈(mo)狀小(xiao)(xiao)侵入體（或(huo)稱觀音(yin)(yin)坑巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)脈(mo)），穿入觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)粉砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中。另一處(chu)是突出(chu)于(yu)成(cheng)子(zi)寮附近低地上之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)萬(wan)年塔小(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是橄(gan)欖(lan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，可能是一火山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)側噴發之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)體。萬(wan)年塔所(suo)產(chan)出(chu)者，其橄(gan)欖(lan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)含(han)量較普通(tong)輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)多，與福(fu)隆山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)略有(you)(you)不(bu)同。根據結(jie)晶分(fen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效應，玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)經(jing)由橄(gan)欖(lan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、輝(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與斜長(chang)(chang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)晶分(fen)化(hua)(hua)可以產(chan)生(sheng)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)由混(hun)染(ran)作用，也就是由基性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)與酸(suan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)混(hun)合，或(huo)是由玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)，混(hun)雜(za)了沈積(ji)物(wu)或(huo)地殼物(wu)質(zhi)都可能衍(yan)生(sheng)成(cheng)安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。在(zai)觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地區安(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中，常含(han)有(you)(you)火山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體基底的(de)(de)(de)(de)砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)硅質(zhi)片巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，顯示(shi)地殼物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)染(ran)作用具(ju)有(you)(you)舉(ju)足(zu)輕(qing)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)角色(se)。

觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)各(ge)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體的噴發時代(dai)，根據鉀－氬(ya)法定年(nian)(nian)(nian)的結果來看，觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之活(huo)動(dong)盛行于第(di)(di)四紀。由六十(shi)余(yu)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)開始；接著是(shi)五十(shi)余(yu)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)底層輝(hui)石(shi)玄武(wu)巖(yan)或(huo)玄武(wu)巖(yan)質熔(rong)巖(yan)之噴發；其次(ci)(ci)則為(wei)四十(shi)余(yu)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)，第(di)(di)二(er)層兩輝(hui)安山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)；再依次(ci)(ci)為(wei)三(san)十(shi)余(yu)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)第(di)(di)三(san)層紫(zi)蘇輝(hui)石(shi)與紫(zi)蘇輝(hui)石(shi)角閃安山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)之噴發；最后以二(er)十(shi)余(yu)萬(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)橄欖玄武(wu)巖(yan)落幕。由火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)噴發年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)與塌(ta)陷破火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口地(di)貌(mao)看來，觀音(yin)(yin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)非為(wei)活(huo)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，有可能(neng)是(shi)座休眠火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)或(huo)死(si)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。

公立景區

1937年(nian)12月27日成(cheng)(cheng)立大(da)屯公園，觀音(yin)山(shan)(shan)亦在(zai)其中。但戰(zhan)后成(cheng)(cheng)立的陽明山(shan)(shan)公園剔除(chu)觀音(yin)山(shan)(shan)（2002年(nian)方另成(cheng)(cheng)立北(bei)海岸及觀音(yin)山(shan)(shan)風景(jing)區管理），以及民(min)間認為此山(shan)(shan)為風水(shui)寶地，埋下日后濫墾濫葬及水(shui)土保持的問題。據估(gu)計目前山(shan)(shan)上非法(fa)墓計4萬(wan)處，成(cheng)(cheng)為發展阻礙。