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又稱桐木關小種/星村小種，世界上較早的紅茶，亦稱紅茶鼻祖，用松針或松柴熏制而成，茶葉呈灰黑色但茶湯為深琥珀色

正山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)，又(you)稱拉(la)普山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)，屬紅茶(cha)類，與(yu)人工小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)合(he)稱為(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)紅茶(cha)。開創(chuang)(chuang)于(yu)福(fu)建(jian)省崇(chong)安縣（1989崇(chong)安撤縣設市，更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)武夷山(shan)市）桐木地(di)區。是世界上較早的紅茶(cha)，亦稱紅茶(cha)鼻祖，至今已經(jing)有(you)400多(duo)年的歷(li)史，由福(fu)建(jian)武夷山(shan)深處當地(di)茶(cha)農于(yu)明朝中后期機緣之(zhi)下創(chuang)(chuang)制而(er)成(cheng)。后來在(zai)正山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)的基礎上發(fa)展了(le)工夫(fu)紅茶(cha)。歷(li)史上該(gai)茶(cha)以星(xing)村(cun)(cun)為(wei)(wei)集散地(di)，故又(you)稱星(xing)村(cun)(cun)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)。鴉(ya)片戰爭(zheng)后，帝國(guo)(guo)主義入侵，國(guo)(guo)內外茶(cha)葉市場競(jing)爭(zheng)激烈，出現正山(shan)茶(cha)與(yu)外山(shan)茶(cha)之(zhi)爭(zheng)，正山(shan)含(han)有(you)正統之(zhi)意，因此得(de)名(ming)。茶(cha)葉是用松針或松柴熏制而(er)成(cheng)，有(you)著(zhu)非常濃烈的香味(wei)。因為(wei)(wei)熏制的原因，茶(cha)葉呈灰黑(hei)色，但茶(cha)湯(tang)為(wei)(wei)深琥珀(po)色。正山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)產地(di)在(zai)福(fu)建(jian)省武夷山(shan)市，受原產地(di)保護(hu)。

“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”紅(hong)茶一詞在(zai)歐(ou)洲較早稱 WUYI BOHEA，其(qi)中(zhong)WUYI 是(shi)武夷的(de)諧音(yin)；在(zai)歐(ou)洲（英國）它是(shi)中(zhong)國茶的(de)象征，后因貿易繁榮，當地(di)人(ren)為(wei)區(qu)別其(qi)它假冒的(de)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)茶（人(ren)工小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或煙小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）擾(rao)亂市場，故取(qu)名為(wei)“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)”指(zhi)的(de)是(shi)桐木(mu)及與桐木(mu)周邊相同海拔；相同地(di)域(yu)(yu)；用相同一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳統(tong)工藝制作；品(pin)質(zhi)相同，獨具(ju)桂圓湯味的(de)統(tong)稱“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)”既指(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)確正(zheng)(zheng)宗的(de)意義，而“小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”是(shi)指(zhi)其(qi)茶樹品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)小(xiao)葉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，且產(chan)(chan)地(di)地(di)域(yu)(yu)及產(chan)(chan)量(liang)受地(di)域(yu)(yu)的(de)小(xiao)氣候所限之意；故“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”又(you)稱桐木(mu)關小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。