鞠杲(生卒年月不詳),北宋吳(wu)(wu)川人(ren),元祐進(jin)士(shi),他是吳(wu)(wu)川歷(li)史上(shang)第一位進(jin)士(shi)。河南鞠詠之后,故居在原(yuan)吳(wu)(wu)川縣北十(shi)一都(dou)溫口(kou)村(cun)(cun)(現吳(wu)(wu)川市黃坡鎮穩村(cun)(cun)也叫彎村(cun)(cun))。
北宋末期,宋神宗為(wei)了(le)挽(wan)救危機,支持王安石實行變法(fa),此舉遭到保(bao)守(shou)派(pai)(pai)的強(qiang)烈反(fan)(fan)對(dui)。在變法(fa)派(pai)(pai)與保(bao)守(shou)派(pai)(pai)的反(fan)(fan)復(fu)斗爭中(zhong),鞠杲站在保(bao)守(shou)派(pai)(pai)一方(fang),于元符中(zhong)年入京上(shang)書(shu),“辭極抗直地(di)力數改革派(pai)(pai)章惇、蔡卞等人的罪行,激(ji)怒了(le)章惇,遂被列為(wei)“奸黨(dang)”貶謫終(zhong)身。保(bao)守(shou)派(pai)(pai)復(fu)辟后(hou)則尊他(ta)為(wei)鄉賢加以(yi)崇祀。
鞠杲的祖上是密(mi)州高密(mi)的世家大族,遠祖鞠真(zhen)、鞠常、鞠仲謀、鞠礪(li)、鞠詠(yong)連續五代皆為北宋大臣(chen),其中(zhong)鞠常、鞠詠(yong)還(huan)名列《宋史(shi)》,
據《宋(song)史》和高安鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏族譜(pu)記載(zai)(zai):北宋(song)真宗(zong)時期的(de)侍御(yu)史鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)傳(chuan)二(er)(er)子,長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪,次子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥。鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)之父鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)常,漢乾祐二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)擢進士第(di),年(nian)(nian)二(er)(er)十(shi)一......開寶七年(nian)(nian),寢疾,卒(zu)于(yu)(yu)官舍,年(nian)(nian)四十(shi)七,享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)應為(wei)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)928-974年(nian)(nian)。又載(zai)(zai):夫(fu)人于(yu)(yu)氏“太平興國(guo)七年(nian)(nian)卒(zu)于(yu)(yu)私第(di),年(nian)(nian)四十(shi)七。”享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)應為(wei)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)936-982年(nian)(nian)。假如于(yu)(yu)氏夫(fu)人在十(shi)八(ba)歲生長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou),那么(me)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)的(de)出(chu)生年(nian)(nian)應是后(hou)周廣(guang)順三年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)953年(nian)(nian)),到(dao)《宋(song)會要輯稿》記載(zai)(zai)的(de)“景德二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1005年(nian)(nian))正(zheng)月二(er)(er)十(shi)八(ba),命侍御(yu)史鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)為(wei)國(guo)子監考試(shi)知舉官”整(zheng)53歲。而(er)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong),參閱《宋(song)史》只(zhi)能查到(dao)他的(de)卒(zu)年(nian)(nian),據載(zai)(zai):“鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong),開封人,詠(yong)十(shi)歲而(er)孤(gu),父勵為(wei)廣(guang)南轉運使”,又載(zai)(zai):“天圣(sheng)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1030年(nian)(nian)).......判登聞檢院,明(ming)年(nian)(nian)詠(yong)卒(zu)。”因此認定(ding)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)卒(zu)于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1031年(nian)(nian)。由(you)此得出(chu)的(de)輩(bei)分排序為(wei):常-仲(zhong)謀(mou)-礪-詠(yong),從(cong)年(nian)(nian)齡結(jie)構上是合理的(de),而(er)《宋(song)史》中的(de)“勵”亦可為(wei)“礪”。
鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao),從家譜上(shang)(shang)得知是(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲謀(mou)長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪的嫡(di)傳,那么他(ta)的輩分排序(xu)應該怎(zen)樣確定呢?首(shou)先,鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)上(shang)(shang)書彈(dan)劾章惇在(zai)(zai)歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)(shang)很有名,各種(zhong)史(shi)籍多有記載(zai),時間是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)“北宋元符中(zhong)(zhong)”,大(da)約是(shi)(shi)1099年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),歷(li)史(shi)記載(zai):“鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)進士(shi)第不(bu)久便(bian)進京上(shang)(shang)書,彈(dan)劾章惇妨賢誤國,言極抗直(zhi)”。湛江吳(wu)川史(shi)志上(shang)(shang)說(shuo),鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)是(shi)(shi)吳(wu)川歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)進士(shi)的第一(yi)人。進一(yi)步分析,一(yi)般(ban)參加科考都在(zai)(zai)青壯年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),像范進那樣七老八(ba)十了才(cai)中(zhong)(zhong)舉人的,即使不(bu)是(shi)(shi)小說(shuo)的夸張也是(shi)(shi)特例(li)。彈(dan)劾事件既然發生在(zai)(zai)元符中(zhong)(zhong),此(ci)(ci)時鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)正(zheng)當青壯年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的四十歲(sui)以前,而鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)卒(zu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)1031年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),青壯年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)同卒(zu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)就(jiu)已知時間判(pan)斷就(jiu)相差68年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),因(yin)為是(shi)(shi)直(zhi)系傳人,68年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至少應傳續三代以上(shang)(shang)。吳(wu)川的一(yi)位(wei)網友認為:鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)是(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)之父。這個(ge)顯(xian)然不(bu)合邏輯,假設鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)病逝時鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)方一(yi)歲(sui),到元符中(zhong)(zhong)的1099年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)已經是(shi)(shi)68歲(sui)的老人,偌大(da)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)紀(ji)尚能遠涉幾千里,風塵仆仆的從吳(wu)川到汴京上(shang)(shang)訪告狀這可能嗎?因(yin)此(ci)(ci)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)應是(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)的孫(sun)輩或(huo)曾孫(sun)輩比較(jiao)合理。
其(qi)次,鞠杲中第是(shi)在(zai)(zai)吳(wu)川(chuan),吳(wu)川(chuan)在(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)宋(song)隸屬廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)東路(lu)(lu),其(qi)祖鞠礪(li)又擔任過(guo)(guo)廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi),看來(lai)(lai)鞠杲居(ju)吳(wu)川(chuan)是(shi)有歷(li)史原(yuan)因的(de)(de)(de)。北(bei)(bei)宋(song)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi)權力很(hen)大,負責(ze)軍(jun)隊的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)需糧草(cao)供應和(he)漕運(yun)(yun),相(xiang)當(dang)于現在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)后勤部(bu)(bu)長(chang),主要官(guan)員由兵部(bu)(bu)委(wei)派,不受地方轄制。廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)路(lu)(lu)分東路(lu)(lu)和(he)西(xi)(xi)路(lu)(lu),廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)東路(lu)(lu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)現在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)東,西(xi)(xi)路(lu)(lu)是(shi)廣(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi),吳(wu)川(chuan)縣北(bei)(bei)“十一(yi)都(dou)溫(wen)口村(宋(song)代(dai)歷(li)史名稱)”正(zheng)(zheng)好在(zai)(zai)廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)東路(lu)(lu)漕運(yun)(yun)的(de)(de)(de)要道上,是(shi)鞠礪(li)工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)必經之地,家住開封的(de)(de)(de)鞠礪(li)在(zai)(zai)此(ci)選擇(ze)一(yi)塊風水寶地投資(zi)田產(chan)很(hen)正(zheng)(zheng)常。想當(dang)初鞠仲謀從雍熙二(er)年(nian)到端拱二(er)年(nian)作康(kang)樂(今江西(xi)(xi)萬載)主簿(bu),利用五年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)蓄為(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)兒子(zi)鞠砥在(zai)(zai)石崗投資(zi)一(yi)塊田產(chan),可能(neng)是(shi)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)鞠砥仕(shi)途無望(wang)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)遠打算(suan)。而此(ci)時的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)子(zi)鞠礪(li),一(yi)定是(shi)成(cheng)績優(you)異,為(wei)(wei)(wei)父也一(yi)定看出他(ta)將來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)仕(shi)途無量,果然入仕(shi)后,先任尚書善部(bu)(bu)員外(wai)郎,后任廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi),可謂官(guan)運(yun)(yun)亨通。鞠仲謀早(zao)期也曾擔任過(guo)(guo)陜西(xi)(xi)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi),后來(lai)(lai)升到兵部(bu)(bu)員外(wai)郎,父子(zi)倆(lia)先后在(zai)(zai)一(yi)個系統任職(zhi),真是(shi)一(yi)榮俱榮啊。可惜,鞠礪(li)英年(nian)早(zao)逝。
新(xin)建西(xi)(xi)山(shan)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏(shi)譜序上(shang)說:西(xi)(xi)山(shan)萬壽宮鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏(shi)的(de)(de)始(shi)遷(qian)(qian)祖是(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao),是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)守(shou)靈而(er)(er)舉(ju)家遷(qian)(qian)徙。從時(shi)間上(shang)分析,鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)的(de)(de)遷(qian)(qian)徙應該(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)卒后(hou)100多年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)了,而(er)(er)距鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥(di)遷(qian)(qian)石崗最少也晚了120年(nian)(nian)。金(jin)田鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏(shi)明朝萬歷(li)三十八年(nian)(nian)九(jiu)月(yue)譜序載(zai):鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)宋景(jing)德(de)(de)二十四(si)賢(xian)之一(yi)(yi),為(wei)(wei)了表彰他生前對朝廷(ting)做出的(de)(de)貢獻(xian),死(si)后(hou)由宋真宗(zong)欽(qin)勅“柩葬(zang)大(da)嶺(ling)......命子孫(sun)就而(er)(er)居焉(yan)。”關于景(jing)德(de)(de)二十四(si)賢(xian)歷(li)史(shi)有記載(zai),《資治通鑒卷二十四(si)》載(zai):“帝(di)密采群臣之有聞望者,得刑部郎中邊肅(su),殿中丞鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)......凡二十四(si)人(ren)......或(huo)(huo)命為(wei)(wei)省府判(pan)官(guan),或(huo)(huo)升其差使焉(yan)。”鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)名列第二。“景(jing)德(de)(de)二十四(si)賢(xian)”,這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)朝廷(ting)對現任官(guan)員政績的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種褒獎(jiang),這(zhe)說明在(zai)(zai)(zai)北宋景(jing)德(de)(de)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1007年(nian)(nian))以(yi)前鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)仍在(zai)(zai)(zai)任上(shang),而(er)(er)此時(shi)長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪已(yi)經先父(fu)而(er)(er)終,由此判(pan)斷,鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)享年(nian)(nian)應在(zai)(zai)(zai)六十歲以(yi)內。“大(da)嶺(ling)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)葬(zang)地,宋代的(de)(de)大(da)嶺(ling)今無可考(kao),很可能是(shi)(shi)(shi)今天西(xi)(xi)山(shan)前面(mian)的(de)(de)某一(yi)(yi)個地方。“命子孫(sun)就而(er)(er)居焉(yan)”就是(shi)(shi)(shi)責(ze)令子孫(sun)就地居住,世(shi)代守(shou)靈。丁(ding)憂是(shi)(shi)(shi)古代行孝(xiao)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種制(zhi)度,一(yi)(yi)般由兒子來(lai)執(zhi)行,規定是(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)廬(lu)墓旁,披麻(ma)戴孝(xiao),守(shou)靈三年(nian)(nian)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)逝(shi)世(shi)之時(shi),長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪或(huo)(huo)已(yi)亡故,守(shou)靈的(de)(de)重任自然(ran)落(luo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)次(ci)子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥(di)身上(shang),因(yin)此鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥(di)及其后(hou)代應是(shi)(shi)(shi)第一(yi)(yi)波(bo)參與守(shou)靈的(de)(de)人(ren)。北宋元符中即1099年(nian)(nian),鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)尚(shang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)吳(wu)川,因(yin)此,遷(qian)(qian)徙時(shi)間應是(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)上(shang)告章惇失敗被“貶謫終身”后(hou),方才舉(ju)家遷(qian)(qian)往洪州(zhou)西(xi)(xi)山(shan),此時(shi)應該(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)(mou)逝(shi)后(hou)大(da)約90~100年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)了。