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鞠杲（生卒年(nian)月不詳），北宋吳(wu)川人，元祐進(jin)士，他是吳(wu)川歷史上(shang)第一(yi)位進(jin)士。河(he)南鞠詠之后，故(gu)居在原(yuan)吳(wu)川縣北十一(yi)都(dou)溫口村(現吳(wu)川市黃坡鎮(zhen)穩村也(ye)叫(jiao)彎村)。

北宋末期(qi)，宋神宗為了挽救危機，支持王安石(shi)實行變(bian)法，此舉遭(zao)到(dao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)的強烈(lie)反對。在變(bian)法派(pai)與保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)的反復斗(dou)爭中，鞠杲站在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)一方，于元(yuan)符中年入京上書，“辭(ci)極抗直地(di)力數改革派(pai)章惇、蔡(cai)卞等(deng)人的罪行，激怒了章惇，遂(sui)被列為“奸黨”貶謫終身(shen)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)復辟后則尊他為鄉賢加以(yi)崇(chong)祀。

主要經歷

鞠(ju)杲(gao)的祖上是密(mi)(mi)州(zhou)高密(mi)(mi)的世家大族，遠祖鞠(ju)真、鞠(ju)常、鞠(ju)仲(zhong)謀、鞠(ju)礪、鞠(ju)詠(yong)連續五代皆為北宋(song)大臣(chen)，其中鞠(ju)常、鞠(ju)詠(yong)還名(ming)列《宋(song)史》，

據(ju)(ju)《宋史》和高安鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏(shi)族譜記載：北宋真宗時期(qi)的(de)(de)侍御史鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)傳二子，長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)，次子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥。鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)之父鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)常，漢乾祐二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)擢進士第，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)二十(shi)一(yi)......開寶七(qi)(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，寢疾，卒(zu)于(yu)官舍，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四十(shi)七(qi)(qi)，享年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應為(wei)公元928-974年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。又載：夫人于(yu)氏(shi)“太平興國(guo)七(qi)(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)卒(zu)于(yu)私第，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四十(shi)七(qi)(qi)。”享年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應為(wei)公元936-982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。假如于(yu)氏(shi)夫人在(zai)十(shi)八(ba)歲生長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)，那么鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)的(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)生年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應是后(hou)周廣順三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），到《宋會(hui)要輯稿》記載的(de)(de)“景德二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）正月(yue)二十(shi)八(ba)，命侍御史鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)為(wei)國(guo)子監(jian)考試知舉(ju)官”整53歲。而鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)，參閱《宋史》只能查到他的(de)(de)卒(zu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，據(ju)(ju)載：“鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)，開封人，詠(yong)十(shi)歲而孤，父勵(li)為(wei)廣南轉運(yun)使”，又載：“天圣八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1030年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）.......判登(deng)聞檢院，明(ming)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)詠(yong)卒(zu)。”因此認定(ding)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠(yong)卒(zu)于(yu)公元1031年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。由此得出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)輩(bei)分排序為(wei)：常-仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)-礪(li)-詠(yong)，從年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)齡(ling)結構上(shang)是合理的(de)(de)，而《宋史》中的(de)(de)“勵(li)”亦可(ke)為(wei)“礪(li)”。

鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲，從家譜(pu)上(shang)得知是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲謀長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嫡傳，那(nei)么他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輩(bei)分排序(xu)應該怎樣確定呢？首先，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲上(shang)書彈(dan)劾(he)章惇(dun)(dun)在(zai)(zai)歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)很有名，各種史(shi)籍多有記載(zai)，時間是(shi)在(zai)(zai)“北(bei)宋元(yuan)(yuan)符中(zhong)(zhong)”，大(da)約是(shi)1099年(nian)，歷(li)史(shi)記載(zai)：“鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲中(zhong)(zhong)進士第(di)不(bu)久(jiu)便進京上(shang)書，彈(dan)劾(he)章惇(dun)(dun)妨賢誤國，言極抗(kang)直”。湛江吳(wu)川(chuan)史(shi)志上(shang)說，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲是(shi)吳(wu)川(chuan)歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)進士的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一人(ren)。進一步(bu)分析(xi)，一般參(can)加(jia)科考都(dou)在(zai)(zai)青(qing)壯年(nian)，像(xiang)范進那(nei)樣七老(lao)八十了才中(zhong)(zhong)舉人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，即使(shi)不(bu)是(shi)小說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夸張(zhang)也(ye)是(shi)特例。彈(dan)劾(he)事件既(ji)然發生在(zai)(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)符中(zhong)(zhong)，此時鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲正當青(qing)壯年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四十歲(sui)(sui)以前，而鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠卒年(nian)在(zai)(zai)1031年(nian)，青(qing)壯年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲同卒年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠就已知時間判斷就相差(cha)68年(nian)，因(yin)為是(shi)直系傳人(ren)，68年(nian)至(zhi)少應傳續(xu)三代(dai)以上(shang)。吳(wu)川(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一位網(wang)友(you)認為：鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲之(zhi)父。這(zhe)個顯然不(bu)合邏輯，假(jia)設鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠病逝時鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲年(nian)方一歲(sui)(sui)，到元(yuan)(yuan)符中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1099年(nian)已經是(shi)68歲(sui)(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)人(ren)，偌大(da)年(nian)紀尚能遠涉幾千里(li)，風塵仆(pu)仆(pu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)從吳(wu)川(chuan)到汴京上(shang)訪告(gao)狀這(zhe)可能嗎？因(yin)此鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲應是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孫(sun)輩(bei)或曾孫(sun)輩(bei)比(bi)較合理。

其次，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)中(zhong)第(di)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)吳川(chuan)，吳川(chuan)在(zai)(zai)北宋隸屬廣(guang)南東路(lu)(lu)，其祖鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)(li)又擔任過廣(guang)南轉運使，看來(lai)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)居吳川(chuan)是(shi)有(you)歷(li)史原因的(de)(de)(de)。北宋的(de)(de)(de)轉運使權力(li)很大，負責軍隊的(de)(de)(de)軍需糧(liang)草供應和漕(cao)運，相(xiang)當于現在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)后勤部(bu)長(chang)，主要官員由(you)兵部(bu)委(wei)派(pai)，不受地方轄制(zhi)。廣(guang)南路(lu)(lu)分(fen)東路(lu)(lu)和西(xi)(xi)路(lu)(lu)，廣(guang)南東路(lu)(lu)為現在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)東，西(xi)(xi)路(lu)(lu)是(shi)廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)，吳川(chuan)縣北“十一(yi)(yi)都溫口村(cun)（宋代歷(li)史名(ming)稱）”正好在(zai)(zai)廣(guang)南東路(lu)(lu)漕(cao)運的(de)(de)(de)要道上，是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)(li)工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)必經(jing)之(zhi)地，家住開封的(de)(de)(de)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)此選擇一(yi)(yi)塊風水寶地投(tou)資田產很正常。想當初鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)仲謀(mou)從雍(yong)熙二(er)年(nian)到端(duan)拱二(er)年(nian)作康樂（今江西(xi)(xi)萬載）主簿，利用五年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)積蓄為二(er)兒子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)砥在(zai)(zai)石崗投(tou)資一(yi)(yi)塊田產，可能是(shi)認為鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)砥仕途(tu)無(wu)望的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)遠打算(suan)。而此時的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)(li)，一(yi)(yi)定(ding)是(shi)成績優異(yi)，為父(fu)也一(yi)(yi)定(ding)看出他將來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)仕途(tu)無(wu)量，果然(ran)入仕后，先任尚(shang)書善部(bu)員外郎，后任廣(guang)南轉運使，可謂官運亨通。鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)仲謀(mou)早期也曾擔任過陜西(xi)(xi)轉運使，后來(lai)升(sheng)到兵部(bu)員外郎，父(fu)子(zi)倆先后在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)個系(xi)統(tong)任職，真(zhen)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)榮俱榮啊。可惜，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)(li)英年(nian)早逝。

新(xin)建西(xi)山(shan)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏譜(pu)序上(shang)(shang)(shang)說：西(xi)山(shan)萬壽宮(gong)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏的(de)(de)始遷(qian)祖是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲，是(shi)為鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)守靈(ling)而舉(ju)家(jia)遷(qian)徙。從時(shi)間上(shang)(shang)(shang)分析，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲的(de)(de)遷(qian)徙應該是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)卒后(hou)(hou)100多年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)事了(le)(le)，而距(ju)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥遷(qian)石(shi)崗最少也(ye)晚了(le)(le)120年(nian)(nian)(nian)。金田鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏明朝萬歷三十(shi)(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)九月譜(pu)序載(zai)：鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)是(shi)大(da)(da)宋景德二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，為了(le)(le)表彰他生前對朝廷做出的(de)(de)貢獻，死(si)后(hou)(hou)由(you)宋真宗欽(qin)勅“柩(jiu)葬(zang)大(da)(da)嶺......命(ming)子(zi)孫(sun)(sun)就(jiu)(jiu)而居(ju)焉。”關于景德二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)賢(xian)歷史有(you)(you)記載(zai)，《資治(zhi)通鑒(jian)卷二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)》載(zai)：“帝密采群臣之(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)聞(wen)望(wang)者，得刑部郎中邊肅，殿中丞鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)......凡二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)人(ren)......或(huo)(huo)(huo)命(ming)為省(sheng)府(fu)判(pan)(pan)官(guan)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)升其(qi)差使焉。”鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)名(ming)列第(di)(di)二。“景德二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)賢(xian)”，這是(shi)朝廷對現任(ren)官(guan)員(yuan)政績的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種褒獎，這說明在(zai)北宋景德四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元1007年(nian)(nian)(nian)）以前鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)仍在(zai)任(ren)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，而此時(shi)長子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪已經先父而終，由(you)此判(pan)(pan)斷，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)應在(zai)六十(shi)(shi)(shi)歲以內。“大(da)(da)嶺”是(shi)葬(zang)地，宋代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)嶺今(jin)無可考(kao)，很可能是(shi)今(jin)天西(xi)山(shan)前面的(de)(de)某一(yi)(yi)個地方(fang)。“命(ming)子(zi)孫(sun)(sun)就(jiu)(jiu)而居(ju)焉”就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)責令子(zi)孫(sun)(sun)就(jiu)(jiu)地居(ju)住，世(shi)代(dai)(dai)守靈(ling)。丁憂是(shi)古代(dai)(dai)行孝(xiao)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種制度，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)由(you)兒子(zi)來執(zhi)行，規定(ding)是(shi)結廬(lu)墓旁，披麻戴孝(xiao)，守靈(ling)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)。仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)公(gong)逝世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，長子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪或(huo)(huo)(huo)已亡故，守靈(ling)的(de)(de)重任(ren)自然落在(zai)次子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥身上(shang)(shang)(shang)，因此鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥及其(qi)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)(dai)應是(shi)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)波參與守靈(ling)的(de)(de)人(ren)。北宋元符中即1099年(nian)(nian)(nian)，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲尚(shang)在(zai)吳川(chuan)，因此，遷(qian)徙時(shi)間應是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲上(shang)(shang)(shang)告章惇失敗被(bei)“貶謫終身”后(hou)(hou)，方(fang)才舉(ju)家(jia)遷(qian)往洪州西(xi)山(shan)，此時(shi)應該是(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)逝后(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)約90~100年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)事了(le)(le)。