芒果视频

巫馬(ma)姓(xing)(xing)，為中(zhong)國一復姓(xing)(xing)。巫馬(ma)，是周朝一種負責(ze)照顧(gu)馬(ma)的官(guan)名，后人以其祖先的官(guan)名為姓(xing)(xing)氏，遂稱巫馬(ma)姓(xing)(xing)。但在(zai)周朝后，巫馬(ma)一姓(xing)(xing)逐(zhu)漸減少，是因為大部分都(dou)改為巫姓(xing)(xing)了。

基本介紹

巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)[巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，讀音作wū mǎ(ㄨㄇㄚˇ)]。巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)，為(wei)中國一(yi)復姓(xing)(xing)(xing)。巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，是(shi)周朝(chao)一(yi)種負責(ze)照顧馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)(de)(de)官(guan)名(ming)(ming)，后人以(yi)其祖先的(de)(de)(de)(de)官(guan)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)，遂稱(cheng)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)氏(shi)。但在周朝(chao)后，巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)一(yi)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)逐漸減少，是(shi)因為(wei)大部分都改為(wei)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)。所謂巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，本來是(shi)周朝(chao)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種官(guan)名(ming)(ming)，即掌管治療馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)匹的(de)(de)(de)(de)官(guan)職。巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)氏(shi)正是(shi)由這種官(guan)職的(de)(de)(de)(de)后人以(yi)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)為(wei)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)，稱(cheng)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)氏(shi)。這可(ke)以(yi)在《姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)考略》得到(dao)印證，書中有關于(yu)他們“掌養疾馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)而(er)乘(cheng)治之，以(yi)官(guan)為(wei)氏(shi)。”的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載。而(er)《通志·氏(shi)族略》上有關于(yu)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)氏(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)子孫，孔(kong)子門生之一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)施(shi)，曾(ceng)經任單父的(de)(de)(de)(de)宰相的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載。巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)施(shi)精(jing)心(xin)于(yu)國事，可(ke)從史書記載中知(zhi)道(dao)。但后來巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)這個復姓(xing)(xing)(xing)，就很少見名(ming)(ming)人出現，也可(ke)能是(shi)改姓(xing)(xing)(xing)巫(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因吧。

姓氏源流

巫馬（wū mǎ）姓(xing)源出有(you)：

單一淵(yuan)源：源于官(guan)(guan)位，出(chu)自周朝時期官(guan)(guan)吏巫(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)，屬于以官(guan)(guan)職稱(cheng)謂(wei)為氏(shi)。在周朝的官(guan)(guan)職體制(zhi)中，有(you)一種專門掌(zhang)(zhang)管養(yang)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)并為馬(ma)(ma)(ma)治(zhi)病的官(guan)(guan)員，稱(cheng)為巫(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)，也就是馬(ma)(ma)(ma)醫官(guan)(guan)，隸屬于夏官(guan)(guan)府司管轄。在典籍(ji)《周禮·夏官(guan)(guan)》中記載(zai)：“巫(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)掌(zhang)(zhang)養(yang)疾馬(ma)(ma)(ma)而乘之(zhi)治(zhi)，相醫而藥(yao)，攻馬(ma)(ma)(ma)疾。”乘，就是將病馬(ma)(ma)(ma)驅趕使之(zhi)奔跑起來，根(gen)據病馬(ma)(ma)(ma)的奔步(bu)情形判(pan)斷(duan)其病因，然(ran)后再對癥施治(zhi)。這(zhe)在史籍(ji)《姓氏(shi)考略》中也有(you)記載(zai)：“巫(wu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)掌(zhang)(zhang)養(yang)疾馬(ma)(ma)(ma)而乘治(zhi)之(zhi)，以官(guan)(guan)為氏(shi)”。

在巫馬(ma)官的后(hou)(hou)裔子(zi)孫(sun)中，有以先祖(zu)官職稱謂(wei)為姓(xing)氏(shi)者，稱巫馬(ma)氏(shi)，后(hou)(hou)又有省文簡改(gai)為單(dan)姓(xing)巫氏(shi)、馬(ma)氏(shi)者，巫馬(ma)氏(shi)復姓(xing)族(zu)人(ren)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)少了，不過，皆(jie)世代相傳至今(jin)。

遷徙分布

巫(wu)(wu)馬(ma)氏復姓(xing)或是(shi)典型(xing)的古老漢(han)族姓(xing)氏，但(dan)人口總(zong)數在(zai)中國的大陸(lu)和臺灣(wan)省(sheng)均未列(lie)入百(bai)(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)前(qian)三百(bai)(bai)(bai)位，在(zai)宋版《百(bai)(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)》中排序為(wei)第(di)四(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)四(si)十八位門閥。巫(wu)(wu)馬(ma)姓(xing)在(zai)大陸(lu)和臺灣(wan)都沒有(you)列(lie)入百(bai)(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)前(qian)一百(bai)(bai)(bai)位。巫(wu)(wu)馬(ma)氏望族居單父(fu)（今山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)單縣）、魯郡(jun)（西漢(han)時置魯國，三國魏(wei)及晉(jin)代改為(wei)魯郡(jun)。相(xiang)當于(yu)現在(zai)的山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)曲(qu)阜一帶）。

今廣西壯族(zu)自治(zhi)區、河北省(sheng)邯鄲市有少量巫馬氏族(zu)人分布。

郡望堂號

郡望

魯(lu)郡(jun)：亦(yi)稱魯(lu)國、魯(lu)國郡(jun)。西漢朝(chao)(chao)(chao)初(chu)將秦朝(chao)(chao)(chao)原來的(de)薛(xue)郡(jun)改(gai)為魯(lu)國，治所在魯(lu)縣(今山東曲(qu)阜)。三國時期(qi)的(de)曹魏及晉朝(chao)(chao)(chao)改(gai)為魯(lu)郡(jun)，其時轄地(di)在今山東省曲(qu)阜、泗水、滋(zi)陽一(yi)帶(dai)地(di)區。南北朝(chao)(chao)(chao)時期(qi)的(de)北齊又改(gai)為任城郡(jun)。另(ling)外，隋朝(chao)(chao)(chao)時期(qi)有(you)個魯(lu)州魯(lu)郡(jun)，唐(tang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)時期(qi)有(you)個兗州魯(lu)郡(jun)，其間(jian)雖然都轄有(you)曲(qu)阜，如隋朝(chao)(chao)(chao)時期(qi)曾(ceng)改(gai)魯(lu)縣為汶陽縣，繼而恢(hui)復(fu)曲(qu)阜原名，而治所均(jun)在兗州。唐(tang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)時期(qi)魯(lu)國郡(jun)在今山東省的(de)滋(zi)縣。

單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)：春秋時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)為(wei)魯(lu)(lu)國(guo)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)邑。秦朝事(shi)情置(zhi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)碭郡(jun)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)漢(han)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)陽(yang)郡(jun)，又別(bie)(bie)置(zhi)平樂(le)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，亦(yi)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)陽(yang)郡(jun)。東(dong)(dong)漢(han)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)改(gai)(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)陰郡(jun)，平樂(le)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)省(sheng)入單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。又別(bie)(bie)置(zhi)防東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)陽(yang)郡(jun)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)晉(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)廢(fei)防東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，其地入單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。南朝宋僑置(zhi)離狐(hu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)于(yu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)，為(wei)北(bei)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)陰郡(jun)治，廢(fei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。北(bei)魏(wei)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)北(bei)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)陰郡(jun)暨離狐(hu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)仍(reng)治單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)。北(bei)齊時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)郡(jun)、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)并(bing)廢(fei)。隋(sui)朝開(kai)皇六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丙(bing)午(wu)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)586年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))復(fu)(fu)置(zhi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)陰郡(jun)；隋(sui)開(kai)皇十(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丙(bing)辰，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)596年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))于(yu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)置(zhi)戴(dai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，隋(sui)大業(ye)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙(yi)(yi)丑(chou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)605年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢(fei)戴(dai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。唐朝武(wu)(wu)德四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛(xin)巳，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)621年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))復(fu)(fu)置(zhi)戴(dai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，治單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；唐貞觀(guan)十(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(癸(gui)卯，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)643年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))戴(dai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)再廢(fei)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)改(gai)(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)宋州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。五代(dai)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)后唐置(zhi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，以單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)治，轄單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)、碭山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、成武(wu)(wu)、魚臺(tai)四(si)(si)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。北(bei)宋時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)因之。蒙古統(tong)治者(zhe)進入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)初期(qi)(qi)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)暨單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)并(bing)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)憲宗(zong)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(壬子(zi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1252年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)東(dong)(dong)平府(fu)，元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙(yi)(yi)丑(chou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1265年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))復(fu)(fu)置(zhi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊辰，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1268年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))仍(reng)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己卯，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1279年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)寧(ning)路。明朝洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊申，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1368年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢(fei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)入單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)；明洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己酉(you)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1369年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))降單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)為(wei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)寧(ning)府(fu)；明洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙(yi)(yi)丑(chou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1385年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)兗州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)府(fu)。清(qing)朝雍(yong)正十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙(yi)(yi)卯，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1735年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)曹(cao)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)府(fu)。民(min)(min)國(guo)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(癸(gui)丑(chou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)岱南道；民(min)(min)國(guo)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(甲寅，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1914年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)更名濟(ji)(ji)(ji)寧(ning)道；民(min)(min)國(guo)十(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙(yi)(yi)丑(chou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)曹(cao)濮(pu)道；民(min)(min)國(guo)十(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊辰，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1928年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))道廢(fei)直隸于(yu)省(sheng)；民(min)(min)國(guo)二(er)十(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丙(bing)子(zi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)第(di)(di)二(er)行(xing)政督察區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；民(min)(min)國(guo)二(er)十(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(庚辰，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))3月(yue)建立(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)抗日(ri)民(min)(min)主政權，初屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)中共蘇(su)魯(lu)(lu)豫(yu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)黨(dang)委后方辦事(shi)處，同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；民(min)(min)國(guo)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛(xin)巳，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))8月(yue)以單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)曹(cao)馬(ma)、芳(fang)(fang)桂二(er)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為(wei)基(ji)礎設立(li)曹(cao)芳(fang)(fang)抗日(ri)辦事(shi)處，其轄區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)歸(gui)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管轄；民(min)(min)國(guo)三(san)十(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(癸(gui)未，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1943年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))7月(yue)與金(jin)鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)南部(bu)四(si)(si)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)合并(bing)為(wei)金(jin)曹(cao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)晉(jin)(jin)冀(ji)魯(lu)(lu)豫(yu)邊區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)第(di)(di)二(er)十(shi)(shi)一(湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi))專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；民(min)(min)國(guo)三(san)十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(甲申，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1944年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))6月(yue)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南改(gai)(gai)(gai)建為(wei)臨河縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)晉(jin)(jin)冀(ji)魯(lu)(lu)豫(yu)邊區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)第(di)(di)二(er)十(shi)(shi)一(湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi))專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；民(min)(min)國(guo)三(san)十(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙(yi)(yi)酉(you)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1945年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))12月(yue)臨河縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)改(gai)(gai)(gai)稱(cheng)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)虞(yu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，與單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)同(tong)(tong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冀(ji)魯(lu)(lu)豫(yu)行(xing)政區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)一(湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi))專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)平原省(sheng)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)(tong)月(yue)設立(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)關區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)級)，直屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，并(bing)為(wei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)署(shu)駐地。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)撤銷單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)虞(yu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，并(bing)入單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)關區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)改(gai)(gai)(gai)為(wei)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)關鎮(zhen)，隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)隨湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃歸(gui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)，改(gai)(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)菏澤專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)復(fu)(fu)程縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)撤銷，其東(dong)(dong)部(bu)劃歸(gui)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)寧(ning)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)復(fu)(fu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)菏澤專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，1967年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改(gai)(gai)(gai)稱(cheng)菏澤地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)菏澤市。

堂號

魯(lu)(lu)郡(jun)堂(tang)：以國(guo)立堂(tang)，亦稱(cheng)魯(lu)(lu)國(guo)堂(tang)。

單父堂：以望立堂。

宗祠楹聯

四言通用聯

孔(kong)門弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)；明代舉(ju)人：上聯典指春(chun)秋末年(nian)魯國(guo)人(一說(shuo)陳(chen)國(guo))巫馬施(shi)，字子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)期(qi)，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，曾為(wei)魯國(guo)單父(fu)宰。任職期(qi)間，勤于職守，日夜操勞(lao)，事必躬親，單父(fu)大治。他(ta)(ta)忠于儒(ru)家(jia)學說(shuo)，實踐儒(ru)家(jia)的(de)義利(li)觀(guan)，不貪富貴。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路和他(ta)(ta)一同打(da)柴，看見一家(jia)富人，駕車百乘，擺宴席(xi)于韞丘之上，豪華非常(chang)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路問(wen)他(ta)(ta)，如(ru)果放棄從(cong)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)那里學習到的(de)學問(wen)、品德和本領(ling)，即可如(ru)此富貴，你干不干？他(ta)(ta)認為(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)路問(wen)此語(yu)是污(wu)辱了自己，表示(shi)志(zhi)士(shi)仁人絕不做見利(li)忘義的(de)事情。下聯典指代澤州(zhou)人巫馬壽，萬歷舉(ju)人。

圣(sheng)門高弟(di)；魯國(guo)名(ming)(ming)臣(chen)：全聯典指(zhi)春秋時(shi)期魯國(guo)名(ming)(ming)人巫馬施，字(zi)子期，孔子弟(di)子。曾在魯國(guo)為(wei)臣(chen)相(xiang)，宰(zai)單父(fu)，以星(xing)出，以星(xing)入，日夜不處，以身親之，單父(fu)治。

巫(wu)山云雨；馬上(shang)詩文：此(ci)聯為以鶴頂格嵌巫(wu)馬姓(xing)“巫(wu)馬”二字(zi)嵌字(zi)聯。

姓(xing)(xing)(xing)開周代(dai)；祖(zu)啟職(zhi)官：全聯典指巫馬姓(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)得(de)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)源流。

五言通用聯

望(wang)居單父縣；源(yuan)自馬醫官：全聯典指巫馬姓(xing)的得姓(xing)源(yuan)流和郡望(wang)。

七言通用聯

單父相精(jing)心治(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)；馬醫(yi)官(guan)得(de)姓(xing)傳名：上聯(lian)典指春秋時(shi)魯(lu)國(guo)單父丞巫(wu)馬施：字(zi)子旗，孔(kong)子的得(de)意門生，比孔(kong)子小(xiao)三(san)十(shi)歲。精(jing)心于國(guo)事，有治(zhi)(zhi)績。由于勤(qin)勤(qin)懇懇地工作，將該地治(zhi)(zhi)理得(de)井(jing)井(jing)有條。下聯(lian)典指巫(wu)馬姓(xing)的得(de)姓(xing)源流。

八言通用聯

子承父業，后(hou)繼有(you)人；不負期望，無(wu)愧宿賢：此聯為鑲嵌巫馬施(字(zi)(zi)(zi)子期)“子期”二字(zi)(zi)(zi)嵌字(zi)(zi)(zi)聯。

專意經書(shu)，得杏壇道統；戴星出入，化(hua)單父黎民：全聯典指巫(wu)馬施事典。

姓氏名望

巫馬施

字子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)旗，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)得意(yi)門生，比孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小三十歲。據載，他曾(ceng)執掌單(dan)父(fu)（春秋(qiu)時魯(lu)國的(de)一個(ge)邑(yi)），由(you)于勤(qin)勤(qin)懇懇地工作(zuo)，將該地治理(li)得井井有(you)條。曾(ceng)在魯(lu)國官為丞(cheng)相，有(you)治績(ji)。一次，陳(chen)司敗問孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)說(shuo)(shuo)：“魯(lu)昭公懂(dong)禮(li)(li)嗎(ma)？”孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)說(shuo)(shuo)：“懂(dong)禮(li)(li)。”孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)出去后，陳(chen)司敗向巫馬施作(zuo)了(le)個(ge)揖(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)聽說(shuo)(shuo)君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是不(bu)偏(pian)私(si)袒護的(de)，莫(mo)非君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也會(hui)偏(pian)私(si)袒護？魯(lu)昭公娶來吳(wu)女作(zuo)夫人，給(gei)(gei)她(ta)起名叫(jiao)她(ta)孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)姓姬，避忌稱呼同姓，所以叫(jiao)她(ta)吳(wu)孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。魯(lu)君(jun)要(yao)是懂(dong)得禮(li)(li)儀，那還(huan)有(you)誰不(bu)懂(dong)得禮(li)(li)節呢？”巫馬施把這些話轉告給(gei)(gei)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)說(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)真幸(xing)運，如果有(you)了(le)過失，人家一定會(hui)知道。作(zuo)臣(chen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)不(bu)能說(shuo)(shuo)國君(jun)的(de)過錯(cuo)的(de)，替他避忌的(de)人，就是懂(dong)禮(li)(li)啊。”