慕(mu)容姓(xing)《三國志·鮮(xian)卑傳》中(zhong)(zhong)提到,漢(han)桓帝時,鮮(xian)卑分為中(zhong)(zhong)、東、西(xi)(xi)三部,中(zhong)(zhong)部大夫柯最(zui)闕,居慕(mu)容寺(si)。歷(li)史上的(de)鮮(xian)卑族在(zai)今內(nei)蒙西(xi)(xi)拉木(mu)倫河與洮兒(er)河之間。慕(mu)容氏(shi)的(de)發(fa)源(yuan)地和老家(jia)便在(zai)這里。
源(yuan)于鮮(xian)卑(bei)族(zu),出自漢(han)朝時期(qi)鮮(xian)卑(bei)中部大(da)人慕(mu)(mu)容,屬于以(yi)官職(zhi)稱謂漢(han)化為(wei)氏。傳說,在東漢(han)桓(huan)帝執政時期(qi),鮮(xian)卑(bei)民族(zu)分為(wei)中、東、西三部,其中部首(shou)領大(da)人叫柯最闕,居慕(mu)(mu)容寺,后(hou)因(yin)以(yi)為(wei)姓(xing)氏,稱慕(mu)(mu)容氏。
出自(zi)(zi)秦(qin)(qin)漢(han)(han)時期(qi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)慕(mu)容(rong),屬于(yu)以(yi)部(bu)落(luo)首(shou)領名號稱(cheng)謂(wei)為(wei)氏(shi)。據史籍《通志(zhi)·氏(shi)族(zu)(zu)略》記(ji)載,慕(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)出自(zi)(zi)中古(gu)時期(qi),世代(dai)(dai)居于(yu)東(dong)北(bei)地區,秦(qin)(qin)、漢(han)(han)之(zhi)際被稱(cheng)作(zuo)“東(dong)北(bei)夷”。這個“東(dong)北(bei)夷”是古(gu)代(dai)(dai)東(dong)胡(hu)民族(zu)(zu)中的(de)一(yi)個分支(zhi),在漢(han)(han)高祖(zu)劉(liu)邦元(yuan)年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)前206年(nian))秦(qin)(qin)、漢(han)(han)之(zhi)際,東(dong)胡(hu)被匈奴(nu)擊散,之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)該支(zhi)族(zu)(zu)人遷徙(xi)棲息于(yu)以(yi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)山為(wei)核(he)心(xin)的(de)一(yi)帶(dai)地區,即今內蒙自(zi)(zi)治區的(de)西(xi)拉木倫河與吉林省的(de)洮(tao)兒河之(zhi)間,該部(bu)族(zu)(zu)首(shou)領在東(dong)漢(han)(han)時期(qi)建立了一(yi)個“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)”,因此(ci)(ci)號稱(cheng)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)。傳說,這位鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)主自(zi)(zi)稱(cheng)是“慕(mu)二儀之(zhi)道,繼三光之(zhi)容(rong)”,因此(ci)(ci)以(yi)“慕(mu)容(rong)”為(wei)稱(cheng)號,稱(cheng)慕(mu)容(rong)單于(yu),其鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)在后(hou)(hou)來被稱(cheng)作(zuo)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu),部(bu)族(zu)(zu)人等因稱(cheng)慕(mu)容(rong)氏(shi),此(ci)(ci)后(hou)(hou)世代(dai)(dai)相傳。
慕容氏(shi)的(de)發源(yuan)地(di)就在斯地(di),故慕容氏(shi)族人皆(jie)尊奉(feng)慕容單于為(wei)得(de)姓始(shi)祖。
源于(yu)鮮卑(bei)族(zu),出自三(san)國時期(qi)鮮卑(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong),屬于(yu)以(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)名稱為(wei)(wei)氏(shi)。在三(san)國時期(qi),鮮卑(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)領(ling)莫(mo)護(hu)(hu)跋率領(ling)族(zu)人(ren)遷居遼(liao)西(xi)地區,后(hou)(hou)來曾追(zhui)隨司馬(ma)懿(yi)征討在遼(liao)東地區割(ge)據的(de)(de)(de)公孫淵,立(li)(li)下戰功,被封(feng)為(wei)(wei)率義王。后(hou)(hou)莫(mo)護(hu)(hu)跋在荊城北部(bu)(bu)(bu)(今河北昌黎)建(jian)立(li)(li)起(qi)一(yi)個部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟。據說,當時北方的(de)(de)(de)漢(han)族(zu)人(ren)流(liu)行戴(dai)步(bu)(bu)搖冠(一(yi)種帶(dai)有(you)懸垂裝飾物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)帽子(zi)),莫(mo)護(hu)(hu)跋見了很(hen)是(shi)喜(xi)歡,也(ye)做了一(yi)頂,整天戴(dai)在頭上(shang)。部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)里的(de)(de)(de)鮮卑(bei)族(zu)人(ren)見了他這種打扮,都稱他為(wei)(wei)“步(bu)(bu)搖”。因當地語言“步(bu)(bu)搖”同“慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)”讀音相近,所以(yi)傳到(dao)后(hou)(hou)來就成了“慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)”,之后(hou)(hou)莫(mo)護(hu)(hu)跋的(de)(de)(de)族(zu)人(ren)們(men)便干脆以(yi)此(ci)稱謂作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)名稱,并(bing)以(yi)此(ci)為(wei)(wei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)王族(zu)世(shi)(shi)家的(de)(de)(de)姓氏(shi)。到(dao)了西(xi)晉時期(qi),莫(mo)護(hu)(hu)跋的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)代慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)占(zhan)領(ling)了燕北、遼(liao)東一(yi)帶(dai)廣大(da)地區,自稱鮮卑(bei)大(da)單于(yu)。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)的(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)叫慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)皝(huang),是(shi)一(yi)個具有(you)雄才大(da)略的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)物(wu),他創建(jian)了前燕國,從(cong)此(ci)正式以(yi)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)為(wei)(wei)姓氏(shi),隋(sui)唐以(yi)后(hou)(hou),慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏(shi)族(zu)人(ren)多有(you)省文簡改(gai)為(wei)(wei)單性慕(mu)氏(shi)、容(rong)(rong)氏(shi)者,皆世(shi)(shi)代相傳。
在東晉(jin)十六(liu)國(guo)時期,慕容氏(shi)家族在北(bei)方地區先后建立了四大(da)燕(yan)國(guo),即前燕(yan)國(guo)、后燕(yan)國(guo)、西燕(yan)國(guo)、南燕(yan)國(guo),持續輝煌(huang)了七十余年的歷史。
慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)單(dan)于、莫護跋、慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)廆。據《三(san)(san)國(guo)志·鮮(xian)卑(bei)傳》中(zhong)記載(zai),漢桓帝時,鮮(xian)卑(bei)分為(wei)中(zhong)、東(dong)、西三(san)(san)部,中(zhong)部大(da)夫柯最(zui)闕,居慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)寺。歷(li)史上(shang)的鮮(xian)卑(bei)族發(fa)源于今內蒙自(zi)治區(qu)西拉木(mu)倫(lun)河(he)與洮兒河(he)之(zhi)間,慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)氏(shi)的發(fa)源地也在那里,故慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)氏(shi)后人奉單(dan)于為(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)姓的得姓始祖。
慕容復姓(xing)(xing)在(zai)中國的大(da)陸和(he)臺灣省均未列(lie)入百(bai)家姓(xing)(xing)前(qian)一百(bai)位,不過,在(zai)宋版(ban)《百(bai)家姓(xing)(xing)》中排序(xu)為第四(si)百(bai)三十(shi)(shi)六位,在(zai)復姓(xing)(xing)中排序(xu)為第二十(shi)(shi)八位。
慕容本是鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)族的一個(ge)部落名稱,三(san)國時首(shou)領莫(mo)護跋率族人遷(qian)至遼西建國,號鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei),在涉歸做單(dan)于時自云:“慕二儀(古(gu)指天地)之德,繼三(san)光(guang)(日月星)之容”,因(yin)此以慕容為姓。
在(zai)漢桓帝時(shi),鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)分而(er)(er)治之(zhi),分地中(zhong),東(dong),西三區,中(zhong)部(bu)由柯(ke)最闕統治,他(ta)(ta)居住在(zai)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)寺,故(gu)更姓為(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)。相傳(chuan)莫護(hu)跋(ba)在(zai)棘城北建國(guo)時(shi),很(hen)喜歡北方漢人(ren)(ren)當時(shi)很(hen)流行的步搖冠(帶有墜飾的帽子),也叫人(ren)(ren)做了(le)一頂(ding),整(zheng)天戴在(zai)頭上。鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)人(ren)(ren)因此戲稱(cheng)之(zhi)“步搖”。而(er)(er)由于語音與慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)相似,后即訛傳(chuan)為(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)。他(ta)(ta)的后人(ren)(ren)就將錯就錯,將部(bu)落改稱(cheng)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)。
西晉時(shi)期,慕(mu)容氏族人建立了燕(yan)國,正式以慕(mu)容為姓氏。在東晉到(dao)十六國時(shi)期,燕(yan)國曾鼎盛一時(shi),在北方建有(you)前燕(yan),后燕(yan),南燕(yan),西燕(yan)等國,慕(mu)容姓氏得(de)到(dao)了很(hen)廣泛地(di)流傳。
今江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焦作(zuo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫縣(xian)、開封市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、葉縣(xian)、許(xu)昌市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮平縣(xian)、平頂山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中牟縣(xian),廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高要市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、新會(hui)區、臺(tai)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、珠海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、東莞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳川(chuan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、信宜市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、化州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、電白市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、陽(yang)江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、番(fan)禺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、順(shun)德市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沈陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、朝(chao)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、營口(kou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、丹東市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鳳城區,山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)口(kou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、煙(yan)臺(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棲霞縣(xian)、榮成市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、蓬萊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒縣(xian),廣(guang)西(xi)壯族自治區南(nan)(nan)(nan)寧市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、龍(long)川(chuan)縣(xian),甘肅(su)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)慶陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)安市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳堡縣(xian)、綏(sui)(sui)德縣(xian),湖南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邵陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綏(sui)(sui)寧縣(xian)、瀏陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),黑龍(long)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哈爾(er)濱市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鶴崗市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涿州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、邯鄲市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、利辛(xin)縣(xian),云(yun)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大理白族自治州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),貴州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)六枝市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),內蒙古自治區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)赤峰市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、烏海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成都市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),湖南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)邵陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),吉林(lin)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吉林(lin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)津縣(xian),北(bei)京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),臺(tai)灣省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),香港特別行政區,新加坡等地,均(jun)有慕(mu)容氏族人(ren)分布。
2022年1月(yue)24日,公安部戶(hu)政管理(li)研(yan)究中(zhong)心發布(bu)2021年全國姓(xing)名報告。根據報告,慕容姓(xing)分布(bu)最(zui)多(duo)的省份(fen)是廣東(70.94%)。
敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌郡(jun):西漢(han)朝元鼎六(liu)年(庚午,公元前111年),漢(han)武(wu)帝(di)劉徹將敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌郡(jun)從(cong)酒(jiu)泉(quan)郡(jun)分出來置郡(jun),治(zhi)所在今甘(gan)肅省敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌,其時下轄敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌縣(xian)、龍勒(le)縣(xian)、效谷縣(xian)、廣至縣(xian)、淵(yuan)泉(quan)縣(xian)、冥安縣(xian)等(deng)六(liu)個縣(xian),是為敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌設治(zhi)之始。敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌郡(jun)據有陽關、玉(yu)門關,與酒(jiu)泉(quan)郡(jun)、武(wu)威郡(jun)、張掖郡(jun)并(bing)(bing)稱河西四郡(jun)。張騫兩次(ci)出使西域,開通了(le)連結東西方的“絲(si)綢之路”,敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌成為商旅必經的絲(si)路重鎮(zhen)和通往西方的三條線(xian)路的交匯點,并(bing)(bing)以此(ci)奠定(ding)了(le)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)煌在中(zhong)國歷史上的特(te)殊(shu)地位(wei)。
雁(yan)門(men)(men)郡:戰國時(shi)期(qi)趙國趙武靈王(wang)置(zhi)郡,秦朝(chao)、漢朝(chao)沿用,治所在(zai)善無(今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)右(you)玉(yu)),其時(shi)轄地在(zai)今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)省河曲、五寨、寧武、代(dai)縣一(yi)帶(dai)。東漢時(shi)期(qi)移治到陰館(guan)(今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)代(dai)縣),此后(hou)多以雁(yan)門(men)(men)為郡、道、縣建(jian)制戍守。雁(yan)門(men)(men)關之稱(cheng),始自唐朝(chao)初期(qi),因北方突厥崛起,屢有(you)內犯,唐朝(chao)駐(zhu)軍(jun)于(yu)雁(yan)門(men)(men)山(shan),于(yu)制高點鐵裹門(men)(men)設關城,戍卒防守。
遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun):在中國歷史(shi)上,“遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)”這個稱謂有(you)四重意思:①郡(jun)(jun)、國名(ming),戰國時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)燕(yan)(yan)國置(zhi)郡(jun)(jun),洽所(suo)在襄平(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)遼(liao)陽),其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)在今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省大凌河(he)(he)以(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)帶地(di)(di)區(qu);西(xi)晉時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)改為(wei)國;十六國時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的后燕(yan)(yan)末(mo)地(di)(di)入東(dong)(dong)(dong)海郡(jun)(jun);北燕(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)又復置(zhi)遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun)于今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省西(xi)部(bu)一(yi)(yi)帶地(di)(di)區(qu);北齊(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)廢(fei)黜;到東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢安(an)帝時(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)、遼(liao)西(xi)兩郡(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)置(zhi)遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)屬國都尉,治所(suo)在昌黎(li)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)義(yi)縣),其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)在今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省西(xi)部(bu)大凌河(he)(he)中下游一(yi)(yi)帶;三(san)國時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的曹(cao)魏改為(wei)昌黎(li)郡(jun)(jun)。②都司(si)(si)名(ming),明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)洪武(wu)四年(nian)(辛(xin)亥,公元(yuan)(yuan)1371年(nian))置(zhi)定遼(liao)都衛(wei),明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)洪武(wu)八(ba)年(nian)(乙卯,公元(yuan)(yuan)1375年(nian))改為(wei)遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)都司(si)(si),治所(suo)在定遼(liao)中衛(wei)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)遼(liao)陽),其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)為(wei)今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省大部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu);自明(ming)正統(tong)后期(qi)因兀良哈諸族南移,漸失遼(liao)河(he)(he)套(tao)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)河(he)(he)中游兩岸地(di)(di));從明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)天啟元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)~崇禎(zhen)十五年(nian)(辛(xin)酉~壬午,公元(yuan)(yuan)1621~1642年(nian))期(qi)間(jian),全(quan)境為(wei)后金(清)所(suo)并。③軍(jun)鎮(zhen)名(ming),明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)“九邊”之一(yi)(yi),相當于遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)都司(si)(si)的轄(xia)(xia)境,主(zhu)要是鎮(zhen)守總兵官駐廣(guang)寧(ning)(ning)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)北鎮(zhen)),明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)隆(long)慶(qing)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(丁卯,公元(yuan)(yuan)1567年(nian))后冬季則移駐遼(liao)陽(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)(ning)遼(liao)陽);明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)末(mo)期(qi)廢(fei)黜。④地(di)(di)區(qu)名(ming),泛指遼(liao)河(he)(he)以(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)區(qu)。
敦煌堂:以望立堂。
雁門堂:以望立堂。
遼(liao)東堂(tang):以望(wang)立堂(tang)。慕容廆占(zhan)領燕(yan)北、遼(liao)東一(yi)帶,自(zi)稱(cheng)鮮卑大單(dan)于,歸屬(shu)于晉朝。晉朝太興初年封他為“遼(liao)東公”,慕容氏因以“遼(liao)東”為堂(tang)號。
山東榮成慕(mu)容氏宗(zong)譜,著者待考,民國年間木(mu)刻活字印本。現被收(shou)藏在山東省威(wei)海(hai)市人大主(zhu)任馬世和處。
廣東高要慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏大宗族譜(pu),(現(xian)代)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)遇(yu)益始修,慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)瑞湖續修,白粗布手寫版(ban)。現(xian)被(bei)收藏在廣東省高要市白土(tu)鎮慕(mu)(mu)村村委(wei)會、三燕文化研究會的孟(meng)昭凱處。注:據說該(gai)支慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏為慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)紹奕嫡系后裔。
甘(gan)肅慶陽、西峰、鎮(zhen)原慕容(rong)氏合(he)譜,(現代)闔族編修,2005年計算機排(pai)印本。現被收藏在甘(gan)肅省圖書(shu)館(guan)。
山(shan)東(dong)榮成慕容氏字輩(bei):“德善光家(jia)國恩榮慶(qing)世昌”。
山東莒縣慕容氏字輩:“成宏光(guang)振德慶禮堯春希”。
陜西吳(wu)堡(bao)慕容氏字輩:“天希文中(zhong)錫(xi)汝生明建浩學海(hai)春云問吉成”。
吉林(lin)梅河口慕容(rong)氏字輩:“明(ming)宏東有成(cheng)本士(shi)常全宗(zong)德繼(ji)文嘉俊學海詠(yong)苑功。
雙楠(nan)居(ju)士;三品(pin)中書(shu):上(shang)聯(lian)典指(zhi)北宋朝時期(qi)的慕(mu)容暉,曾與蘇(su)軾有過(guo)交往(wang),嗜酒而(er)喜歡(huan)吟詩,他家有兩株楠(nan)木,被人稱為雙楠(nan)居(ju)士。下聯(lian)典指(zhi)北宋朝時期(qi)的太原人慕(mu)容延釗,字(zi)化龍,后(hou)周時,官(guan)北面行(xing)營馬(ma)步軍(jun)都虞(yu),與趙匡胤(yin)關系很好。趙建北宋,命(ming)他以重兵(bing)鎮守北方,后(hou)任(ren)殿前都檢點、同中書(shu)門(men)下三品(pin)(宰相(xiang))。建隆年(nian)間出任(ren)湖南(nan)道行(xing)營前軍(jun)都部署,平(ping)定湖南(nan)周保權、荊南(nan)高繼沖等人的叛(pan)亂,加檢討太尉(wei)。
推(tui)命(ming)(ming)世(shi)器;授(shou)冠(guan)將(jiang)(jiang)軍:上聯(lian)典指前(qian)燕朝時期(qi)的慕容廆(hui)謁張華,華異之(zhi)曰(yue):“命(ming)(ming)世(shi)器也(ye)。”下聯(lian)典指后(hou)燕朝時期(qi)的慕容垂投奔苻堅,堅待以國土(tu),授(shou)冠(guan)將(jiang)(jiang)軍,封賓都侯。
器堪名世;志在(zai)凌(ling)霄:上聯典指(zhi)前(qian)燕(yan)朝(chao)(chao)時期的慕容廆。下(xia)聯典指(zhi)后燕(yan)朝(chao)(chao)時期的慕容垂被苻(fu)堅重用,后苻(fu)堅敗于(yu)(yu)晉(jin),慕容垂遂叛秦稱帝于(yu)(yu)中山,國(guo)號后燕(yan)。
慕(mu)容恪(公元?~366年(nian)),鮮(xian)卑族(zu),字(zi)玄恭,前燕(yan)主慕(mu)容皝(huang)之子(zi);昌黎棘城(今遼寧義縣(xian))。著(zhu)名東(dong)晉十六國時(shi)期前燕(yan)政治家(jia)、軍事家(jia)。慕(mu)容恪是前燕(yan)王慕(mu)容皝(huang)的第四子(zi),慕(mu)容恪“幼(you)而謹厚,沈深有大度(du)”。因其母高(gao)氏不被(bei)寵愛,所(suo)以一直(zhi)不為慕(mu)容皝(huang)所(suo)注意。
慕容隆(公元(yuan)?~397年),鮮卑族;昌黎棘城人(今(jin)遼寧義縣)。著名十六國時期后燕將(jiang)領。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)藏(zang)(公元(yuan)544~611年待考),燕人(ren)。著名隋朝大臣。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)藏(zang)的(de)(de)父親是(shi)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)紹宗(zong),《北(bei)(bei)史》第五十三(san)(san)卷中(zhong)有傳。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)紹宗(zong)承襲祖(zu)、父而(er)任職(zhi)于北(bei)(bei)魏,封索盧侯(hou),任北(bei)(bei)魏后期權臣爾朱兆(zhao)的(de)(de)長史,朱兆(zhao)失敗(bai)后轉投北(bei)(bei)齊高氏。先后掌管府庫、圖籍(ji)諸(zhu)事,任青州(zhou)刺史、御史中(zhong)丞、徐州(zhou)刺史、尚書左仆射、東南道(dao)行(xing)臺(為(wei)(wei)擊討(tao)侯(hou)景而(er)設(she))、南道(dao)行(xing)臺(為(wei)(wei)抗擊西魏王(wang)思政(zheng)設(she))等職(zhi)。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)藏(zang)的(de)(de)后人(ren),史籍(ji)中(zhong)只提到其孫慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)知廉,任唐雍(yong)州(zhou)涇陽縣尉。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)知廉之父是(shi)否(fou)就是(shi)上文中(zhong)的(de)(de)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)遐(xia),不好(hao)斷言,因為(wei)(wei)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)遐(xia)只是(shi)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)藏(zang)的(de)(de)兒子(zi)之一,慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)知廉與慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)遐(xia)的(de)(de)關系是(shi)父子(zi)還(huan)是(shi)叔侄(zhi),現有的(de)(de)材料還(huan)不能確定。
慕容延(yan)(yan)釗(公元908~964年),字化龍;山西太原人。著名五(wu)代、宋初將領。慕容延(yan)(yan)釗出身將門,他(ta)的(de)(de)父(fu)親慕容章官至襄州(zhou)馬步軍(jun)都校,領開州(zhou)刺史。慕容延(yan)(yan)釗在少年時(shi)代就(jiu)以勇敢干練(lian)聞(wen)聲,后(hou)漢(han)(han)時(shi)他(ta)為樞密使郭威的(de)(de)部(bu)下(xia)。郭威代漢(han)(han)建周后(hou),他(ta)被補為西頭供奉官,歷(li)尚食副使、鐵騎都虞候,后(hou)周世宗(zong)繼位(wei)后(hou),改(gai)任殿(dian)前散指揮(hui)使都校、領溪(xi)州(zhou)刺史。慕容延(yan)(yan)釗戎(rong)馬一(yi)生,他(ta)善于(yu)攻伐,南征北戰,以軍(jun)事(shi)統(tong)帥的(de)(de)身份參(can)加了后(hou)周和北宋幾次(ci)主要的(de)(de)統(tong)一(yi)戰爭,并(bing)立(li)下(xia)顯赫戰功。
慕(mu)容彥超(生卒年待考),五代(dai)時后(hou)周將軍(jun),曾任兗州(今山東(dong)滋(zi)陽)節度使,后(hou)叛周兵敗自殺。
慕(mu)(mu)容農(公元?~398年),鮮(xian)卑(bei)族;昌黎(li)棘城(cheng)人(今遼寧(ning)義(yi)縣)。著名十六(liu)國(guo)時期(qi)后燕(yan)將(jiang)領。慕(mu)(mu)容農是后燕(yan)開國(guo)皇帝(di)慕(mu)(mu)容垂之子,他與慕(mu)(mu)容隆一樣,是慕(mu)(mu)容垂的(de)愛姬所生。
慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)翰(han)(公(gong)元?~344年),鮮(xian)卑族(zu),字元邕;昌黎棘城人(ren)(今遼(liao)寧義(yi)縣)。著名十六國時(shi)期前燕將領(ling)。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)翰(han)為鮮(xian)卑族(zu)領(ling)袖(xiu)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆的(de)長子,慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)翰(han)“性雄(xiong)豪,多權略,猿臂工(gong)射,膂(lv)力過人(ren)。”慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆甚是(shi)驚(jing)奇,遂(sui)委以重(zhong)任。
慕(mu)容楚強:生于一八九四年十(shi)月二十(shi)七日(ri),家中五兄弟(di)排行(xing)老大(da),從小(xiao)聰穎好學,能文善武,剛正不(bu)阿,常為(wei)人打抱不(bu)平(ping),伸張(zhang)正義,被譽為(wei)“翻天印”。
慕容(rong)浩然:出生(sheng)于一(yi)個(ge)貧苦的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民家(jia)(jia)庭。初小畢業后(hou)在(zai)家(jia)(jia)務(wu)(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)。1930年(nian)在(zai)家(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)參加(jia)(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民赤衛(wei)軍(jun)(jun)。后(hou)因(yin)斗(dou)爭環(huan)境極其(qi)險惡,被(bei)組織(zhi)送到(dao)湘(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)縣(xian)城一(yi)家(jia)(jia)織(zhi)布廠學織(zhi)布,并改姓羅。1938年(nian),辭職回(hui)到(dao)家(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)瀏陽(yang)高田慕家(jia)(jia)沖(chong)參加(jia)(jia)(jia)抗日救(jiu)(jiu)亡運動。不久(jiu),加(jia)(jia)(jia)入中國(guo)(guo)共產黨(dang),并任高田鄉(xiang)(xiang)黨(dang)支部(bu)書記。常利用自己的(de)(de)織(zhi)布手(shou)藝,走鄉(xiang)(xiang)串村,秘(mi)密從事恢復和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)黨(dang)的(de)(de)組織(zhi)工作。1945年(nian)在(zai)平江參加(jia)(jia)(jia)王震領導(dao)的(de)(de)南(nan)下支隊(dui)(后(hou)改名國(guo)(guo)民革命軍(jun)(jun)湖南(nan)抗日救(jiu)(jiu)國(guo)(guo)軍(jun)(jun))。為(wei)擴(kuo)大抗日力量(liang),自告(gao)奮勇返(fan)回(hui)瀏陽(yang)動員(yuan)青年(nian)參軍(jun)(jun)。途中,曾一(yi)度被(bei)國(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)隊(dui)扣留(liu)(liu),遭受毒打,始終嚴(yan)守機(ji)密。被(bei)保釋回(hui)家(jia)(jia)后(hou),仍(reng)積極設法(fa)完成任務(wu)(wu),并順利返(fan)回(hui)部(bu)隊(dui)。不久(jiu),被(bei)安(an)排到(dao)湖北(bei)夏陵軍(jun)(jun)政(zheng)學校學習。后(hou)回(hui)原部(bu)隊(dui)任偵(zhen)察員(yuan)。曾多次深入敵占區偵(zhen)察情況,參加(jia)(jia)(jia)搗毀(hui)偽軍(jun)(jun)駐點,襲擊日軍(jun)(jun)輜(zi)重車輛等戰(zhan)斗(dou)。同年(nian)9月,隨部(bu)北(bei)上途中在(zai)河南(nan)光山(shan)縣(xian)分別與兩股拒降的(de)(de)日軍(jun)(jun)展(zhan)開激戰(zhan)時,左手(shou)和(he)右腿先后(hou)中彈負(fu)傷(shang)(shang),遂被(bei)留(liu)(liu)在(zai)當地農(nong)(nong)(nong)民家(jia)(jia)養傷(shang)(shang)。不久(jiu),被(bei)國(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)隊(dui)搜查(cha)出逮捕,殺害于光山(shan)縣(xian)郊。
慕(mu)容(rong)廆(公元269年~333年),燕國實際締造者,西晉(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi),慕(mu)容(rong)廆被封為(wei)鮮卑(bei)(bei)都督,是晉(jin)(jin)國的一個(ge)軍(jun)官,他率本部人馬居遼東(dong)境,與(yu)段(duan)鮮卑(bei)(bei)和宇文(wen)鮮卑(bei)(bei)為(wei)鄰。慕(mu)容(rong)廆與(yu)段(duan)鮮卑(bei)(bei)結為(wei)婚姻,同時(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)破宇文(wen)鮮卑(bei)(bei),聲勢曰益壯大(da)(da)。八王之亂時(shi)(shi),自稱大(da)(da)單于,由于中原大(da)(da)亂,許多晉(jin)(jin)朝官民前去遼東(dong),慕(mu)容(rong)廆設立郡縣,開辦學校(xiao),教(jiao)以農桑,使世子(zi)慕(mu)容(rong)皝等入(ru)學讀書。孫慕(mu)容(rong)俊稱帝后,追尊慕(mu)容(rong)廆為(wei)武宣(xuan)皇帝。
慕容皝(huang)(公元297~348年(nian)),鮮卑族,字(zi)元真,小(xiao)字(zi)萬年(nian),鮮卑族領袖慕容炅第(di)三子;昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名(ming)十六國時期前燕開國皇帝(di),軍事統帥,前燕太(tai)祖文(wen)明皇帝(di)。在位時間(jian)從公元337~348年(nian)為(wei)期十二年(nian),終年(nian)五(wu)十二歲。
慕(mu)容(rong)俊(jun)(公(gong)元(yuan)317~360年(nian)),鮮卑族,字宣英,慕(mu)容(rong)皝(huang)第(di)二子;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六(liu)國時期(qi)前(qian)燕第(di)二位皇帝,前(qian)燕烈祖景昭皇帝。在(zai)位時間從公(gong)元(yuan)348~360年(nian)為期(qi)十三年(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)四十三歲(sui)。
慕容(rong)暐(公元(yuan)350年(nian)(nian)—384年(nian)(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族,慕容(rong)俊第(di)三子;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著(zhu)名十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)時期前(qian)燕第(di)二位皇帝,前(qian)燕烈幽皇帝。在位時間從公元(yuan)360~370年(nian)(nian)為(wei)期十(shi)一年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)三十(shi)四歲。慕容(rong)俊立以為(wei)皇太子,后嗣位,公元(yuan)370年(nian)(nian)11月苻堅攻入鄴城,慕容(rong)暐外逃被俘,前(qian)燕國(guo)滅亡(wang)。
慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)(公元326~396年(nian)(nian)),鮮卑族,昌黎棘城人(今(jin)遼寧義(yi)縣)。十(shi)六(liu)國時(shi)期后(hou)燕創建者(zhe),后(hou)燕世(shi)祖成武皇帝(di)。在位時(shi)間從公元384~396年(nian)(nian)為(wei)期十(shi)三年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)七(qi)十(shi)一歲。慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)原為(wei)前秦大(da)將,苻堅慘敗于(yu)淝水之戰后(hou),慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)即圖恢(hui)復燕國,于(yu)公
元384年稱燕王,兩年后(hou)稱帝,定(ding)都于中山。
慕容(rong)熙(xi)(公元385~408年(nian)(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族(zu),字道文,一字長(chang)生,慕容(rong)垂(chui)少子;昌黎棘城(cheng)人(今遼寧義縣)。十(shi)六(liu)國時期后(hou)燕創建者,后(hou)燕昭文皇帝(di)。在位時間從(cong)公元401~408年(nian)(nian)為期七年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)二十(shi)三歲。
慕容德(de)(公元335~405年(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族,字(zi)名備德(de),字(zi)玄明,前燕(yan)(yan)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)慕容皝(huang)之少子,后燕(yan)(yan)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)慕容垂之弟;昌黎棘(ji)城人(今遼寧(ning)義縣)。十六國時(shi)(shi)期南(nan)燕(yan)(yan)創建者,南(nan)燕(yan)(yan)世宗獻武皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)。在位(wei)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)從公元398~405年(nian)為期八(ba)年(nian),終年(nian)七十歲。
慕容(rong)超(公(gong)元385~410年(nian)(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族,慕容(rong)德(de)之(zhi)兄,北(bei)海王慕容(rong)納之(zhi)子;昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。十(shi)六(liu)國時期(qi)南燕(yan)末(mo)位(wei)(wei)皇(huang)帝(di),南燕(yan)末(mo)帝(di)。在位(wei)(wei)時間從公(gong)元405~410年(nian)(nian)為期(qi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)二十(shi)六(liu)歲(sui)。慕容(rong)德(de)立以為太(tai)子,慕容(rong)德(de)逝世后嗣(si)位(wei)(wei),公(gong)元410年(nian)(nian)為東晉劉裕所(suo)敗,俘送于(yu)建(jian)康(kang)而(er)殺(sha)之(zhi),南燕(yan)國滅(mie)亡。
慕(mu)容(rong)沖(公元359~386年(nian)(nian)),鮮(xian)卑族,小字鳳皇,前燕帝(di)(di)慕(mu)容(rong)俊之子,慕(mu)容(rong)暐之弟。著名(ming)十(shi)六國時期西燕國皇帝(di)(di),西燕威皇帝(di)(di),在位時間從公元385~386年(nian)(nian)為期一年(nian)(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)(nian)二十(shi)七歲(sui)。
慕(mu)容永(yong)(公元(yuan)?~394年(nian)(nian)待考(kao)),鮮卑族,字叔明,慕(mu)容部首領慕(mu)容廆其弟慕(mu)容運之孫(一說為其子),前燕建立者慕(mu)容皝之堂侄。著名十六國(guo)時期西燕國(guo)末位皇帝(di),在位時間從公元(yuan)385~394年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)歲數(shu)待考(kao)。