高其佩,生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)清順治十七年(nian)(1660),卒于(yu)(yu)雍正十二年(nian)(1734),一作(1672-1734),享年(nian)75歲。字(zi)韋之(zhi),亦書韋三,號(hao)且園,或書且道(dao)人,又號(hao)南村,鐵嶺(ling)(今屬(shu)遼寧)人。工詩。他(ta)年(nian)輕時(shi),學習傳統繪畫(hua),山(shan)水(shui)、人物受吳偉的影響,中(zhong)年(nian)以(yi)后,開(kai)始用指頭繪畫(hua),所(suo)畫(hua)花(hua)木、鳥獸、魚、龍和人物,無不簡恬生(sheng)(sheng)動。意趣昂然。還著(zhu)有《且園詩鈔(chao)》。
據《鐵(tie)(tie)嶺縣(xian)志》記載(zai),他(ta)是名宦后裔,為清漢(han)(han)軍鑲(xiang)白(bai)旗輕(qing)騎都尉高(gao)天(tian)爵(jue)的第(di)五子,后因(yin)其(qi)(qi)兄高(gao)其(qi)(qi)位有(you)(you)軍功,雍正皇帝特嘉改(gai)漢(han)(han)軍鑲(xiang)黃旗。高(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)八歲(sui)(sui)(sui)學畫,遇稿輒模,積十(shi)余(yu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),盈二簏。隨叔父(fu)高(gao)承爵(jue)游(you)宦廣東,時廣東官衙內有(you)(you)西席吳(wu)韋,能以指(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)畫,高(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)受其(qi)(qi)影響(xiang)較深。十(shi)七歲(sui)(sui)(sui)時喪父(fu),由叔輩高(gao)承爵(jue)諸人(ren)撫養,未應科舉,由祖蔭在康(kang)(kang)熙三十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1694年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),出任(ren)姚(yao)州(zhou)牧,次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)轉任(ren)虞部(bu)(bu)郎(lang)。康(kang)(kang)熙四(si)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),(1701年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))受宿州(zhou)知縣(xian),兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后,內遷工部(bu)(bu)員外郎(lang)。康(kang)(kang)熙四(si)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1706年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))外放分巡(xun)浙江溫處(chu)道,隨后,他(ta)在署年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕(qing)運使(shi)任(ren)中,因(yin)虧欠鹽課丟官。康(kang)(kang)熙五十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1715年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),高(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)重(zhong)踏仕途(tu),出任(ren)四(si)川(chuan)分巡(xun)川(chuan)南水寧(ning)道達六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之久,直到康(kang)(kang)熙五十(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1720年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),升任(ren)四(si)川(chuan)按察使(shi),在成都任(ren)職(zhi)。雍正元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1723)內遷光祿侍郎(lang),九(jiu)月升刑(xing)部(bu)(bu)右侍郎(lang)。第(di)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)升正紅旗漢(han)(han)軍都統,仍(reng)領刑(xing)部(bu)(bu)右侍郎(lang)之銜。雍正五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1727)七月,因(yin)于(yu)刑(xing)部(bu)(bu)右侍郎(lang)任(ren)內定(ding)讞(yan)中有(you)(you)失,慘遭革(ge)職(zhi),從此脫離仕途(tu),時年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六十(shi)七歲(sui)(sui)(sui)。他(ta)雖久居(ju)他(ta)鄉,身游(you)宦海(hai),但不忘故鄉,在畫上常題有(you)(you):“鐵(tie)(tie)嶺高(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)指(zhi)(zhi)畫”、“鐵(tie)(tie)嶺高(gao)七郎(lang)”、“鐵(tie)(tie)嶺古(gu)狂”,因(yin)此時人(ren)對其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)“高(gao)鐵(tie)(tie)嶺”之稱。
高其佩(pei)晚年(nian),指畫聲(sheng)譽遠播朝(chao)鮮,但(dan)他(ta)依然繪畫“甲殘至吮血(xue),日匿頻燒燭”。雍正(zheng)八年(nian)(1730),應詔(zhao)圓明園如意館作(zuo)畫3年(nian),創作(zuo)了《長江(jiang)萬里(li)圖》等細絹工筆畫。高秉《指頭畫說》記(ji)載,高其佩(pei)曾(ceng)為兵(bing)部尚書(shu)盧舜徒寫真,畫一(yi)立像,高與真人相齊。畫成后,盧舜徒歡喜(xi)若狂道(dao)(dao):“神乎技矣!進(jin)乎道(dao)(dao)矣!”
其(qi)作品有:《飽(bao)虎(hu)圖(tu)》、《雁(yan)行圖(tu)》、《怒容(rong)鐘(zhong)馗圖(tu)》、《梧桐喜鵲圖(tu)》、《虬松莫岫(xiu)圖(tu)》、《高(gao)岡獨立圖(tu)》、《稻穗螳螂圖(tu)》、《松陰小琪圖(tu)》、《指畫人物》冊(ce)(十頁(ye))等。
高其佩(pei)(pei)“揚州(zhou)八(ba)怪李鱓”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師。其藝術(shu)才(cai)華出(chu)眾,能詩、工(gong)畫(hua),他(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)(zai)細(xi)絹上所(suo)描繪(hui)的(de)(de)(de)亭臺(tai)樓閣、人(ren)物、花鳥、魚蟲(chong)等等,筆墨精細(xi),設色艷(yan)麗,精妙(miao)絕倫。他(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)(zai)臨摹(mo)了(le)大量的(de)(de)(de)前代名人(ren)作(zuo)品,打下(xia)(xia)了(le)深厚的(de)(de)(de)根基之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,開(kai)創(chuang)了(le)一(yi)條新路。大膽地創(chuang)造出(chu)了(le)別具(ju)情(qing)趣的(de)(de)(de)“舍筆而(er)求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于手”的(de)(de)(de)表現技法(fa)。秀(xiu)水(shui)張浦(pu)山著的(de)(de)(de)《國朝畫(hua)征錄(lu)》中(zhong)記載:“高且園善指(zhi)畫(hua),畫(hua)人(ren)、山水(shui)花鳥、魚蟲(chong)、鳥獸(shou),天資超邁,情(qing)奇逸趣,信手而(er)得(de),四方重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。高其佩(pei)(pei)指(zhi)畫(hua)有(you)“叱(chi)石成羊”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙(miao),他(ta)(ta)創(chuang)作(zuo)山水(shui)、人(ren)物、花鳥、走獸(shou)時,均(jun)信手一(yi)揮而(er)就,“傾刻數(shu)十幅,……無(wu)不絕人(ren)。”他(ta)(ta)一(yi)生的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)畫(hua)數(shu)量是驚人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)。正如他(ta)(ta)侄孫高秉在(zai)(zai)(zai)《指(zhi)頭畫(hua)說》一(yi)文(wen)中(zhong)所(suo)述:“自弱冠(guan)至七旬,不下(xia)(xia)五、六萬幅”。可惜其大部分(fen)早已失傳。保(bao)存下(xia)(xia)來的(de)(de)(de)多藏于各地博物館,鐵嶺(ling)縣文(wen)化館過去曾存有(you)春、夏、秋、冬四幅《竹》。上海出(chu)版(ban)社(she)出(chu)版(ban)的(de)(de)(de)《高其佩(pei)(pei)》(楊仁愷著)一(yi)書,對他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)生活和創(chuang)作(zuo)道路做了(le)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)論述,指(zhi)出(chu)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大貢獻(xian)是:“標題材之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新,立(li)結構之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異,對當時和后來繪(hui)畫(hua)藝術(shu)都(dou)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)影響。”
工詩,著有《且(qie)園詩鈔(chao)》。