芒果视频下载

譚鐘麟(lin)（1822-1905），湖南(nan)茶(cha)陵(ling)人，清末政(zheng)治(zhi)人物。是咸(xian)豐六年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1856年(nian)(nian)(nian)）進(jin)士，年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕(qing)時曾游(you)歷(li)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)，對(dui)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)風(feng)土人情有所(suo)了解(jie)。同治(zhi)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1871年(nian)(nian)(nian)），由陜(shan)(shan)甘總督(du)左(zuo)宗棠奏(zou)準調(diao)入陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)，出(chu)(chu)任(ren)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)布(bu)政(zheng)使(shi)，不(bu)久便護理巡(xun)撫。來陜(shan)(shan)任(ren)職前(qian)，陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)曾發(fa)生(sheng)回(hui)(hui)(hui)民(min)(min)起義(yi)，回(hui)(hui)(hui)漢矛盾尖銳，許多回(hui)(hui)(hui)民(min)(min)難以為生(sheng)。他(ta)到任(ren)后，解(jie)除了不(bu)許回(hui)(hui)(hui)民(min)(min)出(chu)(chu)城的(de)禁(jin)令(ling)，并(bing)指示各(ge)府縣(xian)秉公處理回(hui)(hui)(hui)漢訴訟，贏得陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)回(hui)(hui)(hui)民(min)(min)贊譽。他(ta)重(zhong)(zhong)視教育，對(dui)建于明(ming)萬歷(li)二十年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1592年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、已(yi)有兩百余年(nian)(nian)(nian)歷(li)史、當時卻幾近關(guan)閉(bi)的(de)關(guan)中書(shu)院，下大力氣進(jin)行整頓，參(can)照(zhao)朱子(zi)白鹿洞書(shu)院的(de)規章和(he)(he)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)設置，修訂了關(guan)中書(shu)院的(de)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)，并(bing)提出(chu)(chu)重(zhong)(zhong)躬(gong)行、講經義(yi)、稽(ji)史事、通(tong)時務、嚴(yan)課(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)五項辦學要求(qiu)，使(shi)關(guan)中書(shu)院重(zhong)(zhong)新振興(xing)。他(ta)還(huan)注重(zhong)(zhong)實業，督(du)導(dao)興(xing)修水利，疏通(tong)白公渠；發(fa)放蠶(can)種(zhong)紙，鼓(gu)勵百姓種(zhong)桑養蠶(can)，使(shi)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)絲織(zhi)業大興(xing)。光緒元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)三月(yue)十五日(ri)（1875年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)20日(ri)）實授陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)巡(xun)撫，賞(shang)一品(pin)頂(ding)戴并(bing)賞(shang)頂(ding)戴花翎。三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1877年(nian)(nian)(nian)）陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)大旱(han)。譚鐘麟(lin)奏(zou)請緩征(zheng)蒲城、綏德等49廳州縣(xian)本(ben)年(nian)(nian)(nian)未(wei)征(zheng)和(he)(he)舊(jiu)欠錢糧(liang)；急調(diao)各(ge)州縣(xian)社(she)倉庫(ku)糧(liang)賑濟災民(min)(min)；本(ben)省(sheng)賑糧(liang)不(bu)敷(fu)，他(ta)通(tong)過(guo)朝廷向閩、粵海關(guan)借銀，解(jie)決向外省(sheng)購糧(liang)、運糧(liang)所(suo)需經費(fei)。賑災中，他(ta)嚴(yan)禁(jin)囤積居奇(qi)，嚴(yan)懲(cheng)肥私官吏，使(shi)災年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)穩渡(du)過(guo)。

光緒五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1879年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）秋調(diao)任浙江巡撫(fu)，加兵部尚書(shu)銜。他(ta)(ta)派人清查土地，核(he)實漕平，更(geng)定(ding)厘(li)稅，治(zhi)浚河(he)道(dao)，鼓勵商運，修筑炮臺，重建(jian)(jian)文瀾閣并珍藏乾隆帝賜予(yu)的“四庫(ku)(ku)全書(shu)”，名震一方。兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)，調(diao)任陜(shan)甘總(zong)督(du)。為準備(bei)新疆(jiang)建(jian)(jian)立行省，他(ta)(ta)于八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1882年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）曾奏請(qing)在新疆(jiang)南路設置丞(cheng)倅牧令道(dao)員；十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1884年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）新疆(jiang)正式建(jian)(jian)省后(hou)，他(ta)(ta)為改(gai)變每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向新疆(jiang)調(diao)運糧餉(xiang)征用大批民車的做法，專設官車局，減輕(qing)了百(bai)(bai)姓負擔。為解決鹽販哄(hong)抬鹽價問題，他(ta)(ta)制訂就(jiu)場征課法，使(shi)食鹽價格下降。還在蘭州(zhou)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)求古書(shu)院，在甘州(zhou)（今甘肅張掖）創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)河(he)西精舍(she)，選拔(ba)文人學者著書(shu)講學。十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1885年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）中法戰爭爆(bao)發。他(ta)(ta)上(shang)(shang)奏朝廷(ting)，請(qing)求率(lv)軍迎(ying)敵(di)，未允。十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1888年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）黃河(he)決口，主(zhu)動(dong)籌集(ji)60萬(wan)兩(liang)白銀援助河(he)南修堤、賑災。任陜(shan)甘總(zong)督(du)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)半，陜(shan)甘文化和經(jing)濟均有發展，庫(ku)(ku)儲銀百(bai)(bai)余萬(wan)兩(liang)，各州(zhou)縣積谷數百(bai)(bai)萬(wan)石(shi)，比他(ta)(ta)就(jiu)任時增長十(shi)倍以上(shang)(shang)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1888年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）以目疾開(kai)缺回籍養病。

十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1891年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）春奉旨入京，以尚書銜補吏部(bu)(bu)左侍(shi)郎，后歷任戶(hu)部(bu)(bu)左侍(shi)郎、工部(bu)(bu)尚書、閩浙總(zong)(zong)督(du)、四(si)川(chuan)總(zong)(zong)督(du)等職。二(er)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1894年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）加賞太子少保銜。二(er)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1895年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）春調任兩(liang)廣(guang)總(zong)(zong)督(du)，殘酷(ku)鎮壓了(le)孫中(zhong)山領導的乙未(wei)廣(guang)州起義。二(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian) （1899年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），上(shang)諭令(ling)譚(tan)(tan)鐘麟(lin)赴北京覲(jin)見(jian)，次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)李鴻章(zhang)實授(shou)兩(liang)廣(guang)總(zong)(zong)督(du)。三十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1905年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），譚(tan)(tan)鐘麟(lin)逝(shi)世(shi)，終年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)83歲，謚文勤(qin)。