芒果视频下载

水(shui)面艦(jian)艇(ting)部隊是海軍中在水(shui)面遂(sui)行作戰(zhan)(zhan)任務(wu)的兵種。有的國家稱水(shui)面部隊或水(shui)面兵力。包括水(shui)面戰(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)艇(ting)部隊和勤務(wu)艦(jian)船部隊。海軍的基本作戰(zhan)(zhan)兵力。

主要任務

具(ju)有反(fan)艦(jian)、反(fan)潛、防空(kong)、水(shui)(shui)雷戰(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)對岸(an)攻擊等作戰(zhan)能力(li)，能單獨或在其(qi)他軍種(zhong)、兵種(zhong)部隊協同下(xia)，完(wan)成海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)戰(zhan)役(yi)戰(zhan)斗任(ren)務(wu)，有的(de)還(huan)可(ke)以執行(xing)戰(zhan)略性(xing)戰(zhan)役(yi)任(ren)務(wu)。主要(yao)用于攻擊敵方海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)兵力(li)和(he)(he)(he)岸(an)上(shang)(shang)目(mu)標，支援登(deng)陸、抗登(deng)陸作戰(zhan)，保護或破擊海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)交通線(xian)，進(jin)行(xing)海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)封鎖、反(fan)封鎖作戰(zhan)，海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)運送作戰(zhan)兵力(li)與物(wu)資，參加(jia)奪取制海(hai)(hai)權和(he)(he)(he)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)制空(kong)權的(de)斗爭等。平時，除保衛海(hai)(hai)疆外，還(huan)根據國家(jia)政治、經濟(ji)和(he)(he)(he)外交政策，保衛大陸架、專屬經濟(ji)區，保衛和(he)(he)(he)參加(jia)海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)科學(xue)試驗(yan)與調查作業、開發海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)資源，維(wei)護國家(jia)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)權益(yi)。有的(de)國家(jia)還(huan)將水(shui)(shui)面艦(jian)艇部隊派駐他國基地(di)或進(jin)入他國海(hai)(hai)域游弋，炫耀武力(li)或進(jin)行(xing)軍事干涉。

編制種類

現(xian)代(dai)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，各國(guo)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類、編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)制(zhi)規模差(cha)異很(hen)大。有(you)(you)的(de)(de)國(guo)家海軍(jun)(jun)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)擁有(you)(you)航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡(xun)洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等大中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)型艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)，總數(shu)達數(shu)百(bai)艘(sou)；有(you)(you)的(de)(de)國(guo)家海軍(jun)(jun)僅(jin)有(you)(you)幾(ji)艘(sou)小型巡(xun)邏艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。戰斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，按艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區(qu)分(fen)，有(you)(you)航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡(xun)洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、布雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、掃雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、登陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、獵潛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、導彈艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、魚雷艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)等部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。勤務(wu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，主要有(you)(you)偵察(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、通(tong)信船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海道測量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋調(diao)查船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、防險救生船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、醫院(yuan)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、訓(xun)練艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、修理艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、補(bu)給(gei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、運輸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)及(ji)其(qi)他專用(yong)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等。水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，通(tong)常分(fen)為(wei)(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)（行(xing)政編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)）、任(ren)務(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)（作戰編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)）。艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，由戰術(shu)技術(shu)性能(neng)相同或(huo)(huo)相近的(de)(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)制(zhi)序列，實行(xing)統一領導和(he)管理。任(ren)務(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，在遂行(xing)海上(shang)駐(zhu)巡(xun)、作戰或(huo)(huo)其(qi)他任(ren)務(wu)時(shi)，根據(ju)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)性質、參(can)與艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類和(he)數(shu)量等，從艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抽調(diao)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)或(huo)(huo)建制(zhi)單(dan)位，參(can)加海軍(jun)(jun)諸兵(bing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成的(de)(de)特(te)混(hun)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、分(fen)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或(huo)(huo)其(qi)他形式的(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)；在一定條件下，也可單(dan)獨組(zu)(zu)(zu)成任(ren)務(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。海軍(jun)(jun)組(zu)(zu)(zu)織諸兵(bing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)合同作戰時(shi)，通(tong)常以(yi)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)為(wei)(wei)基礎，設專門指(zhi)揮艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（旗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)），或(huo)(huo)在某(mou)艘(sou)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)上(shang)開設海上(shang)指(zhi)揮所(suo)。參(can)與執行(xing)某(mou)項(xiang)任(ren)務(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，任(ren)務(wu)結(jie)束后歸(gui)建。美(mei)國(guo)海軍(jun)(jun)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)有(you)(you)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)設有(you)(you)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)司(si)令部(bu)(bu)(bu)，統轄所(suo)屬水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。其(qi)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，統一編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)各艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或(huo)(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)；任(ren)務(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)作戰艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、特(te)混(hun)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、特(te)混(hun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、特(te)混(hun)分(fen)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和(he)特(te)混(hun)小隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。

美國航空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)則屬于艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)航空(kong)兵部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)建制，根據任務需(xu)要，配(pei)屬作戰艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。海(hai)軍水(shui)面艦(jian)(jian)艇部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，艦(jian)(jian)種(zhong)編(bian)組為(wei)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、大(da)(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等(deng)；任務編(bian)組通(tong)常分別以航空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)、巡洋艦(jian)(jian)或驅逐艦(jian)(jian)為(wei)核心，并配(pei)有其他水(shui)面艦(jian)(jian)艇為(wei)護衛(wei)(wei)兵力組成(cheng)編(bian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。日本(ben)海(hai)上(shang)自衛(wei)(wei)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，以驅逐艦(jian)(jian)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)為(wei)主，編(bian)成(cheng)護衛(wei)(wei)艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，隸屬聯合艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，下(xia)轄(xia)護衛(wei)(wei)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)群和隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，作為(wei)其海(hai)上(shang)防衛(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)主力。一(yi)些發展中(zhong)國家的(de)(de)水(shui)面艦(jian)(jian)艇部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)編(bian)組形式，通(tong)常是在艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)下(xia)直轄(xia)艦(jian)(jian)種(zhong)大(da)(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。

發展歷史

世界上自有海軍(jun)、艦隊(dui)以(yi)來，就有水(shui)面(mian)艦艇部(bu)隊(dui)。隨著海軍(jun)裝(zhuang)備的(de)改進，海戰規模的(de)擴展和(he)樣式的(de)變(bian)化，水(shui)面(mian)艦艇部(bu)隊(dui)加(jia)快了(le)發展。

第一次世界(jie)大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)前(qian)夕，英、法(fa)、俄(e)、意、德、奧(ao)等(deng)國(guo)的(de)海(hai)(hai)軍(jun)，就擁有戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)(lie)巡洋(yang)(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)，大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)期間這些戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)在海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中起(qi)主導作(zuo)用(yong)。海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時，通常由(you)單(dan)一艦(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)的(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)和驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)或2～3個(ge)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)組成編隊(dui)，成單(dan)縱隊(dui)或復列(lie)(lie)縱隊(dui)，進行列(lie)(lie)陣(zhen)對(dui)(dui)抗，直至(zhi)1916年日德蘭海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后，才(cai)宣告(gao)了這種(zhong)簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)列(lie)(lie)陣(zhen)對(dui)(dui)抗的(de)海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)樣(yang)式的(de)終結。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后，一些國(guo)家海(hai)(hai)軍(jun)繼續發(fa)展戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)和驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)。

20世紀20～30年代(dai)，英(ying)、美、日、法等國建成第一批航(hang)空母艦，編(bian)入水面艦艇部隊(dui)。

第二次世界大戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)期(qi)間，英、美、日等(deng)國(guo)(guo)海軍競相發(fa)展(zhan)航空母艦(jian)(jian)，并在(zai)海戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中廣泛使用，戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)攻防能力(li)逐漸喪失優勢(shi)，失去原有(you)主(zhu)力(li)艦(jian)(jian)地位，從1942年珊瑚海海戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)起，戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)被航空母艦(jian)(jian)取代(dai)。巡洋艦(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)等(deng)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)仍發(fa)揮(hui)重要(yao)作(zuo)用。由于反潛(qian)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、水(shui)雷戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)登陸作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)需要(yao)，反潛(qian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、掃(sao)布(bu)雷艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)和(he)兩棲作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)等(deng)在(zai)一些(xie)國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)中也(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)很(hen)快。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后，許多國(guo)(guo)家將戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)先后封存，不再新建(jian)。有(you)些(xie)國(guo)(guo)家對巡洋艦(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)也(ye)持慎重態(tai)度(du)，一度(du)很(hen)少建(jian)造(zao)。有(you)些(xie)國(guo)(guo)家不再專門建(jian)造(zao)布(bu)雷艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)，多數國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)反潛(qian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、掃(sao)布(bu)雷艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、登陸艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)等(deng)部隊(dui)(dui)都有(you)新的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。

50年代末，蘇聯(lian)海(hai)軍(jun)首先建立導(dao)彈(dan)快艇(ting)部隊。其(qi)后(hou)，許(xu)多(duo)國家(jia)海(hai)軍(jun)相繼組建導(dao)彈(dan)快艇(ting)部隊，與此同(tong)時水翼快艇(ting)、氣墊快艇(ting)、氣墊登(deng)陸(lu)艇(ting)等也陸(lu)續(xu)編入水面作戰艦(jian)艇(ting)部隊。勤務艦(jian)船(chuan)部隊艦(jian)船(chuan)的類型和數量(liang)也有(you)相應的發展。60～70年代，導(dao)彈(dan)艦(jian)艇(ting)在局部戰爭(zheng)中發揮了很大作用(yong)。70年代末，許(xu)多(duo)國家(jia)海(hai)軍(jun)的水面艦(jian)艇(ting)部隊逐步(bu)實現(xian)武(wu)器導(dao)彈(dan)化(hua)。

中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)自清朝同治年(nian)間（1862～1874）開始(shi)建(jian)(jian)立(li)近(jin)代(dai)海軍(jun)，至中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)國(guo)時(shi)期，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)主要由水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)組(zu)成(cheng)。1949年(nian)4月中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人(ren)民(min)解放軍(jun)組(zu)建(jian)(jian)海軍(jun)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)時(shi)，水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)是當(dang)時(shi)唯一的(de)海上兵力。同年(nian)11月，組(zu)建(jian)(jian)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。此后，又陸(lu)(lu)續組(zu)建(jian)(jian)了登(deng)陸(lu)(lu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、掃(sao)(sao)雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、魚雷(lei)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、獵潛(qian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。至1955年(nian)底，水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)種類逐步(bu)齊全，體制編制基本(ben)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)，武(wu)器(qi)技術裝備也有改善。隨(sui)著國(guo)家科學技術的(de)發(fa)展、工業水平的(de)提高和(he)經濟(ji)實力的(de)增強，20世紀(ji)60年(nian)代(dai)始(shi)，自行設計研(yan)制導彈艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、登(deng)陸(lu)(lu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)新型(xing)(xing)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)有了迅速發(fa)展。70年(nian)代(dai)起(qi)，組(zu)建(jian)(jian)一批導彈快艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和(he)導彈驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。80年(nian)代(dai)，重點發(fa)展護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)戰(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，掃(sao)(sao)雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、布雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、獵潛(qian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)戰(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)也有較大發(fa)展。綜合補給船(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)打撈救生(sheng)船(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)拖船(chuan)(chuan)、醫(yi)院船(chuan)(chuan)等(deng)大型(xing)(xing)勤務保障艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)陸(lu)(lu)續編配(pei)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。

2012年9月25日(ri)，“中(zhong)國(guo)人民解(jie)放(fang)軍遼寧(ning)艦(jian)”交付(fu)人民解(jie)放(fang)軍，成(cheng)(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)第一(yi)(yi)艘(sou)現代航空(kong)母艦(jian)。此(ci)后，各種(zhong)新型(xing)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)不斷(duan)列裝(zhuang)部隊(dui)，水面(mian)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)的(de)艦(jian)種(zhong)構成(cheng)(cheng)進一(yi)(yi)步完善，增(zeng)強了整體作(zuo)戰能(neng)力(li)，為執行遠洋任務提供了條件。隨著信息技(ji)術、隱身技(ji)術等高(gao)新技(ji)術的(de)發展，單艦(jian)作(zuo)戰探測區(qu)域和武器使用能(neng)力(li)得到極大擴充(chong)，水面(mian)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)的(de)體制編(bian)制進一(yi)(yi)步完善，更加強調采取合成(cheng)(cheng)戰斗群的(de)編(bian)組(zu)形式，有的(de)還(huan)將(jiang)與潛艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)等組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)相對(dui)固定的(de)特遣編(bian)隊(dui)，由臨時編(bian)組(zu)向(xiang)固定編(bian)組(zu)發展。

艦艇規模

種類編成

現(xian)代水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，各國(guo)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)種類、編制規模差異很大。有(you)(you)的國(guo)家(jia)海軍(jun)水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)擁有(you)(you)航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等大中型(xing)(xing)(xing)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)，總數達數百艘(sou)；有(you)(you)的國(guo)家(jia)海軍(jun)僅有(you)(you)幾艘(sou)小型(xing)(xing)(xing)巡邏(luo)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，按艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種區分為(wei)(wei)航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、布雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、掃(sao)雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、登陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、獵潛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)、導彈艇(ting)(ting)、魚雷艇(ting)(ting)等部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，主要遂行海上作戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)任務(wu)。勤(qin)務(wu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，包括(kuo)偵察船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、通(tong)信船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海道測量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)(yang)調查(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、防險救生船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、醫院船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、訓練艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、修理艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、補給艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、運輸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)及其他專用艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)、分隊(dui)(dui)，負責海上戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗保障(zhang)、技術保障(zhang)和后勤(qin)保障(zhang)等勤(qin)務(wu)。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)編制員額(e)一(yi)般是(shi)：大型(xing)(xing)(xing)航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)5000—6000人(ren)(ren)，小型(xing)(xing)(xing)航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)1000—1500人(ren)(ren)；戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)1500余人(ren)(ren)，巡洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)400—600人(ren)(ren)，重巡洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)超(chao)過(guo)1000人(ren)(ren)；驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)200—400人(ren)(ren)；護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)100—250人(ren)(ren)；小型(xing)(xing)(xing)巡邏(luo)艇(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)10—60人(ren)(ren)。水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)編組(zu)通(tong)常(chang)分為(wei)(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種編組(zu)和任務(wu)編組(zu)。

艦種編組

也(ye)稱行(xing)政(zheng)編(bian)組(zu)(zu)。是平時為(wei)便于對(dui)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)進(jin)行(xing)管理、訓練、補給和對(dui)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)進(jin)行(xing)維(wei)修而(er)采用的(de)編(bian)組(zu)(zu)形式，一般由(you)技術(shu)戰(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)性能相同或相近的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、分(fen)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)屬(shu)建制(zhi)單位。美國(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)(jun)在太平洋(yang)(yang)、大(da)西(xi)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)設有水面(mian)(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)司令部(bu)(bu)(bu)，統轄各水面(mian)(mian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。其艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)編(bian)組(zu)(zu)分(fen)為(wei)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，所轄兵力大(da)體固(gu)定。通常1個(ge)航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，由(you)1—2艘(sou)(sou)航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和其他作戰(zhan)(zhan)、補給艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)只(zhi)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；1個(ge)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)2—4艘(sou)(sou)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和2—4個(ge)驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)及數艘(sou)(sou)后勤船只(zhi)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)為(wei)基本(ben)戰(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)單位，由(you)4—6艘(sou)(sou)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。俄羅斯海(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)(jun)水面(mian)(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)分(fen)為(wei)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等。總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)分(fen)別隸屬(shu)于區艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、分(fen)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和海(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)(jun)基地(di)。通常1個(ge)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)3—6艘(sou)(sou)輕(qing)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；1個(ge)驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)2—3個(ge)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；1個(ge)驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)4艘(sou)(sou)驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)；1個(ge)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)2—3個(ge)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)；1個(ge)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)6—12艘(sou)(sou)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。印(yin)度(du)、巴基斯坦(tan)等國(guo)(guo)家海(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)(jun)水面(mian)(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)編(bian)組(zu)(zu)形式，多是在艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)下直轄艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等。

任務編組

也(ye)稱作(zuo)戰(zhan)編(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)。是遂行(xing)海(hai)(hai)上(shang)駐巡、作(zuo)戰(zhan)或(huo)其他任務(wu)時而(er)采取的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)形(xing)式。由不同艦(jian)(jian)種編(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)分(fen)別派出單(dan)艦(jian)(jian)或(huo)成建制(zhi)(zhi)派出若干艘(sou)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)編(bian)(bian)成混(hun)(hun)合(he)編(bian)(bian)隊(dui)，一般無常設領導指(zhi)揮機關和(he)固定編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)，任務(wu)結(jie)束，即行(xing)歸(gui)建。美國海(hai)(hai)軍水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)的(de)(de)任務(wu)編(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)區分(fen)為特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)大隊(dui)、特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)小(xiao)隊(dui)、特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)支隊(dui)。俄羅斯海(hai)(hai)軍水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)的(de)(de)任務(wu)編(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)，通常以航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母(mu)艦(jian)(jian)、導彈(dan)巡洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)或(huo)導彈(dan)驅逐艦(jian)(jian)為核心，并(bing)配有其他水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)為護衛(wei)兵力(li)組(zu)(zu)成。印度(du)海(hai)(hai)軍的(de)(de)任務(wu)編(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)為特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)、特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)大隊(dui)和(he)特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)小(xiao)隊(dui)，特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)艦(jian)(jian)隊(dui)轄航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母(mu)艦(jian)(jian)、海(hai)(hai)上(shang)火力(li)支援、海(hai)(hai)上(shang)攻(gong)擊和(he)掃雷等4個特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)大隊(dui)，每個大隊(dui)轄2個特(te)(te)混(hun)(hun)小(xiao)隊(dui)。

主要兵種

海軍(jun)中(zhong)在水(shui)面(mian)遂行作戰任務的(de)兵(bing)種，航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、布雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、掃雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、登(deng)陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、獵(lie)潛艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、導彈艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、魚雷艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)等(deng)戰斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊(dui)(dui)和勤務艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船部隊(dui)(dui)的(de)總(zong)(zong)稱。在有的(de)國(guo)家簡(jian)稱水(shui)面(mian)部隊(dui)(dui)。主要任務是攻(gong)擊敵(di)方海上兵(bing)力和岸(an)上目標(biao)，支(zhi)援(yuan)登(deng)陸和抗登(deng)陸作戰，保護(hu)或(huo)破壞海上交通線，進行海上封鎖(suo)和反封鎖(suo)作戰等(deng)。通常按總(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)、支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)、大隊(dui)(dui)、中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)序(xu)列編(bian)制，有的(de)以支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)為最小建制單(dan)位。一(yi)般由(you)(you)技術(shu)戰術(shu)性能相同的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)編(bian)成，也(ye)可(ke)由(you)(you)技術(shu)戰術(shu)性能不同的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)編(bian)成。