芒果视频下载

水(shui)面(mian)艦艇部(bu)(bu)隊是海軍(jun)(jun)中在水(shui)面(mian)遂行作戰(zhan)(zhan)任務的兵(bing)種。有的國家稱水(shui)面(mian)部(bu)(bu)隊或水(shui)面(mian)兵(bing)力(li)。包括水(shui)面(mian)戰(zhan)(zhan)斗艦艇部(bu)(bu)隊和勤務艦船(chuan)部(bu)(bu)隊。海軍(jun)(jun)的基本(ben)作戰(zhan)(zhan)兵(bing)力(li)。

主要任務

具有反(fan)艦、反(fan)潛、防空、水(shui)雷戰和(he)對岸(an)(an)攻擊等(deng)作(zuo)戰能力(li)，能單獨或(huo)在(zai)其(qi)他(ta)軍種、兵(bing)種部隊協(xie)同下，完成海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)戰役戰斗任務(wu)，有的還可以(yi)執行戰略性戰役任務(wu)。主要用(yong)于(yu)攻擊敵方(fang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)兵(bing)力(li)和(he)岸(an)(an)上(shang)目標，支援(yuan)登(deng)陸、抗登(deng)陸作(zuo)戰，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護或(huo)破(po)擊海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)交通(tong)線，進行海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)封(feng)鎖、反(fan)封(feng)鎖作(zuo)戰，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)運送作(zuo)戰兵(bing)力(li)與物資，參(can)加奪取制海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)權(quan)和(he)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)制空權(quan)的斗爭等(deng)。平時，除保(bao)(bao)(bao)衛(wei)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)疆外，還根據國(guo)家(jia)政治(zhi)、經(jing)濟(ji)和(he)外交政策(ce)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)衛(wei)大陸架、專屬(shu)經(jing)濟(ji)區(qu)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)衛(wei)和(he)參(can)加海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)科學試驗(yan)與調(diao)查作(zuo)業、開發海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)資源，維護國(guo)家(jia)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)權(quan)益。有的國(guo)家(jia)還將水(shui)面艦艇部隊派駐(zhu)他(ta)國(guo)基(ji)地或(huo)進入(ru)他(ta)國(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域游弋(yi)，炫耀武力(li)或(huo)進行軍事干涉。

編制種類

現代(dai)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，各國(guo)(guo)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類、編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)制規模差異很大(da)(da)。有(you)的(de)國(guo)(guo)家海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)擁有(you)航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母(mu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)大(da)(da)中(zhong)型艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)，總(zong)數達數百艘；有(you)的(de)國(guo)(guo)家海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)僅有(you)幾艘小型巡(xun)邏艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。戰(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，按(an)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區分，有(you)航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母(mu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、布雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、掃雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、登陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、獵(lie)潛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、導(dao)彈艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、魚雷(lei)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)等(deng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。勤務(wu)(wu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，主要有(you)偵察船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、通(tong)信船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)道測量(liang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)調查船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、防(fang)險救生船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、破(po)冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、醫院船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、訓練(lian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、修理艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、補給艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、運輸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)及其他(ta)專用艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng)。水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，通(tong)常(chang)分為(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)（行政編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)）、任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)（作戰(zhan)(zhan)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)）。艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，由戰(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)(shu)技術(shu)(shu)性(xing)能相同或相近的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)總(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、大(da)(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等(deng)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)制序列(lie)，實行統一領導(dao)和管理。任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，在遂行海(hai)上(shang)(shang)駐(zhu)巡(xun)、作戰(zhan)(zhan)或其他(ta)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)時，根據(ju)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)的(de)性(xing)質、參與艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類和數量(liang)等(deng)，從艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)抽調艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)或建制單(dan)(dan)位，參加海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)諸(zhu)兵(bing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)的(de)特混艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、分艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或其他(ta)形式的(de)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)；在一定條件下(xia)，也可單(dan)(dan)獨組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)諸(zhu)兵(bing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)合同作戰(zhan)(zhan)時，通(tong)常(chang)以水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)為(wei)基礎，設專門(men)指(zhi)揮艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（旗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)），或在某艘水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)上(shang)(shang)開設海(hai)上(shang)(shang)指(zhi)揮所。參與執(zhi)行某項(xiang)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)結(jie)束(shu)后歸建。美(mei)國(guo)(guo)海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)有(you)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)設有(you)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)司令部(bu)(bu)(bu)，統轄所屬(shu)水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。其艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，統一編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為(wei)各艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)；任(ren)(ren)務(wu)(wu)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)分為(wei)作戰(zhan)(zhan)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、特混大(da)(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、特混中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、特混分隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和特混小隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。

美國航空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)則屬(shu)于艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)航空(kong)兵部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)建制，根據任務需要，配屬(shu)作戰艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)。海軍(jun)水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種編(bian)組(zu)為(wei)總隊(dui)(dui)、支隊(dui)(dui)、大隊(dui)(dui)等；任務編(bian)組(zu)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)分別以(yi)航空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡(xun)洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)核心，并配有其他水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇為(wei)護衛兵力(li)組(zu)成編(bian)隊(dui)(dui)。日本海上自(zi)衛隊(dui)(dui)，以(yi)驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)為(wei)主(zhu)，編(bian)成護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)，隸屬(shu)聯合艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)，下轄護衛隊(dui)(dui)群和隊(dui)(dui)，作為(wei)其海上防衛的(de)主(zhu)力(li)。一些發展中(zhong)國家的(de)水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)編(bian)組(zu)形式，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)是在艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)下直轄艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種大隊(dui)(dui)或(huo)中(zhong)隊(dui)(dui)。

發展歷史

世界(jie)上自有海(hai)軍(jun)、艦(jian)(jian)(jian)隊以來，就(jiu)有水(shui)(shui)面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部隊。隨著海(hai)軍(jun)裝(zhuang)備(bei)的改進，海(hai)戰(zhan)規模的擴(kuo)展(zhan)和樣式的變化，水(shui)(shui)面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部隊加快了(le)發展(zhan)。

第(di)一次(ci)世界大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)前夕，英、法(fa)、俄、意(yi)、德(de)、奧等國的(de)海軍(jun)，就擁有戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)巡洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)(qu)逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)期間這些(xie)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)在海戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中起主導作用。海戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時，通常由單(dan)一艦(jian)(jian)(jian)種的(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)和驅(qu)(qu)逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)2～3個艦(jian)(jian)(jian)種組(zu)成編隊(dui)(dui)，成單(dan)縱隊(dui)(dui)或(huo)復(fu)列(lie)縱隊(dui)(dui)，進行列(lie)陣(zhen)對(dui)抗(kang)，直(zhi)至1916年日德(de)蘭海戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后(hou)，才宣(xuan)告了(le)這種簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)列(lie)陣(zhen)對(dui)抗(kang)的(de)海戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)樣式的(de)終結。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后(hou)，一些(xie)國家(jia)海軍(jun)繼續發展(zhan)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列(lie)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)和驅(qu)(qu)逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等水(shui)面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)。

20世紀20～30年代，英、美、日、法等(deng)國建成(cheng)第一批航空母艦，編入水面(mian)艦艇部隊(dui)。

第二次世界大戰(zhan)(zhan)期間(jian)，英(ying)、美、日等(deng)國(guo)海(hai)(hai)軍競相發展航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)，并在海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)中廣泛使用(yong)，戰(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)攻防能力逐(zhu)漸(jian)喪失優勢，失去(qu)原(yuan)有(you)主力艦(jian)(jian)(jian)地位，從(cong)1942年(nian)珊瑚海(hai)(hai)海(hai)(hai)戰(zhan)(zhan)起，戰(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)被航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)取代。巡(xun)洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊仍發揮(hui)重要作用(yong)。由于(yu)反潛(qian)戰(zhan)(zhan)、水雷(lei)戰(zhan)(zhan)和(he)登陸(lu)作戰(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)需要，反潛(qian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、掃(sao)布雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)和(he)兩棲(qi)作戰(zhan)(zhan)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)等(deng)在一(yi)些國(guo)家的(de)(de)水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部隊中也發展很快。戰(zhan)(zhan)后(hou)，許(xu)多國(guo)家將(jiang)戰(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)先后(hou)封存(cun)，不再(zai)新建。有(you)些國(guo)家對巡(xun)洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)發展也持慎重態(tai)度(du)，一(yi)度(du)很少建造。有(you)些國(guo)家不再(zai)專門(men)建造布雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)，多數(shu)國(guo)家的(de)(de)反潛(qian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、掃(sao)布雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、登陸(lu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)等(deng)部隊都(dou)有(you)新的(de)(de)發展。

50年代(dai)末，蘇聯海(hai)軍首先建(jian)立導彈(dan)快艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊。其后，許多國家海(hai)軍相繼組建(jian)導彈(dan)快艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊，與此(ci)同時水(shui)翼快艇(ting)(ting)、氣(qi)墊(dian)快艇(ting)(ting)、氣(qi)墊(dian)登陸(lu)艇(ting)(ting)等(deng)也陸(lu)續編入水(shui)面(mian)作(zuo)戰(zhan)艦艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊。勤務艦船(chuan)部(bu)隊艦船(chuan)的(de)類型和(he)數(shu)量也有相應的(de)發(fa)展。60～70年代(dai)，導彈(dan)艦艇(ting)(ting)在局(ju)部(bu)戰(zhan)爭中發(fa)揮了(le)很大作(zuo)用。70年代(dai)末，許多國家海(hai)軍的(de)水(shui)面(mian)艦艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊逐步實(shi)現武(wu)器導彈(dan)化。

中(zhong)國自(zi)(zi)清朝同治年(nian)(nian)(nian)間（1862～1874）開(kai)始建立(li)近代海(hai)(hai)軍(jun)，至中(zhong)華民(min)國時期，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)隊主要由水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊組成(cheng)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月中(zhong)國人民(min)解放軍(jun)組建海(hai)(hai)軍(jun)部(bu)隊時，水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊是(shi)當(dang)時唯一的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)上兵力。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月，組建護衛(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)大隊。此(ci)后，又陸續(xu)組建了登陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、掃雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、魚雷艇(ting)(ting)、獵潛(qian)(qian)艇(ting)(ting)、驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)部(bu)隊。至1955年(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊的(de)(de)(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)種(zhong)類逐(zhu)步齊全(quan)，體(ti)制編制基本成(cheng)型，武(wu)器(qi)技術裝備也(ye)有改善(shan)。隨著國家(jia)科學技術的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展、工業水平的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高和經濟實力的(de)(de)(de)增強，20世(shi)紀60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代始，自(zi)(zi)行設計研制導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈艇(ting)(ting)、驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、登陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)新型艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)，艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊有了迅(xun)速發(fa)(fa)展。70年(nian)(nian)(nian)代起(qi)，組建一批導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈快艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊和導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)隊。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代，重點發(fa)(fa)展護衛(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)戰斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊，掃雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、布雷艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、獵潛(qian)(qian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)戰斗艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊也(ye)有較大發(fa)(fa)展。綜合補(bu)給(gei)船(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋(yang)(yang)打撈救(jiu)生船(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋(yang)(yang)拖船(chuan)、醫院船(chuan)等(deng)大型勤務保障(zhang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)船(chuan)陸續(xu)編配(pei)部(bu)隊。

2012年9月25日，“中國人民(min)解放(fang)軍遼寧艦(jian)”交(jiao)付人民(min)解放(fang)軍，成為(wei)中國第一艘現(xian)代航空母(mu)艦(jian)。此后，各種(zhong)新(xin)型艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)不斷列裝(zhuang)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)艦(jian)種(zhong)構(gou)成進(jin)一步(bu)完善(shan)，增強(qiang)了整(zheng)體作戰(zhan)(zhan)能力(li)，為(wei)執(zhi)行遠(yuan)洋任(ren)務(wu)提供了條件。隨著信息技(ji)術、隱(yin)身技(ji)術等高新(xin)技(ji)術的(de)發展，單艦(jian)作戰(zhan)(zhan)探測區域和武(wu)器使用能力(li)得(de)到(dao)極(ji)大擴充，水(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)體制(zhi)編(bian)制(zhi)進(jin)一步(bu)完善(shan)，更加強(qiang)調采取合(he)成戰(zhan)(zhan)斗群的(de)編(bian)組形式，有的(de)還將(jiang)與潛艇(ting)(ting)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)等組成相對固定的(de)特遣編(bian)隊(dui)(dui)，由(you)臨時編(bian)組向固定編(bian)組發展。

艦艇規模

種類編成

現代水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊，各國艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)種(zhong)類、編制規模(mo)差異很(hen)大(da)。有(you)的(de)國家(jia)海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊擁有(you)航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等大(da)中型(xing)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)，總數達(da)數百艘；有(you)的(de)國家(jia)海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)僅有(you)幾艘小(xiao)型(xing)巡邏(luo)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊，按(an)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)區分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、布雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、掃雷(lei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、登陸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、獵潛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、導彈艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、魚雷(lei)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)等部(bu)(bu)隊，主要遂(sui)行海(hai)上(shang)(shang)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)任務。勤務艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船部(bu)(bu)隊，包括(kuo)偵察船、通信船、海(hai)道測量(liang)船、海(hai)洋調(diao)查船、拖(tuo)船、工程船、防險救生船、破冰船、醫院(yuan)船、訓(xun)練(lian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船、修理艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船、補(bu)給艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船、運輸艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船及其他專用艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)船等部(bu)(bu)隊、分隊，負責海(hai)上(shang)(shang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)保(bao)障、技(ji)術保(bao)障和后勤保(bao)障等勤務。戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)編制員額一般(ban)是：大(da)型(xing)航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5000—6000人(ren)(ren)，小(xiao)型(xing)航(hang)空(kong)(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1000—1500人(ren)(ren)；戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1500余(yu)人(ren)(ren)，巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)400—600人(ren)(ren)，重巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)超(chao)過1000人(ren)(ren)；驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)200—400人(ren)(ren)；護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)100—250人(ren)(ren)；小(xiao)型(xing)巡邏(luo)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10—60人(ren)(ren)。水面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊編組(zu)通常分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)編組(zu)和任務編組(zu)。

艦種編組

也稱行政編(bian)(bian)組。是(shi)平時為(wei)便(bian)于對艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)進(jin)行管理、訓練、補(bu)給(gei)和(he)對艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇進(jin)行維(wei)修而采用的(de)編(bian)(bian)組形(xing)式，一般由(you)技術戰(zhan)術性能相同或(huo)相近的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇編(bian)(bian)成，編(bian)(bian)成的(de)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、分(fen)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)屬建制單(dan)位。美國海(hai)軍在太平洋(yang)(yang)、大(da)西洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)設有(you)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)司(si)令部，統轄各(ge)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。其艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)編(bian)(bian)組分(fen)為(wei)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或(huo)中隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，所轄兵力大(da)體(ti)固定。通常1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)航(hang)空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，由(you)1—2艘(sou)(sou)(sou)航(hang)空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)其他作戰(zhan)、補(bu)給(gei)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)只編(bian)(bian)成；1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)2—4艘(sou)(sou)(sou)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)2—4個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)及數艘(sou)(sou)(sou)后勤(qin)船只編(bian)(bian)成；驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)為(wei)基本戰(zhan)術單(dan)位，由(you)4—6艘(sou)(sou)(sou)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇編(bian)(bian)成。俄羅斯海(hai)軍水(shui)(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)分(fen)為(wei)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和(he)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等。總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)分(fen)別隸屬于區(qu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)、分(fen)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)和(he)海(hai)軍基地。通常1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)3—6艘(sou)(sou)(sou)輕巡(xun)(xun)洋(yang)(yang)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)編(bian)(bian)成；1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)2—3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)(bian)成；1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)(bian)4艘(sou)(sou)(sou)驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)；1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)2—3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)(bian)成；1個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)編(bian)(bian)6—12艘(sou)(sou)(sou)護衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。印度、巴基斯坦等國家海(hai)軍水(shui)(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)編(bian)(bian)組形(xing)式，多是(shi)在艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)下直轄艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇中隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)或(huo)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)等。

任務編組

也(ye)稱(cheng)作(zuo)戰編(bian)組。是遂行海上駐巡、作(zuo)戰或(huo)其(qi)他任(ren)(ren)務(wu)時而(er)采取的編(bian)組形式。由不同艦(jian)(jian)(jian)種編(bian)組的艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)分(fen)別派(pai)出單(dan)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)成建(jian)制(zhi)派(pai)出若(ruo)干艘艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇編(bian)成混(hun)合編(bian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)，一般無常(chang)設領導指(zhi)揮機關和(he)固定編(bian)制(zhi)，任(ren)(ren)務(wu)結(jie)束，即行歸建(jian)。美國海軍水(shui)(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)的任(ren)(ren)務(wu)編(bian)組區分(fen)為特(te)混(hun)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)、特(te)混(hun)小(xiao)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)、特(te)混(hun)支隊(dui)(dui)(dui)。俄羅斯海軍水(shui)(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)的任(ren)(ren)務(wu)編(bian)組，通常(chang)以航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、導彈巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)導彈驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)為核心，并配(pei)有其(qi)他水(shui)(shui)面(mian)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇為護衛兵(bing)力(li)組成。印(yin)度(du)海軍的任(ren)(ren)務(wu)編(bian)組為特(te)混(hun)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)、特(te)混(hun)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)和(he)特(te)混(hun)小(xiao)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)，特(te)混(hun)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)轄航空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、海上火(huo)力(li)支援、海上攻擊和(he)掃雷(lei)等4個(ge)特(te)混(hun)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)，每個(ge)大隊(dui)(dui)(dui)轄2個(ge)特(te)混(hun)小(xiao)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)。

主要兵種

海(hai)軍中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)水面(mian)(mian)遂行(xing)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)任務的兵(bing)種，航空(kong)母艦(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)、巡(xun)洋艦(jian)(jian)、驅逐艦(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、布雷艦(jian)(jian)、掃雷艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、登陸(lu)艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、獵(lie)潛艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、導(dao)彈(dan)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、魚雷艇(ting)(ting)(ting)等(deng)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)和(he)(he)勤務艦(jian)(jian)船部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)的總稱。在(zai)有(you)的國家簡稱水面(mian)(mian)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)。主要任務是(shi)攻(gong)擊敵(di)方海(hai)上(shang)(shang)兵(bing)力和(he)(he)岸上(shang)(shang)目標，支援(yuan)登陸(lu)和(he)(he)抗登陸(lu)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，保護(hu)或(huo)破壞海(hai)上(shang)(shang)交通線(xian)，進行(xing)海(hai)上(shang)(shang)封(feng)鎖和(he)(he)反封(feng)鎖作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)等(deng)。通常(chang)按總隊(dui)、支隊(dui)、大隊(dui)、中(zhong)(zhong)隊(dui)的序列編(bian)制，有(you)的以(yi)支隊(dui)為最小(xiao)建制單位。一般由(you)技術(shu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)性(xing)能(neng)相同的艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)編(bian)成，也可由(you)技術(shu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)性(xing)能(neng)不同的艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)編(bian)成。