巨(ju)(ju)鹿(lu)串(chuan)枝紅(hong)(hong)杏(xing),原產于河北省巨(ju)(ju)鹿(lu)縣(xian),已有300多(duo)年的栽(zai)培歷史,因果實紅(hong)(hong)艷,密集成串(chuan),故取名為“串(chuan)枝紅(hong)(hong)杏(xing)”。巨(ju)(ju)鹿(lu)縣(xian)在2010年成功申(shen)請紅(hong)(hong)杏(xing)地理標志證明商標。巨(ju)(ju)鹿(lu)是“河北杏(xing)之(zhi)鄉”。串(chuan)枝紅(hong)(hong)杏(xing)種植面積(ji)8.1萬畝(mu),年產鮮杏(xing)8000萬公斤,是全國(guo)(guo)“杏(xing)良種示范推(tui)廣基地”、“國(guo)(guo)家級串(chuan)枝紅(hong)(hong)杏(xing)標準化示范區”。串(chuan)枝紅(hong)(hong)杏(xing)屬于鮮食和加(jia)工兼用型品種。
巨鹿串枝紅(hong)杏的產地(di)巨鹿縣,隸屬于(yu)河北省邢臺市(shi),位于(yu)邢臺市(shi)中部,北接隆堯縣、南宮(gong)市(shi),南瀕廣宗縣、平鄉(xiang)縣,西(xi)接任澤區,東臨清河縣。巨鹿是(shi)千年古郡,歷(li)史上著名的“巨鹿之戰”就發生在這(zhe)里。巨鹿縣土地(di)豐(feng)饒,水資源(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu),適(shi)宜農產品的種植(zhi)。巨鹿縣栽培(pei)串支紅(hong)杏已有300多年的歷(li)史,是(shi)遠近聞名的 “中國串枝紅(hong)杏之鄉(xiang)”、全國“杏良(liang)種示范(fan)推廣基(ji)地(di)”、“國家(jia)級串枝紅(hong)杏標準(zhun)化(hua)示范(fan)區”。
巨鹿(lu)串(chuan)枝紅杏的(de)果枝較短,果實成(cheng)串(chuan),栽種后三年(nian)掛果,六年(nian)進入盛(sheng)果期。最高株產可(ke)達400公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),平均(jun)顆果重52.5克。目(mu)前種植畫積259公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,其(qi)中有50公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃盛(sheng)果期,產量3000多噸。
串枝紅杏口感(gan)屬甜酸型,營養豐(feng)富,果(guo)(guo)實個大(da)(平均單果(guo)(guo)重52.5克),果(guo)(guo)肉細密、汁多、味美,酸甜適(shi)口。
地勢地貌
巨鹿縣地(di)處(chu)河北(bei)省南部太行山東麓,華北(bei)平(ping)原的(de)邊緣(yuan)。地(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦,海拔一般(ban)在65米。
氣候
巨鹿縣地(di)處中緯度歐亞大(da)陸(lu)東(dong)緣,屬于(yu)暖溫(wen)帶大(da)陸(lu)性(xing)季(ji)(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)候。太陽輻射的季(ji)(ji)(ji)節性(xing)變化顯著,地(di)面的高(gao)低氣(qi)壓活動(dong)頻繁,四(si)季(ji)(ji)(ji)分明(ming)(ming),寒暑懸殊(shu),雨量集中于(yu)夏(xia)(xia)秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節。干濕期明(ming)(ming)顯,夏(xia)(xia)冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)長,春(chun)秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)短(duan)。春(chun)季(ji)(ji)(ji)長約(yue)(yue)55天(tian)(tian)(tian),夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)(ji)(ji)長約(yue)(yue)105天(tian)(tian)(tian),秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)長約(yue)(yue)60天(tian)(tian)(tian),冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)長約(yue)(yue)145天(tian)(tian)(tian)。
春(chun)季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候相對干(gan)燥,降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)偏(pian)少,常有4、5偏(pian)北(bei)風或偏(pian)南風,4月份氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫回升快;夏季(ji)(ji),受(shou)(shou)海洋溫濕氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流影響,6、7、8三(san)個月降水(shui)(shui)占(zhan)全年降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)的63%-70%,天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)很潮(chao)(chao)濕;秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji),受(shou)(shou)蒙古高(gao)壓影響,晴朗少雨,溫度適中,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候宜人,相對潮(chao)(chao)濕,深秋(qiu)多東北(bei)風,有寒(han)潮(chao)(chao)天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)發生(sheng);冬季(ji)(ji),受(shou)(shou)西(xi)伯(bo)利亞冷高(gao)壓的影響,盛行西(xi)北(bei)風,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候寒(han)冷,天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)晴朗少云,降水(shui)(shui)相對較(jiao)少。
串(chuan)枝(zhi)紅(hong)杏口(kou)感屬(shu)甜酸(suan)型,營養豐富(fu)(fu),果(guo)(guo)(guo)實個大(平均單果(guo)(guo)(guo)重(zhong)52.5克(ke)),果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉細(xi)密、汁多、味美,酸(suan)甜適口(kou)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉含可溶性固形物16%,還(huan)原糖1.96%,可溶糖5.6%,可滴定酸(suan)1.65%,每100克(ke)果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉含VC7.46mg,還(huan)富(fu)(fu)含胡蘿卜素、VB1、VB2、VPP、鈣、磷(lin)等營養物質(zhi),尤其含有豐富(fu)(fu)的蛋白質(zhi)和抗癌物質(zhi)VB17。串(chuan)枝(zhi)紅(hong)杏能長途運輸,一(yi)般條(tiao)件下可儲(chu)藏(zang)10天以上。
經(jing)輕工(gong)部鑒定,其加工(gong)性能良好。果肉(rou)離核(he),金(jin)黃色(se),可(ke)加工(gong)制成(cheng)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)脯、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)醬、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)丹皮、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)汁、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)罐頭等各種食品。其杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)飽滿,杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)率高。杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)含脂(zhi)肪50-64%,杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)油(you)(you)質量好,為(wei)優質食用油(you)(you)和高級(ji)潤滑(hua)油(you)(you),還可(ke)加工(gong)成(cheng)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)霜、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)粉、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)茶、奶油(you)(you)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、五(wu)香杏(xing)(xing)(xing)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)等各種高級(ji)營養滋補品。