瑞麗江—大(da)盈(ying)江國家級風(feng)景(jing)(jing)名勝區(qu)位于云南省西部,與緬甸(dian)接壤。周(zhou)邊(bian)有騰(teng)沖(chong)熱海(hai)、保山博南古道(dao)以(yi)及緬甸(dian)北部的風(feng)景(jing)(jing)旅游資源(yuan),形成境內(nei)三個(ge)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)鼎足而(er)立(li)。
1994年(nian)瑞麗江—大(da)盈江被國務院公布(bu)為國家級風景(jing)(jing)(jing)名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)后(hou),由于(yu)(yu)德宏(hong)州旅(lv)游發展理念和相關配套(tao)制(zhi)度、措施尚不成熟(shu),致使風景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)規劃開發、資源(yuan)利用、保(bao)護形(xing)勢不容樂觀。2007年(nian)12月瑞麗江—大(da)盈江在國家級風景(jing)(jing)(jing)名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)綜合(he)整治中驗(yan)收不合(he)格被建設(she)(she)部黃牌警告,要求限期整改,全(quan)省(sheng)僅此一例(li)的(de)(de)現(xian)實讓德宏(hong)的(de)(de)旅(lv)游形(xing)象受損,基于(yu)(yu)這樣的(de)(de)事實,通過實地考(kao)察、問卷調查和訪談法(fa),對風景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)存在的(de)(de)轉讓景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)經(jing)營(ying)權(quan)、監管信(xin)息系(xi)統建設(she)(she)滯后(hou)、風景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)大(da)量修建水電站等(deng)問題進行了調查和分析,提出了加強(qiang)立法(fa)、完善(shan)規劃,科(ke)學開發、合(he)理保(bao)護,收回(hui)經(jing)營(ying)權(quan),加強(qiang)數字(zi)信(xin)息化監管系(xi)統建設(she)(she)及創建文明景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)等(deng)對策。
瑞(rui)麗江—大盈江國家級風景名勝區總體結構為(wei)“二線、三片區、一(yi)邊”。
“二線”即瑞(rui)麗(li)江、龍川江和大(da)盈江游(you)覽(lan)線。瑞(rui)麗(li)江,上游(you)稱(cheng)龍川江,發(fa)源于高黎(li)貢山西側的(de)(de)(de)騰沖縣境內,由瑞(rui)麗(li)流(liu)(liu)入緬(mian)甸,注(zhu)入伊洛瓦底(di)江,以(yi)交錯(cuo)變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)峽谷(gu)及平壩河流(liu)(liu)景觀(guan),田園(yuan)(yuan)牧(mu)歌式的(de)(de)(de)邊地風光(guang)為景觀(guan)特征。大(da)盈江游(you)覽(lan)線,以(yi)江岸迂回曲折,水流(liu)(liu)平緩的(de)(de)(de)壩區河流(liu)(liu)景觀(guan),南亞熱帶植物景觀(guan)與星落棋布的(de)(de)(de)傣家村寨構成一幅(fu)山水如(ru)畫的(de)(de)(de)田園(yuan)(yuan)風光(guang)。
“三片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)”即潞西(xi)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、瑞麗片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、盈(ying)江(jiang)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),潞西(xi)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)含芒市(shi)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)三仙(xian)洞景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。芒市(shi)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以水庫(ku)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、名勝古跡、歷(li)史建筑等人文景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)構(gou)成景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)色。三仙(xian)洞景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以巖溶景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、民(min)間傳(chuan)說(shuo)和(he)(he)(he)溫泉為(wei)(wei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)色。瑞麗片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),含畹町景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、瑞麗姐(jie)告(gao)(gao)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)南姑(gu)河(he)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。畹町景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以江(jiang)河(he)、瀑布、亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)帶雨(yu)林(lin)、邊境口岸城(cheng)市(shi)為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)特(te)色。瑞麗姐(jie)告(gao)(gao)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以榕(rong)樹群落、佛教建筑、歷(li)史文化古跡、邊境口岸城(cheng)市(shi)為(wei)(wei)主體構(gou)成。南姑(gu)河(he)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以文物古跡、鉻(ge)尖晶(jing)沙(sha)礦區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)河(he)流為(wei)(wei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)。盈(ying)江(jiang)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),含允(yun)燕景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、凱邦亞(ya)(ya)湖(hu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)銅壁(bi)關自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。允(yun)燕景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以盈(ying)江(jiang)允(yun)燕山公(gong)園及民(min)族文化風情為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)特(te)色。凱邦亞(ya)(ya)湖(hu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以多島嶼、多水灣的大型人工水庫(ku)和(he)(he)(he)植(zhi)物景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)構(gou)成。銅壁(bi)關自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以原始森(sen)林(lin)、熱(re)帶季雨(yu)林(lin)—桫欏林(lin)及珍稀動(dong)植(zhi)物景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)資源為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)特(te)色。
“一(yi)邊(bian)”即漫長的(de)邊(bian)境線(xian),國境線(xian)長503.8公里,與緬甸接(jie)壤的(de)邊(bian)境口岸城鎮,通道(dao)如瑞麗、畹町、弄島(dao)、拉(la)影、姐(jie)告等的(de)邊(bian)境貿易(yi)(yi)、寶(bao)玉石交易(yi)(yi),熱帶、亞熱帶風光、異國情調(diao)和南傳(chuan)上(shang)座部佛教文(wen)化為背景(jing)的(de)民俗風情,眾多的(de)口岸城鎮及(ji)通道(dao),為邊(bian)貿往來(lai)和出入境旅游創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)良好條件。