白巖(yan)(yan)山(shan)又稱白景(jing)巖(yan)(yan),位于福建省閩清縣境內。滿山(shan)的怪石(shi)(shi)奇(qi)巖(yan)(yan),千姿百(bai)態(tai),儀容(rong)萬端,構成了觀音巖(yan)(yan)、懸(xuan)魚洞(dong)、飛來(lai)橋(qiao)、一(yi)片瓦、龍頭巖(yan)(yan)、駱駝(tuo)峰、龍洞(dong)、石(shi)(shi)門、仙(xian)人跡、鳥石(shi)(shi)與玉女巖(yan)(yan)等上百(bai)個(ge)天(tian)然景(jing)點,無不(bu)惟(wei)(wei)妙(miao)惟(wei)(wei)肖、巧(qiao)奪天(tian)工,許多(duo)奇(qi)景(jing)還(huan)帶(dai)有神秘的故(gu)事。
白巖寺(si)坐(zuo)落于(yu)蓮花谷地復名(ming)蓮花寺(si)。坐(zuo)南(nan)朝(chao)北,占地400多平方米。相始建于(yu)唐代(dai),后數度(du)遭火焚,屢次(ci)重建,現存建筑為(wei)(wei)(wei)明清風(feng)格。該寺(si)背枕(zhen)玳瑁(mao)山,寺(si)前為(wei)(wei)(wei)門(men)(men)(men)埕(cheng)(cheng),埕(cheng)(cheng)下峭壁(bi)深谷,遠望(wang)似懸(xuan)于(yu)空(kong)中,十(shi)分險峻。進入(ru)山門(men)(men)(men),中為(wei)(wei)(wei)天井,左(zuo)右廂房,后為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)座。正殿(dian)(dian)左(zuo)后側為(wei)(wei)(wei)民國時期擴建的一幢四(si)面(mian)倒水(shui)的三(san)層樓房;寺(si)周圍以土(tu)石構(gou)成(cheng)圍合。正殿(dian)(dian)面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間,進深四(si)柱(zhu),穿斗式木(mu)構(gou)架,屋面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙坡頂。殿(dian)(dian)后部(bu)佛(fo)龕供奉(feng)釋迦牟尼等佛(fo)像(xiang)。寺(si)門(men)(men)(men)橫額(e)金字“白巖寺(si)”由鼓山涌泉寺(si)普(pu)雨法(fa)師所題。正殿(dian)(dian)大門(men)(men)(men)保留著清光緒(xu)年間的一副對聯(lian):“朝(chao)朝(chao)朝(chao)朝(chao)朝(chao)拜朝(chao)朝(chao)朝(chao)朝(chao)拜,齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)戒齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)戒。”
一(yi)家(jia)仙是一(yi)座古建(jian)筑(zhu)的俗名。相傳舊時閩(min)清有一(yi)三口之(zhi)家(jia)到白巖(yan)山靜坐修真成(cheng)仙,后(hou)人便在那里(li)建(jian)廟,曰(yue)“一(yi)家(jia)仙”。
它位于(yu)白巖寺北側鷲嶺崖,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)元代,后(hou)毀(hui)。現建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)為清光緒(xu)年間(jian)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)。鷲嶺崖兩石相(xiang)夾呈凹形山(shan)洞,名曰(yue)“巖碧(bi)洞”,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)依(yi)勢(shi)而建(jian)(jian)(jian),木(mu)石混構三層(ceng)疊檐。一層(ceng)三周以塊石疊砌(qi)呈U字形,內設佛龕和祈夢室,二層(ceng)為木(mu)構屋面,飛檐翹(qiao)角(jiao),順(shun)勢(shi)遞落,三層(ceng)向后(hou)縮(suo)作斜坡(po)屋面。整個(ge)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)與(yu)山(shan)石融為一體,遠遠望去,若隱(yin)若現。
古(gu)(gu)月祠坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)落在達摩崖(ya)下(xia)(xia),坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)南朝(chao)北,占地約300平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。崖(ya)前三周以青石(shi)(shi)圍(wei)砌(qi),殿后(hou)側則利(li)用巖體為(wei)墻,人工(gong)建筑與自然(ran)渾然(ran)一體。但早年殿宇損毀,今僅余(yu)石(shi)(shi)墻斷(duan)垣。在建筑遺址(zhi)內(nei),坐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)落著古(gu)(gu)月和(he)尚墓(mu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。墓(mu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)為(wei)石(shi)(shi)構,通高2.2米(mi),底徑1.3米(mi),六角須彌座之上內(nei)束作(zuo)六出方(fang)(fang)形,上層作(zuo)圓柱(zhu)狀。圓柱(zhu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身寰底刻飾浮(fu)雕仰蓮瓣,其(qi)下(xia)(xia)出沿(yan)內(nei)折;塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身以塊石(shi)(shi)錯縫疊砌(qi),塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂端用半(ban)圓形整石(shi)(shi)封蓋。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身正面鑲(xiang)嵌(qian)青石(shi)(shi)墓(mu)碑,上書(shu)“古(gu)(gu)月朗和(he)尚,暨開(kai)通傳者”等字。
圣(sheng)君殿(dian)(dian)坐(zuo)(zuo)落在白巖(yan)山(shan)著(zhu)名的駱(luo)駝峰下,殿(dian)(dian)內奉祀張、肖、章三圣(sheng)君。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)坐(zuo)(zuo)南朝北(bei),建(jian)(jian)于(yu)清乾(qian)隆(long)年間(1736-1795),1978年維修(xiu),占(zhan)地面積約(yue)180平方米(mi)。由山(shan)門、前(qian)廊、廂(xiang)廊、正殿(dian)(dian)構成(cheng)。殿(dian)(dian)四周以石(shi)磊砌(qi)。正殿(dian)(dian)面闊三間,進深二間,正廳作券頂門額(e),左右廂(xiang)廊各(ge)立方形(xing)花崗(gang)巖(yan)石(shi)柱(zhu),柱(zhu)上陰刻楷書對聯“龍洞神喚雨,童(tong)老佛現身”。這座建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)最為(wei)神奇(qi)的是(shi)(shi),無論是(shi)(shi)外墻還是(shi)(shi)屋面或是(shi)(shi)屋內梁(liang)枋均為(wei)花崗(gang)巖(yan)石(shi),石(shi)構制作采用粗細相(xiang)互(hu)結合,給(gei)人以簡約(yue)古樸凝重(zhong)的感覺,它是(shi)(shi)閩清迄今發(fa)現保存完(wan)整的石(shi)構建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。