樹冠:不正(zheng)之(zhi)倒卵(luan)形。
枝(zhi)干(gan):干(gan)深(shen)紫灰褐(he),有縱橫不規則(ze)駁紋,皮孔大,中密(mi);大、小(xiao)(xiao)枝(zhi)直上(shang)及斜(xie)出;小(xiao)(xiao)枝(zhi)暗黃綠,向陽面灑淡古(gu)銅暈(yun);無枝(zhi)刺,生(sheng)勢中等。
著花(hua)(hua)(hua)狀況:較(jiao)緊(jin)密(mi),1-2朵于(yu)長,中(zhong)枝花(hua)(hua)(hua)上,少數(shu)于(yu)束花(hua)(hua)(hua)枝及短花(hua)(hua)(hua)枝上,罕(han)3朵;
花期(qi):1983.3.18.開40%(南京)。
花徑:2.3-2.8cm。
花(hua)蕾:扁圓(yuan),頂平截,有(you)(you)或(huo)無中(zhong)孔,玫瑰粉紅;花(hua)態:淺碗(wan)型,瓣邊1-2處向內(nei)扣(kou)縮,層(ceng)層(ceng)緊疊,內(nei)有(you)(you)碎瓣婆娑(suo)飛舞,萼和瓣之間有(you)(you)較小(xiao)之瓣,向內(nei)層(ceng)漸(jian)趨變大,瓣端(duan)有(you)(you)焦(jiao)口;
花色:正面基部為極(ji)淺紫j(vp),其深暈為淡(dan)堇(jin)紫k(l):反面淡(dan)堇(jin)紫k(l),頂端焦斑為濃堇(jin)紫k(s);
花(hua)瓣:31.3(17-45),基部略皺(zhou)腫,頂端常(chang)凹陷(xian)、焦口,偶另有一雄蕊變瓣;
萼片(pian):5,另加0-4膜(mo)萼,有(you)時(shi)萼與瓣之(zhi)間(jian)有(you)小花瓣過渡,多平展至略反曲;
花梗:中長至短;
雄蕊:與瓣等長,貼(tie)瓣四射而略內扣;
雌蕊(rui):2-4,罕5,常略退化(hua);
花心:正常。
其他:只此一株;重瓣性(xing)強,色艷,濃香(xiang),優良品種。
名稱由來
“別角晚水”的(de)名字也(ye)大(da)有(you)(you)來歷,還和南(nan)京(jing)話(hua)有(you)(you)關系呢!從陳(chen)先(xian)生撰寫的(de)一份梅花(hua)山(shan)梅花(hua)調查記錄中可(ke)以看到(dao),最初“別角晚水”是(shi)叫做“蹩腳晚水”。“別角”,是(shi)因其開(kai)放(fang)時常(chang)有(you)(you)花(hua)瓣開(kai)的(de)不完全周正,花(hua)瓣邊緣(yuan)常(chang)有(you)(you)凹陷(xian),南(nan)京(jing)話(hua)稱之為“蹩腳”,后來陳(chen)先(xian)生覺(jue)得聽起來不雅,取其諧音為別角;“晚”是(shi)因為它屬(shu)于晚梅,在2月下旬或3月上旬才會綻放(fang);“水”因為它花(hua)色水紅(hong),碎瓣流動。
《南京梅花山詩詞選》序
天寶其(qi)華,必敷形(xing)于(yu)川麓;地(di)靈于(yu)斯,自(zi)彰顯(xian)其(qi)人文。故(gu)石城懷虎(hu)踞龍(long)蟠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勝,金(jin)陵膺十朝故(gu)都之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂。其(qi)地(di)處(chu)吳頭(tou)楚尾,牽揚子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)浩渺,攬(lan)鐘山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氤氳(yun);眺膏腴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畎畝,依幕府之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)榮(rong)欣。鐘靈毓(yu)秀(xiu),富甲(jia)江南,帝王所(suo)宅(zhai),紫蓋旌分。水月秦淮(huai),常聹風(feng)雅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)韻;往來俊彥,輩(bei)出棟梁(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣。吳都鸞鳳,曾舞三井之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)崗;晉時鶯燕,尚(shang)縈(ying)王謝(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門。
其城東(dong)有鐘阜橫亙(gen),蒼翠旖旎,靈谷幽愜,紫(zi)湖(hu)披光。森然松(song)柏,護(hu)山中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陵(ling)寢;婆娑瓊枝,播春色于四方。梅為南京(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市花,山為孫權之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)塋冢。云蒸觀梅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軒,千傾花海;霞蔚暗香之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閣,萬株梅鄉。一(yi)枝獨(du)俏,寓品格之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高雅;滿(man)園競秀,煥孝陵(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宮墻。每(mei)于臘(la)盡春回(hui),英郁連芳(fang),冰清玉潔,影渡寒(han)(han)塘。爭艷交輝,回(hui)江南之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)暖(nuan)意;敷榮擢秀,點(dian)壽(shou)陽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)妝。花前葉后,寄王(wang)冕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丹青(qing);冰肌鐵骨,贊放翁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詩(shi)行。五福初開,占百花之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)魁首;三弄彈罷,呵纖(xian)指于徵商(shang)。苦寒(han)(han)礪志,澹泊明心,餐(can)霞飲露,友雪侶(lv)霜。素顏苾茀,儼竊香之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)韓壽(shou);玉瓣彌脂,賽(sai)傅粉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)郎。別角(jiao)晚水(shui),恍江妃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)麗(li)姿;綠(lv)萼宮粉,適林逋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羅(luo)帳。沐(mu)月色而(er)搖(yao)曳,率群卉于眾香。綴(zhui)妍姝于紫(zi)金;兆世事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)禎祥。 [4]
夫(fu)縱情(qing)丘(qiu)壑,當(dang)吟誦(song)以抒(shu)懷(huai);串文集(ji)粹(cui),必煉琢(zhuo)而(er)成章。展箋濡毫,見摽梅之(zhi)有詠;凝神索句(ju),聞(wen)幽息于(yu)(yu)(yu)北窗。案(an)頭(tou)清供,以助才思,絳肥綠瘦,各(ge)述(shu)其彰。編貝貫珠,傳粲花之(zhi)妙(miao)(miao)筆(bi);玉(yu)牘(du)連篇(pian),勝蘭(lan)亭之(zhi)流觴。集(ji)詠梅之(zhi)鴻帙,韻同(tong)嚼蕊(rui);呈(cheng)當(dang)世(shi)之(zhi)佳作,氣若吞江。或(huo)艷(yan)麗而(er)綺靡(mi),長言婉囀;或(huo)冷(leng)峻而(er)寒冽,只(zhi)字(zi)鏗(keng)鏘(qiang)。江海(hai)多詩(shi)才,行文疊錦;藝苑有正氣,濁滌清揚。著于(yu)(yu)(yu)筆(bi)而(er)發于(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin),風(feng)宗(zong)李杜;行于(yu)(yu)(yu)文而(er)喻于(yu)(yu)(yu)意,辭振宋唐。分題命(ming)字(zi),好句(ju)流連,催(cui)詩(shi)擊(ji)鼓,慷慨(kai)激(ji)昂(ang)。嘗見布(bu)衣(yi)之(zhi)作,珠璣錯落;每現冠冕之(zhi)篇(pian),黼黻輝煌。爭席(xi)次于(yu)(yu)(yu)先賢,垂風(feng)范于(yu)(yu)(yu)后(hou)者。誦(song)新聲(sheng)以清越,乞妙(miao)(miao)句(ju)而(er)無雙。
余何能哉?承(cheng)邀若(ruo)驚,久(jiu)廢禿筆,愧(kui)無才情(qing)。慕清(qing)(qing)介(jie)之(zhi)逸態,喜孤(gu)傲而標名(ming)。減字偷聲,仰諸君之(zhi)翰藻(zao);裁云織錦,咀巨匠之(zhi)詩英。爰表微忱,空(kong)負射斗(dou)之(zhi)作;謹獻蕪(wu)辭,恐污芳躅之(zhi)清(qing)(qing)。恭撰數語,未敢言序。