芒果视频下载

基本介紹

（學(xue)名：Rhodeus lighti）為(wei)鯉科鳑鲏屬的(de)(de)魚類(lei)，是(shi)中國的(de)(de)特有物種(zhong)。分布于福(fu)建、廣(guang)東直(zhi)至黑(hei)龍江流域等。該物種(zhong)的(de)(de)模式產(chan)地在南(nan)京。

生長與分布

國內(nei)分布(bu)福建，廣東(dong)直至黑龍江流域

國外分布

形態及特征

基本特征

體扁薄(bo)而高(gao)，外(wai)形(xing)呈卵(luan)圓形(xing)。第(di)3眶下骨似倒置三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)，其(qi)(qi)最(zui)高(gao)處(chu)相當于(yu)眼內緣的(de)長度。口角(jiao)無須。側線不完(wan)全(quan)，側線鱗(lin)3—6枚。縱列鱗(lin)31—34枚。背鰭基(ji)底短于(yu)背鰭基(ji)部(bu)末端至尾鰭基(ji)部(bu)的(de)距離(li);胸鰭末端后(hou)伸(shen)不達腹鰭起(qi)點;臀鰭具(ju)(ju)8—11根(gen)分枝鰭條。體長60mm。棲息于(yu)水流(liu)緩慢、水草生(sheng)長茂(mao)盛的(de)水灣或(huo)池塘(tang)、溪流(liu)中。常群集，以(yi)水草、附著藻類、水生(sheng)昆蟲(chong)和(he)枝角(jiao)類為食。4—6月(yue)進行繁(fan)殖(zhi)，5月(yue)為產(chan)(chan)卵(luan)旺季(ji)。卵(luan)呈橢圓形(xing)。繁(fan)殖(zhi)期(qi)間雌魚(yu)具(ju)(ju)產(chan)(chan)卵(luan)管，將卵(luan)產(chan)(chan)于(yu)蚌類的(de)外(wai)套(tao)腔中;雄魚(yu)具(ju)(ju)鮮艷的(de)婚姻色彩，其(qi)(qi)吻部(bu)具(ju)(ju)珠星。廣布(bu)于(yu)除青(qing)藏高(gao)原外(wai)的(de)我國各地;國外(wai)見于(yu)朝鮮。

識別特征

標準長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)的(de)1.9—2.5倍(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)頭(tou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)4.0-4.5倍(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)4.0—7.0倍(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄高(gao)的(de)4.8—7.0倍(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)3.5—3.8倍(bei)。頭(tou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吻(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)3.0—3.5倍(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眼(yan)(yan)徑的(de)3.1—3.5倍(bei).為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眼(yan)(yan)間(jian)距(ju)的(de)2.2—2.7倍(bei)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)1.6-1.8倍(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄高(gao)的(de)1.0--1.1倍(bei)。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄高(gao)的(de)1.2—1.5倍(bei)。體(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)而(er)側(ce)扁，體(ti)(ti)(ti)稍(shao)肥厚，頭(tou)后(hou)背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隆(long)起(qi)(qi)，腹(fu)(fu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)較(jiao)(jiao)圓，身體(ti)(ti)(ti)外形(xing)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)卵(luan)圓形(xing)，與高(gao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)鳑(pang)鮍很相似。頭(tou)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)而(er)短，眼(yan)(yan)后(hou)頭(tou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)較(jiao)(jiao)吻(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，約為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吻(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)1.5-l.7倍(bei)。吻(wen)短而(er)尖。口端(duan)位(wei)。口角(jiao)無(wu)須。眼(yan)(yan)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，位(wei)于(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)側(ce)中線(xian)(xian)偏上(shang)方。眼(yan)(yan)徑與吻(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)相當。鼻(bi)孔位(wei)于(yu)(yu)眼(yan)(yan)前緣上(shang)方，離(li)眼(yan)(yan)前緣較(jiao)(jiao)近。鰓(sai)(sai)(sai)耙短小(xiao)，排列較(jiao)(jiao)密。下咽(yan)齒側(ce)扁。齒面(mian)具有(you)(you)明顯(xian)的(de)鋸紋(wen)，尖端(duan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鉤狀。背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外緣略(lve)向外凸(tu)起(qi)(qi)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)弧(hu)形(xing)，無(wu)硬刺(ci)，其起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)吻(wen)端(duan)較(jiao)(jiao)距(ju)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基最后(hou)一(yi)片(pian)(pian)鱗(lin)(lin)片(pian)(pian)稍(shao)遠(yuan)。胸鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)較(jiao)(jiao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，末端(duan)后(hou)伸(shen)接近腹(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。腹(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)前，后(hou)伸(shen)更接近臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胸鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)較(jiao)(jiao)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)遠(yuan)。臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)無(wu)硬刺(ci)，其起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)第三(san)根(gen)分(fen)枝鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)條(tiao)正下方。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)深叉形(xing)。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)且稍(shao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。肛門略(lve)靠近腹(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)腹(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)距(ju)離(li)較(jiao)(jiao)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)近。雌魚有(you)(you)產卵(luan)管。生(sheng)殖季節(jie)變長(chang)(chang)(chang)。鱗(lin)(lin)片(pian)(pian)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，腹(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基部(bu)(bu)(bu)具有(you)(you)腋鱗(lin)(lin)。側(ce)線(xian)(xian)不完全.僅(jin)在鰓(sai)(sai)(sai)孔上(shang)角(jiao)后(hou)方有(you)(you)3—6片(pian)(pian)。生(sheng)殖季節(jie)雄(xiong)魚吻(wen)端(duan)具有(you)(you)兩簇白色(se)珠(zhu)星，隆(long)起(qi)(qi)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)邊緣有(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)寬的(de)黑(hei)色(se)飾邊，在最末一(yi)個側(ce)線(xian)(xian)鱗(lin)(lin)處有(you)(you)一(yi)條(tiao)不十分(fen)明顯(xian)的(de)淡綠色(se)橫(heng)斑。生(sheng)活時體(ti)(ti)(ti)色(se)鮮艷，雄(xiong)魚體(ti)(ti)(ti)色(se)較(jiao)(jiao)艷麗，眼(yan)(yan)球上(shang)方為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桔(jie)紅色(se)。鰓(sai)(sai)(sai)孔上(shang)角(jiao)第一(yi)個側(ce)線(xian)(xian)鱗(lin)(lin)上(shang)有(you)(you)一(yi)個藍黑(hei)色(se)大(da)斑點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄中部(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)一(yi)條(tiao)黑(hei)色(se)縱紋(wen)，向前延伸(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)正下方，或(huo)超(chao)過(guo)背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和腹(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)均呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)淺黃色(se)。幼體(ti)(ti)(ti)和雌魚的(de)背(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前部(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)一(yi)個灰黑(hei)色(se)大(da)斑點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，雄(xiong)魚不明顯(xian)。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)下葉之(zhi)間(jian)還有(you)(you)一(yi)條(tiao)桔(jie)紅色(se)的(de)縱條(tiao)紋(wen)。彩石鳑(pang)鮍是一(yi)種小(xiao)型魚類，經濟價(jia)值(zhi)低。生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)緩慢，第一(yi)年(nian)稍(shao)快。常棲息(xi)于(yu)(yu)水(shui)流較(jiao)(jiao)緩的(de)溪河、水(shui)溝、池塘或(huo)稻田等(deng)水(shui)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中，喜集(ji)群。其食物(wu)(wu)主要是水(shui)生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)碎屑、藻類、周叢生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)和水(shui)蚤等(deng)。第一(yi)次性成熟為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1齡，生(sheng)殖季節(jie)在4-6月，懷卵(luan)量小(xiao)，一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)300--500粒。產卵(luan)于(yu)(yu)瓣鰓(sai)(sai)(sai)類的(de)鰓(sai)(sai)(sai)水(shui)管中。