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形態及特征

多(duo)年生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)本；鱗(lin)莖(jing)深埋土中(zhong)(zhong)，外有(you)鱗(lin)莖(jing)皮，通常(chang)由(you)2(-3)枚白粉(fen)質鱗(lin)片(pian)(pian)(pian)組成（鱗(lin)片(pian)(pian)(pian)內生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)2-3對小鱗(lin)片(pian)(pian)(pian)），較(jiao)少(shao)由(you)多(duo)枚鱗(lin)片(pian)(pian)(pian)及周圍(wei)許多(duo)米粒狀(zhuang)小鱗(lin)片(pian)(pian)(pian)組成，前者鱗(lin)莖(jing)近卵形或(huo)(huo)球形，后(hou)者常(chang)多(duo)少(shao)呈蓮座狀(zhuang)。莖(jing)直(zhi)立，不分(fen)枝，一(yi)部分(fen)位于地下。基生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)有(you)長(chang)柄；莖(jing)生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)對生(sheng)(sheng)、輪生(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)(huo)散生(sheng)(sheng)，先端(duan)卷曲或(huo)(huo)不卷曲，基部半抱(bao)莖(jing)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)較(jiao)大或(huo)(huo)略小，通常(chang)鐘形，俯(fu)垂(chui)（但(dan)在受精后(hou)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)梗(geng)逐漸向(xiang)上，在果期(qi)直(zhi)立），輻射對稱，少(shao)有(you)稍(shao)兩側對稱，單朵(duo)頂(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)(huo)多(duo)朵(duo)排成總狀(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)序或(huo)(huo)傘形花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)序，具葉(xie)狀(zhuang)苞片(pian)(pian)(pian)；花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)被片(pian)(pian)(pian)矩(ju)圓形、近匙(chi)形至近狹卵形，常(chang)靠合，內面近基部有(you)一(yi)凹陷的(de)蜜腺窩；雄蕊6枚，花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)藥(yao)近基著(zhu)或(huo)(huo)背(bei)著(zhu)，2室，內向(xiang)開裂(lie)；花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)柱3裂(lie)或(huo)(huo)近不裂(lie)；柱頭伸出于雄蕊之(zhi)外；子房3室，每室有(you)2縱列胚珠，中(zhong)(zhong)軸胎座。蒴果具6棱(leng)，棱(leng)上常(chang)有(you)翅(chi)，室背(bei)開裂(lie)。種子多(duo)數，扁(bian)平(ping)，邊(bian)緣有(you)狹翅(chi)。

價值及其他

波斯貝母是屬于歐洲(zhou)常(chang)見(jian)園藝種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)當中(zhong)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名為“阿德(de)亞曼”（Adiyaman）的(de)(de)貝母品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)比其他(ta)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具有更高的(de)(de)植(zhi)株和更多的(de)(de)花穗，此品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已經(jing)獲得了(le)英國皇家園藝學會花園優異(yi)獎。