云(yun)浮蟠龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)風景(jing)名勝區位(wei)于廣東省云(yun)浮市區北部的獅子山中(zhong),是一(yi)個經(jing)歷了(le)1.7億多年逐漸(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)的次生溶洞(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)分(fen)3層(ceng),上為(wei)天堂通天洞(dong)(dong),下為(wei)龍(long)泉地下河(he),中(zhong)為(wei)九(jiu)龍(long)長(chang)廊。蟠龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)屬喀斯特溶洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)內石花高懸,鐘(zhong)乳(ru)低垂(chui),石筍石柱如林,石幔、石帳、石盾、石堤應有盡有,奇景(jing)疊出(chu),洞(dong)(dong)體迂回曲折,形(xing)若蛟(jiao)龍(long),故得(de)名"蟠龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)"。
蟠(pan)龍(long)洞(dong)屬喀斯(si)特溶巖,經歷億萬年漫長歲月逐漸(jian)形成。洞(dong)內游程528米,分(fen)三層,上(shang)層天(tian)堂(tang)通(tong)天(tian)洞(dong),下(xia)層龍(long)泉地下(xia)河,中(zhong)層九龍(long)長廊,層層相連,曲折迷(mi)人(ren)(ren)。洞(dong)內鐘乳千姿百(bai)態,石筍石柱如(ru)林。處(chu)處(chu)有景,景景皆奇。類(lei)人(ren)(ren)似物有“神龜朝(chao)圣”、“龍(long)母浴池”“天(tian)書神筆”、“玉壁(bi)雄關”等58景,真是(shi)惟妙惟肖,栩栩如(ru)生,引人(ren)(ren)入勝。而(er)最為奇特的(de)是(shi)洞(dong)內巖壁(bi)上(shang)長出的(de)簇簇石花,石花晶瑩潔白,剔(ti)透玲瓏,如(ru)銀星閃爍熠熠生輝。
蟠龍(long)洞位于(yu)云浮市區(qu)城北的(de)(de)獅(shi)子(zi)山中(zhong),因其洞體迂迥曲(qu)折,故得(de)名(ming)。1993年(nian)5月,廣(guang)東省(sheng)人民政(zheng)府以[1993]66號(hao)文,正式批準(zhun)蟠龍(long)洞為(wei)省(sheng)級風(feng)景(jing)名(ming)勝區(qu)。蟠龍(long)洞自1985年(nian)對游人開放以來(lai),已(yi)接待數百萬游客(ke)。特別(bie)近年(nian)來(lai),市政(zheng)府加(jia)大了對景(jing)區(qu)建(jian)設的(de)(de)投入,于(yu)蟠龍(long)洞旁(pang)興建(jian)蟠龍(long)天湖(hu),一個集觀賞、食住、游樂、購物于(yu)一體的(de)(de)旅游景(jing)區(qu)已(yi)初具(ju)規模,來(lai)自各地的(de)(de)游客(ke)更是絡(luo)繹不絕(jue)。
蟠龍(long)洞(dong)旅游風景區和龍(long)山溫(wen)泉旅游度假區與(yu)羅(luo)定聚龍(long)洞(dong)、龍(long)龕巖,肇慶星湖、德慶龍(long)母(mu)廟連成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)“龍(long)之旅”,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為聞名海內外(wai)的(de)(de)旅游熱線(xian)(xian)。經研究(jiu)初步認為花(hua)卉(hui)狀(zhuang)組合(he)構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),在特定的(de)(de)物化條件下形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de),開始形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時間約為35萬年前(qian),至今仍在緩(huan)慢生(sheng)(sheng)長,見氣成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石,變幻無窮,生(sheng)(sheng)長不為重力所(suo)約。“玉(yu)羅(luo)傘帳(zhang)”,又是(shi)蟠龍(long)洞(dong)內另一(yi)個(ge)世界級洞(dong)穴奇(qi)觀。其狀(zhuang)如宮廷豪華傘帳(zhang),白里透黃,石褶線(xian)(xian)條美輪美奐,純(chun)屬自然形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),其成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)因(yin)至今仍是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)謎,具有很高的(de)(de)科(ke)研考古(gu)和科(ke)普(pu)價(jia)值。
蟠龍(long)(long)洞地(di)下(xia)河間(jian)歇性涌泉(quan)。蟠龍(long)(long)洞中的(de)落水(shui)(shui)洞直落21米深處,是龍(long)(long)泉(quan)地(di)下(xia)河,在景點“群龍(long)(long)布(bu)陣”處可螺旋而下(xia),曲伸如龍(long)(long),一年四季(ji),龍(long)(long)泉(quan)滴水(shui)(shui)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan),泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)甘冽(lie)。其下(xia)的(de)地(di)下(xia)河,長560米,河寬8~10米,高10~30米不(bu)(bu)等,它是一間(jian)歇泉(quan)供給河水(shui)(shui),來水(shui)(shui)時,水(shui)(shui)浪滾翻(fan),哇哇作(zuo)響,沖(chong)刷河灘,過一會(hui)又靜靜回流石洞。
蟠龍洞(dong)的(de)(de)特殊景觀有(you)三外:其(qi)(qi)一(yi)是世界三大石(shi)(shi)(shi)花洞(dong)之(zhi)一(yi)。洞(dong)內石(shi)(shi)(shi)花剔(ti)透玲瓏,晶瑩(ying)如玉,它附(fu)著于巖壁之(zhi)上,不按重力方向(xiang)(xiang)生長(chang),而向(xiang)(xiang)四面節節開花,見氣成石(shi)(shi)(shi),繼續(xu)生長(chang),變幻無(wu)窮。其(qi)(qi)二是我(wo)國南方典型的(de)(de)大熊貓--劍齒(chi)象動物群"古動物化石(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)",最為珍貴的(de)(de)是"智人(ren)"古人(ren)類化石(shi)(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)三是蟠龍洞(dong)尚(shang)未開發的(de)(de)龍泉地下(xia)河,河中有(you)泉眼(yan),每隔十分鐘左右,泉眼(yan)波浪翻滾,似海潮洶涌,沖刷(shua)河岸,隨后又似退潮,靜靜地回流石(shi)(shi)(shi)洞(dong),經專家確認(ren)為地下(xia)間歇泉,是一(yi)罕見洞(dong)府奇觀。
洞(dong)長千(qian)米(mi),深暗幽邃。里面有高達30米(mi)的(de)螺頂(ding),有深不見(jian)底的(de)石(shi)罅,寬闊(kuo)空曠(kuang)處(chu)(chu)都(dou)能容(rong)千(qian)人(ren),窄處(chu)(chu)不能2人(ren)并行(xing)。在洞(dong)內跺腳砸壁會發出(chu)“嗡(weng)嗡(weng)”回(hui)音(yin),給(gei)人(ren)一種神秘莫測(ce)的(de)感覺。洞(dong)口(kou)朝南,為券拱門,門上坎刻“龍洞(dong)熏風”四個篆字,為康熙14年5月立。洞(dong)內10米(mi)處(chu)(chu),有一供臺(tai),臺(tai)上神像已廢(fei),只剩臺(tai)下(xia)殘存的(de)幾尊羅(luo)漢石(shi)像身軀。向洞(dong)內行(xing)至30米(mi)處(chu)(chu),開(kai)始向右(you)下(xia)方拐彎(wan),回(hui)頭(tou)外望,只見(jian)洞(dong)口(kou)猶如(ru)月牙出(chu)山(shan),人(ren)稱“回(hui)首望月”。
繼續(xu)前(qian)行,步步廳景。鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)“火燒葡萄(tao)架”含珠(zhu)點翠(cui);石(shi)(shi)(shi)壁(bi)上被浸(jin)蝕成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)“仙(xian)人(ren)炕”形體(ti)逼真;巨(ju)石(shi)(shi)(shi)橫貫的(de)(de)“仙(xian)人(ren)橋”奇(qi)特驚險,世(shi)間罕見。再向(xiang)里(li)(li)進(jin),八戒可見鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)“江豬探(tan)海”、“水(shui)簾瀑布”、以(yi)及(ji)多年沖刷而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)“姜池(chi)(chi)”、“藕池(chi)(chi)”,池(chi)(chi)內形似鮮(xian)姜的(de)(de)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)霞似錦。“蓮(lian)藕”如(ru)雪似玉(yu)(yu)。“玉(yu)(yu)龍(long)騰空”尤惹人(ren)注目:在高達20米(mi)的(de)(de)洞(dong)壁(bi)上,有一(yi)塊鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi),宛(wan)若玉(yu)(yu)龍(long),通體(ti)覆(fu)蓋(gai)著銀(yin)光閃爍的(de)(de)“龍(long)鱗”,妙(miao)不(bu)可言;龍(long)頭垂下,嘴(zui)里(li)(li)噴球吐玉(yu)(yu)人(ren),人(ren)稱“龍(long)滴水(shui)”,滴在下面“蓮(lian)花盆”里(li)(li),四時不(bu)涸(he)。“鷂(yao)子翻身”是(shi)洞(dong)內向(xiang)下延伸的(de)(de)地(di)方,此處游(you)人(ren)不(bu)能正面行進(jin),必(bi)須翻過身子,雙(shuang)手攀石(shi)(shi)(shi)倒行;路旁有深(shen)不(bu)見底的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)罅(xia)。走過險境(jing),是(shi)一(yi)段空闊平坦的(de)(de)地(di)帶,這(zhe)兒路面干燥,清風習(xi)習(xi)。再向(xiang)里(li)(li)前(qian)進(jin),便是(shi)“倒爬四十步”,雖(sui)然路程(cheng)難(nan)走,卻另有一(yi)番意境(jing)。再向(xiang)前(qian)行200米(mi),有巨(ju)石(shi)(shi)(shi)擋堵,不(bu)能前(qian)往(wang)。洞(dong)口外200米(mi)處為(wei)金代佛隱寺遺址,存戲臺(tai)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)碑1通、古柏1株(zhu)。漫(man)山蒼松翠(cui)柏,郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥(cong)蔥(cong);山下溝壑幽深(shen),樹林茂密。
盤龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)于1983年11月(yue)發(fa)現,1984年開(kai)發(fa),1985年正式開(kai)放。游覽洞(dong)分兩層,上層洞(dong)為“天堂”通天洞(dong),下(xia)層為寶(bao)石(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞(dong)室。洞(dong)內景(jing)點主(zhu)要有“雞鳴破法”、“龍(long)(long)(long)珠鎮洞(dong)”、“海獅卷(juan)簾”、“石(shi)(shi)羊拜客”、“龍(long)(long)(long)床寶(bao)鏡(jing)”、“龍(long)(long)(long)宮奇寶(bao)”、“龍(long)(long)(long)母玉(yu)(yu)池”、“仙桃盛會”、“青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)翻(fan)浪”、“魚(yu)躍龍(long)(long)(long)門”、“金龍(long)(long)(long)入帳”、“斑石(shi)(shi)凌空”、“雙龍(long)(long)(long)出海”、“海獅護帳”、“龍(long)(long)(long)母回歸(gui)”等57景(jing),各景(jing)奇麗無比,景(jing)隨步移,路隨景(jing)轉,非(fei)常緊湊,顯得突(tu)出,無怪有“神州奇葩”之稱。從洞(dong)穴(xue)沉積(ji)物看,形態(tai)的(de)品種名稱齊全,如“天書神筆”的(de)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)、“神龜朝圣(sheng)”的(de)石(shi)(shi)筍、“玉(yu)(yu)柱(zhu)擎空”的(de)石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)、“玉(yu)(yu)壁雄關”的(de)邊石(shi)(shi)壩、“金龍(long)(long)(long)入帳”的(de)石(shi)(shi)瀑布、“龍(long)(long)(long)母玉(yu)(yu)池”的(de)石(shi)(shi)蓮盤、“仙山瓊(qiong)閣”的(de)狗(gou)牙石(shi)(shi)(水(shui)盆晶簇(cu))、“雨箭風刀(dao)”的(de)石(shi)(shi)旗、“海獅護帳”的(de)石(shi)(shi)盾(dun)與石(shi)(shi)幔以及“巨(ju)龍(long)(long)(long)迎賓”的(de)凝結水(shui)再溶蝕鐘乳石(shi)(shi)等,無一(yi)不奇,無一(yi)不怪。
寶石花
蟠(pan)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)最為奇特的(de)是(shi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)巖壁(bi)上(shang)(shang)長(chang)出(chu)的(de)簇簇“寶石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)”,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)晶(jing)瑩(ying)潔(jie)白,剔透玲瓏,形(xing)(xing)態萬千,如銀(yin)星閃爍,熠熠生輝。在國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)均比較罕見,全世界(jie)僅美國(guo)、土耳(er)其(qi)和中國(guo)有,除河南(nan)省(sheng)鞏縣(xian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)等極(ji)少(shao)數洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)有此種類型(xing)沉積外(wai),很(hen)少(shao)見到(dao)這(zhe)種雪白晶(jing)瑩(ying),似球(qiu)非球(qiu),似針非針的(de)形(xing)(xing)態和色澤(ze)的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua),因(yin)此很(hen)受游人稱道(dao),其(qi)形(xing)(xing)態之(zhi)完(wan)美,色澤(ze)之(zhi)純白,堪稱世界(jie)等級,被譽(yu)為“世界(jie)十大洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)奇景(jing)”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。蟠(pan)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)也因(yin)此在1987年的(de)《國(guo)際洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)年會》上(shang)(shang)被世界(jie)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)協會譽(yu)為“世界(jie)三(san)大石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。經專家研究初步(bu)認為石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)由(you)三(san)種化學沉積形(xing)(xing)態的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉狀組合體構成(cheng),即由(you)方解石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(核心)、文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝(zhi)和方解石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質與文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質的(de)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)曲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。最典型(xing)的(de)組合結構是(shi),以鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為干(gan),石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝(zhi)為枝(zhi)、為花(hua)(hua)(hua),卷(juan)(juan)(juan)曲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為節(jie)、皮、蕾。因(yin)此它(ta)們的(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)要有三(san)個階段(duan):第一(yi)(yi)階段(duan)是(shi)滴水(shui)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);第二階段(duan),在封閉的(de)環境(jing)下,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)沒(mei)有空氣(qi)的(de)流動,處于(yu)(yu)十分(fen)寧靜、氣(qi)溫恒定且(qie)略高(gao)時,由(you)微壓的(de)水(shui)緩慢滲出(chu),結晶(jing)沉淀生出(chu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝(zhi);第三(san)階段(duan),由(you)毛細水(shui)或由(you)于(yu)(yu)氣(qi)溶膠(jiao)作用(yong)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)曲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。至今仍在緩慢生長(chang),附(fu)著于(yu)(yu)巖壁(bi)之(zhi)上(shang)(shang),見氣(qi)成(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),變幻無窮,生長(chang)不(bu)為重力(li)所約,不(bu)按重力(li)方向生長(chang),而向四周節(jie)節(jie)開花(hua)(hua)(hua),就象我們的(de)頭發一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)不(bu)斷自根部向外(wai)推出(chu)生長(chang)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang),因(yin)而也稱“永(yong)不(bu)凋謝的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)”。
玉羅傘帳
玉(yu)羅(luo)傘帳是蟠龍洞(dong)(dong)內另一個世界級洞(dong)(dong)穴(xue)奇觀。它(ta)的(de)(de)外形(xing)酷似人們(men)平時所(suo)見的(de)(de)羅(luo)傘蚊帳,形(xing)態(tai)之優美,在(zai)世上是極其罕(han)見的(de)(de)。它(ta)由兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分組成,頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)盾(dun)形(xing)板(ban)面(mian)叫(jiao)石(shi)盾(dun)(也叫(jiao)調色(se)板(ban)),從盾(dun)頂(ding)墜下來的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分叫(jiao)盾(dun)墜,屬(shu)于石(shi)幕式的(de)(de)石(shi)幔。這兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分結合起來,便是一頂(ding)神(shen)似玉(yu)石(shi)的(de)(de)華麗宮廷(ting)蚊帳,故被稱為(wei)“玉(yu)羅(luo)傘帳”。玉(yu)羅(luo)傘帳的(de)(de)前后(hou)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分顏色(se)有(you)明顯的(de)(de)差(cha)異,后(hou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分色(se)澤較(jiao)暗,生(sheng)長(chang)較(jiao)早(zao),據測已有(you)24200年了,前半部(bu)(bu)(bu)潔白(bai)如玉(yu),生(sheng)長(chang)較(jiao)晚,估計生(sheng)成年代在(zai)數千(qian)年之內。
蟠龍(long)洞(dong)美食特(te)色:新興(xing)裹蒸(zheng)粽、天堂狗肉(rou)、勒竹田螺、炒田螺、連(lian)灘釀豆腐(fu)小吃:南(nan)乳(ru)花生、郁南(nan)蜜棗、郁南(nan)寶珠(zhu)龐寨(zhai)荔(li)枝、新興(xing)香荔(li)、新興(xing)涼果。