云浮(fu)蟠龍洞(dong)(dong)風(feng)景(jing)名勝區位于廣(guang)東省(sheng)云浮(fu)市區北部的獅子山中,是一個經歷了1.7億多年逐(zhu)漸形成(cheng)的次生(sheng)溶洞(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)分3層,上為(wei)天堂通(tong)天洞(dong)(dong),下為(wei)龍泉(quan)地下河,中為(wei)九龍長廊。蟠龍洞(dong)(dong)屬喀斯特溶洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)內石(shi)(shi)(shi)花高懸,鐘乳(ru)低垂,石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱如林,石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔、石(shi)(shi)(shi)帳、石(shi)(shi)(shi)盾(dun)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)堤應有(you)盡有(you),奇(qi)景(jing)疊出,洞(dong)(dong)體迂回(hui)曲(qu)折,形若(ruo)蛟龍,故得名"蟠龍洞(dong)(dong)"。
蟠龍(long)洞屬喀斯特溶巖,經歷億萬年漫長(chang)歲月逐漸形成(cheng)。洞內游(you)程528米,分三層(ceng)(ceng),上層(ceng)(ceng)天(tian)堂通天(tian)洞,下層(ceng)(ceng)龍(long)泉地(di)下河,中層(ceng)(ceng)九龍(long)長(chang)廊,層(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)相(xiang)連,曲折迷人(ren)。洞內鐘乳千姿百態,石(shi)筍石(shi)柱如(ru)林(lin)。處處有景,景景皆奇(qi)。類人(ren)似物有“神龜朝圣”、“龍(long)母浴池”“天(tian)書神筆”、“玉壁雄(xiong)關”等(deng)58景,真是惟妙(miao)惟肖,栩(xu)(xu)栩(xu)(xu)如(ru)生,引人(ren)入勝。而(er)最為奇(qi)特的(de)是洞內巖壁上長(chang)出的(de)簇簇石(shi)花(hua),石(shi)花(hua)晶瑩潔白,剔透玲瓏,如(ru)銀(yin)星閃(shan)爍熠熠生輝。
蟠(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞位(wei)于(yu)云浮(fu)市區(qu)(qu)城北的獅子山中,因(yin)其洞體迂迥曲折,故得(de)名。1993年(nian)5月,廣東省人民政(zheng)府(fu)以[1993]66號文,正式批準(zhun)蟠(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞為省級風景(jing)名勝區(qu)(qu)。蟠(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞自1985年(nian)對游(you)人開(kai)放以來,已接待(dai)數百萬游(you)客。特別近年(nian)來,市政(zheng)府(fu)加大了對景(jing)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)設的投(tou)入,于(yu)蟠(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞旁興建(jian)蟠(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)天湖,一(yi)個(ge)集觀賞(shang)、食住、游(you)樂(le)、購物(wu)于(yu)一(yi)體的旅游(you)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)已初(chu)具規模,來自各地的游(you)客更(geng)是絡(luo)繹不絕。
蟠龍(long)洞旅(lv)游風景區和龍(long)山(shan)溫泉(quan)旅(lv)游度(du)假區與羅定聚龍(long)洞、龍(long)龕巖,肇(zhao)慶星(xing)湖(hu)、德慶龍(long)母廟連成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)線的“龍(long)之旅(lv)”,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)聞名海(hai)內(nei)外的旅(lv)游熱線。經研究初步(bu)認為(wei)花卉狀(zhuang)組合構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),在特定的物化(hua)條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的,開(kai)始(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時間約為(wei)35萬(wan)年前,至今仍(reng)在緩(huan)慢(man)生長(chang),見氣成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi),變幻(huan)無(wu)窮,生長(chang)不(bu)為(wei)重(zhong)力所約。“玉羅傘(san)帳”,又是(shi)蟠龍(long)洞內(nei)另一(yi)個(ge)(ge)世界級(ji)洞穴奇觀。其(qi)狀(zhuang)如(ru)宮廷豪華傘(san)帳,白里(li)透(tou)黃,石(shi)(shi)褶線條(tiao)(tiao)美(mei)輪美(mei)奐,純屬自然形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)因至今仍(reng)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)謎,具有很高的科(ke)研考古和科(ke)普價值(zhi)。
蟠龍(long)(long)洞(dong)地(di)下(xia)(xia)河(he)間(jian)歇性涌泉(quan)。蟠龍(long)(long)洞(dong)中的落水洞(dong)直(zhi)落21米(mi)深(shen)處,是龍(long)(long)泉(quan)地(di)下(xia)(xia)河(he),在景點“群龍(long)(long)布陣”處可螺旋(xuan)而下(xia)(xia),曲伸如(ru)龍(long)(long),一(yi)年四季,龍(long)(long)泉(quan)滴水不(bu)斷,泉(quan)水甘冽。其下(xia)(xia)的地(di)下(xia)(xia)河(he),長560米(mi),河(he)寬(kuan)8~10米(mi),高(gao)10~30米(mi)不(bu)等,它是一(yi)間(jian)歇泉(quan)供給(gei)河(he)水,來(lai)水時(shi),水浪滾翻,哇(wa)哇(wa)作響,沖刷河(he)灘,過一(yi)會又靜(jing)靜(jing)回流石(shi)洞(dong)。
蟠龍(long)洞(dong)的(de)特殊景(jing)觀有三(san)外(wai):其一是(shi)世界三(san)大(da)石花洞(dong)之一。洞(dong)內(nei)石花剔透玲瓏,晶瑩如玉(yu),它附著于巖壁之上,不按重力方(fang)向生長(chang),而向四面節節開(kai)花,見(jian)氣成石,繼續生長(chang),變幻無窮。其二是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)南方(fang)典(dian)型的(de)大(da)熊貓--劍(jian)齒(chi)象動物(wu)群"古動物(wu)化石區",最為珍貴的(de)是(shi)"智人"古人類(lei)化石。其三(san)是(shi)蟠龍(long)洞(dong)尚未開(kai)發的(de)龍(long)泉地下河(he),河(he)中有泉眼,每隔十分鐘左右,泉眼波浪(lang)翻滾,似(si)海潮洶(xiong)涌,沖(chong)刷(shua)河(he)岸,隨后(hou)又似(si)退潮,靜(jing)靜(jing)地回(hui)流石洞(dong),經專家確認為地下間歇泉,是(shi)一罕見(jian)洞(dong)府奇觀。
洞(dong)長(chang)千米(mi),深(shen)暗(an)幽邃(sui)。里面(mian)有(you)高達30米(mi)的螺頂,有(you)深(shen)不見(jian)底(di)的石(shi)罅,寬闊(kuo)空曠處(chu)都能容千人,窄處(chu)不能2人并行。在洞(dong)內跺腳砸壁會發出(chu)“嗡(weng)嗡(weng)”回(hui)音,給(gei)人一種神(shen)秘(mi)莫測的感覺。洞(dong)口朝南,為(wei)券拱門(men),門(men)上坎刻“龍洞(dong)熏風”四個篆(zhuan)字,為(wei)康(kang)熙14年5月(yue)立。洞(dong)內10米(mi)處(chu),有(you)一供(gong)臺(tai),臺(tai)上神(shen)像已廢,只(zhi)剩(sheng)臺(tai)下殘存(cun)的幾尊羅漢石(shi)像身軀(qu)。向(xiang)洞(dong)內行至(zhi)30米(mi)處(chu),開始(shi)向(xiang)右下方拐彎,回(hui)頭外望(wang),只(zhi)見(jian)洞(dong)口猶如月(yue)牙出(chu)山(shan),人稱“回(hui)首望(wang)月(yue)”。
繼續(xu)前(qian)行(xing),步步廳景。鐘乳(ru)(ru)(ru)石形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的“火燒葡萄(tao)架”含珠點翠(cui);石壁(bi)上被浸蝕成(cheng)(cheng)的“仙人(ren)炕”形(xing)(xing)體逼真;巨石橫貫的“仙人(ren)橋(qiao)”奇特驚(jing)險,世間罕見(jian)(jian)。再(zai)向里(li)進(jin)(jin),八(ba)戒可(ke)見(jian)(jian)鐘乳(ru)(ru)(ru)石形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的“江豬探海”、“水簾瀑(pu)布”、以及(ji)多年沖刷(shua)而成(cheng)(cheng)的“姜(jiang)池”、“藕池”,池內形(xing)(xing)似鮮姜(jiang)的鐘乳(ru)(ru)(ru)石如霞似錦。“蓮藕”如雪似玉(yu)(yu)。“玉(yu)(yu)龍騰(teng)空(kong)(kong)”尤惹(re)人(ren)注目(mu):在高達20米的洞壁(bi)上,有(you)(you)一塊鐘乳(ru)(ru)(ru)石,宛若玉(yu)(yu)龍,通體覆蓋(gai)著(zhu)銀光閃爍(shuo)的“龍鱗”,妙不(bu)可(ke)言;龍頭(tou)垂下,嘴(zui)里(li)噴球(qiu)吐玉(yu)(yu)人(ren),人(ren)稱“龍滴(di)水”,滴(di)在下面“蓮花盆”里(li),四時(shi)不(bu)涸。“鷂(yao)子翻(fan)身”是洞內向下延伸的地方,此處游人(ren)不(bu)能正面行(xing)進(jin)(jin),必須(xu)翻(fan)過身子,雙手攀(pan)石倒(dao)行(xing);路旁有(you)(you)深(shen)不(bu)見(jian)(jian)底的石罅(xia)。走(zou)過險境(jing)(jing),是一段(duan)空(kong)(kong)闊(kuo)平坦(tan)的地帶,這兒路面干燥,清風習習。再(zai)向里(li)前(qian)進(jin)(jin),便是“倒(dao)爬四十步”,雖然路程難走(zou),卻另有(you)(you)一番意(yi)境(jing)(jing)。再(zai)向前(qian)行(xing)200米,有(you)(you)巨石擋堵,不(bu)能前(qian)往。洞口外200米處為金(jin)代佛隱(yin)寺遺址,存戲臺和石碑(bei)1通、古柏(bo)1株。漫山(shan)蒼松(song)翠(cui)柏(bo),郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥蔥;山(shan)下溝壑幽深(shen),樹林茂密(mi)。
盤(pan)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)于(yu)1983年(nian)11月發現,1984年(nian)開發,1985年(nian)正式開放。游覽洞(dong)(dong)分兩層(ceng),上層(ceng)洞(dong)(dong)為“天堂”通(tong)天洞(dong)(dong),下層(ceng)為寶(bao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花洞(dong)(dong)室。洞(dong)(dong)內景點主要有(you)“雞鳴破法”、“龍(long)(long)珠鎮(zhen)洞(dong)(dong)”、“海(hai)獅(shi)(shi)卷簾(lian)”、“石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)羊拜客”、“龍(long)(long)床寶(bao)鏡”、“龍(long)(long)宮(gong)奇(qi)(qi)寶(bao)”、“龍(long)(long)母(mu)玉(yu)池”、“仙桃盛(sheng)會(hui)”、“青龍(long)(long)翻(fan)浪”、“魚躍龍(long)(long)門”、“金龍(long)(long)入(ru)帳(zhang)(zhang)”、“斑(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)凌空”、“雙龍(long)(long)出海(hai)”、“海(hai)獅(shi)(shi)護(hu)帳(zhang)(zhang)”、“龍(long)(long)母(mu)回歸”等57景,各景奇(qi)(qi)麗無比,景隨步移(yi),路隨景轉,非常緊湊,顯得突出,無怪有(you)“神州(zhou)奇(qi)(qi)葩”之稱。從洞(dong)(dong)穴沉積物看,形態的(de)(de)(de)(de)品種名稱齊全,如“天書神筆”的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、“神龜朝圣”的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)、“玉(yu)柱(zhu)擎空”的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)、“玉(yu)壁雄關(guan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)邊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壩、“金龍(long)(long)入(ru)帳(zhang)(zhang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)瀑(pu)布、“龍(long)(long)母(mu)玉(yu)池”的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蓮盤(pan)、“仙山瓊閣”的(de)(de)(de)(de)狗牙石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(水盆晶簇)、“雨箭風刀”的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旗、“海(hai)獅(shi)(shi)護(hu)帳(zhang)(zhang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)盾與石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)幔以及(ji)“巨龍(long)(long)迎賓”的(de)(de)(de)(de)凝(ning)結水再溶蝕鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等,無一(yi)不奇(qi)(qi),無一(yi)不怪。
寶石花
蟠(pan)(pan)龍洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)最(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)奇(qi)(qi)特的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)巖壁上長(chang)出的(de)(de)(de)簇(cu)簇(cu)“寶(bao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)”,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)晶瑩(ying)潔白,剔透玲(ling)瓏(long),形(xing)態(tai)萬千(qian),如銀星閃爍(shuo),熠熠生輝(hui)。在(zai)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)(wai)均比(bi)較罕見(jian),全世界(jie)僅美國(guo)(guo)、土(tu)耳其和中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)有(you),除河南省鞏縣石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞(dong)(dong)等(deng)(deng)極少(shao)數洞(dong)(dong)穴有(you)此種類型沉積(ji)外(wai)(wai),很(hen)少(shao)見(jian)到這種雪(xue)白晶瑩(ying),似球非(fei)球,似針非(fei)針的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)態(tai)和色澤的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua),因(yin)(yin)此很(hen)受游人(ren)稱(cheng)道,其形(xing)態(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)完美,色澤之(zhi)(zhi)純白,堪稱(cheng)世界(jie)等(deng)(deng)級,被譽為(wei)(wei)(wei)“世界(jie)十(shi)大(da)洞(dong)(dong)穴奇(qi)(qi)景”之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。蟠(pan)(pan)龍洞(dong)(dong)也(ye)因(yin)(yin)此在(zai)1987年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)《國(guo)(guo)際洞(dong)(dong)穴年(nian)會》上被世界(jie)洞(dong)(dong)穴協會譽為(wei)(wei)(wei)“世界(jie)三(san)大(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞(dong)(dong)”之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。經專家(jia)研究初步(bu)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)是(shi)由(you)(you)(you)三(san)種化學沉積(ji)形(xing)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)卉(hui)狀(zhuang)組合體構成,即(ji)由(you)(you)(you)方解石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)鐘乳(ru)(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(核心)、文(wen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝(zhi)和方解石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質與文(wen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質的(de)(de)(de)卷(juan)曲(qu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)(deng)。最(zui)典型的(de)(de)(de)組合結構是(shi),以(yi)鐘乳(ru)(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)干,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)枝(zhi)、為(wei)(wei)(wei)花(hua),卷(juan)曲(qu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)節、皮、蕾。因(yin)(yin)此它們(men)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成要有(you)三(san)個階段(duan)(duan):第一(yi)階段(duan)(duan)是(shi)滴(di)水形(xing)成鐘乳(ru)(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);第二階段(duan)(duan),在(zai)封閉的(de)(de)(de)環境下,洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)沒有(you)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)流動,處于(yu)十(shi)分(fen)寧靜、氣(qi)溫恒定且略高時,由(you)(you)(you)微壓的(de)(de)(de)水緩慢滲出,結晶沉淀生出石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝(zhi);第三(san)階段(duan)(duan),由(you)(you)(you)毛細水或由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)氣(qi)溶膠作用形(xing)成卷(juan)曲(qu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。至今(jin)仍在(zai)緩慢生長(chang),附(fu)著于(yu)巖壁之(zhi)(zhi)上,見(jian)氣(qi)成石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),變幻無(wu)窮,生長(chang)不(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)力(li)所約(yue),不(bu)按重(zhong)力(li)方向生長(chang),而向四周節節開花(hua),就象(xiang)我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)頭發(fa)一(yi)樣不(bu)斷自根部向外(wai)(wai)推出生長(chang)一(yi)樣,因(yin)(yin)而也(ye)稱(cheng)“永不(bu)凋謝的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)”。
玉羅傘帳
玉羅(luo)(luo)傘帳(zhang)(zhang)是(shi)蟠龍洞內(nei)另一個世(shi)界級洞穴(xue)奇(qi)觀(guan)。它的(de)(de)(de)外形(xing)(xing)酷(ku)似人(ren)們平時所(suo)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)羅(luo)(luo)傘蚊帳(zhang)(zhang),形(xing)(xing)態之優美,在世(shi)上是(shi)極其罕見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)。它由兩(liang)部分組成(cheng),頂部的(de)(de)(de)盾形(xing)(xing)板(ban)面叫(jiao)石(shi)(shi)盾(也叫(jiao)調(diao)色板(ban)),從盾頂墜下來的(de)(de)(de)部分叫(jiao)盾墜,屬于石(shi)(shi)幕(mu)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)幔。這兩(liang)部分結合(he)起來,便是(shi)一頂神(shen)似玉石(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)華麗宮廷蚊帳(zhang)(zhang),故被稱為“玉羅(luo)(luo)傘帳(zhang)(zhang)”。玉羅(luo)(luo)傘帳(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)后兩(liang)部分顏色有(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異,后部分色澤(ze)較(jiao)(jiao)暗,生長(chang)較(jiao)(jiao)早(zao),據測已有(you)24200年了,前(qian)半部潔白(bai)如玉,生長(chang)較(jiao)(jiao)晚,估計生成(cheng)年代(dai)在數(shu)千年之內(nei)。
蟠龍洞(dong)美食特色:新興(xing)(xing)裹蒸粽、天堂(tang)狗肉(rou)、勒(le)竹田螺、炒田螺、連(lian)灘釀豆腐小(xiao)吃(chi):南(nan)乳花生、郁(yu)南(nan)蜜(mi)棗、郁(yu)南(nan)寶珠龐寨荔(li)枝、新興(xing)(xing)香荔(li)、新興(xing)(xing)涼(liang)果(guo)。