云浮蟠龍(long)洞風(feng)景名勝區(qu)位于廣東省云浮市區(qu)北部的(de)獅(shi)子山中,是一個經(jing)歷了1.7億多年逐漸形(xing)成的(de)次(ci)生溶洞。洞分3層,上為(wei)天(tian)堂(tang)通天(tian)洞,下為(wei)龍(long)泉地下河,中為(wei)九龍(long)長(chang)廊。蟠龍(long)洞屬喀斯特溶洞,洞內(nei)石(shi)花高懸,鐘乳低(di)垂(chui),石(shi)筍石(shi)柱如林,石(shi)幔、石(shi)帳、石(shi)盾、石(shi)堤應(ying)有盡(jin)有,奇景疊出,洞體(ti)迂(yu)回曲折,形(xing)若(ruo)蛟龍(long),故得名"蟠龍(long)洞"。
蟠(pan)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)屬喀斯特(te)溶(rong)巖,經(jing)歷(li)億萬(wan)年漫長歲月(yue)逐漸形成。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內游程528米,分三層(ceng),上層(ceng)天(tian)堂通天(tian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),下層(ceng)龍(long)泉地(di)下河,中層(ceng)九龍(long)長廊,層(ceng)層(ceng)相連,曲折迷(mi)人。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內鐘乳千姿(zi)百態,石(shi)筍石(shi)柱(zhu)如林。處處有(you)景(jing),景(jing)景(jing)皆(jie)奇。類人似(si)物有(you)“神龜朝圣”、“龍(long)母浴池”“天(tian)書神筆”、“玉(yu)壁(bi)雄(xiong)關(guan)”等58景(jing),真是惟妙惟肖,栩栩如生,引(yin)人入勝。而最為(wei)奇特(te)的(de)是洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內巖壁(bi)上長出的(de)簇(cu)簇(cu)石(shi)花,石(shi)花晶瑩潔白,剔透玲瓏,如銀星閃(shan)爍熠熠生輝。
蟠(pan)龍洞位于云浮市區(qu)城(cheng)北的(de)獅子(zi)山(shan)中,因(yin)其洞體迂(yu)迥(jiong)曲折,故(gu)得(de)名(ming)。1993年(nian)(nian)5月,廣東省人民政(zheng)府以(yi)[1993]66號文,正式批(pi)準蟠(pan)龍洞為省級風景名(ming)勝區(qu)。蟠(pan)龍洞自(zi)1985年(nian)(nian)對游(you)人開放以(yi)來,已接待(dai)數百萬游(you)客。特別近年(nian)(nian)來,市政(zheng)府加大了對景區(qu)建設的(de)投入,于蟠(pan)龍洞旁(pang)興建蟠(pan)龍天湖,一(yi)個集觀(guan)賞、食住、游(you)樂、購物于一(yi)體的(de)旅游(you)景區(qu)已初具(ju)規模,來自(zi)各地的(de)游(you)客更(geng)是絡繹不(bu)絕。
蟠龍洞(dong)旅游風景區和(he)龍山溫泉旅游度假區與羅定(ding)聚龍洞(dong)、龍龕巖,肇(zhao)慶星(xing)湖(hu)、德慶龍母(mu)廟連成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一線(xian)的(de)“龍之旅”,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為聞名海(hai)內外的(de)旅游熱線(xian)。經(jing)研究初(chu)步認為花(hua)卉狀(zhuang)組合構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),在(zai)(zai)特定(ding)的(de)物化條件下(xia)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de),開始(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時間約(yue)為35萬年(nian)前,至(zhi)今(jin)仍(reng)在(zai)(zai)緩(huan)慢生長,見氣(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi),變幻無窮,生長不(bu)為重力所約(yue)。“玉羅傘帳(zhang)”,又是蟠龍洞(dong)內另(ling)一個(ge)世界級洞(dong)穴奇觀。其狀(zhuang)如(ru)宮廷豪華傘帳(zhang),白里透(tou)黃,石(shi)褶線(xian)條美輪美奐,純屬(shu)自(zi)然形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),其成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)因至(zhi)今(jin)仍(reng)是一個(ge)謎,具有很高的(de)科研考古(gu)和(he)科普價值。
蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)洞地下(xia)河(he)(he)間(jian)歇性涌泉。蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)洞中(zhong)的(de)落水(shui)(shui)洞直落21米(mi)(mi)深處(chu),是龍(long)(long)泉地下(xia)河(he)(he),在景點“群龍(long)(long)布陣(zhen)”處(chu)可螺旋(xuan)而下(xia),曲(qu)伸如龍(long)(long),一(yi)(yi)年四(si)季,龍(long)(long)泉滴(di)水(shui)(shui)不斷,泉水(shui)(shui)甘冽。其下(xia)的(de)地下(xia)河(he)(he),長560米(mi)(mi),河(he)(he)寬8~10米(mi)(mi),高10~30米(mi)(mi)不等,它(ta)是一(yi)(yi)間(jian)歇泉供(gong)給(gei)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui),來水(shui)(shui)時,水(shui)(shui)浪滾翻,哇哇作響,沖刷河(he)(he)灘,過(guo)一(yi)(yi)會又靜(jing)靜(jing)回流石洞。
蟠(pan)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)特殊景觀(guan)有(you)三(san)外:其(qi)(qi)一(yi)是(shi)世界三(san)大石(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞(dong)(dong)之一(yi)。洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)石(shi)(shi)花(hua)剔透玲瓏,晶瑩如(ru)玉,它附著于(yu)巖壁(bi)之上(shang),不按重力方向(xiang)生長(chang),而向(xiang)四(si)面節(jie)節(jie)開花(hua),見氣成石(shi)(shi),繼續生長(chang),變幻無窮。其(qi)(qi)二是(shi)我國(guo)南(nan)方典型的(de)大熊貓--劍齒象動物群"古(gu)動物化石(shi)(shi)區",最為(wei)珍貴的(de)是(shi)"智人(ren)"古(gu)人(ren)類化石(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)三(san)是(shi)蟠(pan)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)尚未開發的(de)龍(long)泉地下(xia)(xia)河(he),河(he)中(zhong)有(you)泉眼,每隔(ge)十分鐘左右(you),泉眼波浪翻滾,似海(hai)潮(chao)(chao)洶涌,沖刷(shua)河(he)岸,隨后又(you)似退潮(chao)(chao),靜(jing)靜(jing)地回(hui)流石(shi)(shi)洞(dong)(dong),經(jing)專(zhuan)家確認為(wei)地下(xia)(xia)間歇泉,是(shi)一(yi)罕(han)見洞(dong)(dong)府奇觀(guan)。
洞(dong)長千米(mi),深暗幽(you)邃(sui)。里面有(you)高(gao)達(da)30米(mi)的螺頂,有(you)深不(bu)見(jian)底的石罅,寬闊空曠處(chu)都(dou)能容千人,窄處(chu)不(bu)能2人并行。在洞(dong)內跺(duo)腳砸壁(bi)會發出(chu)“嗡嗡”回音(yin),給人一(yi)種神秘莫(mo)測的感覺。洞(dong)口朝南,為券拱門,門上(shang)坎刻“龍洞(dong)熏(xun)風”四個篆字,為康熙14年5月立。洞(dong)內10米(mi)處(chu),有(you)一(yi)供臺(tai)(tai),臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)神像(xiang)已廢,只剩臺(tai)(tai)下殘存的幾尊羅(luo)漢石像(xiang)身(shen)軀。向洞(dong)內行至30米(mi)處(chu),開(kai)始向右(you)下方拐彎,回頭外望(wang),只見(jian)洞(dong)口猶如月牙出(chu)山,人稱“回首望(wang)月”。
繼續(xu)前(qian)行,步(bu)步(bu)廳景(jing)。鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)“火燒葡(pu)萄架(jia)”含珠點翠;石(shi)(shi)壁(bi)上被浸蝕成的(de)(de)(de)“仙人(ren)(ren)炕”形(xing)體逼真;巨石(shi)(shi)橫貫的(de)(de)(de)“仙人(ren)(ren)橋”奇特(te)驚(jing)險,世間罕見(jian)。再向(xiang)(xiang)里(li)進,八戒可見(jian)鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)“江(jiang)豬探海(hai)”、“水簾瀑布”、以(yi)及多年沖刷而成的(de)(de)(de)“姜(jiang)池(chi)”、“藕(ou)池(chi)”,池(chi)內(nei)形(xing)似鮮姜(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)如霞似錦(jin)。“蓮藕(ou)”如雪似玉(yu)。“玉(yu)龍騰空”尤惹人(ren)(ren)注目:在(zai)高達20米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)洞壁(bi)上,有一(yi)塊鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi),宛若(ruo)玉(yu)龍,通(tong)體覆(fu)蓋著銀光閃爍的(de)(de)(de)“龍鱗”,妙不(bu)可言;龍頭垂下(xia),嘴里(li)噴球吐玉(yu)人(ren)(ren),人(ren)(ren)稱“龍滴水”,滴在(zai)下(xia)面(mian)“蓮花盆”里(li),四時不(bu)涸。“鷂子(zi)(zi)翻(fan)(fan)身”是(shi)洞內(nei)向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)延(yan)伸的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方,此處游人(ren)(ren)不(bu)能正面(mian)行進,必須(xu)翻(fan)(fan)過(guo)身子(zi)(zi),雙手攀石(shi)(shi)倒(dao)行;路旁有深不(bu)見(jian)底的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)罅。走過(guo)險境,是(shi)一(yi)段(duan)空闊平坦的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)帶,這兒路面(mian)干燥,清風習(xi)習(xi)。再向(xiang)(xiang)里(li)前(qian)進,便是(shi)“倒(dao)爬四十步(bu)”,雖(sui)然路程難走,卻另有一(yi)番意境。再向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)行200米(mi),有巨石(shi)(shi)擋堵,不(bu)能前(qian)往。洞口外200米(mi)處為(wei)金代佛隱寺遺址(zhi),存戲臺和(he)石(shi)(shi)碑1通(tong)、古柏1株(zhu)。漫山蒼松翠柏,郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥(cong)蔥(cong);山下(xia)溝壑幽深,樹林茂密。
盤龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)于(yu)1983年(nian)11月發現,1984年(nian)開發,1985年(nian)正(zheng)式開放。游(you)覽洞(dong)(dong)(dong)分兩層(ceng),上層(ceng)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)為(wei)“天堂(tang)”通天洞(dong)(dong)(dong),下層(ceng)為(wei)寶石(shi)(shi)(shi)花洞(dong)(dong)(dong)室。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內景(jing)(jing)點主要有“雞鳴(ming)破法”、“龍(long)珠鎮洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”、“海(hai)(hai)獅卷簾”、“石(shi)(shi)(shi)羊拜客”、“龍(long)床寶鏡”、“龍(long)宮奇寶”、“龍(long)母玉池”、“仙桃盛會”、“青龍(long)翻浪”、“魚躍龍(long)門”、“金龍(long)入帳”、“斑(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)凌空”、“雙龍(long)出海(hai)(hai)”、“海(hai)(hai)獅護(hu)帳”、“龍(long)母回歸”等(deng)57景(jing)(jing),各景(jing)(jing)奇麗(li)無比,景(jing)(jing)隨步(bu)移,路隨景(jing)(jing)轉,非常緊湊(cou),顯得(de)突(tu)出,無怪有“神州奇葩”之稱。從洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)沉積(ji)物看(kan),形(xing)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種名稱齊全,如“天書神筆”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)、“神龜朝圣”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)、“玉柱擎空”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱、“玉壁雄(xiong)關”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邊石(shi)(shi)(shi)壩、“金龍(long)入帳”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)瀑布(bu)、“龍(long)母玉池”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)蓮(lian)盤、“仙山瓊閣”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狗(gou)牙石(shi)(shi)(shi)(水(shui)盆晶簇)、“雨箭風(feng)刀”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)旗、“海(hai)(hai)獅護(hu)帳”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)盾與石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔以及“巨龍(long)迎賓(bin)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凝結水(shui)再溶蝕鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng),無一(yi)不奇,無一(yi)不怪。
寶石花
蟠龍洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)最為(wei)(wei)奇特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)巖(yan)壁(bi)上長(chang)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簇簇“寶石(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”,石(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)晶瑩(ying)潔白,剔透玲瓏,形(xing)(xing)態(tai)萬千(qian),如銀(yin)星閃爍,熠熠生(sheng)(sheng)輝。在國(guo)內(nei)外均比較罕見(jian),全世界(jie)(jie)僅美(mei)國(guo)、土耳其(qi)和(he)中國(guo)有(you),除河南省鞏(gong)縣石(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等極(ji)少數洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴有(you)此種(zhong)類型沉(chen)積(ji)外,很少見(jian)到(dao)這種(zhong)雪(xue)白晶瑩(ying),似球非(fei)球,似針非(fei)針的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)和(he)色澤(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),因(yin)此很受(shou)游人稱道(dao),其(qi)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)之完美(mei),色澤(ze)之純(chun)白,堪稱世界(jie)(jie)等級,被(bei)譽為(wei)(wei)“世界(jie)(jie)十大(da)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴奇景”之一(yi)(yi)。蟠龍洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)也因(yin)此在1987年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《國(guo)際洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴年會(hui)》上被(bei)世界(jie)(jie)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴協會(hui)譽為(wei)(wei)“世界(jie)(jie)三大(da)石(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”之一(yi)(yi)。經專家研(yan)究初步認為(wei)(wei)石(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)由(you)三種(zhong)化(hua)學沉(chen)積(ji)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)卉狀組(zu)合體構成,即由(you)方解(jie)石(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘乳石(shi)(核心)、文石(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)枝(zhi)和(he)方解(jie)石(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)與文石(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卷曲(qu)石(shi)等。最典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)合結構是(shi),以鐘乳石(shi)為(wei)(wei)干,石(shi)枝(zhi)為(wei)(wei)枝(zhi)、為(wei)(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),卷曲(qu)石(shi)為(wei)(wei)節(jie)(jie)、皮、蕾(lei)。因(yin)此它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成要有(you)三個階(jie)(jie)段(duan):第一(yi)(yi)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)是(shi)滴水形(xing)(xing)成鐘乳石(shi);第二(er)階(jie)(jie)段(duan),在封閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境下,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)沒有(you)空(kong)氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流動,處于(yu)十分寧靜、氣溫恒定(ding)且(qie)略高時(shi),由(you)微壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水緩慢(man)滲出(chu),結晶沉(chen)淀生(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)石(shi)枝(zhi);第三階(jie)(jie)段(duan),由(you)毛細水或由(you)于(yu)氣溶(rong)膠作用形(xing)(xing)成卷曲(qu)石(shi)。至今仍在緩慢(man)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),附著于(yu)巖(yan)壁(bi)之上,見(jian)氣成石(shi),變幻無窮,生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)不為(wei)(wei)重力(li)所約(yue),不按(an)重力(li)方向生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),而向四周節(jie)(jie)節(jie)(jie)開花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),就象(xiang)我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頭(tou)發一(yi)(yi)樣不斷自根部(bu)向外推出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)一(yi)(yi)樣,因(yin)而也稱“永不凋謝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”。
玉羅傘帳
玉(yu)羅傘帳是(shi)蟠龍洞內另一個世(shi)界級洞穴奇觀。它的外形酷似(si)人們平時所見的羅傘蚊(wen)(wen)帳,形態之(zhi)優美,在世(shi)上是(shi)極其(qi)罕見的。它由(you)兩部分組成,頂(ding)(ding)部的盾形板(ban)面叫石(shi)(shi)(shi)盾(也叫調色板(ban)),從盾頂(ding)(ding)墜(zhui)(zhui)下來的部分叫盾墜(zhui)(zhui),屬(shu)于石(shi)(shi)(shi)幕式的石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔。這兩部分結(jie)合起(qi)來,便(bian)是(shi)一頂(ding)(ding)神似(si)玉(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的華麗宮廷蚊(wen)(wen)帳,故被稱為“玉(yu)羅傘帳”。玉(yu)羅傘帳的前(qian)后(hou)兩部分顏色有(you)明(ming)顯(xian)的差異(yi),后(hou)部分色澤(ze)較(jiao)暗,生長(chang)較(jiao)早,據測已(yi)有(you)24200年(nian)了,前(qian)半(ban)部潔白(bai)如玉(yu),生長(chang)較(jiao)晚,估計生成年(nian)代在數千年(nian)之(zhi)內。
蟠(pan)龍洞美(mei)食特色:新(xin)興裹蒸粽(zong)、天堂狗肉、勒(le)竹(zhu)田螺、炒田螺、連灘釀豆腐(fu)小吃:南乳花生、郁南蜜棗、郁南寶珠龐寨荔枝、新(xin)興香荔、新(xin)興涼果。