武(wu)元衡遇(yu)刺(ci)案,此案發生(sheng)于唐代。
唐元和(he)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)正月(yue)(yue),憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)沼(zhao)討(tao)(tao)淮(huai)西(xi)吳(wu)元濟(ji)(ji),吳(wu)元濟(ji)(ji)遣(qian)(qian)使(shi)求救于(yu)河北(bei)藩鎮(zhen)王承(cheng)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)、山東(dong)(dong)藩鎮(zhen)李師道(dao)。二鎮(zhen)久拒朝命(ming),恐朝廷將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)各(ge)個擊(ji)(ji)破,乃數上表請赦吳(wu)元濟(ji)(ji),憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)不(bu)從(cong)。李師道(dao)便派刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)數人(ren)赴京師,殺(sha)主持討(tao)(tao)伐(fa)事(shi)(shi)務(wu)的宰相武(wu)元衡。元和(he)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)六月(yue)(yue)初(chu)三(san)日(ri),天未明,宰相武(wu)元衡上朝,與隨從(cong)出(chu)所居之(zhi)(zhi)靖(jing)安(an)(an)坊東(dong)(dong)門,有刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)自(zi)暗處突然出(chu)現,用(yong)箭射武(wu)元衡,隨從(cong)音四散奔逃(tao),刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)牽武(wu)元衡馬行十(shi)(shi)余步而(er)殺(sha)之(zhi)(zhi),取其(qi)(qi)(qi)首(shou)級而(er)去(qu)。刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)又入(ru)通化坊,襲(xi)擊(ji)(ji)了御史中丞裴(pei)(pei)度,砍(kan)傷其(qi)(qi)(qi)首(shou)、裴(pei)(pei)度跌(die)入(ru)溝中,其(qi)(qi)(qi)所戴(dai)氈帽厚重。才得不(bu)死(si)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)仆乇義自(zi)身后抱(bao)住刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)大呼,刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)砍(kan)斷其(qi)(qi)(qi)臂而(er)逃(tao)。憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)急命(ming)金吾騎(qi)軍(jun)(jun)張(zhang)弦露刃(ren),護衛宰相出(chu)入(ru),所過坊巷嚴(yan)加搜索,憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)又詔(zhao)今京師內(nei)外,大舉搜捕刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke),獲(huo)(huo)賊昔賞錢萬貫(guan),官(guan)五品;有敢(gan)包庇藏匿(ni)者,舉族誅之(zhi)(zhi)。時成德節度使(shi)進奏(zou)院(時各(ge)節度使(shi)在長(chang)安(an)(an)均設有進奏(zou)院)有成德軍(jun)(jun)卒張(zhang)晏(yan)等數人(ren),舉止無(wu)狀,眾人(ren)多疑之(zhi)(zhi)。六月(yue)(yue)初(chu)十(shi)(shi)日(ri),神策將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)工士則(ze)等告成德節度使(shi)王承(cheng)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)遣(qian)(qian)張(zhang)晏(yan)等刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)殺(sha)武(wu)元衡。于(yu)是憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)命(ming)收捕張(zhang)晏(yan)等八(ba)人(ren),命(ming)京兆尹裴(pei)(pei)武(wu)、監(jian)察御史陳(chen)中師等審(shen)問之(zhi)(zhi)。六月(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)四日(ri),憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)詔(zhao)以裴(pei)(pei)度為(wei)宰相(中書侍郎、同(tong)平(ping)章(zhang)事(shi)(shi)),把用(yong)兵征討(tao)(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)悉(xi)委托給他(ta),攻(gong)討(tao)(tao)淮(huai)西(xi)吳(wu)元濟(ji)(ji)更急。陳(chen)中師等審(shen)問張(zhang)晏(yan)等,他(ta)們全(quan)都服罪,承(cheng)認(ren)是他(ta)們殺(sha)死(si)了武(wu)元衡。刑部尚書、同(tong)平(ping)章(zhang)事(shi)(shi)張(zhang)弘靖(jing)懷疑其(qi)(qi)(qi)所供(gong)不(bu)實,屢言于(yu)憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong),憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)不(bu)聽(ting)。六月(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日(ri),詔(zhao)斬(zhan)張(zhang)晏(yan)等五人(ren),殺(sha)其(qi)(qi)(qi)黨(dang)羽(yu)十(shi)(shi)四人(ren)。但真正的刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke)并未捕獲(huo)(huo)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)年(nian)八(ba)月(yue)(yue),東(dong)(dong)都洛陽擒獲(huo)(huo)在城中作亂的李師道(dao)部下,經審(shen)訊(xun),才知殺(sha)武(wu)元衡者,乃李師道(dao)所遣(qian)(qian)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)客(ke)(ke)(ke),已逃(tao)歸淄(zi)青(qing)。