《鳳還巢》為(wei)梅(mei)蘭(lan)芳根據清(qing)宮(gong)藏本《循環序》改(gai)編(bian)的(de)京劇,原名(ming)(ming)《陰陽(yang)樹》,又(you)名(ming)(ming)《丑配》,于1929年在(zai)北京首(shou)演(yan)。此劇情(qing)節巧(qiao)妙,行(xing)當(dang)齊全,與清(qing)代傳(chuan)奇劇本《風箏誤》有(you)異曲同(tong)工之(zhi)妙。雪(xue)娥的(de)幾(ji)大(da)段唱腔華麗別(bie)致、明快跌宕、如訴如歌,是梅(mei)派唱腔中廣為(wei)流傳(chuan)的(de)著名(ming)(ming)唱段。
明朝(chao)末年(nian),侍郎程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)告老還鄉。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)生(sheng)有(you)二女(nv)(nv):大女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁為(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)人(ren)所生(sheng),貌奇丑(chou)且行為(wei)(wei)(wei)舉(ju)止粗(cu)魯;次女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)為(wei)(wei)(wei)側(ce)室所生(sheng),美(mei)貌聰明,程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)愛之(zhi)(zhi)如掌上明珠。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)與宗皇(huang)朱(zhu)渙然游春(chun),遇(yu)(yu)故(gu)友之(zhi)(zhi)子穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易(yi)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易(yi)翩翩少年(nian),認為(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)前程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)看好(hao),欲(yu)與雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)擇婿(xu),夫(fu)人(ren)卻欲(yu)將雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁許穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壽辰(chen),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)來(lai)拜,留宿于書(shu)館。入夜(ye),夫(fu)人(ren)命己女(nv)(nv)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁冒雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)之(zhi)(zhi)名去書(shu)館會(hui)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見其(qi)貌丑(chou)無比(bi),誤以為(wei)(wei)(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)騙婚,連夜(ye)逃去,途中(zhong)遇(yu)(yu)到朱(zhu)渙然,朱(zhu)贈(zeng)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銀馬助其(qi)逃跑。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正憂穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)去向不(bu)(bu)(bu)明,適逢朝(chao)廷起用,只好(hao)奉旨離家(jia)出征(zheng)。而垂涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)已久(jiu)的皇(huang)族朱(zhu)煥然,得(de)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)逃程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去,乘機冒穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)名來(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)家(jia)迎娶雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)。夫(fu)人(ren)信以為(wei)(wei)(wei)真,即以雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁代嫁。洞房中(zhong),兩人(ren)發現全是冒名頂替,雖(sui)后悔莫及,卻有(you)苦難言,只能將錯(cuo)就(jiu)錯(cuo)。這時,地方強盜(dao)作亂,夫(fu)人(ren)去朱(zhu)家(jia)避難,雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)因(yin)(yin)朱(zhu)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)端不(bu)(bu)(bu)肯隨夫(fu)人(ren)前往。不(bu)(bu)(bu)久(jiu),程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)平(ping)定賊寇,接雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)至(zhi)軍中(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)也(ye)從軍在此。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又重提婚姻,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)堅(jian)決拒婚:元帥洪功及周監(jian)軍強給主婚,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)已說(shuo)明程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)女(nv)(nv)夤夜(ye)私入書(shu)館等情(qing)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)誤會(hui),堅(jian)持(chi)完婚。洞房中(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)貌美(mei),確非私入書(shu)房之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),不(bu)(bu)(bu)由大喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)卻因(yin)(yin)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)拒婚,委屈非常,在穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)一(yi)再(zai)謝罪之(zhi)(zhi)下,才轉悲為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜,終諧(xie)伉儷。朱(zhu)渙然被(bei)劫(jie),攜程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)妻、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁來(lai)投,最(zui)終一(yi)家(jia)團(tuan)聚。
2022年8月,京(jing)劇《鳳還(huan)巢》參加(jia)2022年戲曲百戲(昆山)盛典(dian)全國(guo)戲曲領(ling)軍(jun)人才優(you)秀劇目展演(yan)。
2019年10月(yue)2日,由文化和(he)旅游部、北京(jing)市人民政府主辦的2019中(zhong)國戲曲文化周2日在北京(jing)園博園開幕。梅派《鳳還巢(chao)》得到演出(chu)。
2021年12月14、15日,上海京劇(ju)院(yuan)的《鳳(feng)還巢》將在湖南大劇(ju)院(yuan)演出。