《定軍山》又(you)名(ming)《取(qu)東川》《一戰(zhan)成功》,京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)傳統劇(ju)(ju)(ju)目。取(qu)材于《三國演義》,大體與清宮(gong)廷大戲(xi)《鼎峙春秋》中的內容(rong)相仿。劇(ju)(ju)(ju)本由譚富英、陶(tao)君起整理(li),寶文(wen)堂出版。有《戲(xi)考(kao)》《戲(xi)學匯考(kao)》《戲(xi)典(dian)》《修訂平劇(ju)(ju)(ju)選》《戲(xi)學指南》《名(ming)伶(ling)京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)大觀》《京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)從刊》等刊本。除(chu)京劇(ju)(ju)(ju)外,漢(han)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)、川劇(ju)(ju)(ju)、微劇(ju)(ju)(ju)、秦腔、晉劇(ju)(ju)(ju)、粵劇(ju)(ju)(ju)、滇劇(ju)(ju)(ju)、同州(zhou)梆子河北梆子等劇(ju)(ju)(ju)種均(jun)有該(gai)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)目。
該劇目講述了三國時期,魏蜀交戰,曹(cao)操遣(qian)大將(jiang)張頜攻打葭萌關(guan),張敗走(zou)定(ding)軍(jun)山,投(tou)奔夏(xia)侯淵(yuan)。諸葛亮用(yong)激(ji)將(jiang)法(fa)使(shi)黃忠(zhong)立下軍(jun)令狀,發誓十日內攻下定(ding)軍(jun)山。兩軍(jun)交戰中,黃忠(zhong)生擒夏(xia)侯淵(yuan)之(zhi)侄夏(xia)侯尚,并用(yong)其換取部將(jiang)陳式。在走(zou)馬換將(jiang)之(zhi)際,黃忠(zhong)將(jiang)夏(xia)侯尚射死,激(ji)夏(xia)侯淵(yuan)出陣較量,并施展拖刀計,斬殺夏(xia)侯淵(yuan),奪取定(ding)軍(jun)山。
諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮一生用(yong)兵(bing),善(shan)用(yong)激(ji)將之(zhi)法。建(jian)安(an)二(er)十(shi)三年,魏將張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)犯葭(jia)萌關(guan),守將霍峻(jun)申報乞救。諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮又(you)用(yong)此(ci)法,佯言欲向閬(lang)中調取張(zhang)飛往敵,并力(li)夸張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)乃魏之(zhi)名將,斷非(fei)張(zhang)飛不可(ke),以(yi)激(ji)眾心。時黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)年雖老(lao),然心雄萬(wan)夫,竟為諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮所(suo)激(ji)動(dong),即在(zai)(zai)帳前輪刀(dao)開(kai)弓,以(yi)示(shi)勇(yong)力(li)。銳身(shen)自任(ren),愿往破(po)(po)張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he),并舉老(lao)將嚴顏為副(fu)。諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮知二(er)人智勇(yong)兼全,本自可(ke)用(yong),遂遣(qian)(qian)之(zhi)。既(ji)赴救。張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)欺二(er)將皆老(lao)邁,易視之(zhi),不意黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)始用(yong)驕兵(bing)之(zhi)計(ji),連次佯敗,卒(zu)于一夜突(tu)出(chu)襲殺(sha),大(da)敗張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)軍(jun)(jun),直逼(bi)漢水。張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)、夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯尚等(deng),只得退奔天(tian)(tian)蕩(dang)(dang)山(shan)(shan)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯德(de)處。蓋天(tian)(tian)蕩(dang)(dang)、米(mi)倉兩(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan),系魏兵(bing)屯糧(liang)之(zhi)要隘(ai)也。詎張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)、夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯尚等(deng)才至未幾,黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)已引(yin)軍(jun)(jun)追及,鼓噪(zao)而(er)進。蓋黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)預遣(qian)(qian)嚴顏抄出(chu)山(shan)(shan)后,在(zai)(zai)前燒屯接(jie)(jie)應。故(gu)(gu)能(neng)一戰而(er)克天(tian)(tian)蕩(dang)(dang)。斬夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯德(de),兵(bing)勢如(ru)破(po)(po)竹(zhu)也。既(ji)得天(tian)(tian)蕩(dang)(dang),諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮即偕劉備,舉兵(bing)十(shi)萬(wan),進駐葭(jia)萌。擬乘勝直圖(tu)漢中。諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮知黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)軍(jun)(jun)威(wei)方(fang)振,余勇(yong)可(ke)賈,尤可(ke)用(yong)也。乃下(xia)令欲取定軍(jun)(jun)山(shan)(shan),且言夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)非(fei)張(zhang)郃(he)(he)(he)之(zhi)比,復以(yi)調回關(guan)羽一語激(ji)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)益(yi)奮(fen)勇(yong),如(ru)前狀(zhuang)。諸(zhu)葛(ge)亮于是遣(qian)(qian)法正為之(zhi)佐,復任(ren)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)為前鋒。陰(yin)遣(qian)(qian)趙云將奇兵(bing)出(chu)小路(lu)接(jie)(jie)應。既(ji)而(er)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)乘兩(liang)(liang)軍(jun)(jun)釋換俘(fu)虜之(zhi)時,故(gu)(gu)意射死(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯尚,以(yi)激(ji)怒夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan),使夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)輕進憤事。夏(xia)(xia)(xia)侯淵(yuan)果以(yi)此(ci)致(zhi)敗,卒(zu)被(bei)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)忠(zhong)(zhong)刀(dao)劈馬下(xia)而(er)亡(wang)。蜀軍(jun)(jun)遂定東(dong)川。