寬(kuan)甸石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can),遼寧省(sheng)寬(kuan)甸滿(man)族自(zi)治縣振江(jiang)鎮石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)子村(cun)特(te)產(chan)(chan),中(zhong)(zhong)國地理標志產(chan)(chan)品。石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)參(can)(can)(can)也(ye)稱柱(zhu)(zhu)參(can)(can)(can),是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)中(zhong)(zhong)的優良品種(zhong),因產(chan)(chan)地而得名。該村(cun)位(wei)于鴨綠江(jiang)北岸,屬于長(chang)白山余脈,山多水多、山高林密、濕(shi)度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)大,是(shi)盛產(chan)(chan)山參(can)(can)(can)的地方。石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)參(can)(can)(can)具有(you)蘆長(chang)、體(ti)靈、皮(pi)老(lao)紋深、皮(pi)條須、須根上生有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)多的珍(zhen)珠(zhu)疙(ge)瘩,體(ti)形(xing)酷似野山參(can)(can)(can)等(deng)優點而馳(chi)名中(zhong)(zhong)外,體(ti)形(xing)千姿(zi)百態,深受用戶歡迎。石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)參(can)(can)(can)藥性(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)強,栽(zai)培15年(nian)以上的石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)參(can)(can)(can)藥用價值近似山參(can)(can)(can),人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)總(zong)皂甙(dai)含量遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高于一般園參(can)(can)(can)。
產地環境
石柱人(ren)參產于遼寧省寬(kuan)甸滿(man)族自治縣(xian)(以下簡稱寬(kuan)甸縣(xian))振(zhen)江鎮石柱子(zi)村境
內(nei),地理(li)坐標(biao)為東經125°21′~125°28′,北緯40°43′~40°50′,海拔350~810m。石柱子村位于寬(kuan)甸縣東部(bu)(bu)丘陵(ling)區,屬長白山余脈,平均海拔500m,最高海拔800m,東部(bu)(bu)和(he)南部(bu)(bu)與(yu)鴨(ya)(ya)綠(lv)江相鄰,東距(ju)鴨(ya)(ya)綠(lv)江12.6km,南距(ju)鴨(ya)(ya)綠(lv)江15.82km,與(yu)朝鮮人民(min)民(min)主主義共和(he)國隔江相望,西(xi)部(bu)(bu)和(he)北部(bu)(bu)與(yu)內(nei)陸接壤。
土(tu)壤條(tiao)件方面,境內土(tu)壤屬(shu)棕壤土(tu),pH 5.5~6.0,由花崗巖(yan)、片麻巖(yan)、混合巖(yan)等巖(yan)石(shi)風(feng)化而成,表(biao)層(ceng)顏色(se)為暗棕色(se)、棕灰色(se),中層(ceng)為棕黃色(se),下層(ceng)為黃白(bai)色(se)。土(tu)壤有機質(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)為3.49%、微量(liang)(liang)元素(su)主要含量(liang)(liang)有銅、鋅、鐵、錳、硼、鉬,表(biao)層(ceng)土(tu)速效磷含量(liang)(liang)平均為1.35mg/kg。土(tu)壤上層(ceng)較(jiao)(jiao)薄,一般20~30cm厚(hou),質(zhi)地(di)較(jiao)(jiao)粗,含有較(jiao)(jiao)多的粗砂、礫(li)石(shi)。
水分條(tiao)件方面,石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)子村東臨(lin)鴨綠(lv)江(jiang),水資源極為(wei)豐富(fu),石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)子河和滾子溝河于村中心交匯并(bing)貫(guan)穿全村,河流總長(chang)6km。
氣候條件方面,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)子村屬溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)濕潤季風氣候區,四季分(fen)明(ming),氣候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)濕潤。受季風影響,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)子村夏季高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)多雨,冬季寒冷干燥,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)6.5℃,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水量為(wei)1 100mm,年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時數為(wei)2 400小時,陰(yin)霧(wu)(wu)天(tian)氣多達150多天(tian),無霜期(qi)135天(tian)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)生(sheng)長季(5~8月)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)21℃,晝夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)較大(da),有利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)體內(nei)養分(fen)的(de)累積(ji)。降(jiang)水豐富,日(ri)照(zhao)少,陰(yin)霧(wu)(wu)多,濕度(du)(du)大(da),空氣相對濕度(du)(du)平(ping)均(jun)為(wei)75%,加之(zhi)受地(di)理(li)緯度(du)(du)和(he)云霧(wu)(wu)、地(di)形(xing)、植被等影響,極易形(xing)成(cheng)散(san)射(she)光,經(jing)常(chang)出現"露水陽"天(tian)氣。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)子村獨(du)特(te)的(de)自然(ran)環(huan)境和(he)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌,有利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)的(de)生(sheng)長發(fa)育,并造就了(le)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)獨(du)特(te)的(de)品質(zhi)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)對土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)、水分(fen)、氣候、光照(zhao)及栽培管(guan)理(li)技(ji)術等要求極其嚴格,非石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)子之(zhi)山、之(zhi)土(tu)(tu)、之(zhi)水、之(zhi)氣、之(zhi)特(te)殊栽培而不可(ke)得。經(jing)實驗,異(yi)地(di)栽培則會劣變,其形(xing)體和(he)藥理(li)作用(yong)都與正宗(zong)的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)相差(cha)甚(shen)遠。2011年(nian)寬(kuan)甸(dian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)農產品通(tong)過了(le)國(guo)家地(di)理(li)標志認證。由(you)于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)人(ren)參(can)(can)(can)生(sheng)長期(qi)一般為(wei)13年(nian)以上(shang),生(sheng)長周期(qi)長,為(wei)保護該物(wu)種,經(jing)遼寧省林(lin)(lin)業(ye)部門批(pi)準,每年(nian)只限增加參(can)(can)(can)地(di)50畝,同時退下來的(de)參(can)(can)(can)地(di)還林(lin)(lin),達到林(lin)(lin)地(di)資源可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展。
品質特點
石柱(zhu)人參具有蘆細長(chang)、體(ti)(ti)短靈(ling)、膀頭較圓,皮(pi)老質(zhi)(zhi)實,橫紋深(shen)而細密且主要集中在體(ti)(ti)的上半部(bu),須細長(chang),柔軟,清疏,須根上生有珍珠疙瘩,體(ti)(ti)形千(qian)姿百態酷似野(ye)山參,因質(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)效高而被尊崇(chong),因量(liang)少年長(chang)而顯珍貴(gui),馳名(ming)中外,深(shen)受(shou)消費者歡(huan)迎。
歷史淵源
相傳在明朝萬歷年間,石柱子(zi)村還是個山高(gao)林密(mi)、荒無人煙的地方(fang),山
東有7翁結伴到遼東鴨綠江畔的(de)(de)深山老林里采參(can)(can),在(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱子(zi)村(cun)一帶發現了許多(duo)(duo)上等(deng)人參(can)(can),他們(men)把長(chang)成的(de)(de)人參(can)(can)帶走,小(xiao)參(can)(can)與參(can)(can)籽則埋(mai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)林下栽培,為(wei)了以后采參(can)(can)能找到這(zhe)個地方(fang),就在(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱子(zi)村(cun)上屯街西的(de)(de)三(san)岔路口,豎起一塊2m多(duo)(duo)高的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱,同時,在(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱旁還栽了1株榆樹,石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱人參(can)(can)由此得名(亦被簡(jian)稱為(wei)柱參(can)(can))。后來,隨著采參(can)(can)的(de)(de)人越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)(duo),有些(xie)人安家在(zai)(zai)(zai)此,逐漸形成了石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱子(zi)村(cun)。