茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)是中華民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)“國飲”,伴隨著人類的(de)(de)(de)進步,典雅、高貴的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化(hua)(hua)源遠流長。木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)是神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)(jia)林區的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)重鎮(zhen)(zhen)。唐代(dai)陸羽(yu)(733—804)在(zai)《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)徑》中稱:“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)為飲、發(fa)(fa)乎神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏”;“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)者南方之(zhi)(zhi)嘉木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)也,巴山(shan)、峽(xia)川有(you)二人合抱(bao)者”。《神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)本草(cao)經》記載(zai)(zai):“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)采(cai)藥、為民(min)療疾,日(ri)遇七十二毒,得荼而解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)”。在(zai)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)(jia)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen),至今(jin)還(huan)流傳著許多關于(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)悠美故事(shi):少(shao)女時期的(de)(de)(de)王昭君常在(zai)香(xiang)(xiang)溪河畔的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)采(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(現在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)境(jing)內(nei)),并向采(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)姑娘學唱(chang)采(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歌,昭君還(huan)把自(zi)己親自(zi)焙制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)送給四(si)鄉(xiang)八(ba)鄰的(de)(de)(de)姐妹們品(pin)嘗,那(nei)些喝過昭君贈茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)姑娘們一(yi)(yi)個(ge)個(ge)越長越美。 據現代(dai)《神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)(jia)志》記載(zai)(zai):1977年(nian)(nian),木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)總(zong)(zong)面積有(you)3735畝(mu),年(nian)(nian)產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉3.09萬(wan)公斤。因制(zhi)作(zuo)技術落(luo)后(hou),商品(pin)率低(di)。1985年(nian)(nian)后(hou),重視茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)改造(zao),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉生(sheng)產(chan)逐(zhu)年(nian)(nian)得到(dao)發(fa)(fa)展。1986年(nian)(nian),在(zai)湖北(bei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)科院果茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)研究所的(de)(de)(de)指導下,陸續制(zhi)作(zuo)出(chu)了木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)優(you)品(pin)牌,如“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)(qi)峰(feng)(feng)”、“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)碧峰(feng)(feng)”等。其(qi)中“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)(qi)峰(feng)(feng)”茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)于(yu)1992年(nian)(nian)被省(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)牧(mu)廳確定為“湖北(bei)名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”,原(yuan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業部部長何康品(pin)嘗“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)(qi)峰(feng)(feng)”后(hou),贊不絕口(kou),親筆題(ti)下“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)(qi)峰(feng)(feng)”四(si)字。2007年(nian)(nian),神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)(jia)開展農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業野生(sheng)種質資源調查過程中,在(zai)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)山(shan)老(lao)林中發(fa)(fa)現有(you)野生(sheng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹群落(luo),據當地(di)八(ba)十多歲老(lao)人反(fan)映,過去(qu)有(you)很多野生(sheng)大茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)將其(qi)做檁條或解(jie)成椽(chuan)子做建房材料。悠久的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷(li)史,動人的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)故事(shi),充(chong)分(fen)說(shuo)明(ming)神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)(jia)產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷(li)史悠久,是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)源地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。目(mu)前,神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)(jia)林區茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉種植總(zong)(zong)面積近2萬(wan)畝(mu),70%以上(shang)集中在(zai)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen),木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)可(ke)采(cai)摘面積1.2萬(wan)畝(mu),年(nian)(nian)產(chan)量100噸(dun)左右。木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分(fen)芽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)和炒(chao)青兩(liang)種。芽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(其(qi)商品(pin)名(ming)為“神(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)(qi)峰(feng)(feng)”)外形(xing)呈扁形(xing),干葉白(bai)毫附體,色澤翠綠(lv)(lv),香(xiang)(xiang)氣栗香(xiang)(xiang)持久,湯(tang)色黃(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)亮,葉底(di)嫩黃(huang)均整,滋味(wei)醇厚(hou)回甘。炒(chao)青為一(yi)(yi)芽一(yi)(yi)葉或一(yi)(yi)芽二葉,外形(xing)呈條形(xing),干葉緊(jin)實墨綠(lv)(lv),清香(xiang)(xiang),湯(tang)色黃(huang)綠(lv)(lv),滋味(wei)鮮爽醇厚(hou),葉底(di)黃(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)亮。木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)內(nei)質豐富,含天然硒元素,水浸(jin)出(chu)物≧35%,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚≧12%,氨基酸≧4.0%。深(shen)山(shan)云霧出(chu)好茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)平均海(hai)拔1200米,森(sen)林覆蓋率88.6%,常年(nian)(nian)云霧繚繞,區域內(nei)無(wu)工礦企業,無(wu)“三廢”污(wu)染,空氣清新(xin),水質清潔,土(tu)壤肥沃,優(you)越的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)造(zao)就了木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質,產(chan)品(pin)深(shen)受各地(di)游(you)客(ke)青睞,暢銷武漢、上(shang)海(hai)、北(bei)京、深(shen)圳(zhen)等多個(ge)大中城市(shi)及日(ri)本、韓國、臺灣等國家和地(di)區。 木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)于(yu)2013年(nian)(nian)12月30日(ri)通過農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業部認證(zheng)頒證(zheng),登記證(zheng)書編(bian)號為:AGIO1323.
木(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)是湖北(bei)省神農(nong)架(jia)林區(qu)木(mu)(mu)魚(yu)鎮的特產(chan)。木(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)干葉白(bai)毫附體,色澤(ze)翠綠(lv)(lv),香(xiang)氣栗(li)香(xiang)持久,湯色黃綠(lv)(lv)明亮(liang),葉底嫩黃均整,滋味(wei)醇厚(hou)回甜,品(pin)質(zhi)特征顯著(zhu)。木(mu)(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)是國家農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地理標志保護產(chan)品(pin)。
木魚鎮地處(chu)神農(nong)架(jia)南(nan)部,海(hai)拔1200米(mi),年均(jun)氣溫11.6℃,最熱(re)月(yue)均(jun)溫度22℃,極端高溫33℃,最冷月(yue)均(jun)溫1.2℃。極端低溫-10.6℃,無霜期217天,年降雨量1000毫升,屬(shu)于典型的北(bei)(bei)亞熱(re)季風性濕潤氣候類型,四季宜(yi)人(ren),長期可居(ju)。東(dong)南(nan)與興山縣、西(xi)(xi)南(nan)與巴東(dong)縣接壤,西(xi)(xi)與神農(nong)架(jia)林區下谷鄉(xiang)、西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)與紅坪(ping)鎮、東(dong)北(bei)(bei)與宋洛鄉(xiang)連接。
神農架地理位置特殊,生態(tai)環境優越,是發展綠色食(shi)品、有機食(shi)品的理想場所,木(mu)魚綠茶干葉白毫(hao)附體(ti),色澤翠綠,香氣栗香持久,湯(tang)色黃綠明亮,葉底嫩黃均整(zheng),滋(zi)味醇(chun)厚回甜(tian),品質特征顯(xian)著。
2013年(nian),湖北神(shen)農架林(lin)區深(shen)山茶業(ye)專業(ye)合作(zuo)社申(shen)報的“木魚綠茶”通過農業(ye)部農產(chan)品質量(liang)安全中心審查(cha)和組織(zhi)專家評審,實施(shi)國家農產(chan)品地理標(biao)志登記(ji)保護。
地域范圍
木(mu)魚(yu)綠茶(cha)的(de)產地范圍為(wei)神(shen)農架現今行政區(qu)劃(hua)的(de)木(mu)魚(yu)全鎮(zhen)。木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)是(shi)湖北(bei)省省級(ji)旅游明星(xing)鎮(zhen),位于(yu)神(shen)農架林區(qu)南(nan)部,地理(li)坐標東(dong)經(jing)110°21ˊ~110°36ˊ,北(bei)緯31°19ˊ~31°31ˊ,總面積437平方公里(li),轄8個(ge)行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),分別是(shi):青天(tian)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、木(mu)魚(yu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、小(xiao)當陽村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、青峰村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、紅花(hua)坪(ping)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、茅胡村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、三堆河村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、九沖村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun);2個(ge)居(ju)委會,分別是(shi)木(mu)魚(yu)坪(ping)居(ju)委會、紅花(hua)坪(ping)居(ju)委會。海(hai)拔600~1400米,南(nan)接宜昌興山(shan)縣(xian),北(bei)接林區(qu)紅坪(ping)鎮(zhen),東(dong)接林區(qu)宋洛鄉,西接林區(qu)下谷坪(ping)少數民族自(zi)治鄉。目前茶(cha)葉種植(zhi)面積1.2萬畝(mu),總產量100噸左右。