一、品質特點
“梧(wu)桐山藥(yao)”產(chan)于(yu)山西省(sheng)孝義市梧(wu)桐鎮一帶,是當(dang)地(di)知名產(chan)品(pin)(pin),栽(zai)培歷史悠久。據(ju)史料(liao)記(ji)載,公元15世(shi)紀起(qi)(明清起(qi))即有(you)大面積種植;在(zai)清代,因(yin)其(qi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)具有(you)肉質(zhi)極白(bai),質(zhi)脆,易熟,黏(nian)質(zhi)多,黏(nian)絲不易拉斷,入口甜綿,營養豐富等特點,曾(ceng)長期(qi)被作(zuo)為(wei)朝(chao)廷(ting)貢品(pin)(pin),素有(you)“地(di)下人參”的(de)美稱。 據(ju)國家農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)檢(jian)測中心檢(jian)測,該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)維生(sheng)素C含量(liang)173mg/kg,蛋白(bai)質(zhi)33.5g/kg,氨(an)基酸(suan)17.4g/kg,磷48g/kg,鉀5850mg/kg,鎂256mg/kg,鈣(gai)169mg/kg,硒0.028mg/kg,均高(gao)于(yu)普通產(chan)品(pin)(pin)均值。
二、產地環境
梧桐(tong)(tong)鎮黃土臺塬區和(he)平(ping)川區,地(di)勢平(ping)坦(tan),土地(di)肥沃,水(shui)(shui)(shui)利條件較好。梧桐(tong)(tong)鎮屬溫帶大(da)(da)陸性(xing)半干旱氣候,四季分明。春(chun)季風大(da)(da)少雨(yu),夏季炎熱多雨(yu),秋季涼爽(shuang)濕潤,冬季寒冷少雪(xue)。年(nian)平(ping)均氣溫9-10℃,多年(nian)平(ping)均無霜(shuang)期為175天。年(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)450-500毫米(mi),年(nian)內降(jiang)雨(yu)多集中在7、8、9三個月份,月降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)最大(da)(da)達(da)91.5mm。主(zhu)導風向為北及西(xi)北風,8級以上的大(da)(da)風多出現在4月份。梧桐(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系屬于汾河流域(yu),主(zhu)要有孝(xiao)河、曹溪河、白溝河、王馬河,均為季節性(xing)河流,梧桐(tong)(tong)鎮屬富(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)區,地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)比較豐富(fu),地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)標高735-770米(mi)。
三、自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素(su)
梧(wu)桐山藥產(chan)區(qu)氣候(hou)(hou)屬(shu)溫(wen)帶大陸性半干旱(han)氣候(hou)(hou),四季(ji)分(fen)明(ming)。年(nian)平均(jun)氣溫(wen)9--10℃,多(duo)年(nian)平均(jun)無霜期(qi)為175天。年(nian)平均(jun)降水量450—500毫米(mi),年(nian)內降雨多(duo)集中在(zai)7、8、9三個月份,月降雨量最大達91.5mm。梧(wu)桐水系(xi)屬(shu)于汾河(he)流域,梧(wu)桐鎮屬(shu)富(fu)水區(qu),地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水資源(yuan)比(bi)較(jiao)豐富(fu),產(chan)區(qu)區(qu)屬(shu)平川區(qu),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平坦,土地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥沃,水利條件較(jiao)好(hao)。區(qu)內由(you)西(xi)向(xiang)東(dong)基(ji)本上呈北東(dong)、東(dong)南的單斜構造,地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)出露主(zhu)要為古生界(jie)(jie)和新生界(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),自上而(er)下(xia),從老到新包括奧陶系(xi)海相沉(chen)積地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)石碳(tan)系(xi),二選系(xi)碎屑巖類地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)以及新生界(jie)(jie)不同成因類型的松(song)散(san)沉(chen)積層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)堆積地(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。區(qu)內由(you)西(xi)向(xiang)東(dong)基(ji)本上呈北東(dong)、東(dong)南的單斜構造,產(chan)區(qu)屬(shu)平川區(qu),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平坦,土地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥沃。
四、地域范圍
梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)山(shan)(shan)藥產于山(shan)(shan)西省孝義市梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鎮。梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)山(shan)(shan)藥地(di)理標志(zhi)的保護(hu)范圍(wei)是(shi):東(dong)經112°28′16"至112°25′54",北緯37°38′57"至37°45′11"。保護(hu)的具(ju)體地(di)域(yu)是(shi):中梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、南(nan)梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、北梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、東(dong)梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、仁順(shun)、西王(wang)屯、東(dong)王(wang)屯,共7個行政(zheng)村。梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)山(shan)(shan)藥產地(di)位于東(dong)部為平川(chuan)區,屬山(shan)(shan)西臺(tai)背斜及新(xin)生(sheng)代內陸斷陷盆地(di)(即太原盆地(di)的西南(nan)緣,呂(lv)梁臺(tai)背斜的東(dong)翼)。區內由(you)西向東(dong)基本(ben)上呈北東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)的單(dan)斜構造(zao),地(di)層(ceng)出露(lu)主要為古生(sheng)界和新(xin)生(sheng)界地(di)層(ceng),地(di)勢平坦(tan),土地(di)肥沃,水利條(tiao)件較好。保護(hu)規模是(shi)80公(gong)頃。
五(wu)、產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征
1、產(chan)(chan)品品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特(te)色外在(zai)感觀(guan)特(te)征:梧(wu)桐山藥(yao)栽(zai)培歷史悠久,其產(chan)(chan)品具有(you)肉質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)極白,質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脆,易熟(shu),粘質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多,粘絲不易拉(la)斷,入口甜(tian)綿,品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優良等(deng)特(te)性。內在(zai)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)測定:經譜尼公司(si)檢(jian)測,梧(wu)桐山藥(yao)所含有(you)的維生素(su)(su)(su)C、蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、氨基酸、磷元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su)(su)、鉀(jia)元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su)(su)、鎂元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su)(su)、鈣(gai)元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su)(su)、硒(xi)元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su)(su)指標均(jun)超過普通產(chan)(chan)品。
2、質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)規(gui)(gui)定產地選擇:產地環境質(zhi)量(liang)符(fu)合《無公害(hai)山藥產地環境條件》(NYNY5010—2001)的(de)要求。生產過程(cheng)(cheng)管理:梧桐山藥的(de)生產過程(cheng)(cheng)必須(xu)嚴格按照(zhao)《孝義市優(you)質(zhi)無公害(hai)山藥生產技術(shu)規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)》執行。產品質(zhi)量(liang):梧桐山藥的(de)產品質(zhi)量(liang)要求應符(fu)合《中華人民共和國農業行業標準(zhun)NYT 1065-2006 山藥等(deng)級規(gui)(gui)格》的(de)規(gui)(gui)定。