一、品質特點
“梧(wu)桐山(shan)藥”產(chan)(chan)(chan)于山(shan)西省(sheng)孝義市梧(wu)桐鎮一(yi)帶,是當(dang)地知名(ming)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品,栽培(pei)歷(li)史悠久。據(ju)史料記載,公元15世紀起(明清起)即有大面積種(zhong)植;在清代,因(yin)其產(chan)(chan)(chan)品具(ju)有肉(rou)質(zhi)(zhi)極白(bai),質(zhi)(zhi)脆,易(yi)熟(shu),黏質(zhi)(zhi)多(duo),黏絲不易(yi)拉(la)斷,入(ru)口甜(tian)綿,營養豐富等特點,曾長(chang)期被作為朝(chao)廷(ting)貢品,素有“地下人參”的美稱(cheng)。 據(ju)國家(jia)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品檢(jian)(jian)測中心檢(jian)(jian)測,該產(chan)(chan)(chan)品維生素C含(han)量173mg/kg,蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)33.5g/kg,氨基酸17.4g/kg,磷48g/kg,鉀5850mg/kg,鎂256mg/kg,鈣169mg/kg,硒0.028mg/kg,均高于普通產(chan)(chan)(chan)品均值。
二、產地環境
梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)黃土臺塬區和平川區,地勢平坦,土地肥(fei)沃(wo),水(shui)利條(tiao)件較(jiao)好。梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)屬溫帶大陸性半干(gan)旱(han)氣候,四季分明。春季風大少(shao)雨,夏(xia)季炎熱多(duo)雨,秋(qiu)季涼爽濕潤,冬季寒冷少(shao)雪。年(nian)平均氣溫9-10℃,多(duo)年(nian)平均無霜期為(wei)175天。年(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量450-500毫米,年(nian)內降(jiang)(jiang)雨多(duo)集(ji)中在7、8、9三(san)個月(yue)份,月(yue)降(jiang)(jiang)雨量最大達91.5mm。主導風向為(wei)北及西北風,8級以上的大風多(duo)出現(xian)在4月(yue)份。梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)系屬于汾河(he)流(liu)域,主要有孝河(he)、曹溪河(he)、白溝河(he)、王馬河(he),均為(wei)季節性河(he)流(liu),梧(wu)(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)屬富水(shui)區,地下(xia)(xia)水(shui)資源比(bi)較(jiao)豐富,地下(xia)(xia)水(shui)標(biao)高735-770米。
三、自然生態環境和(he)人文(wen)歷史因素(su)
梧(wu)桐(tong)山藥產(chan)(chan)區氣候屬(shu)溫帶大陸(lu)性半干旱氣候,四季分(fen)明。年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣溫9--10℃,多年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均無霜(shuang)期(qi)為(wei)175天。年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均降水(shui)量(liang)450—500毫米,年內(nei)(nei)降雨多集中(zhong)在7、8、9三(san)個月份(fen),月降雨量(liang)最大達91.5mm。梧(wu)桐(tong)水(shui)系(xi)屬(shu)于汾河(he)流域(yu),梧(wu)桐(tong)鎮屬(shu)富水(shui)區,地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)資源比較豐(feng)富,產(chan)(chan)區區屬(shu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)川(chuan)(chuan)區,地(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)(ping)坦,土地(di)(di)肥(fei)沃,水(shui)利條件(jian)較好。區內(nei)(nei)由西向東(dong)基(ji)本(ben)上呈(cheng)北東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)的(de)(de)單斜構造(zao),地(di)(di)層(ceng)出露主要為(wei)古生(sheng)界和(he)新(xin)生(sheng)界地(di)(di)層(ceng),自上而下(xia),從老到新(xin)包括奧陶系(xi)海相沉積(ji)地(di)(di)層(ceng)石(shi)碳系(xi),二選系(xi)碎屑巖類地(di)(di)層(ceng)以(yi)及新(xin)生(sheng)界不同成因類型的(de)(de)松散沉積(ji)層(ceng)堆積(ji)地(di)(di)層(ceng)。區內(nei)(nei)由西向東(dong)基(ji)本(ben)上呈(cheng)北東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)的(de)(de)單斜構造(zao),產(chan)(chan)區屬(shu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)川(chuan)(chuan)區,地(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)(ping)坦,土地(di)(di)肥(fei)沃。
四、地域范圍
梧(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥產于山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省孝(xiao)義市梧(wu)桐(tong)鎮(zhen)。梧(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥地(di)理標志的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)范圍是:東(dong)(dong)(dong)經112°28′16"至(zhi)(zhi)112°25′54",北緯37°38′57"至(zhi)(zhi)37°45′11"。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的具體地(di)域(yu)是:中梧(wu)桐(tong)、南梧(wu)桐(tong)、北梧(wu)桐(tong)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)梧(wu)桐(tong)、仁順(shun)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)王(wang)屯、東(dong)(dong)(dong)王(wang)屯,共7個行政村。梧(wu)桐(tong)山(shan)藥產地(di)位(wei)于東(dong)(dong)(dong)部為平川區,屬山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)臺背(bei)斜及新生(sheng)代內陸斷陷盆地(di)(即太原盆地(di)的西(xi)(xi)(xi)南緣,呂梁(liang)臺背(bei)斜的東(dong)(dong)(dong)翼)。區內由西(xi)(xi)(xi)向東(dong)(dong)(dong)基本上呈北東(dong)(dong)(dong)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)南的單斜構造(zao),地(di)層出露主(zhu)要為古生(sheng)界和新生(sheng)界地(di)層,地(di)勢平坦,土地(di)肥沃,水利條件(jian)較(jiao)好。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規(gui)模是80公頃。
五、產品品質特性(xing)特征
1、產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特色外在感觀特征:梧(wu)(wu)桐山藥(yao)(yao)栽(zai)培歷史悠久,其產品(pin)具有(you)肉質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)極白,質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脆,易(yi)熟(shu),粘(zhan)(zhan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo),粘(zhan)(zhan)絲不易(yi)拉斷,入口(kou)甜綿(mian),品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)良等特性(xing)。內(nei)在品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)測定:經譜(pu)尼公司(si)檢測,梧(wu)(wu)桐山藥(yao)(yao)所含有(you)的(de)維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)(su)C、蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、氨基酸、磷(lin)元(yuan)素(su)(su)、鉀元(yuan)素(su)(su)、鎂元(yuan)素(su)(su)、鈣元(yuan)素(su)(su)、硒元(yuan)素(su)(su)指標均超過普(pu)通產品(pin)。
2、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安全規(gui)定(ding)產(chan)(chan)地選擇:產(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)符合《無公害山(shan)藥產(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境條件》(NYNY5010—2001)的要求(qiu)(qiu)。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)管理:梧(wu)桐山(shan)藥的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)必(bi)須嚴格按照《孝義市優質(zhi)(zhi)無公害山(shan)藥生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術規(gui)程(cheng)》執行。產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang):梧(wu)桐山(shan)藥的產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)要求(qiu)(qiu)應符合《中華人民共(gong)和國農(nong)業(ye)行業(ye)標準NYT 1065-2006 山(shan)藥等級規(gui)格》的規(gui)定(ding)。