一.產品介紹
很早(zao)以(yi)前,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)片廣袤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始大(da)(da)(da)森林(lin),林(lin)木參(can)天,是(shi)(shi)獐狍麋鹿出沒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)。1900年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)鐵(tie)路修到(dao)(dao)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)時,當(dang)(dang)(dang)時這里(li)只有(you)(you)(you)三(san)五戶(hu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)家(jia),他(ta)們(men)(men)住在(zai)(zai)(zai)馬(ma)架子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)或地(di)窨子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)里(li)以(yi)跑(pao)山(shan)(shan)和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)田為(wei)(wei)生(sheng),還(huan)沒有(you)(you)(you)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)落(luo),更(geng)談不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)有(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)字(zi)可言(yan)。傳說(shuo),兩(liang)名(ming)(ming)沙俄筑路工人(ren)(ren)(ren)彼(bi)(bi)得(de)羅夫和(he)伊(yi)萬諾夫拖著(zhu)疲憊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)坐在(zai)(zai)(zai)草叢中(zhong)(zhong)午餐時,望著(zhu)漫山(shan)(shan)遍野的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)丁子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樹彼(bi)(bi)得(de)羅夫興奮地(di)說(shuo):“伙(huo)(huo)計,你(ni)看(kan)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)串(chuan)串(chuan)山(shan)(shan)丁子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),多(duo)像一(yi)(yi)(yi)盞盞小紅(hong)(hong)燈(deng)籠,多(duo)美呀!”伊(yi)萬諾夫道(dao):“米丘林(lin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)這里(li)就(jiu)(jiu)好(hao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le),把(ba)(ba)它們(men)(men)都嫁接(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蘋果(guo)樹,這里(li)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘋果(guo)園。”彼(bi)(bi)得(de)羅夫高興地(di)跳了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)起來(lai)(lai)(lai),大(da)(da)(da)聲(sheng)喊道(dao):“哈(ha)拉少,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洛尼!”于是(shi)(shi),亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洛尼竟然成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個城鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)字(zi)。1931年(nian)(nian)(nian)偽(wei)滿政(zheng)府把(ba)(ba)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洛尼譯(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)牙不(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)建國(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)把(ba)(ba)它規(gui)范(fan)為(wei)(wei)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。1901年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)鐵(tie)路西部(bu)(bu)線(xian)經亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)站(zhan)與東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)線(xian)石頭(tou)河子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)站(zhan)接(jie)軌(gui)后(hou)(hou),山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)、河南、河北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)闖(chuang)關(guan)東(dong)(dong)移民(min)陸續來(lai)(lai)(lai)到(dao)(dao)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)謀生(sheng),這時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)已(yi)經發(fa)(fa)(fa)展成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)百戶(hu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)村(cun)落(luo)。大(da)(da)(da)家(jia)知(zhi)道(dao),東(dong)(dong)北大(da)(da)(da)森林(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林(lin)區(qu)(qu)和(he)農村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蚊(wen)蟲,瞎虻(牛(niu),馬(ma),羊身(shen)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de))特(te)別(bie)多(duo),尤其(qi)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)叫小咬(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蚊(wen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),鋪(pu)天蓋地(di)“嗡(weng)、嗡(weng)、嗡(weng)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滿天飛,讓你(ni)防不(bu)(bu)勝防,直往(wang)身(shen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)叮,趕(gan)(gan)走這伙(huo)(huo)又(you)(you)來(lai)(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)那(nei)伙(huo)(huo),咬(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)奇(qi)癢不(bu)(bu)止。奇(qi)怪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)蚊(wen)蠅(ying)怕(pa)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),抽(chou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)招小咬(yao),那(nei)時大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)幾乎都抽(chou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),不(bu)(bu)分男女,兜里(li)揣(chuai)個煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)荷包,腰間(jian)掖桿煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)袋。一(yi)(yi)(yi)到(dao)(dao)歇氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候,便(bian)拽(zhuai)出煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)袋,裝上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),吧(ba)嗒(da)吧(ba)嗒(da)地(di)抽(chou)起來(lai)(lai)(lai),既起到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)解乏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用,又(you)(you)驅趕(gan)(gan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)蚊(wen)蠅(ying)。再是(shi)(shi),森林(lin)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)蟲(蛇(she))也(ye)特(te)別(bie)多(duo),別(bie)說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le),在(zai)(zai)(zai)土道(dao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)都到(dao)(dao)處亂躥,不(bu)(bu)小心就(jiu)(jiu)會踩到(dao)(dao)腳下(xia),有(you)(you)(you)時甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)爬到(dao)(dao)屋(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)里(li),爬上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)鍋(guo)臺,爬上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)炕。特(te)別(bie)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)叫土球子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)毒蛇(she),實在(zai)(zai)(zai)厲害,不(bu)(bu)怕(pa)人(ren)(ren)(ren),在(zai)(zai)(zai)路上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)遇到(dao)(dao)后(hou)(hou),還(huan)追人(ren)(ren)(ren),很是(shi)(shi)討厭(yan)。但是(shi)(shi)東(dong)(dong)北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛇(she)最(zui)怕(pa)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)味(wei)(wei)(wei),抽(chou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),蛇(she)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)近(jin)身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)油子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)蛇(she)致命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)克星(xing),哪怕(pa)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)點點就(jiu)(jiu)可致蛇(she)于死(si)地(di)。所以(yi),很早(zao)以(yi)前,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)及(ji)周邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)黃煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)吸(xi)食(shi)黃煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習俗,是(shi)(shi)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草最(zui)早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),又(you)(you)稱(cheng)黃煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(旱煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan))。以(yi)其(qi)色(se)澤(ze)純正,香(xiang)(xiang)味(wei)(wei)(wei)濃(nong)郁,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)勁適中(zhong)(zhong)蜚聲(sheng)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)始于中(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)鐵(tie)路建成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時,是(shi)(shi)俄國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)最(zui)先在(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),故稱(cheng)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)地(di)區(qu)(qu)土地(di)肥(fei)沃,曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)茁壯,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)色(se)好(hao),葉厚,味(wei)(wei)(wei)芬芳,回(hui)味(wei)(wei)(wei)綿長(chang)(chang)(chang),不(bu)(bu)忌風,不(bu)(bu)弱火(huo)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)與吉林(lin)省(sheng)蛟河縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)我省(sheng)林(lin)口、穆棱(leng)等(deng)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),被(bei)統稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“關(guan)東(dong)(dong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian),全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)(dao)5670畝(mu)(mu)。 新中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立后(hou)(hou),隨著(zhu)運輸暢通(tong)、生(sheng)產需(xu)求和(he)大(da)(da)(da)眾(zhong)(zhong)消(xiao)費的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增加(jia),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)。種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)區(qu)(qu)域區(qu)(qu)已(yi)不(bu)(bu)限于亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),亮河、慶陽、葦河、珍(zhen)珠山(shan)(shan)、石頭(tou)河子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、魚池、元寶、長(chang)(chang)(chang)壽等(deng)地(di)亦有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)面積(ji)(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面積(ji)(ji)1950年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)6165畝(mu)(mu),1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)增加(jia)到(dao)(dao)10650畝(mu)(mu),1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)又(you)(you)增加(jia)至(zhi)(zhi)14595畝(mu)(mu),3年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)近(jin)2倍(bei)(bei),曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)經濟作(zuo)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商品(pin)效(xiao)益逐步突出。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后(hou)(hou),由(you)(you)于土地(di)入股(gu)、集體經營、計劃種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi),曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面積(ji)(ji)急劇(ju)下(xia)降(jiang),到(dao)(dao)1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)3600畝(mu)(mu),1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)跌至(zhi)(zhi)1785畝(mu)(mu)。其(qi)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian),面積(ji)(ji)雖有(you)(you)(you)所回(hui)升(sheng),但總在(zai)(zai)(zai)3000-5000畝(mu)(mu)之間(jian)徘徊。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪茄煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)投產后(hou)(hou),大(da)(da)(da)量收購(gou)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),激發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)(ji)極性。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面積(ji)(ji)猛(meng)增到(dao)(dao)9971畝(mu)(mu),比1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3105畝(mu)(mu)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)2倍(bei)(bei)多(duo),被(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)列為(wei)(wei)名(ming)(ming)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)黑龍(long)江(jiang)省(sheng)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)商品(pin)基地(di)。由(you)(you)于國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)大(da)(da)(da)量削減(jian)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草企(qi)業,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪茄煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)被(bei)指令停(ting)產,使全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)急劇(ju)減(jian)少,1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)4476畝(mu)(mu)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)稍(shao)有(you)(you)(you)回(hui)升(sheng),增至(zhi)(zhi)5411畝(mu)(mu)。由(you)(you)于亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)早(zao)已(yi)聞名(ming)(ming)全國(guo)(guo)(guo),加(jia)之市(shi)(shi)場(chang)開放(fang),流(liu)通(tong)渠道(dao)暢通(tong),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉外銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)形勢(shi)看(kan)好(hao),近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai)(lai)有(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)面積(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)色(se)澤(ze)黃中(zhong)(zhong)透紅(hong)(hong),抽(chou)起來(lai)(lai)(lai)有(you)(you)(you)串(chuan)味(wei)(wei)(wei),沁人(ren)(ren)(ren)心脾,提(ti)神養氣(qi)。它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)灰是(shi)(shi)白色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不(bu)(bu)截火(huo),香(xiang)(xiang)味(wei)(wei)(wei)濃(nong)烈。在(zai)(zai)(zai)當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)流(liu)傳一(yi)(yi)(yi)句(ju)話:寧抽(chou)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),不(bu)(bu)抽(chou)紅(hong)(hong)塔山(shan)(shan),足以(yi)說(shuo)明亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)位(wei)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)曾是(shi)(shi)制作(zuo)老(lao)巴奪牌(pai)(pai)香(xiang)(xiang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要原料。老(lao)巴奪煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)香(xiang)(xiang)味(wei)(wei)(wei)醇美、獨特(te),在(zai)(zai)(zai)眾(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)香(xiang)(xiang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)中(zhong)(zhong)獨具風格(ge),產品(pin)除供(gong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內市(shi)(shi)場(chang)外,還(huan)曾遠銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)俄羅斯及(ji)歐洲市(shi)(shi)場(chang)。老(lao)巴奪現在(zai)(zai)(zai)仍然是(shi)(shi)哈(ha)爾濱煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai),并(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)此基礎上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)又(you)(you)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)出靈(ling)芝、侯爵、哈(ha)爾濱等(deng)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)革(ge)命老(lao)區(qu)(qu),也(ye)是(shi)(shi)抗(kang)聯(lian)戰斗過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)抗(kang)聯(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個軍就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)七(qi)個軍在(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)活(huo)動(dong)過(guo),這里(li)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)抗(kang)聯(lian)三(san)軍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根據(ju)地(di),軍長(chang)(chang)(chang)趙(zhao)尚(shang)志率(lv)部(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)打了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)無數(shu)次漂亮仗,夜襲亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),激戰鍋(guo)盔山(shan)(shan),巧(qiao)端石門溝軍馬(ma)場(chang)等(deng)等(deng),至(zhi)(zhi)今被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)傳為(wei)(wei)佳(jia)話。抗(kang)日傳奇(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物“雙龍(long)”汪雅臣、“怪俠(xia)”劉方(fang)(fang)心,他(ta)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事跡仍然銘刻(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)老(lao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)輩人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心中(zhong)(zhong)。央視熱播的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電視連續劇(ju)《闖(chuang)關(guan)東(dong)(dong)》里(li),劇(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物垛爺多(duo)次提(ti)到(dao)(dao)朱開山(shan)(shan)送他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”,說(shuo)抽(chou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)口,是(shi)(shi)多(duo)么(me)多(duo)么(me)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)神和(he)好(hao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺詞。其(qi)實,早(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)九十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)代初期,著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)歌(ge)(ge)手李娜(na)演唱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電視連續劇(ju)《趙(zhao)尚(shang)志》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)題歌(ge)(ge)中(zhong)(zhong),通(tong)過(guo)“抽(chou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)口亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),吧(ba)嗒(da)吧(ba)嗒(da)嘴”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)詞,把(ba)(ba)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)唱響海內外,使很多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都熟悉知(zhi)道(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)名(ming)(ming)聲(sheng)不(bu)(bu)減(jian)當(dang)(dang)(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian);作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)經濟作(zuo)物種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da),產值增加(jia)。百年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滄桑歷史,見證了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優良品(pin)質(zhi)。目前種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)更(geng)加(jia)科學(xue)化、產品(pin)供(gong)不(bu)(bu)應求,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)秋就(jiu)(jiu)出現了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)來(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)各地(di)經銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)商站(zhan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)頭(tou)收購(gou)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。
二.自然生態環境(jing)和人文歷史因素
尚志市地處山(shan)區,境內群山(shan)連(lian)綿,森林茂(mao)密,河(he)流縱橫,風光秀麗,森林覆蓋率63.9%。這里春季繁花似錦,夏(xia)季蒼山(shan)滴翠,秋季霜葉似火(huo),冬季銀裝(zhuang)素裹。獨(du)特的自(zi)然生態(tai)環境和區域性小(xiao)氣(qi)候非常適合煙草生長。
1、氣候情(qing)況:尚志市屬溫帶大陸(lu)性季(ji)(ji)風氣候,具有“春季(ji)(ji)少雨(yu)(yu)而低溫,夏季(ji)(ji)溫熱而多雨(yu)(yu),秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)霜早降溫快,冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷而漫(man)長(chang)”的特點。全(quan)年(nian)日照時數在2450-2600小時之(zhi)間(jian)。≥10℃年(nian)積溫2300-2600℃之(zhi)間(jian),無霜期105-125天左(zuo)右(you),年(nian)總射量為115-120千卡/小時之(zhi)間(jian),光能利用率約為0.5%,平均相對濕(shi)度(du)73%。雨(yu)(yu)熱同季(ji)(ji),有利于作物生長(chang)。
2、水文情況:尚(shang)志境內河(he)網密布,地表水資源豐富,水質(zhi)優良。以螞蟻河(he)、阿什河(he)、忙牛(niu)河(he)三大水系為主。全市水資源總量(liang)多年平均為24.63億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),年平均徑流(liu)量(liang)23.35億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),多年平均利用量(liang)2.2億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi), 年平均降(jiang)水量(liang)660.9毫米(mi),作(zuo)物生(sheng)長季節降(jiang)水量(liang)達到577.3毫米(mi),占(zhan)全年降(jiang)水量(liang)的87.4%,7-8兩月(yue)降(jiang)水集中。
3、生(sheng)態資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)情況:尚志市(shi)自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)豐富(fu)(fu),尤以森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)為最。森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)經營面積64萬(wan)公頃,森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)覆(fu)蓋(gai)率較高(gao),活立(li)(li)木蓄積量6300萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi),年采伐量50萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi),是(shi)黑龍(long)江省(sheng)的(de)重點(dian)林(lin)(lin)區之一。森(sen)(sen)(sen)林(lin)(lin)的(de)代表(biao)群落是(shi)紅松闊(kuo)葉混交林(lin)(lin),盛產水曲柳、黃菠蘿和(he)松、椴、榆等幾十(shi)種珍貴樹種。尚志市(shi)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)植物資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)豐富(fu)(fu),有(you)(you)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)植物850余(yu)種。深(shen)山密林(lin)(lin)有(you)(you)人參、五味子、刺五加等50余(yu)種名貴野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)中草藥;元蘑、刺嫩芽、蕨菜、薇(wei)菜等30多種山野(ye)(ye)菜;獼(mi)猴桃、山葡(pu)萄等15種山野(ye)(ye)果。尚志市(shi)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)動物達680余(yu)種,有(you)(you)鹿(lu)、熊(xiong)、狐、野(ye)(ye)豬、狍子、飛龍(long)、野(ye)(ye)鴨(ya)等珍稀獸禽;水生(sheng)動物有(you)(you)細(xi)鱗魚,兩棲爬行動物有(you)(you)林(lin)(lin)蛙(wa)等。境內設有(you)(you)中國林(lin)(lin)蛙(wa)保護基地,生(sheng)態環境極為優良(liang)。
4、地(di)形地(di)貌情況:尚志市(shi)(shi)是一個山地(di)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)、河谷相間的(de)“八山半水分半田”的(de)山區(qu)縣市(shi)(shi)。全(quan)市(shi)(shi)山地(di)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)占(zhan)80%,平原(yuan)、坡崗(gang)占(zhan)15%,水庫(ku)、河流、泡澤等占(zhan)5%。全(quan)市(shi)(shi)地(di)勢東高(gao)西低。東部為山區(qu),海拔(ba)(ba)1000至1600米(mi),三禿(tu)頂子山為最高(gao)峰,海拔(ba)(ba)1567.6米(mi)。西部為丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling),海拔(ba)(ba)在300至500米(mi)之間。螞蟻河流域屬沖積平原(yuan),為全(quan)市(shi)(shi)最低點,海拔(ba)(ba)116米(mi)。境內四(si)周環山,丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)起伏,河網(wang)密(mi)布,丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)、漫崗(gang)地(di)區(qu)多為暗棕壤和白(bai)漿土,土層厚度一般為10至30厘(li)米(mi),表層有(you)機質含(han)量為2.5-6.1%,有(you)利于(yu)煙(yan)草種植。
三.地域范圍
尚志市位于(yu)黑龍(long)江省東(dong)南部,張廣才嶺西麓(lu)。全市轄10鎮(zhen)、7鄉、162個行政村,總人(ren)口62萬(wan)人(ren),其中農業人(ren)口30萬(wan)人(ren)。亞(ya)布力曬(shai)煙地理標(biao)志地域保(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍為(wei)東(dong)經127°17'-129°12',北緯44°29'-45°34'之間,主要是(shi)尚志境內(nei)亞(ya)布力鎮(zhen)、石(shi)頭(tou)河子(zi)鎮(zhen)、亮河鎮(zhen)、慶陽鎮(zhen)、帽(mao)兒山鎮(zhen)、長(chang)壽鄉、黑龍(long)宮鎮(zhen)、元寶鎮(zhen)、一(yi)面坡鎮(zhen)、尚志鎮(zhen)、烏吉密(mi)鄉、魚池(chi)鄉、河東(dong)鄉、馬延鄉、老街基鄉、葦河鎮(zhen)、珍珠山鄉等17個鄉鎮(zhen),地域保(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍面積(ji)為(wei)891000公頃,地域內(nei)亞(ya)布力曬(shai)煙種植面積(ji)為(wei)2000公頃,年產(chan)量(liang)為(wei)5000噸,是(shi)全國和世界知(zhi)名的曬(shai)煙產(chan)區。
四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征
1、產(chan)(chan)品特性(xing):亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)最早產(chan)(chan)自亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力鎮(zhen)三道(dao)崴子、新華、光輝村一(yi)帶(dai),逐漸向全市區域發(fa)展,是(shi)著(zhu)名亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地。亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)醇(chun)香、味厚,吸(xi)食(shi)(shi)后(hou)嗓子不(bu)癢不(bu)疼不(bu)咳嗽,抽起來有(you)(you)串味,沁(qin)人心脾,提神養氣。它的煙(yan)(yan)灰是(shi)白色(se)(se)的,不(bu)截火(huo)。當地流傳一(yi)句話:“寧(ning)抽亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力煙(yan)(yan),不(bu)抽紅塔山(shan),足以說明亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)的品位。” 2、外在感官特征:亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)株(zhu)高適中,株(zhu)高90-120cm,有(you)(you)效葉(xie)片(pian)多,煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)兒大(da)(da)(da),肉厚,單葉(xie)較重。葉(xie)長65-75cm,寬(kuan)25-35cm,葉(xie)厚300-350μm。外觀(guan)顏色(se)(se)金黃至(zhi)桔黃,黃中透紅;色(se)(se)度飽和(he),厚薄適中,富(fu)油(you)潤;頂葉(xie)無拐(guai),葉(xie)片(pian)結構疏松、柔軟(ruan)、填充力強、彈性(xing)好(hao)、香氣足、回味綿(mian)長、刺激性(xing)小(xiao)。 3、內在品質指標(biao):亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)內含(han)成份協調,燃燒性(xing)好(hao),陰燃時間長,配(pei)伍性(xing)好(hao),可用性(xing)強,煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)安(an)(an)全性(xing)高,是(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)復合型卷煙(yan)(yan)的可靠原料。總糖大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)8 g/100g、還原糖大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)3g/100g、粗(cu)蛋白大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)19%、鉀大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)1.7%、磷大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)180mg/100g、氮大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)3%、氯小(xiao)于(yu)1%。煙(yan)(yan)質好(hao),雜氣輕。 4、安(an)(an)全要(yao)求:亞(ya)布(bu)(bu)力曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程嚴格按(an)照(zhao)GB8966-88煙(yan)(yan)草(cao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)標(biao)準執行,建立(li)食(shi)(shi)品安(an)(an)全追(zhui)溯體(ti)系,保證食(shi)(shi)品安(an)(an)全的可追(zhui)溯性(xing)。
五.特(te)定生產(chan)方(fang)式
亞布力曬煙的生(sheng)產是極講究(jiu)的,從土壤選擇、種(zhong)植時間和管理(li)方(fang)式上都有嚴格(ge)要求。
1、產地要求(qiu): 主要選擇坡度在≤15°、土壤疏(shu)松、通透(tou)性強(qiang)、排水良好,PH值5.5-6.5左右,肥力中上等地塊種煙(yan),前(qian)茬最好是谷(gu)類(lei)作物或玉米(mi)茬。環境(jing)質量要求(qiu):空氣(qi)質量符(fu)合《GB3095環境(jing)空氣(qi)質量標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》的(de)(de)規定(ding),灌溉(gai)水質量符(fu)合《GB5084農(nong)田灌溉(gai)水質標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》的(de)(de)規定(ding),土壤環境(jing)質量符(fu)合《GB15618土壤環境(jing)質量標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》的(de)(de)規定(ding)。
2、品種(zhong)范(fan)圍(wei):亞布力曬煙(yan)由煙(yan)農經過多年選(xuan)育(yu),主要為大(da)葉黃。一般選(xuan)擇生長健壯、產量(liang)高、節(jie)間適度、葉片厚(hou)薄適度、大(da)小整齊(qi)、葉脈細、耐旱、耐澇、抗(kang)病力強的煙(yan)株留種(zhong)。
3、生產控制:
A、育(yu)苗(miao) 4月5-10日(ri)開(kai)始育(yu)苗(miao),苗(miao)床一般寬100厘(li)米,采用塑料薄膜覆蓋,提高(gao)防(fang)寒(han)防(fang)凍能力。待苗(miao)長至4-5片真葉(xie)時,起苗(miao)移栽(zai)。
B、移(yi)栽 移(yi)栽方式多采用起壟(long)種植,壟(long)高20-25厘(li)米(mi)(mi),壟(long)距80厘(li)米(mi)(mi),株距50厘(li)米(mi)(mi),每畝定(ding)植1000-1200株。5月20日開(kai)始移(yi)栽。
C、施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 曬煙施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主,通常有火(huo)燒(shao)土、人糞尿、豬牛糞、餅(bing)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、草木(mu)灰等。基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)占總施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量30%-35%,追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)占65%-70%,每畝(mu)折用純氮10kg,氮、磷、鉀比例(li)為(wei)1:1:2。在煙葉(xie)打頂(ding)后,畝(mu)用磷酸二(er)氫(qing)鉀0.25kg加利煙王10ml兌(dui)水60kg噴煙葉(xie),隔(ge)7天噴一次,連噴3次。
D、病蟲(chong)害防(fang)治 蟲(chong)害主(zhu)要(yao)有小(xiao)地老虎、煙蚜(ya)等(deng),采取(qu)生(sheng)物防(fang)治;病害主(zhu)要(yao)有炭(tan)疽病、黑脛病、花葉病毒病等(deng),采取(qu)噴施75%百菌清+70%托布津(jin)(1:1)1000-1500倍液(ye)進(jin)行防(fang)治。結合(he)農業綜合(he)防(fang)治,合(he)理進(jin)行輪作倒茬,減輕病蟲(chong)害發生(sheng)。
E、打(da)(da)頂(ding)抹杈 及時打(da)(da)頂(ding)抹杈,合理留葉(xie),增(zeng)加有效葉(xie)片(pian),應留12-14片(pian)葉(xie),有利于光合作(zuo)用和通風。打(da)(da)頂(ding)后及時采用滅(mie)芽靈(ling)藥物抑芽,減(jian)少煙芽的(de)生(sheng)長(chang),促(cu)進(jin)葉(xie)片(pian)的(de)生(sheng)長(chang)及成(cheng)熟。
F、采摘及曬(shai)(shai)制。 8月下旬(xun)-9月上(shang)旬(xun),等煙(yan)(yan)葉變(bian)厚、變(bian)老、葉色轉淡黃色時,選(xuan)擇晴(qing)天分(fen)期分(fen)批采收(shou)。煙(yan)(yan)葉采收(shou)后(hou)用帶叉的木(mu)棍(gun)埋在(zai)地上(shang),在(zai)叉上(shang)橫上(shang)木(mu)棍(gun)搭(da)好煙(yan)(yan)架(jia),將(jiang)割(ge)下的煙(yan)(yan)四個葉或六個葉一把用寬心草捆(kun)扎,搭(da)在(zai)煙(yan)(yan)架(jia)上(shang)曬(shai)(shai)制,使煙(yan)(yan)葉充分(fen)吸收(shou)陽光和(he)露水。收(shou)藏,當煙(yan)(yan)葉干到金黃色,即(ji)可(ke)下架(jia),捆(kun)成把,存放在(zai)避雨(yu)通風處。 生(sheng)產(chan)記錄要求(qiu):亞布力(li)曬(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)種植完全(quan)按《尚志市(shi)無(wu)公害(hai)生(sheng)產(chan)技術管(guan)理規定》要求(qiu)執行,生(sheng)產(chan)檔案(an)全(quan)面記載(zai)并妥善(shan)保(bao)存,以備查閱。
六.包裝標識相關規(gui)定(ding)
亞布力曬煙(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)者或(huo)(huo)加工企(qi)業,在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)包(bao)裝(zhuang)上使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)已(yi)獲登(deng)記的(de)(de)亞布力曬煙(yan)標(biao)志(zhi),須向登(deng)記證書持有人(ren)提出申請,并能夠嚴(yan)格(ge)按照規定的(de)(de)質(zhi)量技術規范(fan)組織(zhi)開展生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)活動。同(tong)時(shi),生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)要產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)自(zi)登(deng)記確定的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍;已(yi)取得登(deng)記農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)資質(zhi);具有地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)市場開發經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)能力。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi),應當按照生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)年度與登(deng)記證書持有人(ren)簽訂農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)協議,在(zai)協議中載(zai)明使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)數量、范(fan)圍及相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)責任義(yi)務。加貼標(biao)志(zhi)要統(tong)一(yi)采用(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)名稱和(he)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)公共標(biao)識(shi)相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)標(biao)識(shi)標(biao)注方法。建立包(bao)裝(zhuang)標(biao)志(zhi)印(yin)刷(shua)審核備案制度和(he)標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)管(guan)理(li)制度,加強標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)監督檢查,嚴(yan)厲查處(chu)仿造(zao)、冒用(yong)(yong)、超范(fan)圍使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)等(deng)違法違規行(xing)為(wei),建立健全(quan)標(biao)志(zhi)監管(guan)長效機制。