一.產品介紹
很早(zao)(zao)以(yi)(yi)前,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)廣袤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始大(da)(da)森(sen)林,林木(mu)參天,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獐(zhang)狍(pao)麋鹿出(chu)沒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方。1900年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)鐵路(lu)修到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)(shi),當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)這(zhe)里(li)(li)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)三五戶人(ren)(ren)(ren)家,他(ta)(ta)們(men)住在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)馬架子或地(di)(di)窨子里(li)(li)以(yi)(yi)跑山(shan)(shan)(shan)和種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)田為生(sheng),還沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)形(xing)成(cheng)村落,更談(tan)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)可言。傳說,兩名(ming)(ming)(ming)沙俄筑路(lu)工人(ren)(ren)(ren)彼(bi)(bi)得羅夫(fu)(fu)和伊萬(wan)諾夫(fu)(fu)拖著(zhu)疲憊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)子坐在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)叢(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)午餐時(shi)(shi),望著(zhu)漫山(shan)(shan)(shan)遍野的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丁子樹彼(bi)(bi)得羅夫(fu)(fu)興奮地(di)(di)說:“伙(huo)計,你(ni)看(kan)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)串串山(shan)(shan)(shan)丁子,多(duo)像一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盞盞小紅燈籠,多(duo)美呀!”伊萬(wan)諾夫(fu)(fu)道:“米丘林在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)好了(le)(le)(le),把(ba)它(ta)們(men)都嫁接成(cheng)蘋果樹,這(zhe)里(li)(li)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘋果園。”彼(bi)(bi)得羅夫(fu)(fu)高(gao)興地(di)(di)跳了(le)(le)(le)起(qi)(qi)來(lai)(lai)(lai),大(da)(da)聲(sheng)喊道:“哈(ha)拉少,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洛(luo)尼(ni)(ni)!”于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洛(luo)尼(ni)(ni)竟然(ran)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)城鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字(zi)。1931年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)偽滿(man)政府把(ba)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)洛(luo)尼(ni)(ni)譯成(cheng)牙不(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建(jian)國(guo)(guo)后(hou)把(ba)它(ta)規范為亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。1901年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)鐵路(lu)西(xi)部(bu)線(xian)經(jing)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)站與(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)線(xian)石頭(tou)河子站接軌后(hou),山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)、河南、河北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)闖(chuang)(chuang)關(guan)(guan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)移民陸續(xu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)謀生(sheng),這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)已經(jing)發展成(cheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)百戶人(ren)(ren)(ren)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)村落。大(da)(da)家知(zhi)道,東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)大(da)(da)森(sen)林的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林區和農(nong)村的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蚊(wen)蟲,瞎虻(牛,馬,羊身(shen)(shen)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de))特別(bie)多(duo),尤其(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)叫小咬(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蚊(wen)子,鋪天蓋地(di)(di)“嗡、嗡、嗡”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滿(man)天飛,讓你(ni)防不(bu)(bu)勝(sheng)防,直往身(shen)(shen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)叮,趕(gan)走這(zhe)伙(huo)又來(lai)(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)(le)那伙(huo),咬(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)奇癢不(bu)(bu)止。奇怪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蚊(wen)蠅怕煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),抽(chou)(chou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)招(zhao)小咬(yao),那時(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)幾(ji)乎(hu)都抽(chou)(chou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),不(bu)(bu)分男女,兜里(li)(li)揣個(ge)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)荷包,腰間(jian)掖桿煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)袋。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)歇氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候,便拽(zhuai)出(chu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)袋,裝上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),吧(ba)嗒(da)(da)吧(ba)嗒(da)(da)地(di)(di)抽(chou)(chou)起(qi)(qi)來(lai)(lai)(lai),既起(qi)(qi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)解乏(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用,又驅趕(gan)了(le)(le)(le)蚊(wen)蠅。再(zai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),森(sen)林山(shan)(shan)(shan)區里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長蟲(蛇(she))也(ye)(ye)特別(bie)多(duo),別(bie)說是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)了(le)(le)(le),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)道上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)都到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)處亂躥(cuan),不(bu)(bu)小心(xin)(xin)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會踩到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)腳(jiao)下,有(you)(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)甚(shen)至爬到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)屋子里(li)(li),爬上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)鍋(guo)臺,爬上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)炕(kang)。特別(bie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)叫土(tu)球子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)毒蛇(she),實(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)厲害,不(bu)(bu)怕人(ren)(ren)(ren),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)路(lu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)遇到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)后(hou),還追人(ren)(ren)(ren),很是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)討厭。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛇(she)最怕煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)味(wei)(wei),抽(chou)(chou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),蛇(she)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)近(jin)身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)油子是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蛇(she)致命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)克星,哪怕是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)點(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)可致蛇(she)于(yu)死地(di)(di)。所以(yi)(yi),很早(zao)(zao)以(yi)(yi)前,亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)及周邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植黃煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和吸(xi)食黃煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習俗,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)最早(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)區之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),又稱黃煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(旱煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan))。以(yi)(yi)其(qi)色澤純正(zheng),香(xiang)味(wei)(wei)濃郁,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)勁適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蜚聲(sheng)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植始于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)鐵路(lu)建(jian)成(cheng)時(shi)(shi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俄國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)最先在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),故稱亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)地(di)(di)區土(tu)地(di)(di)肥沃,曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)長勢茁壯(zhuang),成(cheng)色好,葉厚,味(wei)(wei)芬芳,回(hui)(hui)味(wei)(wei)綿長,不(bu)(bu)忌風(feng),不(bu)(bu)弱火。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)與(yu)吉林省(sheng)蛟河縣和我省(sheng)林口(kou)、穆棱(leng)等(deng)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),被(bei)統稱為“關(guan)(guan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)(quan)縣曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)5670畝(mu)(mu)。 新中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立后(hou),隨(sui)著(zhu)運輸暢通(tong)(tong)、生(sheng)產(chan)需求和大(da)(da)眾消(xiao)費的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)(da)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植區域區已不(bu)(bu)限于(yu)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),亮河、慶(qing)陽、葦河、珍珠山(shan)(shan)(shan)、石頭(tou)河子、魚池、元寶、長壽等(deng)地(di)(di)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植。全(quan)(quan)縣曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)1950年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)為6165畝(mu)(mu),1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)10650畝(mu)(mu),1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)至14595畝(mu)(mu),3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)擴大(da)(da)了(le)(le)(le)近(jin)2倍(bei),曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)經(jing)濟(ji)作(zuo)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商品(pin)效益逐步突出(chu)。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)后(hou),由(you)(you)于(yu)土(tu)地(di)(di)入股、集(ji)體經(jing)營、計劃種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)急劇(ju)下降,到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)3600畝(mu)(mu),1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)跌(die)至1785畝(mu)(mu)。其(qi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)20年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian),面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)雖有(you)(you)(you)(you)所回(hui)(hui)升,但總在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3000-5000畝(mu)(mu)之(zhi)間(jian)徘(pai)徊。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪(xue)茄煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)(chang)投產(chan)后(hou),大(da)(da)量收(shou)購(gou)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),激發了(le)(le)(le)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)性。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)縣曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)猛增(zeng)(zeng)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)9971畝(mu)(mu),比1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3105畝(mu)(mu)擴大(da)(da)了(le)(le)(le)2倍(bei)多(duo),被(bei)國(guo)(guo)家列為名(ming)(ming)(ming)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),成(cheng)為黑龍(long)江省(sheng)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)商品(pin)基地(di)(di)。由(you)(you)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)家大(da)(da)量削減煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)企業(ye),亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)雪(xue)茄煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)(chang)被(bei)指令停產(chan),使全(quan)(quan)縣曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)急劇(ju)減少,1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)4476畝(mu)(mu)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)稍有(you)(you)(you)(you)回(hui)(hui)升,增(zeng)(zeng)至5411畝(mu)(mu)。由(you)(you)于(yu)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)早(zao)(zao)已聞名(ming)(ming)(ming)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo),加(jia)之(zhi)市場開放,流通(tong)(tong)渠道暢通(tong)(tong),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉外(wai)銷(xiao)形(xing)勢看(kan)好,近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai)(lai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發展。 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)色澤黃中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)透(tou)紅,抽(chou)(chou)起(qi)(qi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)串味(wei)(wei),沁人(ren)(ren)(ren)心(xin)(xin)脾,提神養氣(qi)。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)灰是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)白色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不(bu)(bu)截火,香(xiang)味(wei)(wei)濃烈。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)當(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)流傳一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)句話:寧抽(chou)(chou)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),不(bu)(bu)抽(chou)(chou)紅塔山(shan)(shan)(shan),足以(yi)(yi)說明亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)位。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)曾(ceng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制作(zuo)老(lao)巴(ba)奪牌(pai)(pai)(pai)香(xiang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要原料。老(lao)巴(ba)奪煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)香(xiang)味(wei)(wei)醇美、獨特,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)眾多(duo)香(xiang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)獨具(ju)風(feng)格,產(chan)品(pin)除(chu)供國(guo)(guo)內(nei)市場外(wai),還曾(ceng)遠銷(xiao)俄羅斯及歐洲市場。老(lao)巴(ba)奪現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)仍然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)哈(ha)爾(er)濱煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai),并在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)又開發出(chu)靈芝、侯爵、哈(ha)爾(er)濱等(deng)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)。亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)革命老(lao)區,也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)抗聯戰斗過(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方。當(dang)(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)抗聯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)軍就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)七個(ge)軍在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)活動過(guo)(guo),這(zhe)里(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)抗聯三軍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根據地(di)(di),軍長趙尚志(zhi)率部(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)打了(le)(le)(le)無數次漂亮仗,夜襲亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),激戰鍋(guo)盔(kui)山(shan)(shan)(shan),巧端石門溝軍馬場等(deng)等(deng),至今被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)傳為佳話。抗日傳奇人(ren)(ren)(ren)物“雙龍(long)”汪雅臣、“怪俠”劉方心(xin)(xin),他(ta)(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事跡仍然(ran)銘刻在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)老(lao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輩人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。央視(shi)熱播的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電視(shi)連(lian)續(xu)劇(ju)《闖(chuang)(chuang)關(guan)(guan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)》里(li)(li),劇(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物垛爺多(duo)次提到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)朱開山(shan)(shan)(shan)送他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”,說抽(chou)(chou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)口(kou),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)么多(duo)么的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提神和好煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺詞。其(qi)實(shi)(shi),早(zao)(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)九十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代初期,著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)歌(ge)手李(li)娜演唱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電視(shi)連(lian)續(xu)劇(ju)《趙尚志(zhi)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主題歌(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)“抽(chou)(chou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)口(kou)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),吧(ba)嗒(da)(da)吧(ba)嗒(da)(da)嘴(zui)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)詞,把(ba)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)唱響(xiang)海內(nei)外(wai),使很多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都熟悉知(zhi)道了(le)(le)(le)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)作(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)聲(sheng)不(bu)(bu)減當(dang)(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian);作(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)經(jing)濟(ji)作(zuo)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)(da),產(chan)值增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滄桑歷史(shi),見證了(le)(le)(le)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優良品(pin)質。目前種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植更加(jia)科學化(hua)、產(chan)品(pin)供不(bu)(bu)應求,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)秋就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)出(chu)現了(le)(le)(le)來(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)各地(di)(di)經(jing)銷(xiao)商站在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)頭(tou)收(shou)購(gou)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。
二.自然生態環(huan)境(jing)和人文歷(li)史因素(su)
尚志市(shi)地處(chu)山區,境內群山連綿,森(sen)林茂密(mi),河流(liu)縱橫,風(feng)光秀麗,森(sen)林覆(fu)蓋率63.9%。這里春季(ji)(ji)繁花似錦,夏季(ji)(ji)蒼山滴翠(cui),秋季(ji)(ji)霜葉似火,冬季(ji)(ji)銀裝素裹。獨特的自(zi)然生態(tai)環境和區域性小(xiao)氣候非(fei)常適合(he)煙草生長。
1、氣候情況(kuang):尚(shang)志市屬溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)大陸性季(ji)風氣候,具有(you)“春季(ji)少(shao)雨(yu)而(er)低(di)溫(wen)(wen),夏季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)而(er)多雨(yu),秋季(ji)霜(shuang)早降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)快(kuai),冬季(ji)寒冷(leng)而(er)漫長”的特點(dian)。全年日照(zhao)時數在2450-2600小(xiao)時之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)。≥10℃年積溫(wen)(wen)2300-2600℃之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian),無霜(shuang)期105-125天左(zuo)右,年總射量為(wei)115-120千卡(ka)/小(xiao)時之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian),光能利用率約為(wei)0.5%,平均相(xiang)對(dui)濕度73%。雨(yu)熱(re)同(tong)季(ji),有(you)利于作物生長。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:尚志境內河(he)網密(mi)布,地表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質優良。以螞蟻河(he)、阿什(shen)河(he)、忙牛河(he)三大水(shui)(shui)(shui)系為主。全市(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)總量(liang)多年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)為24.63億(yi)立方米(mi)(mi),年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)徑流量(liang)23.35億(yi)立方米(mi)(mi),多年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)利用(yong)量(liang)2.2億(yi)立方米(mi)(mi), 年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)660.9毫(hao)米(mi)(mi),作物生長(chang)季(ji)節降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)達到577.3毫(hao)米(mi)(mi),占全年降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的87.4%,7-8兩月降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)集中。
3、生(sheng)(sheng)態資源情況:尚志市自然(ran)資源豐富(fu),尤以森(sen)(sen)林資源為最。森(sen)(sen)林經營面積(ji)64萬公頃,森(sen)(sen)林覆蓋率較(jiao)高(gao),活(huo)立木蓄積(ji)量6300萬立方(fang)米(mi),年采伐量50萬立方(fang)米(mi),是黑龍江省(sheng)的重點(dian)林區之一。森(sen)(sen)林的代表群落(luo)是紅松闊葉混交林,盛產水(shui)曲(qu)柳、黃菠蘿和松、椴、榆等(deng)(deng)(deng)幾十(shi)種珍(zhen)貴樹種。尚志市野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)資源豐富(fu),有(you)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)850余(yu)(yu)種。深山密林有(you)人參、五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)、刺五(wu)(wu)加等(deng)(deng)(deng)50余(yu)(yu)種名貴野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)中草藥;元蘑、刺嫩芽、蕨菜、薇菜等(deng)(deng)(deng)30多種山野(ye)菜;獼猴桃、山葡萄等(deng)(deng)(deng)15種山野(ye)果(guo)。尚志市野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)達680余(yu)(yu)種,有(you)鹿、熊、狐、野(ye)豬、狍子(zi)、飛(fei)龍、野(ye)鴨等(deng)(deng)(deng)珍(zhen)稀獸(shou)禽;水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)有(you)細鱗魚,兩(liang)棲爬行動物(wu)有(you)林蛙等(deng)(deng)(deng)。境內設有(you)中國林蛙保護基(ji)地,生(sheng)(sheng)態環境極為優良。
4、地(di)形地(di)貌情況:尚志市(shi)是一(yi)個(ge)山(shan)(shan)地(di)、丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)、河(he)谷相間(jian)的(de)“八山(shan)(shan)半水(shui)分半田(tian)”的(de)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)縣市(shi)。全(quan)市(shi)山(shan)(shan)地(di)、丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)占(zhan)80%,平原(yuan)、坡崗(gang)占(zhan)15%,水(shui)庫(ku)、河(he)流、泡澤(ze)等占(zhan)5%。全(quan)市(shi)地(di)勢(shi)東高西低。東部(bu)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)區(qu),海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1000至1600米(mi),三禿頂子山(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)最高峰,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1567.6米(mi)。西部(bu)為(wei)(wei)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling),海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)在300至500米(mi)之(zhi)間(jian)。螞蟻(yi)河(he)流域(yu)屬沖積平原(yuan),為(wei)(wei)全(quan)市(shi)最低點,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)116米(mi)。境(jing)內(nei)四周(zhou)環山(shan)(shan),丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)起伏,河(he)網密布(bu),丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)、漫崗(gang)地(di)區(qu)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)暗棕壤和(he)白漿土(tu),土(tu)層(ceng)厚度一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)10至30厘米(mi),表層(ceng)有機質含量為(wei)(wei)2.5-6.1%,有利于煙草(cao)種植。
三.地域范圍
尚(shang)(shang)志(zhi)市位(wei)于黑(hei)龍江省(sheng)東(dong)南部,張(zhang)廣(guang)才(cai)嶺西(xi)麓。全市轄10鎮(zhen)、7鄉(xiang)、162個(ge)行政村(cun),總人(ren)口62萬人(ren),其(qi)中農(nong)業人(ren)口30萬人(ren)。亞布力(li)曬煙(yan)地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)地(di)域保護范(fan)圍為(wei)東(dong)經127°17'-129°12',北緯44°29'-45°34'之間(jian),主(zhu)要是尚(shang)(shang)志(zhi)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)亞布力(li)鎮(zhen)、石頭河(he)(he)子鎮(zhen)、亮河(he)(he)鎮(zhen)、慶陽鎮(zhen)、帽(mao)兒山鎮(zhen)、長壽鄉(xiang)、黑(hei)龍宮鎮(zhen)、元寶鎮(zhen)、一面(mian)坡鎮(zhen)、尚(shang)(shang)志(zhi)鎮(zhen)、烏吉密鄉(xiang)、魚池鄉(xiang)、河(he)(he)東(dong)鄉(xiang)、馬延鄉(xiang)、老街基鄉(xiang)、葦河(he)(he)鎮(zhen)、珍珠(zhu)山鄉(xiang)等17個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen),地(di)域保護范(fan)圍面(mian)積(ji)(ji)為(wei)891000公頃,地(di)域內(nei)(nei)亞布力(li)曬煙(yan)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)為(wei)2000公頃,年產量為(wei)5000噸,是全國和(he)世界知名的曬煙(yan)產區。
四(si).產品品質特性特征
1、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)特性(xing):亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)最早產(chan)(chan)自亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)鎮三道(dao)崴子、新華、光輝村一(yi)帶(dai),逐漸向全(quan)(quan)(quan)市區域(yu)發(fa)展,是(shi)著名亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)基地(di)。亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)醇香、味(wei)厚(hou)(hou),吸食后(hou)嗓子不(bu)(bu)(bu)癢不(bu)(bu)(bu)疼不(bu)(bu)(bu)咳嗽,抽起來有串味(wei),沁人心脾,提神養(yang)氣(qi)。它的(de)(de)煙(yan)灰是(shi)白(bai)色(se)的(de)(de),不(bu)(bu)(bu)截火。當地(di)流(liu)傳一(yi)句(ju)話:“寧抽亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)煙(yan),不(bu)(bu)(bu)抽紅塔山,足以(yi)說明亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)位。” 2、外在(zai)感官特征:亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)株高(gao)適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong),株高(gao)90-120cm,有效葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)多,煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)兒大(da)(da),肉厚(hou)(hou),單(dan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)較重。葉(xie)(xie)(xie)長65-75cm,寬(kuan)25-35cm,葉(xie)(xie)(xie)厚(hou)(hou)300-350μm。外觀顏色(se)金黃(huang)(huang)至桔黃(huang)(huang),黃(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)透紅;色(se)度飽和,厚(hou)(hou)薄(bo)適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong),富(fu)油潤;頂葉(xie)(xie)(xie)無拐(guai),葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)結構疏(shu)松、柔軟、填充力(li)(li)(li)(li)強、彈(dan)性(xing)好、香氣(qi)足、回味(wei)綿長、刺激(ji)性(xing)小(xiao)。 3、內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質指標(biao):亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)內(nei)含成份協(xie)調,燃燒性(xing)好,陰燃時間長,配伍性(xing)好,可用性(xing)強,煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)性(xing)高(gao),是(shi)生產(chan)(chan)復合型卷煙(yan)的(de)(de)可靠原料。總糖(tang)大(da)(da)于(yu)8 g/100g、還(huan)原糖(tang)大(da)(da)于(yu)3g/100g、粗蛋白(bai)大(da)(da)于(yu)19%、鉀(jia)大(da)(da)于(yu)1.7%、磷大(da)(da)于(yu)180mg/100g、氮大(da)(da)于(yu)3%、氯小(xiao)于(yu)1%。煙(yan)質好,雜氣(qi)輕。 4、安全(quan)(quan)(quan)要求:亞(ya)(ya)布(bu)(bu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)曬(shai)煙(yan)生產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程嚴格按照GB8966-88煙(yan)草生產(chan)(chan)標(biao)準執(zhi)行(xing),建立食品(pin)(pin)(pin)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)追溯(su)體(ti)系(xi),保證(zheng)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)可追溯(su)性(xing)。
五(wu).特定生產方式
亞布力曬煙的(de)生產是極講究的(de),從土壤選擇、種植時間和管理方(fang)式上都(dou)有嚴格要(yao)求。
1、產地要求: 主要選擇坡度在≤15°、土壤疏松、通透性強(qiang)、排水(shui)良好,PH值5.5-6.5左右,肥(fei)力中上等地塊種煙(yan),前茬(cha)最(zui)好是谷類作物(wu)或玉米(mi)茬(cha)。環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)要求:空(kong)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)符(fu)合《GB3095環(huan)境(jing)空(kong)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準》的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),灌溉水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)符(fu)合《GB5084農(nong)田灌溉水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)準》的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),土壤環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)符(fu)合《GB15618土壤環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準》的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)。
2、品種(zhong)范圍:亞布(bu)力曬煙(yan)由煙(yan)農經過多(duo)年選育,主要為(wei)大葉(xie)黃。一般選擇生長健壯(zhuang)、產量高、節間(jian)適度、葉(xie)片厚薄適度、大小整齊、葉(xie)脈細、耐旱、耐澇、抗病力強(qiang)的煙(yan)株留種(zhong)。
3、生產控制:
A、育苗(miao)(miao)(miao) 4月5-10日開(kai)始育苗(miao)(miao)(miao),苗(miao)(miao)(miao)床一(yi)般寬100厘(li)米,采用塑(su)料薄膜覆蓋,提(ti)高防寒防凍能力。待苗(miao)(miao)(miao)長至(zhi)4-5片真葉時,起苗(miao)(miao)(miao)移栽。
B、移栽(zai) 移栽(zai)方式多采用起壟(long)種(zhong)植,壟(long)高20-25厘(li)米,壟(long)距(ju)(ju)80厘(li)米,株距(ju)(ju)50厘(li)米,每畝定植1000-1200株。5月20日開始移栽(zai)。
C、施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 曬煙施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為主,通(tong)常有火(huo)燒土(tu)、人糞尿(niao)、豬牛糞、餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、草木灰等(deng)。基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)占總施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量30%-35%,追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)占65%-70%,每畝折用純氮(dan)10kg,氮(dan)、磷、鉀比例為1:1:2。在煙葉打(da)頂后,畝用磷酸二氫鉀0.25kg加利煙王(wang)10ml兌水60kg噴煙葉,隔7天噴一次(ci),連噴3次(ci)。
D、病蟲(chong)害防治 蟲(chong)害主要有(you)小地老虎、煙(yan)蚜等(deng),采取生物防治;病害主要有(you)炭疽病、黑(hei)脛病、花葉(xie)病毒病等(deng),采取噴施(shi)75%百菌清+70%托(tuo)布(bu)津(1:1)1000-1500倍液進行(xing)防治。結(jie)合農業綜合防治,合理進行(xing)輪作(zuo)倒茬(cha),減輕病蟲(chong)害發生。
E、打頂(ding)抹(mo)杈(cha) 及時(shi)打頂(ding)抹(mo)杈(cha),合理留(liu)葉(xie),增加(jia)有(you)效葉(xie)片,應留(liu)12-14片葉(xie),有(you)利于(yu)光合作用(yong)和通風。打頂(ding)后(hou)及時(shi)采用(yong)滅芽(ya)(ya)靈藥物(wu)抑(yi)芽(ya)(ya),減少煙芽(ya)(ya)的(de)生長(chang),促(cu)進(jin)葉(xie)片的(de)生長(chang)及成熟。
F、采摘及曬制(zhi)(zhi)。 8月下旬(xun)-9月上(shang)(shang)旬(xun),等(deng)煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)變(bian)厚、變(bian)老、葉(xie)(xie)色(se)轉淡黃(huang)色(se)時,選(xuan)擇晴(qing)天分期(qi)分批采收。煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)采收后用帶叉(cha)的(de)木棍(gun)埋(mai)在(zai)地上(shang)(shang),在(zai)叉(cha)上(shang)(shang)橫上(shang)(shang)木棍(gun)搭(da)好煙(yan)架(jia)(jia),將割下的(de)煙(yan)四個葉(xie)(xie)或六個葉(xie)(xie)一(yi)把用寬心草捆(kun)扎,搭(da)在(zai)煙(yan)架(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)曬制(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)充分吸收陽光(guang)和露水。收藏,當煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)干(gan)到金(jin)黃(huang)色(se),即可下架(jia)(jia),捆(kun)成(cheng)把,存放在(zai)避(bi)雨通風處。 生產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄要求(qiu):亞(ya)布力(li)曬煙(yan)種植(zhi)完全(quan)(quan)按《尚志市無(wu)公害生產(chan)(chan)技(ji)術管理規(gui)定》要求(qiu)執行(xing),生產(chan)(chan)檔案(an)全(quan)(quan)面記(ji)載(zai)并妥善保存,以備查閱。
六(liu).包裝標識相關規定
亞布力曬煙(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)者或加(jia)工企(qi)業,在(zai)(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品或包裝(zhuang)上(shang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)已獲登記(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)亞布力曬煙(yan)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),須向登記(ji)(ji)證書持有人提出申請,并(bing)能夠(gou)嚴(yan)格按(an)照(zhao)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)質量技術規(gui)范(fan)組織開展生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)活動。同(tong)時,生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品要(yao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)自登記(ji)(ji)確定(ding)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍;已取得(de)登記(ji)(ji)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)資(zi)質;具有地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品市場開發經(jing)營(ying)(ying)能力。使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),應當按(an)照(zhao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)年度(du)與登記(ji)(ji)證書持有人簽訂(ding)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)協議,在(zai)(zai)協議中載明使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)數量、范(fan)圍及相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)責任義務。加(jia)貼(tie)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)統一(yi)采用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品名稱和(he)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)識相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)標(biao)識標(biao)注方法。建立(li)包裝(zhuang)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)印刷審核(he)備案制度(du)和(he)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)管理制度(du),加(jia)強(qiang)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)監(jian)督檢查(cha),嚴(yan)厲查(cha)處(chu)仿造(zao)、冒用(yong)、超范(fan)圍使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等違法違規(gui)行(xing)為,建立(li)健(jian)全標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)管長(chang)效機(ji)制。