一.產品介紹
雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)栽(zai)培歷史(shi)(shi)較久(jiu),據《雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)志(zhi)》記(ji)載(zai)(zai),可追溯到(dao)(dao)1815年(nian)。清(qing)嘉慶十九年(nian)(1814年(nian)),清(qing)廷(ting)諭準吉林將(jiang)軍(jun)富俊(jun)屯(tun)墾(ken),在(zai)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子建城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設治,其(qi)(qi)后兩年(nian)移墾(ken)耕(geng)耘,就已有(you)小面(mian)(mian)積(ji)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。從民(min)國(guo)、偽滿直到(dao)(dao)新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)立,雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)逐(zhu)年(nian)增加(jia),到(dao)(dao)現(xian)在(zai)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)年(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)穩定在(zai)280萬(wan)畝(mu)。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)較久(jiu),有(you)文字(zi)記(ji)載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可以追溯到(dao)(dao)民(min)國(guo)之前(qian)(雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)志(zhi))。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)就是(shi)一(yi)(yi)部光榮的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)和雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)經(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)。一(yi)(yi)位“四(si)野(ye)”時(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)老兵郎重生回憶,雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)做出的(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)糧--大餅子曾經(jing)作為四(si)野(ye)戰士的(de)(de)(de)(de)口糧為解放全(quan)中(zhong)國(guo)立下了功勞。在(zai)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“紅色旅游景點”--“四(si)野(ye)前(qian)線指揮(hui)部”紀念館(guan)有(you)一(yi)(yi)張照片,伙食(shi)房的(de)(de)(de)(de)墻上掛著的(de)(de)(de)(de)就有(you)一(yi)(yi)串老玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)吊子。由(you)于玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)相較其(qi)(qi)它作物的(de)(de)(de)(de)高產性,建國(guo)后雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)逐(zhu)年(nian)增加(jia),現(xian)在(zai)已由(you)最早的(de)(de)(de)(de) 萬(wan)畝(mu)增加(jia)到(dao)(dao) 萬(wan)畝(mu)。玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)生產對雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)糧食(shi)生產和雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)社會經(jing)濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)一(yi)(yi)直起著十分重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用,
二.自然生態(tai)環境和人(ren)文歷史因素
雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)市居(ju)黑龍江(jiang)省第一(yi)(yi)積(ji)溫帶,年(nian)有效(xiao)活動積(ji)溫2700℃-- 2900℃,年(nian)日照時(shi)(shi)數平均(jun)為(wei)2582小(xiao)時(shi)(shi),全年(nian)太(tai)陽總(zong)輻射量(liang)為(wei)112.2千卡,無(wu)霜期125-135天,年(nian)降雨量(liang)410—520毫(hao)米(mi)(mi),主(zhu)要集中在7、8、9月份(fen),70%以上(shang)的(de)降水在農作(zuo)(zuo)物生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長期。市內(nei)大型加(jia)工企業廢氣、廢水、排放(fang)量(liang)均(jun)不超標(biao)(biao),基(ji)(ji)地內(nei)無(wu)任(ren)何污染(ran)源,空氣質量(liang)達到國(guo)家三類標(biao)(biao)準。全省最高的(de)有效(xiao)積(ji)溫和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育期內(nei)適(shi)(shi)宜的(de)降水,非常(chang)適(shi)(shi)合高產(chan)的(de)C4作(zuo)(zuo)物玉米(mi)(mi)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長,雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)玉米(mi)(mi)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)一(yi)(yi)熟春玉米(mi)(mi)。雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)位于松嫩平原腹地,境內(nei)地勢平坦,土(tu)壤類型主(zhu)要以黑土(tu)、黑鈣土(tu)、草甸土(tu)為(wei)主(zhu),其中黑土(tu)面積(ji)占(zhan)58%,土(tu)壤比較(jiao)肥沃(wo),土(tu)壤有機質平均(jun)為(wei)2.74%,非常(chang)適(shi)(shi)合玉米(mi)(mi)等(deng)大田作(zuo)(zuo)物生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長。雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)耕(geng)地總(zong)面積(ji)為(wei)224996.4 公(gong)頃,玉米(mi)(mi)常(chang)年(nian)播種(zhong)面積(ji)達186666公(gong)頃左右,占(zhan)耕(geng)地總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)74%。玉米(mi)(mi)是雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)主(zhu)栽糧食作(zuo)(zuo)物,同時(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)也是國(guo)家重要的(de)商品(pin)糧基(ji)(ji)地縣(市)。雙(shuang)(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)也于2005年(nian)至2010年(nian)先(xian)后兩次向(xiang)國(guo)家申(shen)請創建兩個國(guo)家級綠(lv)(lv)色食品(pin)原料(玉米(mi)(mi))標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地,并通過國(guo)家檢查組的(de)驗收,成為(wei)全國(guo)首(shou)個國(guo)家級雙(shuang)(shuang)百萬畝綠(lv)(lv)色食品(pin)原料(玉米(mi)(mi))標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地。
1、土地(di)(di)(di)資源。 雙(shuang)城(cheng)市耕地(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)224996.4 公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),其(qi)中灌溉水田面(mian)(mian)積(ji)5742.68公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),旱田218258.56公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),菜田995.16公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。牧草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)17632.85公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),其(qi)中天然草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)17362公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),人工草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)270.85公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。未利用土地(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)46000.46公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),其(qi)中荒草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)3149.98公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),鹽堿地(di)(di)(di)75.2公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),沼澤地(di)(di)(di)466.98公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),沙地(di)(di)(di)118.05公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),其(qi)它未利用土地(di)(di)(di)743.25公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)利資(zi)源(yuan)。 雙(shuang)城市三面(mian)靠水(shui)(shui)(shui),松(song)花江位于北(bei)部,流經四個鄉鎮,流程全長 65公里,拉林河圍繞(rao)南、西邊境,流經七個鄉鎮,沿我市流程全長135公里。雙(shuang)城市水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)由兩(liang)部分組成,地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)一部分為(wei)境內地(di)(di)面(mian)徑(jing)流量(liang)(liang),另一部分為(wei)過境的(de)江河水(shui)(shui)(shui)。地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)比(bi)較豐富,全市可開采的(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)總量(liang)(liang)為(wei)1.83億(yi)立方(fang)米,年開采量(liang)(liang)為(wei)0.3億(yi)立方(fang)米,占可開采量(liang)(liang)的(de)16.4%。
3、畜牧(mu)(mu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)。 雙(shuang)城市也是全國畜牧(mu)(mu)業生(sheng)產先進縣,畜牧(mu)(mu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富。2010年,養(yang)殖29萬(wan)頭(tou)奶牛、50萬(wan)頭(tou)肉牛,109萬(wan)頭(tou)生(sheng)豬、3000萬(wan)只家(jia)禽。以玉米為主的(de)糧食產業為畜牧(mu)(mu)生(sheng)產過(guo)腹轉化增值(zhi)提供了大量的(de)飼料原料。
三.地域范圍
雙(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保護范圍為(wei)北緯45°08 ′-45°43′,東經125°41′-126°42′之間(jian)之間(jian),主要是雙(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)境內(nei)雙(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、幸(xing)福鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、東官(guan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、周家(jia)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、新興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五(wu)家(jia)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、公正鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、農豐鎮(zhen)(zhen)、永勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、臨江鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、水泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、杏山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、團(tuan)結鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、萬隆鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、樂群(qun)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、同心鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、希(xi)勤(qin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、韓甸(dian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、金城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蘭棱鎮(zhen)(zhen)、朝(chao)陽鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、單城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、聯興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、青嶺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等24個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen),地(di)(di)域保護范圍面積為(wei)219333公頃,地(di)(di)域內(nei)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)生產(chan)面積為(wei)186666公頃,總產(chan)量(liang)為(wei)1680000噸。
四.產品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征(zheng)
1、產品特性:雙城(cheng)玉米品種多為高(gao)淀粉(fen)、高(gao)賴氨酸品種,品質優良,是優良的糧(liang)飼(si)兼用玉米。可生產出來的玉米面、玉米碴(cha)子、玉米面條等產品,營(ying)養豐(feng)富口(kou)感好,讓人回味難忘(wang)。
2、外(wai)在感官特(te)征:以鄭(zheng)單958和澳玉(yu)1號為(wei)(wei)主栽的雙城玉(yu)米(mi)果穗呈柱狀(zhuang)或圓錐狀(zhuang),籽(zi)粒排列整齊(qi),成熟度好(hao),無(wu)禿尖、無(wu)蟲(chong)蛀、無(wu)霉變、無(wu)損傷,籽(zi)粒為(wei)(wei)黃色,中(zhong)齒、飽滿,百(bai)粒重大、容(rong)重高,商品品質(zhi)優良。
3、內在品質指標:雙城玉米(mi)營養豐富,淀粉(fen)和賴(lai)氨(an)酸含(han)量(liang)高,品質優良(liang),是優質的糧飼(si)兼(jian)用(yong)型玉米(mi),籽(zi)粒含(han)粗蛋(dan)白﹥9.5%、粗淀粉(fen)﹥70.0%、粗脂肪(fang)﹥3.9%,賴(lai)氨(an)酸﹥0.29%,氨(an)基酸總含(han)量(liang)﹥9.5%。粗蛋(dan)白含(han)量(liang)比一般玉米(mi)平均值高1.34%。
4、安全(quan)要求:雙(shuang)城玉米嚴(yan)格(ge)按照《綠色食品(pin)玉米生產(chan)技術操作(zuo)規(gui)程》進行生產(chan)和管理(li),產(chan)地環境符(fu)合(he)NY/T391綠色食品(pin)產(chan)地環境質(zhi)量條件,農藥使(shi)用符(fu)合(he)NY/T393綠色食品(pin)農藥使(shi)用準則,肥料使(shi)用符(fu)合(he)NY/T394綠色食品(pin)肥料使(shi)用準則,嚴(yan)格(ge)遵守《農產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量安全(quan)法(fa)》的有關(guan)規(gui)定。
五(wu).特(te)定生(sheng)產方式
雙(shuang)城市(shi)是(shi)(shi)典型(xing)的(de)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)農業大(da)(da)縣(xian)(市(shi)),是(shi)(shi)全國聞(wen)名(ming)的(de)產(chan)(chan)糧大(da)(da)縣(xian)(市(shi)),是(shi)(shi)農業部和省(sheng)糧食(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)創建示范點。雙(shuang)城市(shi)在農業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中充(chong)分發揮平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)大(da)(da)市(shi)農業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)上(shang)機(ji)械(xie)化水(shui)平(ping)(ping)程度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)優勢,使農機(ji)田間作業率達95%以上(shang)。在大(da)(da)力(li)推廣普(pu)及先進農業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)同時,重(zhong)點在技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)綜合(he)配套和集成(cheng)使用上(shang)下(xia)功(gong)夫,探索總(zong)結(jie)出了(le)以機(ji)械(xie)耕(geng)作、播前坐水(shui)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)催芽、配方(fang)施(shi)(shi)肥、增(zeng)施(shi)(shi)農肥、赤(chi)眼蜂防治玉米螟(ming)、密(mi)(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)的(de)玉米高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)模式,并采取“統(tong)一(yi)整地(di)、統(tong)一(yi)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、統(tong)一(yi)施(shi)(shi)肥、統(tong)一(yi)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、統(tong)一(yi)收(shou)獲”等“五統(tong)一(yi)”生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)式。提高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)單(dan)產(chan)(chan),確保總(zong)產(chan)(chan),增(zeng)強了(le)糧食(shi)綜合(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。 玉米的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)模式包(bao)括:一(yi)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)透密(mi)(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。將70厘米的(de)標準壟(long)(long)并成(cheng)140厘米大(da)(da)壟(long)(long),壟(long)(long)上(shang)雙(shuang)行(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi),行(xing)距(ju)40厘米,壟(long)(long)距(ju)100厘米,人為(wei)創造邊行(xing)優勢,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度(du)增(zeng)加(jia)40%;配套應用深松整地(di)、測土施(shi)(shi)肥、增(zeng)墑(di)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等技術(shu)(shu)(shu)措施(shi)(shi)。二是(shi)(shi)保護地(di)通(tong)透密(mi)(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。在通(tong)透密(mi)(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)基礎(chu)上(shang),配套保護地(di)措施(shi)(shi),可(ke)增(zeng)加(jia)積溫200-300度(du),使農作物生(sheng)長期(qi)延(yan)長10-15天,有效(xiao)解決高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)晚熟品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不能(neng)(neng)短期(qi)成(cheng)熟問題,畝產(chan)(chan)實現噸糧。三是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)壟(long)(long)密(mi)(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。在70厘米標準壟(long)(long)的(de)基礎(chu)上(shang),按(an)照“增(zeng)加(jia)1斤種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),增(zeng)產(chan)(chan)百(bai)斤糧食(shi)”的(de)目標,精(jing)選收(shou)斂、半(ban)收(shou)斂型(xing)優良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),合(he)理(li)(li)(li)增(zeng)加(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度(du),使畝保苗(miao)由原(yuan)來的(de)3300株提高(gao)(gao)(gao)到4000株。
六(liu).包裝(zhuang)標識相關規定
雙(shuang)城玉(yu)米(mi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)者或加(jia)工企業,在產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或包裝上使用已獲登記(ji)的雙(shuang)城玉(yu)米(mi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),須向(xiang)登記(ji)證書(shu)持(chi)有人(ren)提出申請,并能夠嚴(yan)格(ge)按照規(gui)定的質量(liang)技術規(gui)范組(zu)織開(kai)展生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)活動。同時,生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)要產(chan)(chan)(chan)自登記(ji)確定的地域(yu)范圍;已取得登記(ji)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)相(xiang)(xiang)關的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)資質;具(ju)有地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)市(shi)場(chang)開(kai)發經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)能力。使用農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),應(ying)當按照生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)年度(du)與登記(ji)證書(shu)持(chi)有人(ren)簽訂農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用協(xie)議,在協(xie)議中載(zai)明使用的數(shu)量(liang)、范圍及相(xiang)(xiang)關的責任義務。加(jia)貼(tie)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要統一采用產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名稱和農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)(xiang)結合(he)的標(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)注方法(fa)(fa)。建(jian)立包裝標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)印刷(shua)審核備(bei)案制(zhi)度(du)和標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du),加(jia)強標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha),嚴(yan)厲查(cha)(cha)處仿造(zao)、冒用、超范圍使用標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等違法(fa)(fa)違規(gui)行為(wei),建(jian)立健(jian)全標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)管(guan)長效機(ji)制(zhi)。