一.產品介紹
玉(yu)(yu)米(mi),是重(zhong)要的(de)農(nong)作(zuo)物之一。玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)是飼料(liao)工(gong)(gong)業、食品(pin)工(gong)(gong)業、化工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)業、制藥工(gong)(gong)業等行業的(de)重(zhong)要原料(liao),是人們生(sheng)活中(zhong)不可缺(que)少(shao)的(de)重(zhong)要糧(liang)食作(zuo)物。玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)營(ying)養豐富,具有(you)很高(gao)的(de)社(she)會效(xiao)益和(he)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益。巴彥縣栽(zai)培(pei)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)分(fen)布(bu)廣范,種(zhong)植面積、產量、商品(pin)量居全(quan)國領(ling)先地(di)位。
1、巴彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)的產(chan)(chan)地范圍(wei)巴彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)的地理(li)標志農產(chan)(chan)品所在的具體地理(li)位置是將巴彥(yan)縣境(jing)內(nei)3135.2平方公里區域劃定為巴彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)地理(li)標志產(chan)(chan)品的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)護(hu)范圍(wei)。境(jing)內(nei)耕地22.67萬公頃(qing)劃定為巴彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)農產(chan)(chan)品地理(li)標志產(chan)(chan)品的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)范圍(wei)。2007年(nian)播種面(mian)積(ji)為10萬公頃(qing)。
2、巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)特(te)(te)點巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米產(chan)(chan)地選擇在巴(ba)彥(yan)縣境內(nei)世界三大黑(hei)土地之一的(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)洲東北黑(hei)土中,屬亞(ya)熱帶季(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)(hou),非常適合玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米生(sheng)產(chan)(chan),具有得天獨厚的(de)(de)(de)氣候(hou)(hou)、土壤、日(ri)照等(deng)優(you)勢,巴(ba)彥(yan)縣的(de)(de)(de)黑(hei)土地中所含有的(de)(de)(de)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米生(sheng)長的(de)(de)(de)元素(su)比例均(jun)衡,天然降雨(yu)適中,促進了巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米獨特(te)(te)品質的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成。巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)米是(shi)自(zi)然生(sheng)長的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點,以自(zi)然降雨(yu)為主。
3、巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)玉米(mi)的特色巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣的玉米(mi)因其獨特的地理條件,玉米(mi)的氨基酸總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)達(da)(da)到(dao)11.87%,粗蛋白高(gao)出達(da)(da)到(dao)11.96%,粗淀粉達(da)(da)到(dao)69.26%,微(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)元(yuan)素(su)(su)中(zhong)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao),其中(zhong)重要重要元(yuan)素(su)(su)硒、鋅含量(liang)(liang)(liang)更好(hao),硒0.019Mg/kg,25.24Mg/kg。這說(shuo)明巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)玉米(mi)營養豐(feng)富,質量(liang)(liang)(liang)好(hao),有自己的特殊品質。
4、巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)玉米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)人文歷(li)史因(yin)素(su)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)玉米(mi)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史。據《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)土(tu)壤志》記(ji)載,“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)蘇(su),周秦(qin)之際為(wei)肅慎居(ju)住的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang),以后(hou)為(wei)夫余、勿吉,遼金時代為(wei)女真部落居(ju)住,在少(shao)凌河出(chu)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)鏵子證明金代已有(you)農業種(zhong)植。清(qing)朝(chao)放禁(jin)后(hou),隨著移民(min)遷入,播種(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)日益增加,清(qing)咸豐十一年(nian)(1861年(nian))巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)蘇(su)大(da)(da)(da)面(mian)積(ji)開荒(huang)。”據《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)志》記(ji)載巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農作物以大(da)(da)(da)豆、谷(gu)子、小麥、高梁、玉米(mi)、大(da)(da)(da)麥等(deng)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)玉米(mi)栽培歷(li)史悠久,分(fen)布廣泛,種(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)、產(chan)(chan)量、商品量歷(li)來居(ju)全省前(qian)列。人文推動因(yin)素(su):巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)有(you)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)當(dang)家品種(zhong),是(shi)用巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)牛尾黃(huang)與高產(chan)(chan)品種(zhong)雜交而成的(de)(de)(de)豐產(chan)(chan)高淀(dian)粉高營(ying)養(yang)品種(zhong)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)非轉基因(yin)玉米(mi)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)和綠色食(shi)品玉米(mi)原料基地(di)(di)(di)(di),認證綠色食(shi)品玉米(mi)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)50萬畝(25萬噸),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)全縣(xian)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)進行了整(zheng)體環(huan)評(ping),適合公害農產(chan)(chan)品生產(chan)(chan)。獨特的(de)(de)(de)文化底蘊:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)是(shi)國家玉米(mi)生產(chan)(chan)示范(fan)縣(xian),每年(nian)示范(fan)高產(chan)(chan)玉米(mi)60萬畝。1983年(nian)3月經國務院批(pi)準,巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)被國家和黑龍江省確(que)定(ding)為(wei)商品糧基地(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)玉米(mi)文化底蘊深厚,品種(zhong)質量創新力(li)度大(da)(da)(da),清(qing)朝(chao)放禁(jin)初期以牛尾黃(huang)、火(huo)包(bao)米(mi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),后(hou)發展為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)單(dan)1-7號當(dang)家品種(zhong)。玉米(mi)在巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)成為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要的(de)(de)(de)農作物,是(shi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農業收入的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要來源(yuan)。
二(er).自然(ran)生態環境和人文歷史因素
1.土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang):土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤共有(you)9個(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類,19個(ge)(ge)亞類,32個(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬。9個(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類是暗棕壤、白漿(jiang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泛濫土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沼澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泥炭土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。全縣幅員面積(ji)3135.2平方(fang)公(gong)里,總(zong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)面積(ji)31.33萬公(gong)頃,耕地(di)面積(ji)22.67萬公(gong)頃,耕地(di)中(zhong)黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等肥力(li)較高的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤約占90%以(yi)上。腐殖質層(ceng)厚度(du)達(da)20-70厘米(mi)(mi),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有(you)機質含(han)(han)量3.72%,含(han)(han)氮(dan)0.168%,含(han)(han)磷(lin)0. 99%,含(han)(han)鉀1.80%, pH值6.7,呈中(zhong)性。全縣地(di)勢東高西低、北(bei)崗南平、中(zhong)部多(duo)丘陵,坡(po)耕地(di)占耕地(di)面積(ji)的62%,地(di)理(li)形狀為楔形,海拔最高為564.3米(mi)(mi),最低海拔110米(mi)(mi)。
2.水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況(kuang):巴彥縣有較(jiao)大河流14條,河道(dao)總(zong)長475.7公里。全縣地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)存儲量(liang)(liang)65億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi),多(duo)年平均地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)供給量(liang)(liang)為(wei)3.97億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi),允許開(kai)采量(liang)(liang)為(wei)2.224億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)。全縣水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)5.73億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi),人(ren)均水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)869立(li)方米(mi)(mi),畝均水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)212立(li)方米(mi)(mi)。包括(kuo)水(shui)(shui)系、水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)和(he)水(shui)(shui)質情(qing)況(kuang)及影響因子。
3.氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況(kuang):巴彥縣地處中高(gao)緯度(du)(du),屬中溫(wen)(wen)帶大(da)陸(lu)季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。夏季(ji)盛行東南風(feng),濕潤多雨;冬(dong)季(ji)盛行西北(bei)風(feng),干燥(zao)嚴(yan)寒。年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)3.1℃,最高(gao)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)曾出(chu)現過(guo)37.9℃,最低氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)達-42.5℃,年(nian)≥10℃活動積溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)2658.4℃,歷年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量為(wei)(wei)582.2毫(hao)米,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)為(wei)(wei)2669.4小(xiao)時(shi)。5-9月(yue)份作物生長(chang)期日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)為(wei)(wei)1252小(xiao)時(shi),占全年(nian)總日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)的(de)46.9%,歷年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)初(chu)霜期為(wei)(wei)9月(yue)21日(ri),歷年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)無霜期為(wei)(wei)131天。全年(nian)結凍期為(wei)(wei)145天左右。包(bao)括季(ji)風(feng)、溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、濕度(du)(du)、日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)和降(jiang)水(shui)等特殊(shu)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)因子。
4.人(ren)文(wen)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)情況:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)類生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自公元前(qian)211年(nian)(nian)(nian)秦朝(chao)時就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)歲百之地(di)(di)(di)(di),是(shi)(shi)由歲族(zu)與百族(zu)融(rong)合而成(cheng)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區少數(shu)民(min)族(zu),以(yi)(yi)漁獵(lie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),輔以(yi)(yi)農業。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建治以(yi)(yi)前(qian),森林茂密,水草豐(feng)(feng)盛,土質肥(fei)美,是(shi)(shi)一片待墾的(de)(de)處女地(di)(di)(di)(di)。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)封(feng)禁(jin)(清(qing)朝(chao)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)自己(ji)“龍(long)興”之脈封(feng)禁(jin)不(bu)開墾),只(zhi)有少數(shu)旗(qi)兵屯田和(he)少數(shu)漢人(ren)零散(san)住在各地(di)(di)(di)(di)開荒種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di),張網捕撈(lao)魚,過著日出而起(qi),日暮而歸(gui)的(de)(de)農家(jia)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)。1859年(nian)(nian)(nian),清(qing)咸豐(feng)(feng)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)開禁(jin),土地(di)(di)(di)(di)放墾后(hou),關內的(de)(de)大(da)(da)量(liang)漢民(min)流入本地(di)(di)(di)(di),人(ren)多之后(hou)。清(qing)同治元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1862年(nian)(nian)(nian))于(yu)呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)城以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)建呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)廳治理巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)(su)蘇(su)(su)等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di),管理賦課刑名(ming)及旗(qi)民(min)交涉(she)等(deng)事宜。光(guang)緒三十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)) 呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)廳分兩處,呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)一處,升呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)廳為(wei)(wei)(wei)呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)府(移(yi)到呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)城),原(yuan)呼(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)廳改(gai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)州,民(min)國(guo)2 年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)州改(gai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農業生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)久。據《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)土壤志(zhi)》記載(zai)(zai),“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)(su)蘇(su)(su),周(zhou)秦之際為(wei)(wei)(wei)肅慎居住的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方,以(yi)(yi)后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)余(yu)、勿(wu)吉(ji),遼(liao)金時代為(wei)(wei)(wei)女真部(bu)落居住,在少凌(ling)河出土的(de)(de)鏵(hua)子證明金代已有農業種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。清(qing)朝(chao)放禁(jin)后(hou),隨(sui)著移(yi)民(min)遷入,播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積日益增加,清(qing)咸豐(feng)(feng)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1861年(nian)(nian)(nian))巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)(su)蘇(su)(su)大(da)(da)面(mian)積開荒。”據《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)志(zhi)》記載(zai)(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農作(zuo)物以(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)豆、谷子、小麥、高梁、玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)、大(da)(da)麥等(deng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)栽培大(da)(da)豆歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)悠久,分布廣泛,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積、產(chan)量(liang)、商(shang)品(pin)量(liang)歷(li)(li)(li)來居全(quan)省(sheng)前(qian)列。 人(ren)文(wen)推動(dong)因(yin)素:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有自己(ji)的(de)(de)當(dang)家(jia)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),是(shi)(shi)用巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)牛尾(wei)黃(huang)與高產(chan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)雜(za)交而成(cheng)的(de)(de)豐(feng)(feng)產(chan)高淀粉高營養(yang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)非轉基因(yin)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)原(yuan)料基地(di)(di)(di)(di),認證綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)50萬畝(25萬噸(dun)(dun)),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也是(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)無公害玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),認證無公害玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)64萬畝(32萬噸(dun)(dun))。 獨(du)特的(de)(de)文(wen)化底蘊:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)示(shi)范縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),每年(nian)(nian)(nian)示(shi)范20萬畝。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月經(jing)國(guo)務院批準,巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被國(guo)家(jia)和(he)黑龍(long)江省(sheng)確定為(wei)(wei)(wei)商(shang)品(pin)糧基地(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)文(wen)化底蘊深厚,品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質量(liang)創新(xin)力度大(da)(da),清(qing)朝(chao)放禁(jin)初(chu)期(qi)以(yi)(yi)牛尾(wei)黃(huang)、火(huo)包米(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),后(hou)發展為(wei)(wei)(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)單1-7號(hao)當(dang)家(jia)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)在巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)農作(zuo)物,是(shi)(shi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農業收入的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)來源(yuan)。
三.地域范圍
產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)范圍(wei):巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)所(suo)在(zai)的具體(ti)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)位置是將巴(ba)彥(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)3135.2平方公(gong)里(li)區域劃定(ding)為(wei)巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)的生產(chan)保護范圍(wei)。境內(nei)耕地(di)(di)(di)22.67萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)劃定(ding)為(wei)巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)的生產(chan)范圍(wei)。2007年(nian)播種面積為(wei)10萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)。 產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)位置:巴(ba)彥(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位于黑龍(long)江(jiang)省中部偏南(nan)(nan),地(di)(di)(di)處松(song)(song)嫩平原(yuan)、松(song)(song)花江(jiang)中游北(bei)岸(an),具體(ti)范圍(wei)為(wei)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)坐標(biao)(biao)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)經126°45′53″-127°42′16″,北(bei)緯45°54′28″-46°40′18″。南(nan)(nan)與(yu)賓(bin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)隔江(jiang)相望,西(xi)(xi)瀕漂河與(yu)呼蘭為(wei)鄰,北(bei)依泥河與(yu)綏化、慶安(an)交界,東(dong)(dong)(dong)臨黃泥河及駱(luo)駝砬(la)子(zi)山(shan)(shan)與(yu)木蘭毗連。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境南(nan)(nan)北(bei)長85公(gong)里(li),東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)寬72.4公(gong)里(li),邊界周長338公(gong)里(li),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城距(ju)哈市(shi)98公(gong)里(li)。 產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)址:全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)轄18個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)保護的區域范圍(wei)在(zai)巴(ba)彥(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)的18個(ge)(ge)行政鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),即巴(ba)彥(yan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、松(song)(song)花江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、富江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、巴(ba)彥(yan)港鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、西(xi)(xi)集鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、豐樂鄉(xiang)(xiang)、興(xing)隆鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、紅光鄉(xiang)(xiang)、萬(wan)發鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、德祥鄉(xiang)(xiang)、天增鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、山(shan)(shan)后鄉(xiang)(xiang)、黑山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、龍(long)泉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、華(hua)山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、龍(long)廟(miao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洼興(xing)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)東(dong)(dong)(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。其中小城鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)10個(ge)(ge)(兩個(ge)(ge)建制鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen))、116個(ge)(ge)村(三個(ge)(ge)少數民族自治(zhi)村)、1351個(ge)(ge)自然屯(tun)、4個(ge)(ge)國有(you)(you)林場(chang),2個(ge)(ge)國有(you)(you)原(yuan)種場(chang)、1個(ge)(ge)國有(you)(you)種畜場(chang)。
四.產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特性特征
1.外(wai)在感官特征:玉米(mi)粒(li)比(bi)較(jiao)大,飽滿,呈黃色,無雜色,扁圓型,橢圓直徑為5-12mm,表面光滑。
2.內(nei)在品(pin)質指標(biao):“巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)米”脂肪(fang)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)3.5%以上,淀粉含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)69%以上,氨(an)基酸總量(liang)(liang)(liang)大于(yu)(yu)10%,其(qi)中(zhong)谷(gu)氨(an)酸含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大于(yu)(yu)2%,是非轉基因玉(yu)米。富含(han)人體所(suo)需的多種維(wei)生素,還含(han)有(you)豐富的碘、硒、鐵、鈣(gai)、鋅等對人體有(you)益(yi)的微量(liang)(liang)(liang)元素,每百克(ke)含(han)鈣(gai)大于(yu)(yu)8毫克(ke)、含(han)鋅大于(yu)(yu)1.5毫克(ke)。巴(ba)彥(yan)玉(yu)米按無公害農產品(pin)檢驗農藥殘留(liu)指標(biao)中(zhong)有(you)四項(xiang)未檢出,說明巴(ba)彥(yan)縣玉(yu)米是安全的。
3.安(an)全要求:巴彥玉米實行(xing)無公害化生產,進行(xing)無公害、綠色食品(pin)認(ren)證,巴彥縣農產品(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)全協(xie)制(zhi)定高于國家綠色食品(pin)玉米的質(zhi)量標準,并強制(zhi)執行(xing)。
五.特(te)定生產(chan)方式(shi)
1.產地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇與特(te)殊內容規定:巴彥(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)產地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇在(zai)巴彥(yan)縣(xian)境(jing)內是(shi)因(yin)為巴彥(yan)縣(xian)地(di)(di)處(chu)世界三大黑土(tu)地(di)(di)之(zhi)一的(de)(de)亞洲(zhou)東北黑土(tu)中,屬亞熱帶季風(feng)氣候(hou),非常適合玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)長,具(ju)有(you)得天(tian)(tian)獨厚的(de)(de)氣候(hou)、土(tu)壤、日(ri)照等優勢,巴彥(yan)縣(xian)的(de)(de)黑土(tu)地(di)(di)中所含有(you)的(de)(de)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)生(sheng)長的(de)(de)元素比例(li)均(jun)衡,天(tian)(tian)然降雨適中,促進了巴彥(yan)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)獨特(te)品質的(de)(de)形成。
2.品種選擇與特定(ding)要(yao)求(qiu):巴彥玉米(mi)以(yi)高(gao)淀粉(fen)專用(yong)型為主(zhu),品種以(yi)巴彥縣當家(jia)品種巴單系列為主(zhu),以(yi)標準化生產保持其優良品質(zhi)。
3.生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程管理,包括農(nong)業(ye)投(tou)入品(pin)(pin)方面的(de)(de)(de)特殊使(shi)用規(gui)定:巴彥玉米生(sheng)(sheng) 產(chan)(chan)者執行(xing)(xing)(xing)玉米生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技(ji)術操作(zuo)規(gui)程,對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)藥、肥料進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴(yan)格質(zhi)量規(gui)范(fan),杜絕有毒有害投(tou)入品(pin)(pin)及(ji)物品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用,確保(bao)玉米生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安全,同時在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中我(wo)們及(ji)時進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量檢查,對(dui)(dui)農(nong)戶的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)投(tou)入品(pin)(pin)使(shi)用進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)范(fan)。結合無公害大豆(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和國家(jia)百(bai)萬(wan)畝綠色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)基(ji)地的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設,我(wo)縣對(dui)(dui)全縣農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)、投(tou)入品(pin)(pin)使(shi)用、市場(chang)準入、質(zhi)量科技(ji)服務等各項工作(zuo)以(yi)制度的(de)(de)(de)形式進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)范(fan),制定巴彥玉米質(zhi)量標準,并嚴(yan)格執行(xing)(xing)(xing)。
4.產品收獲(huo)、屠宰、捕撈及產后處理的(de)規(gui)定(ding):巴彥玉(yu)米分品種(zhong)進行(xing)單獨收割(ge),并分品種(zhong)進行(xing)貯(zhu)存、加工、銷(xiao)(xiao)售。對銷(xiao)(xiao)售的(de)玉(yu)米進行(xing)備案,實(shi)行(xing)追(zhui)溯制。
5.生產記(ji)錄要求:巴彥玉(yu)米(mi)在生產中對(dui)投(tou)入品(pin)使用(yong)進行(xing)(xing)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)管理,對(dui)農戶進行(xing)(xing)統一的(de)編碼(ma)(ma),對(dui)其出售(shou)的(de)玉(yu)米(mi)按(an)編碼(ma)(ma)進行(xing)(xing)質量追溯。加(jia)工企業收購實行(xing)(xing)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)式(shi)管理,按(an)農戶編碼(ma)(ma)進行(xing)(xing)存貯加(jia)工。
六(liu).包(bao)裝標識相(xiang)關(guan)規定
巴彥玉(yu)米分(fen)為1kg、2kg 、5kg、 20kg、90kg的(de)塑(su)袋等包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)。進行分(fen)級分(fen)品種單獨(du)倉(cang)儲,專用工具運輸。在包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)物(wu)外標(biao)記有農(nong)產品地理標(biao)志“巴彥玉(yu)米”字樣,并加有防偽標(biao)記。