一.產品介紹
大(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou),古(gu)稱(cheng)菽(shu),又名元豆(dou)(dou),黃豆(dou)(dou)。是重要的農作(zuo)物(wu)之一。大(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)是飼(si)料(liao)工業(ye)、食品工業(ye)、化工工業(ye)、制藥工業(ye)等行(xing)業(ye)的重要原料(liao),是人們(men)生活中不可缺少(shao)的重要油料(liao)作(zuo)物(wu)。大(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)營養豐富,具(ju)有很高(gao)的社會效(xiao)(xiao)益和經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益。巴彥(yan)縣(xian)素有大(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)之鄉的美謄(teng),栽培大(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)歷史悠久,分布廣(guang)范,種植面積(ji)、產量、商(shang)品量及向外(wai)出口量,歷來(lai)居全省前列。1957年在印度尼西亞召開的萬國(guo)博(bo)覽會上展出的巴彥(yan)縣(xian)大(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou),博(bo)得國(guo)際友人的稱(cheng)謄(teng)。
1、巴彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)的(de)(de)產(chan)地(di)(di)范圍巴彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)所在的(de)(de)具(ju)體地(di)(di)理(li)位置是將巴彥(yan)縣境內(nei)3135.2平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)區域劃(hua)定(ding)為(wei)巴彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)生產(chan)保護范圍。境內(nei)耕地(di)(di)22.67公(gong)頃(qing)劃(hua)定(ding)為(wei)巴彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)范圍。
2、巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)特點巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)產(chan)(chan)地(di)選(xuan)擇在巴彥縣(xian)境內世(shi)(shi)界三大(da)黑(hei)(hei)土地(di)之一的亞洲東北黑(hei)(hei)土中(zhong),屬亞熱帶(dai)季風(feng)氣候(hou),非常適合大(da)豆(dou)(dou)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan),具有得天獨厚(hou)的氣候(hou)、土壤、日照等優勢(shi),巴彥縣(xian)的黑(hei)(hei)土地(di)中(zhong)所含有的大(da)豆(dou)(dou)生(sheng)長的元素比例均衡,天然(ran)(ran)降雨適中(zhong),促進了巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)獨特品質(zhi)的形成。巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)是自然(ran)(ran)生(sheng)長的特點,以自然(ran)(ran)降雨為主(zhu)。巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)以高油、高蛋(dan)白享譽世(shi)(shi)界,品種以高油、高蛋(dan)白為主(zhu),以標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)保持其(qi)優良品質(zhi)。
3、巴(ba)彥(yan)大豆(dou)的質(zhi)量特(te)(te)色巴(ba)彥(yan)縣(xian)的大豆(dou)因其獨特(te)(te)的地理(li)條件,大豆(dou)的氨基酸總量達到38.54%(g/100g),粗(cu)蛋白(bai)40.54%,粗(cu)脂肪19.71%,微量元素中含(han)(han)量高,其中重要元素硒、鋅(xin)含(han)(han)量更好,硒0.013 Mg/kg,鋅(xin)25.05Mg/kg。硒元素對癌癥有很好的阻逆作用,這說明巴(ba)彥(yan)大豆(dou)營養(yang)豐(feng)富(fu),質(zhi)量好,有自(zi)己的特(te)(te)殊品質(zhi)。
4、彥(yan)(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)人文歷(li)(li)(li)史巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)歷(li)(li)(li)史悠久(jiu),早在清(qing)代(dai)咸(xian)豐(feng)年(nian)(nian)間(1860年(nian)(nian))黑龍江將軍物(wu)普欽在此外(wai)設立開墾行(xing)局,進行(xing)地(di)土地(di)的(de)(de)大(da)量放墾,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)作物(wu)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)就以大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)為(wei)(wei)主。一百多年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)耕作,創(chuang)造了巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)自己的(de)(de)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)產(chan)栽培(pei)技術(shu),創(chuang)造了著名(ming)的(de)(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)“永常模式”、“大(da)壟密技術(shu)”和(he)“壟三”栽培(pei)技術(shu)等豐(feng)產(chan)技術(shu),在同緯度播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)達到1000余萬畝,成為(wei)(wei)黑龍江大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)栽培(pei)的(de)(de)主要生(sheng)產(chan)技術(shu)。美國(guo)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)專家庫(ku)伯博士認為(wei)(wei),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)在國(guo)際上品質都是一流的(de)(de)。“大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)子(zi)粒飽滿,光澤性好,營(ying)養(yang)豐(feng)富,是國(guo)際領先(xian)的(de)(de)優質農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品”。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)形成的(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史很久(jiu)。據(ju)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)土壤志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)載(zai),“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)蘇蘇,周秦之(zhi)際為(wei)(wei)肅慎居住(zhu)的(de)(de)地(di)方,以后為(wei)(wei)夫余、勿吉,遼金時代(dai)為(wei)(wei)女真部落居住(zhu),在少凌河出土的(de)(de)鏵子(zi)證明(ming)金代(dai)已有農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植。清(qing)朝放禁后,隨著移民(min)遷入,播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)日益(yi)增加,清(qing)咸(xian)豐(feng)十一年(nian)(nian)(1861年(nian)(nian))巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)蘇蘇大(da)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)開荒。”據(ju)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)載(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)作物(wu)以大(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)、谷子(zi)、小麥、高梁、玉米、大(da)麥等為(wei)(wei)主。
二.自然生態環境(jing)和(he)人文歷史因素
1.土壤地貌情況:
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)資源特征。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)共有9個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei),19個亞類(lei),32個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu),計62個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)型。9個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)是暗棕壤(rang)(rang)、白漿土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泛濫土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沼澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泥炭(tan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。全縣幅員(yuan)面(mian)積3135.2平方公里,總土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)面(mian)積31.33萬公頃,耕地(di)面(mian)積22.67萬公頃,耕地(di)中黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等肥力較(jiao)高的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)約占(zhan)90%以(yi)上。腐殖質層厚度達20—70厘米(mi),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有機(ji)質含(han)量(liang)3.72%,含(han)氮0.168%,含(han)磷(lin)0. 99%,含(han)鉀1.80%, PH值6.7,呈中性。全縣地(di)勢東高西低(di)、北崗南平、中部多丘陵,坡耕地(di)占(zhan)耕地(di)面(mian)積的62%,地(di)理形狀為楔形,海拔(ba)最(zui)高為564.3米(mi),最(zui)低(di)海拔(ba)110米(mi)。
2.水(shui)(shui)文情況:水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)。巴彥縣(xian)有較(jiao)大河(he)流14條(tiao),河(he)道總長(chang)475.7公里。全(quan)縣(xian)地下水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)存(cun)儲量(liang)65億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),多(duo)年平均地下水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給量(liang)為(wei)3.97億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),允(yun)許開采量(liang)為(wei)2.224億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi)。全(quan)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)總量(liang)為(wei)5.73億(yi)立(li)(li)方米(mi),人均水(shui)(shui)量(liang)為(wei)869立(li)(li)方米(mi),畝均水(shui)(shui)量(liang)212立(li)(li)方米(mi)。包括水(shui)(shui)系、水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)和水(shui)(shui)質情況及影響因子。
3.氣(qi)候情況(kuang):巴彥(yan)縣地處中高緯度(du),屬中溫(wen)帶(dai)大陸季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候。夏(xia)季(ji)盛行東南風(feng),濕潤(run)多雨(yu);冬季(ji)盛行西北風(feng),干燥(zao)嚴(yan)寒。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)3.1℃,最(zui)(zui)高氣(qi)溫(wen)曾出現過37.9℃,最(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)溫(wen)達(da)-42.5℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)≥10℃活動積溫(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2658.4℃,歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均降水量為(wei)(wei)(wei)582.2毫米,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均日(ri)照(zhao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2669.4小時。5—9月份作(zuo)物生(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)日(ri)照(zhao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1252小時,占全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總日(ri)照(zhao)的46.9%,歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均初(chu)霜期(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)9月21日(ri),歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均無霜期(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)131天。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)結凍(dong)期(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)145天左右(you)。包(bao)括季(ji)風(feng)、溫(wen)度(du)、濕度(du)、日(ri)照(zhao)和(he)降水等特殊氣(qi)候因子。
4.人文(wen)(wen)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)情況:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人類生活(huo)(huo)的(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自公(gong)元(yuan)前211年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)秦(qin)朝時就是(shi)歲(sui)百(bai)之地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),是(shi)由(you)歲(sui)族與百(bai)族融合成的(de)東(dong)北地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區少(shao)(shao)數(shu)民(min)族,以漁獵為(wei)(wei)主,輔(fu)以農業(ye)(ye)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建治(zhi)以前,森林茂密,水草(cao)豐(feng)(feng)盛,土質(zhi)肥美,是(shi)一片待墾的(de)處女(nv)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)封禁(jin)(清(qing)(qing)以東(dong)北為(wei)(wei)自己(ji)“龍興”之脈封禁(jin)東(dong)北三省),只有(you)少(shao)(shao)數(shu)旗兵(bing)屯田(tian)和少(shao)(shao)數(shu)漢(han)人零散住(zhu)在(zai)各地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)開(kai)(kai)荒種(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),張網捕撈魚,過(guo)著(zhu)日(ri)(ri)出(chu)(chu)(chu)而起、日(ri)(ri)暮而歸的(de)農家(jia)(jia)生活(huo)(huo)。1859年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),清(qing)(qing)咸豐(feng)(feng)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)東(dong)北開(kai)(kai)禁(jin),土地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)放墾后(hou),關內(nei)的(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)漢(han)民(min)流入(ru)本(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),人多之后(hou),清(qing)(qing)同治(zhi)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1862年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))于呼(hu)(hu)蘭城(cheng)以東(dong)建呼(hu)(hu)蘭廳治(zhi)理巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)蘇蘇等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),管理賦(fu)課刑名及旗民(min)交涉等(deng)事宜。光緒三十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))呼(hu)(hu)蘭廳分兩處,呼(hu)(hu)蘭一處,升呼(hu)(hu)蘭廳為(wei)(wei)呼(hu)(hu)蘭府(移到(dao)呼(hu)(hu)蘭城(cheng)),原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)呼(hu)(hu)蘭廳改(gai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)州(zhou),民(min)國(guo)2 年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)州(zhou)改(gai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)形成的(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農業(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)很久。據(ju)(ju)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)土壤志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)載,“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)蘇蘇,周秦(qin)之際(ji)為(wei)(wei)肅慎居住(zhu)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方,以后(hou)為(wei)(wei)夫余、勿(wu)吉,遼金時代為(wei)(wei)女(nv)真部落居住(zhu),在(zai)少(shao)(shao)凌河(he)出(chu)(chu)(chu)土的(de)鏵子證(zheng)(zheng)明金代已有(you)農業(ye)(ye)種(zhong)植。清(qing)(qing)朝放禁(jin)后(hou),隨(sui)著(zhu)移民(min)遷(qian)入(ru),播種(zhong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)日(ri)(ri)益增加(jia),清(qing)(qing)咸豐(feng)(feng)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)蘇蘇大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)開(kai)(kai)荒。”據(ju)(ju)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)載巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)農作物以大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)、谷子、小麥(mai)、高梁(liang)、玉米(mi)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)麥(mai)等(deng)為(wei)(wei)主。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素有(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)之鄉的(de)美謄(teng),栽培大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)悠久,分布廣(guang)泛,種(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)、商(shang)(shang)品量(liang)及向外出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)量(liang),歷(li)(li)(li)來居全省前列。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)印度(du)尼西亞(ya)召開(kai)(kai)的(de)萬(wan)國(guo)博(bo)覽會上(shang)展(zhan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou),博(bo)得國(guo)際(ji)友人的(de)稱謄(teng)。 人文(wen)(wen)推動因(yin)(yin)(yin)素:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)野生大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)(yin)庫。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)唯(wei)一一家(jia)(jia)野生大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保護地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu),保護區面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)2000畝。同時也是(shi)非轉(zhuan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)(yin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和綠(lv)色(se)食(shi)品大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通過(guo)法國(guo)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)(yin)時代認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)非基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)(yin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)10萬(wan)噸,巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)綠(lv)色(se)食(shi)品大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)生產(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)綠(lv)色(se)食(shi)品大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)50萬(wan)畝(10萬(wan)噸),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)無公(gong)害大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)無公(gong)害大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)70萬(wan)畝(14萬(wan)噸)。 獨特的(de)文(wen)(wen)化底蘊:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)生產(chan)(chan)示范縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)示范60萬(wan)畝。改(gai)革開(kai)(kai)放前期,我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)因(yin)(yin)(yin)其(qi)品質(zhi)好、價格低受到(dao)國(guo)內(nei)外客商(shang)(shang)的(de)青睞,1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)-1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)日(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)、韓(han)(han)國(guo)、香(xiang)港、臺灣(wan)等(deng)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區,每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)量(liang)都在(zai)3萬(wan)噸以上(shang),1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以后(hou)隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)內(nei)加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan),我(wo)(wo)國(guo)由(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)國(guo)變為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)進口(kou)國(guo),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)作為(wei)(wei)重要農業(ye)(ye)資源出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)受到(dao)限制(zhi),但(dan)直到(dao)1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),仍(reng)然(ran)有(you)韓(han)(han)國(guo)客商(shang)(shang)在(zai)我(wo)(wo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)天增鎮(zhen)建立專供基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)3萬(wan)畝產(chan)(chan)量(liang)5000噸。據(ju)(ju)國(guo)外客商(shang)(shang)說他們在(zai)對大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)進行(xing)質(zhi)量(liang)檢(jian)測時發(fa)現,巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)異黃銅(tong)比美國(guo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)高出(chu)(chu)(chu)2倍多,達(da)到(dao)3%以上(shang)。
三.地域范圍
產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei):巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆的(de)(de)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)所在的(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)地(di)(di)理(li)位(wei)置(zhi)是(shi)將巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣境(jing)內(nei)3135.2平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)區(qu)域劃定為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)護范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)。境(jing)內(nei)耕地(di)(di)22.67萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃劃定為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)。2007年(nian)種植12萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,年(nian)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)量25萬(wan)噸。 產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)位(wei)置(zhi):巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣位(wei)于黑(hei)(hei)龍江(jiang)省中部偏南(nan)(nan),地(di)(di)處松(song)嫩平(ping)原、松(song)花江(jiang)中游北岸(an),具(ju)體(ti)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)理(li)坐標(biao)(biao)為(wei)(wei)東經126°45′53″-127°42′16″,北緯45°54′28″-46°40′18″。南(nan)(nan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)賓縣隔江(jiang)相望,西(xi)瀕漂河與(yu)(yu)(yu)呼(hu)蘭(lan)為(wei)(wei)鄰(lin),北依泥河與(yu)(yu)(yu)綏化、慶安交界,東臨黃泥河及駱駝砬子山(shan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)木蘭(lan)毗連。縣境(jing)南(nan)(nan)北長(chang)85公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),東西(xi)寬(kuan)72.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),邊界周(zhou)長(chang)338公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),縣城距(ju)哈(ha)市(shi)98公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。 產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)地(di)(di)址:全縣轄18個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆的(de)(de)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志保(bao)護的(de)(de)區(qu)域范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)在巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣內(nei)的(de)(de)18個(ge)行政鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),即巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、松(song)花江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、富江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)港(gang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、西(xi)集鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、豐樂鄉(xiang)(xiang)、興(xing)隆鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、紅光鄉(xiang)(xiang)、萬(wan)發鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、德(de)祥鄉(xiang)(xiang)、天(tian)增鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、山(shan)后鄉(xiang)(xiang)、黑(hei)(hei)山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、龍泉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、華山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、龍廟(miao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洼興(xing)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)東鄉(xiang)(xiang)。其中小城鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)10個(ge)(兩個(ge)建制鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen))、116個(ge)村(三個(ge)少數民族(zu)自治村)、1351個(ge)自然屯、4個(ge)國(guo)(guo)有(you)林(lin)場,2個(ge)國(guo)(guo)有(you)原種場、1個(ge)國(guo)(guo)有(you)種畜場。
四.產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征
1.外(wai)在感官特征:巴(ba)彥大豆籽(zi)粒(li)飽滿,呈黃色(se),粒(li)圓(yuan)型,直徑為(wei)4-9mm之(zhi)間,表(biao)無雜(za),表(biao)面(mian)光滑。
2.內在品(pin)質指標:巴(ba)彥大(da)(da)豆脂肪、蛋白含(han)量(liang)高(gao),非轉基因產(chan)品(pin);大(da)(da)豆營養物質豐富(fu),氨基酸(suan)總量(liang)大(da)(da)于30%,其中谷(gu)氨酸(suan)含(han)量(liang)大(da)(da)于7%,富(fu)含(han)人(ren)體(ti)所 需的(de)多(duo)種維生素(su)、大(da)(da)豆功能因子等(deng),還(huan)含(han)有(you)豐富(fu)的(de)碘、硒(xi)、鐵、鈣、鋅等(deng)對 人(ren)體(ti)有(you)益(yi)的(de)微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su), 其中重要元(yuan)素(su)硒(xi)、鋅含(han)量(liang)更好,硒(xi)0.01 Mg/kg、鋅25Mg/kg以上。有(you)害金屬元(yuan)素(su)比(bi)無(wu)公(gong)害大(da)(da)豆標準限定值低(di)得很多(duo)的(de),巴(ba)彥大(da)(da)豆按無(wu)公(gong)害檢(jian)驗,化學(xue)(xue)農藥殘(can)(can)留(liu)指標中四項(xiang)有(you)三項(xiang)沒檢(jian)驗出(chu),說(shuo)明東(dong)北的(de)農產(chan)品(pin)由于化學(xue)(xue)投(tou)入品(pin)使用控制(zhi)的(de)好,化學(xue)(xue)品(pin)殘(can)(can)留(liu)是極低(di)的(de),農產(chan)品(pin)是安(an)全(quan)的(de)。
3.安(an)全(quan)要求:巴(ba)彥大豆(dou)實行無公害(hai)化生產,進(jin)行無公害(hai)、綠色食品(pin)認證(zheng),巴(ba)彥縣農(nong)產品(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)協會制定高于國(guo)家綠色食品(pin)大豆(dou)的質(zhi)量標(biao)準,并強制執行。
五.特定(ding)生產方式
1.產(chan)地(di)選擇(ze)與特(te)殊內容規定:巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大(da)豆(dou)產(chan)地(di)選擇(ze)在巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣境內是因為巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣地(di)處世界三大(da)黑(hei)(hei)土(tu)地(di)之一的(de)亞洲東北黑(hei)(hei)土(tu)中(zhong),屬亞熱帶季風氣候,非常適合大(da)豆(dou)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),具有得(de)天獨(du)厚的(de)氣候、土(tu)壤、日照等(deng)優勢(shi),巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣的(de)黑(hei)(hei)土(tu)地(di)中(zhong)所含(han)有的(de)大(da)豆(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)元素比例均衡,天然(ran)降雨適中(zhong),促(cu)進了巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大(da)豆(dou)獨(du)特(te)品(pin)質的(de)形(xing)成。
2.品種選擇與特(te)定要求(qiu):巴(ba)彥(yan)大豆以高油、高蛋白(bai)享譽世界,品種以高油、高蛋白(bai)為主,以標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產保持其優良品質。
3.生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)管理:巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大豆(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)者(zhe)執行《巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大豆(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術操作(zuo)規程(cheng)》,對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中使(shi)用的農(nong)藥、肥料進(jin)行嚴(yan)格質(zhi)(zhi)量規范,杜絕有毒有害投入品(pin)及(ji)物品(pin)的使(shi)用,確保大豆(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安(an)全(quan),同(tong)時在生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中及(ji)時進(jin)行質(zhi)(zhi)量檢(jian)查,對(dui)農(nong)戶的農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)化學(xue)品(pin)使(shi)用進(jin)行規范。結(jie)合(he)無公害農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和國家百萬畝綠色(se)食品(pin)基(ji)地的建設,我縣對(dui)全(quan)縣農(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地的環境、投入品(pin)使(shi)用、市場準(zhun)入、質(zhi)(zhi)量科技服(fu)務等各項(xiang)工作(zuo)以(yi)制度(du)的形式進(jin)行規范,制定巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大豆(dou)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)檢(jian)驗標準(zhun),并嚴(yan)格執行。
4.產品(pin)收獲(huo)及產后處理的規定:巴彥(yan)大豆分品(pin)種(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)單獨(du)收割,并(bing)分級分品(pin)種(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)貯存、加工、銷(xiao)售(shou)。對銷(xiao)售(shou)的大豆進(jin)行(xing)備案,實行(xing)追溯制。
5.生產記錄要求:巴彥大豆在(zai)生產中進行(xing)投(tou)入(ru)品使用登記管(guan)理,對農戶進行(xing)統一(yi)的編(bian)(bian)(bian)碼(ma),對其出(chu)售的大豆按(an)編(bian)(bian)(bian)碼(ma)進行(xing)質量追溯。加工(gong)企業收購(gou)實(shi)行(xing)登記式管(guan)理,按(an)農戶編(bian)(bian)(bian)碼(ma)進行(xing)存貯加工(gong)。
六(liu).包裝標識相關(guan)規定
1.包裝(zhuang):巴彥大(da)豆分為1kg、2kg 、5kg 、250kg、90kg的(de)塑袋等包裝(zhuang)。
2.標(biao)(biao)識:標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使用(yong)人應在其產品或其包裝上(shang)統一使用(yong)農產品地理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(巴彥大豆名(ming)稱和公(gong)共(gong)標(biao)(biao)識圖案(an)組合標(biao)(biao)注型(xing)式)。
3.貯藏、運輸(shu):進行(xing)分(fen)級(ji)分(fen)品(pin)種單獨倉儲,專用工具運輸(shu)。