唐(tang)古紅景(jing)(jing)天(Rhodiola tangutica (Maxim.) S. H. Fu),是景(jing)(jing)天科紅景(jing)(jing)天屬的植物,為中國的特有植物。產四川、青(qing)海、甘(gan)肅、寧夏(xia)。
唐古紅景天生長于海拔2000-4700米的(de)高(gao)山石縫中或近水邊(bian)。
唐古紅景天產(chan)自(zi)四川、青海、甘肅、寧夏。模式標(biao)本采自(zi)寧夏。與原變種的區(qu)別,花雌雄異(yi)株,葉狹(xia)線形。原變種產(chan)阿爾太,我們尚未(wei)采到類似標(biao)本。
多年生草本。主(zhu)根粗長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),分(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi);根頸沒有(you)殘留老枝(zhi)(zhi)莖(jing),或(huo)有(you)少數殘留,先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)被三(san)角形鱗片(pian)(pian)。雌雄(xiong)異株。雄(xiong)株花(hua)莖(jing)干后(hou)稻(dao)桿色或(huo)老后(hou)棕褐色,高10-17厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)徑(jing)1.5-2.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。葉線形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1-1.5厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)不(bu)及1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian),無柄。花(hua)序緊密,傘房(fang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang),花(hua)序下有(you)苞葉;萼片(pian)(pian)5,線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.5-0.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun);花(hua)瓣(ban)5,干后(hou)似為粉(fen)紅色,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披(pi)針(zhen)形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian);雄(xiong)蕊(rui)10,對瓣(ban)的長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),在基(ji)部上1.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)著(zhu)生,對萼的長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鱗片(pian)(pian)5,四方形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)0.4毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)有(you)微缺;心皮5,狹披(pi)針(zhen)形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),不(bu)育。雌株花(hua)莖(jing)果時高15-30厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)徑(jing)3毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),棕褐色。葉線形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)8-13毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian)。花(hua)序傘房(fang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang),果時倒(dao)三(san)角形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)寬(kuan)各5厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);萼片(pian)(pian)5,線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3-3.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.5-0.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鈍(dun);花(hua)瓣(ban)5,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披(pi)針(zhen)形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)1-1.2毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian);鱗片(pian)(pian)5,橫長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)0.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)有(you)微缺;蓇葖(tu)5,直(zhi)立(li),狹披(pi)針(zhen)形,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)達1厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),喙(hui)短,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)立(li)或(huo)稍外彎(wan)。花(hua)期5-8月(yue),果期8月(yue)。
醫藥:主軸藥用,有利肺、退燒之效(青海)。
醫藥:根、莖、花(紅景天):澀,寒。退(tui)燒,利肺。用于肺熱咳喘,神(shen)經麻痹癥(zheng)。
列入(ru)中(zhong)國《國家二級保護植物(wu)名錄》;列入(ru)《世界(jie)自(zi)然保護聯盟瀕(bin)危物(wu)種(zhong)紅色名錄》(IUCN)——易危(VU)。
一般中國產定名名為(wei)Rhodiola algida (Ledeb.) Fisch. et Mey.的,編者疑(yi)為(wei)本(ben)變種或其他種。