唐古紅景天(tian)(tian)(Rhodiola tangutica (Maxim.) S. H. Fu),是景天(tian)(tian)科紅景天(tian)(tian)屬的(de)植(zhi)物,為(wei)中國(guo)的(de)特有植(zhi)物。產四(si)川(chuan)、青海、甘肅、寧夏(xia)。
唐(tang)古紅景天生(sheng)長于海拔2000-4700米(mi)的高山石縫(feng)中(zhong)或近(jin)水邊。
唐(tang)古紅景天產(chan)(chan)自四川、青海、甘肅(su)、寧(ning)(ning)夏。模式標本采自寧(ning)(ning)夏。與原變種的區別,花雌雄異(yi)株(zhu),葉狹線形。原變種產(chan)(chan)阿爾太(tai),我們尚(shang)未采到類似標本。
多年(nian)生草本。主根粗長(chang)(chang)(chang),分枝;根頸沒有(you)(you)殘留老(lao)枝莖(jing),或有(you)(you)少數殘留,先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)被三角形(xing)(xing)鱗片(pian)(pian)。雌雄異株。雄株花(hua)(hua)莖(jing)干后稻桿色或老(lao)后棕褐(he)色,高(gao)10-17厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)1.5-2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。葉線形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)1-1.5厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)不及1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸尖(jian),無柄。花(hua)(hua)序(xu)緊密,傘(san)房狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),花(hua)(hua)序(xu)下有(you)(you)苞(bao)葉;萼片(pian)(pian)5,線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)圓形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)0.5-0.6毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun);花(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)5,干后似為(wei)粉(fen)紅(hong)色,長(chang)(chang)(chang)圓狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)披針(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)4毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)0.8毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸尖(jian);雄蕊10,對瓣(ban)的長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),在基部上1.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)著生,對萼的長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鱗片(pian)(pian)5,四方形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)0.4毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)0.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)有(you)(you)微缺;心皮5,狹(xia)披針(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),不育。雌株花(hua)(hua)莖(jing)果(guo)時高(gao)15-30厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),棕褐(he)色。葉線形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)8-13毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸尖(jian)。花(hua)(hua)序(xu)傘(san)房狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),果(guo)時倒三角形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)各5厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);萼片(pian)(pian)5,線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)圓形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)3-3.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)0.5-0.7毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鈍(dun);花(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)5,長(chang)(chang)(chang)圓狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)披針(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)1-1.2毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)漸尖(jian);鱗片(pian)(pian)5,橫長(chang)(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)0.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)0.7毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)有(you)(you)微缺;蓇葖5,直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立,狹(xia)披針(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)達(da)1厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),喙短,長(chang)(chang)(chang)1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立或稍外彎。花(hua)(hua)期5-8月,果(guo)期8月。
醫藥(yao):主(zhu)軸藥(yao)用(yong),有利肺、退燒之效(青海)。
醫藥:根(gen)、莖、花(紅景天):澀,寒。退燒(shao),利肺(fei)(fei)。用于肺(fei)(fei)熱咳喘,神(shen)經麻痹癥。
列(lie)入中國(guo)《國(guo)家二(er)級保(bao)護(hu)植物名(ming)(ming)錄》;列(lie)入《世界(jie)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)聯(lian)盟瀕危物種紅色名(ming)(ming)錄》(IUCN)——易(yi)危(VU)。
一般中(zhong)國產定(ding)名名為(wei)Rhodiola algida (Ledeb.) Fisch. et Mey.的,編(bian)者疑為(wei)本變種或其他(ta)種。