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發展歷史

城(cheng)隍廟始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于明洪(hong)武八年(nian)(1375年(nian))，距今已(yi)600余年(nian)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)國后，經(jing)過(guo)政府多(duo)次撥(bo)款修(xiu)繕，基本(ben)保(bao)持了原(yuan)貌。是陜西省現(xian)存最完整的明清建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)之一。坐(zuo)落在(zai)城(cheng)內東渠(qu)(qu)岸(漢(han)白(bai)渠(qu)(qu))北，坐(zuo)北朝南(nan)，東西寬52米，南(nan)北長212米，占(zhan)地總面積11024平方米。整個建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)體(ti)現(xian)了宮(gong)殿(dian)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)特點，采取多(duo)層院，縱深(shen)發展，中軸為線，左(zuo)右對(dui)稱(cheng)的布局方式(shi)。主體(ti)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)在(zai)中軸線北端，東、西兩廊及鐘、鼓樓(lou)分設(she)在(zai)中軸線兩側(ce)，中間甬道筆直到底，其(qi)間四(si)座木、石牌坊，重重院落重重門，引人入勝。

三原縣博物館

廟門前大照壁建(jian)于明(ming)嘉(jia)靖(jing)二十九年(1550年)。壁高10米(mi)，寬9．5米(mi)，厚1．65米(mi)，為(wei)青(qing)磚透雕裝飾(shi)，結構為(wei)歇山一字式。壁心由(you)25塊巨形方(fang)磚組砌(qi)而(er)成，上(shang)有(you)浮雕“老龍訓子”圖(tu)，為(wei)城隍廟點(dian)題之作(zuo)；石質基座上(shang)有(you)浮雕“喜鵲鬧梅”、“太公垂釣”等圖(tu)案(an)，刀法精(jing)湛，栩(xu)(xu)栩(xu)(xu)如生。

鐵旗桿建于清咸(xian)豐年間，照(zhao)壁北(bei)邊東西各1個。高13米，共(gong)重兩萬余斤。用生(sheng)鐵鑄成，有龍、斗(dou)、旗、朱(zhu)雀等物(wu)裝飾。鐵龍纏繞旗桿，翹首向(xiang)天，姿態生(sheng)動。頂上一幅鐵對(dui)聯為“畿察(cha)動先”、“念(nian)知幽處(chu)”。造型風(feng)格(ge)獨特，國內(nei)少見。

大門外木牌(pai)坊位于大門外青石臺基(ji)上，高(gao)13米，長(chang)15米。坊頂為(wei)九(jiu)脊(ji)歇山，四(si)根通柱承托(tuo)，斗拱為(wei)六跳(tiao)八(ba)鋪作，布置為(wei)倒梯形。邊卯為(wei)45度(du)角(jiao)相(xiang)交，與正卯吻合(he)，結(jie)構奇巧。自清咸(xian)豐三(san)年(1853年)修葺(qi)保存(cun)至今(jin)。

大(da)門(men)(men)位于(yu)木牌坊北，為(wei)城隍(huang)廟(miao)第一(yi)進。正門(men)(men)旁有(you)東西二側門(men)(men)，門(men)(men)外八字墻上(shang)有(you)磚雕“鯉魚(yu)躍(yue)龍門(men)(men)”、“魚(yu)龍變(bian)化圖”。門(men)(men)樓高15米，長15米，為(wei)九(jiu)脊重檐歇山。脊眉上(shang)置有(you)2．5l米高的“高明樓’’和“鎮(zhen)獅寶塔(ta)”，正吻系背獸(shou)龍。主門(men)(men)樓由4根通柱、4個(ge)鉆(zhan)角斗拱(gong)、4個(ge)補間斗拱(gong)構成8個(ge)受力立方(fang)位，圍繞懸(xuan)(xuan)柱銜接，承載整個(ge)負荷重量。因(yin)在懸(xuan)(xuan)柱及八個(ge)方(fang)位上(shang)畫(hua)有(you)八卦(gua)符號和太極圖，故(gu)名(ming)八卦(gua)懸(xuan)(xuan)頂無梁門(men)(men)。大(da)門(men)(men)檐上(shang)有(you)邑人崔紹書“顯(xian)佑城隍(huang)廟(miao)”匾額，蒼勁有(you)力，金(jin)碧輝(hui)煌。門(men)(men)楣匾上(shang)楷(kai)書“城隍(huang)廟(miao)”，藍底金(jin)字，書法渾圓潤厚，相傳為(wei)清代狀元韓(han)城人王杰所(suo)書。

建筑布局

城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)古建(jian)筑群總面(mian)積13,390平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，它以(yi)均(jun)衡對稱方(fang)式把樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、廊、廡(wu)等(deng)四(si)十(shi)多個(ge)單座建(jian)筑，按主次分布(bu)在(zai)縱橫軸線(xian)上，全部建(jian)筑琉璃蓋(gai)頂、雕(diao)(diao)(diao)梁(liang)畫棟、結構(gou)嚴謹、肅(su)穆壯觀(guan)(guan)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)前(qian)(qian)(qian)有歇山(shan)(shan)一(yi)字(zi)型水磨磚影壁，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)十(shi)余(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，中間(jian)(jian)(jian)鑲嵌有透雕(diao)(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)(de)鯉魚(yu)跳龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、影壁前(qian)(qian)(qian)鑄有兩(liang)(liang)萬(wan)余(yu)斤重的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)對鐵旗桿(gan)，鐵龍(long)(long)(long)纏繞、氣宇軒昂。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西八(ba)(ba)字(zi)墻上有蒼龍(long)(long)(long)訓子和(he)(he)(he)魚(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)變化磚雕(diao)(diao)(diao)，形象逼真。正(zheng)(zheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)前(qian)(qian)(qian)建(jian)造一(yi)座12米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)歇山(shan)(shan)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，坊(fang)(fang)額上書(shu)威靈昭(zhao)應詞(ci)，坊(fang)(fang)上木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)龍(long)(long)(long)戲珠(zhu)、鳳還巢、獅(shi)子滾(gun)繡球等(deng)吉祥圖案。牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)九脊重檐歇山(shan)(shan)建(jian)筑，又(you)稱八(ba)(ba)卦懸頂無梁(liang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，因(yin)為(wei)無梁(liang)檁，由十(shi)根明柱支(zhi)撐，在(zai)懸柱和(he)(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)組斗拱(gong)方(fang)位上雕(diao)(diao)(diao)繪著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)太(tai)極圖和(he)(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)卦符(fu)號(hao)而(er)得(de)名。大門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)通內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)中軸線(xian)上有三(san)米(mi)(mi)(mi)寬青(qing)石路貫通南北(bei)(bei)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)內(nei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西兩(liang)(liang)邊上碑廊，鑲嵌有岳飛(fei)書(shu)寫(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)出師表石刻，因(yin)其志盡(jin)文(wen)暢(chang)、書(shu)法飄逸、雕(diao)(diao)(diao)刻精湛，故有三(san)絕碑之稱。向北(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)第二道木(mu)(mu)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，上書(shu)陟降(jiang)在(zai)茲(zi)下雕(diao)(diao)(diao)堯王訪賢、岳飛(fei)趕考、李白醉寫(xie)(xie)等(deng)歷史(shi)故事(shi)。再向北(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)第三(san)道石牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，上刻明靈保障(zhang)，堅匾上刻監觀(guan)(guan)二字(zi)，額枋上雕(diao)(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)八(ba)(ba)學士登(deng)贏洲、三(san)顧茅(mao)廬等(deng)歷史(shi)故事(shi)，石牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)戲樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，雀(que)替(ti)等(deng)構(gou)架(jia)上木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)蒼龍(long)(long)(long)戲鰲、鳴鳳朝(chao)陽(yang)、龍(long)(long)(long)吟虎嘯(xiao)、威獅(shi)祥麟等(deng)飛(fei)禽走(zou)獸(shou)。穿過(guo)戲樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，進入廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)中院(yuan)，院(yuan)內(nei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)廡(wu)周環，曲屋連屬。東(dong)(dong)(dong)西十(shi)八(ba)(ba)間(jian)(jian)(jian)廊房(fang)內(nei)昔日有十(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)閻君、十(shi)八(ba)(ba)層地獄塑(su)像，今為(wei)唐代出土文(wen)物和(he)(he)(he)歷代瓷器(qi)陳列展室(shi)。中院(yuan)兩(liang)(liang)邊有對峙的(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)均(jun)為(wei)14.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)是(shi)(shi)三(san)重檐十(shi)字(zi)歇山(shan)(shan)式建(jian)筑，樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)體(ti)承托(tuo)在(zai)十(shi)二根明柱上。鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)緊接著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)陪(pei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中央是(shi)(shi)第四(si)道木(mu)(mu)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)13米(mi)(mi)(mi)上刻明靈奠估(gu)。坊(fang)(fang)上斗拱(gong)重疊，木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)滿棱，有八(ba)(ba)仙過(guo)海、圮橋納履、女蝸補天(tian)等(deng)歷史(shi)故事(shi)。昂頭上木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)58個(ge)童子，形制俊秀各(ge)異。中院(yuan)正(zheng)(zheng)北(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)七級(ji)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)臺(tai)上是(shi)(shi)由拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)獻(xian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)隍大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)，建(jian)筑面(mian)積736平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)獻(xian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)有塑(su)像6米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)隍神像和(he)(he)(he)四(si)大天(tian)王、送子娘娘、城(cheng)(cheng)隍夫人和(he)(he)(he)鐘(zhong)馗塑(su)像。拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)陳列著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)21幅反(fan)映十(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)閻君、十(shi)八(ba)(ba)層地獄廟(miao)藏畫。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)有1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)明臺(tai)，臺(tai)周有石欄桿(gan)圍護，明臺(tai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西分別立(li)有洪(hong)武二年(1369)明太(tai)祖敕建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)誥(gao)命石牌(pai)和(he)(he)(he)萬(wan)歷年間(jian)(jian)(jian)鐵鑄6.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)焚紙爐(lu)。城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)寢宮(gong)，面(mian)積697平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，由門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、亭、廊、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)組成(cheng)并以(yi)厚(hou)墻密(mi)封，緊連宮(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)與(yu)寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)明亭，把宮(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)與(yu)寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)聯為(wei)一(yi)體(ti)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西是(shi)(shi)寢宮(gong)廊房(fang)。寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)18米(mi)(mi)(mi)。三(san)重檐，樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上下均(jun)為(wei)回廊，今為(wei)于右任(ren)書(shu)法廳(ting)，寢宮(gong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)為(wei)財神殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。此外還有東(dong)(dong)(dong)西道院(yuan)及兩(liang)(liang)座經堂。

館藏文物

館內收(shou)藏文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)3000多(duo)件(jian)(jian)，碑石150多(duo)通，現已展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)(chu)的唐(tang)代出(chu)(chu)土文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)200余件(jian)(jian)，歷代瓷器150余件(jian)(jian)古字畫(hua)等。三原博物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)館現有(you)館藏文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2425（組），其中(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)10件(jian)(jian)，二(er)級(ji)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)108件(jian)(jian)，三級(ji)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)329件(jian)(jian)，一(yi)般和(he)未定級(ji)文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1972件(jian)(jian)，以岳飛書(shu)諸葛亮前(qian)后出(chu)(chu)師表、宋、金(jin)、元時期的耀(yao)州窯(yao)系青瓷、黑慈、于右(you)任(ren)(ren)書(shu)法(fa)作品、明(ming)清(qing)字畫(hua)和(he)唐(tang)李(li)壽墓(mu)(mu)、臧懷(huai)亮墓(mu)(mu)出(chu)(chu)土文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等為(wei)世稱(cheng)(cheng)頌。 博物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)館基本(ben)陳(chen)列有(you)“唐(tang)帶出(chu)(chu)土文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”、“于右(you)任(ren)(ren)書(shu)法(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”、“十殿閻(yan)(yan)君廟(miao)藏畫(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”、“歷代雕刻藝(yi)術展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”。“唐(tang)代出(chu)(chu)土文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”陳(chen)列展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)(chu)李(li)壽墓(mu)(mu)和(he)臧懷(huai)亮墓(mu)(mu)出(chu)(chu)土的唐(tang)代文物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)近百件(jian)(jian)，主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)各類陶俑、墓(mu)(mu)志(zhi)等。“于右(you)任(ren)(ren)書(shu)法(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”主(zhu)要(yao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)(chu)30余件(jian)(jian)于右(you)任(ren)(ren)早年書(shu)法(fa)珍品，最為(wei)突(tu)出(chu)(chu)的是于右(you)任(ren)(ren)書(shu)南(nan)宋陸游“初冬雜題(ti)”詩(shi)巨幅草書(shu)中(zhong)堂，內容為(wei)“莫嫌風雨作新寒，一(yi)樹青楓(feng)已半(ban)丹。身(shen)在范寬圖畫(hua)里，小(xiao)樓西角剩憑欄。”筆力雄厚，結構嚴謹(jin)，章(zhang)法(fa)合理。“十殿閻(yan)(yan)君藏畫(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”共(gong)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)(chu)21幅明(ming)、清(qing)民間畫(hua)工(gong)根(gen)據道教所傳繪畫(hua)的十殿閻(yan)(yan)君，俗稱(cheng)(cheng)廟(miao)畫(hua)，屬宗教繪畫(hua)類，畫(hua)史通稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)道釋畫(hua)。廟(miao)藏畫(hua)陳(chen)列，旨在向觀(guan)眾(zhong)和(he)神(shen)秘文化(hua)探討者提供(gong)鑒(jian)賞和(he)研究明(ming)、清(qing)社會、宗教活動級(ji)民間繪畫(hua)史料。

參觀信息

門票價格：42元

交通：西安城北客運站、咸陽汽車(che)站乘開往三(san)原方向的班車(che)。

開放時間：春節前10日休整，其(qi)余全年開放。早8：30——下(xia)午17：30

地理位置：三原縣博物館(guan)位(wei)于(yu)陜西省三原縣城東(dong)大街。

郵編:713800