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發展歷史

城隍廟始建(jian)于明(ming)洪武(wu)八年(nian)(1375年(nian))，距今已600余年(nian)。建(jian)國后，經過(guo)政府多(duo)次撥款修繕，基本保持了(le)(le)原貌。是陜西(xi)省現(xian)(xian)存最完整的明(ming)清建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群之一。坐(zuo)落在城內東渠岸(漢白渠)北(bei)(bei)，坐(zuo)北(bei)(bei)朝南(nan)，東西(xi)寬52米(mi)，南(nan)北(bei)(bei)長212米(mi)，占地總面積(ji)11024平(ping)方米(mi)。整個(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群體現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)宮(gong)殿(dian)式建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)特(te)點，采取多(duo)層院，縱深發展，中(zhong)軸為(wei)線(xian)，左右對稱的布局(ju)方式。主(zhu)體建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在中(zhong)軸線(xian)北(bei)(bei)端(duan)，東、西(xi)兩廊及鐘、鼓樓分設在中(zhong)軸線(xian)兩側，中(zhong)間甬道筆直(zhi)到底，其間四座木(mu)、石牌(pai)坊，重重院落重重門，引人入勝。

三原縣博物館

廟門前(qian)大照(zhao)壁建于明嘉靖二十九年(nian)(1550年(nian))。壁高10米，寬9．5米，厚1．65米，為青磚(zhuan)透(tou)雕裝飾，結構(gou)為歇山一字式。壁心由25塊巨形方(fang)磚(zhuan)組(zu)砌而成，上有浮雕“老(lao)龍訓子”圖(tu)，為城隍廟點(dian)題之作；石質基(ji)座上有浮雕“喜鵲鬧(nao)梅”、“太公垂釣”等圖(tu)案，刀(dao)法(fa)精湛，栩栩如生(sheng)。

鐵旗桿建于清咸豐年間(jian)，照壁北(bei)邊東西各1個。高(gao)13米，共重兩萬(wan)余斤。用生鐵鑄(zhu)成，有龍、斗、旗、朱雀等(deng)物(wu)裝飾。鐵龍纏繞旗桿，翹首(shou)向天，姿(zi)態生動。頂(ding)上一幅(fu)鐵對聯為“畿察動先(xian)”、“念知(zhi)幽(you)處”。造型風(feng)格獨特，國內少見。

大門(men)外(wai)(wai)木牌坊(fang)(fang)位(wei)于大門(men)外(wai)(wai)青石臺基上，高13米(mi)，長15米(mi)。坊(fang)(fang)頂為(wei)九脊歇山，四根通柱承托，斗拱為(wei)六跳八鋪作，布置為(wei)倒梯形。邊卯(mao)為(wei)45度角相交，與正卯(mao)吻合，結構奇巧。自清咸豐三年(1853年)修葺保存至(zhi)今。

大門(men)(men)(men)(men)位于(yu)木牌坊北，為城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)第(di)一進。正(zheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)旁有東西二側門(men)(men)(men)(men)，門(men)(men)(men)(men)外八(ba)字墻上有磚雕“鯉魚躍(yue)龍(long)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”、“魚龍(long)變(bian)化圖”。門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)高(gao)15米，長15米，為九脊重(zhong)檐(yan)歇山。脊眉上置有2．5l米高(gao)的“高(gao)明樓(lou)’’和“鎮獅(shi)寶(bao)塔”，正(zheng)吻系背獸龍(long)。主(zhu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)由4根通柱、4個(ge)(ge)鉆角(jiao)斗拱、4個(ge)(ge)補間斗拱構成8個(ge)(ge)受力立(li)方位，圍繞懸(xuan)柱銜接，承(cheng)載整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)負荷重(zhong)量。因在懸(xuan)柱及八(ba)個(ge)(ge)方位上畫(hua)有八(ba)卦符號和太極圖，故名八(ba)卦懸(xuan)頂無梁(liang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。大門(men)(men)(men)(men)檐(yan)上有邑人(ren)崔紹(shao)書“顯佑城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)”匾額，蒼勁有力，金碧輝煌。門(men)(men)(men)(men)楣匾上楷(kai)書“城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)”，藍底金字，書法渾圓潤厚，相(xiang)傳為清代狀元韓城(cheng)人(ren)王杰(jie)所書。

建筑布局

城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群總面(mian)積13,390平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)，它(ta)以均(jun)衡對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)方式把樓(lou)(lou)、殿(dian)(dian)、廊(lang)、廡(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多個單座建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，按主次分布在縱橫軸線(xian)上(shang)(shang)，全部建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)琉璃蓋頂、雕(diao)(diao)梁畫(hua)(hua)棟(dong)、結構嚴謹(jin)、肅穆壯觀(guan)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)前(qian)有(you)歇山(shan)(shan)一(yi)字(zi)(zi)型(xing)水磨(mo)磚影壁，高(gao)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余米(mi)(mi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)鑲(xiang)嵌有(you)透雕(diao)(diao)的(de)鯉魚(yu)跳龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、影壁前(qian)鑄有(you)兩萬(wan)(wan)余斤重的(de)一(yi)對(dui)(dui)鐵旗桿，鐵龍(long)(long)(long)纏繞、氣宇軒昂。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西八(ba)(ba)(ba)字(zi)(zi)墻上(shang)(shang)有(you)蒼(cang)龍(long)(long)(long)訓子和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)魚(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)變(bian)化磚雕(diao)(diao)，形象逼(bi)真。正(zheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)前(qian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造一(yi)座12米(mi)(mi)高(gao)的(de)歇山(shan)(shan)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)，坊(fang)額(e)(e)上(shang)(shang)書(shu)威靈(ling)昭應詞(ci)，坊(fang)上(shang)(shang)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)龍(long)(long)(long)戲(xi)(xi)珠、鳳還巢、獅子滾(gun)繡球等(deng)(deng)(deng)吉祥(xiang)圖(tu)案。牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，高(gao)15米(mi)(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)九脊重檐(yan)歇山(shan)(shan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，又(you)稱(cheng)八(ba)(ba)(ba)卦懸(xuan)頂無梁門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)無梁檁，由(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根明(ming)柱支撐(cheng)，在懸(xuan)柱和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)(ba)組斗(dou)(dou)拱方位(wei)上(shang)(shang)雕(diao)(diao)繪著(zhu)(zhu)太(tai)極圖(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)(ba)卦符號(hao)而得名。大(da)(da)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)通(tong)內的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸線(xian)上(shang)(shang)有(you)三(san)米(mi)(mi)寬青石路貫通(tong)南北(bei)(bei)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)內東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西兩邊(bian)上(shang)(shang)碑(bei)廊(lang)，鑲(xiang)嵌有(you)岳飛書(shu)寫的(de)前(qian)后(hou)出師表石刻(ke)，因(yin)其志盡文暢(chang)、書(shu)法飄逸、雕(diao)(diao)刻(ke)精湛，故有(you)三(san)絕碑(bei)之(zhi)稱(cheng)。向北(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)第(di)(di)二(er)道(dao)木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)，上(shang)(shang)書(shu)陟降在茲下雕(diao)(diao)堯王訪賢、岳飛趕考(kao)、李白(bai)醉(zui)寫等(deng)(deng)(deng)歷史(shi)故事。再向北(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)第(di)(di)三(san)道(dao)石牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)，上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)明(ming)靈(ling)保障(zhang)，堅匾(bian)上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)監(jian)觀(guan)二(er)字(zi)(zi)，額(e)(e)枋上(shang)(shang)雕(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)學(xue)士登贏(ying)洲、三(san)顧茅廬(lu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)歷史(shi)故事，石牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)，雀(que)替(ti)等(deng)(deng)(deng)構架上(shang)(shang)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)蒼(cang)龍(long)(long)(long)戲(xi)(xi)鰲(ao)、鳴鳳朝陽、龍(long)(long)(long)吟虎嘯、威獅祥(xiang)麟等(deng)(deng)(deng)飛禽走獸。穿過戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)，進(jin)入(ru)廟(miao)(miao)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)院(yuan)，院(yuan)內殿(dian)(dian)廡(wu)周(zhou)環，曲屋連(lian)屬。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)間(jian)廊(lang)房內昔日有(you)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)閻君、十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)層地獄塑像(xiang)(xiang)，今(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)唐代出土文物(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)歷代瓷器(qi)陳列展室(shi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)院(yuan)兩邊(bian)有(you)對(dui)(dui)峙的(de)鐘鼓樓(lou)(lou)，高(gao)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)14.5米(mi)(mi)是(shi)(shi)三(san)重檐(yan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)字(zi)(zi)歇山(shan)(shan)式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，樓(lou)(lou)體承托在十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)根明(ming)柱上(shang)(shang)。鐘鼓樓(lou)(lou)緊接著(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)陪殿(dian)(dian)。廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央是(shi)(shi)第(di)(di)四(si)道(dao)木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)，高(gao)13米(mi)(mi)上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)明(ming)靈(ling)奠估。坊(fang)上(shang)(shang)斗(dou)(dou)拱重疊(die)，木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)滿(man)棱，有(you)八(ba)(ba)(ba)仙過海(hai)、圮橋納履、女蝸補天等(deng)(deng)(deng)歷史(shi)故事。昂頭(tou)上(shang)(shang)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)58個童(tong)子，形制俊秀各異(yi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)院(yuan)正(zheng)北(bei)(bei)的(de)七級高(gao)臺上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)由(you)拜殿(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)獻殿(dian)(dian)組成的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)。殿(dian)(dian)高(gao)15米(mi)(mi)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積736平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)獻殿(dian)(dian)內有(you)塑像(xiang)(xiang)6米(mi)(mi)高(gao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)神像(xiang)(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)四(si)大(da)(da)天王、送子娘(niang)娘(niang)、城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)夫人(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)鐘馗(kui)塑像(xiang)(xiang)。拜殿(dian)(dian)內陳列著(zhu)(zhu)21幅(fu)反映十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)閻君、十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)層地獄廟(miao)(miao)藏畫(hua)(hua)。殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)有(you)1.2米(mi)(mi)高(gao)明(ming)臺，臺周(zhou)有(you)石欄桿圍護，明(ming)臺東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西分別立(li)有(you)洪武二(er)年(1369)明(ming)太(tai)祖敕建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)的(de)誥命石牌(pai)(pai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)萬(wan)(wan)歷年間(jian)鐵鑄6.5米(mi)(mi)高(gao)的(de)焚紙爐。城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)寢宮，面(mian)積697平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)，由(you)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、亭、廊(lang)、殿(dian)(dian)、樓(lou)(lou)組成并以厚墻密封，緊連(lian)宮門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)與寢殿(dian)(dian)的(de)明(ming)亭，把宮門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)與寢殿(dian)(dian)聯為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)體，東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西是(shi)(shi)寢宮廊(lang)房。寢殿(dian)(dian)高(gao)18米(mi)(mi)。三(san)重檐(yan)，樓(lou)(lou)上(shang)(shang)下均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)回廊(lang)，今(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)于(yu)右任書(shu)法廳，寢宮東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)財神殿(dian)(dian)。此外還有(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西道(dao)院(yuan)及兩座經堂(tang)。

館藏文物

館(guan)內收藏文(wen)(wen)物(wu)3000多件，碑石150多通，現(xian)已展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)的(de)唐(tang)代(dai)出(chu)土(tu)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)200余件，歷代(dai)瓷器150余件古字畫(hua)(hua)(hua)等。三(san)原博物(wu)館(guan)現(xian)有(you)(you)館(guan)藏文(wen)(wen)物(wu)2425（組(zu)），其中一級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)10件，二級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)108件，三(san)級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)329件，一般和(he)(he)未定級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)1972件，以(yi)岳飛書(shu)(shu)諸葛亮前后出(chu)師表(biao)、宋(song)(song)、金、元時(shi)期的(de)耀州窯(yao)系青(qing)瓷、黑慈、于(yu)右(you)任書(shu)(shu)法(fa)(fa)作品、明(ming)清(qing)(qing)字畫(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)唐(tang)李(li)壽墓(mu)、臧懷(huai)亮墓(mu)出(chu)土(tu)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)等為(wei)(wei)世稱(cheng)頌。 博物(wu)館(guan)基(ji)本陳列(lie)有(you)(you)“唐(tang)帶出(chu)土(tu)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”、“于(yu)右(you)任書(shu)(shu)法(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”、“十殿(dian)閻(yan)君(jun)(jun)廟藏畫(hua)(hua)(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”、“歷代(dai)雕刻藝術展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”。“唐(tang)代(dai)出(chu)土(tu)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”陳列(lie)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)李(li)壽墓(mu)和(he)(he)臧懷(huai)亮墓(mu)出(chu)土(tu)的(de)唐(tang)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)近(jin)百(bai)件，主要有(you)(you)各類(lei)陶俑、墓(mu)志等。“于(yu)右(you)任書(shu)(shu)法(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”主要展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)30余件于(yu)右(you)任早年書(shu)(shu)法(fa)(fa)珍品，最(zui)為(wei)(wei)突出(chu)的(de)是于(yu)右(you)任書(shu)(shu)南宋(song)(song)陸游(you)“初(chu)冬雜題”詩巨幅草書(shu)(shu)中堂，內容為(wei)(wei)“莫(mo)嫌風雨(yu)作新寒，一樹青(qing)楓已半丹。身在(zai)(zai)范寬圖畫(hua)(hua)(hua)里(li)，小樓西(xi)角剩憑(ping)欄。”筆力(li)雄厚(hou)，結構嚴(yan)謹，章法(fa)(fa)合理。“十殿(dian)閻(yan)君(jun)(jun)藏畫(hua)(hua)(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”共展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)21幅明(ming)、清(qing)(qing)民間(jian)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)工根據道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)所傳(chuan)繪畫(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)十殿(dian)閻(yan)君(jun)(jun)，俗稱(cheng)廟畫(hua)(hua)(hua)，屬(shu)宗教(jiao)(jiao)繪畫(hua)(hua)(hua)類(lei)，畫(hua)(hua)(hua)史通稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)道(dao)釋(shi)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)。廟藏畫(hua)(hua)(hua)陳列(lie)，旨在(zai)(zai)向(xiang)觀眾和(he)(he)神秘文(wen)(wen)化探討者提供鑒賞和(he)(he)研究明(ming)、清(qing)(qing)社會、宗教(jiao)(jiao)活動(dong)級民間(jian)繪畫(hua)(hua)(hua)史料(liao)。

參觀信息

門票價格：42元

交通：西(xi)安城北客(ke)運(yun)站、咸陽汽車站乘(cheng)開往三原方(fang)向的班車。

開放時間：春節前10日(ri)休整，其(qi)余全年開(kai)放。早8：30——下午17：30

地理位置：三原縣(xian)博物館位于陜(shan)西省三原縣(xian)城東大(da)街。

郵編:713800