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基本介紹

玄奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)又名(ming)唐(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)，位于(yu)(yu)偃師緱氏(shi)鎮唐(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)村北(bei)，緊傍207國(guo)道，玄奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)始建于(yu)(yu)北(bei)魏，原名(ming)靈巖(yan)寺(si)(si)(si)，隋大業年(nian)間(公元605-618年(nian))幼年(nian)的玄奘(zhuang)曾(ceng)多次到該寺(si)(si)(si)聆聽佛法，玄奘(zhuang)取(qu)經返回(hui)后曾(ceng)回(hui)寺(si)(si)(si)看望(wang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)眾，被譽為(wei)(wei)大德、大善之人，為(wei)(wei)了(le)弘揚他堅毅卓絕的精神(shen)，又改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“興善寺(si)(si)(si)",唐(tang)太宗曾(ceng)賜(si)地(di)40頃(qing)敕令重修，武(wu)周圣歷二年(nian)(公元699年(nian))武(wu)則天(tian)自神(shen)都(dou)洛陽出(chu)發(fa)，登(deng)封中(zhong)岳，路(lu)過該寺(si)(si)(si)，也曾(ceng)賜(si)金重修，并賜(si)地(di)百(bai)頃(qing)。后人為(wei)(wei)表示(shi)對玄奘(zhuang)法師的懷念，又改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)。1996年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)佛教協會會長(chang)趙樸初(chu)老居士拜謁唐(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)，提議(yi)更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“玄奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)"并親(qin)題“玄奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)"匾額。

在我國，提(ti)起《西游記(ji)》里(li)的唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)，真(zhen)是無人不(bu)知，無人不(bu)曉。唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)的原型就(jiu)是唐(tang)(tang)朝(chao)的玄奘。唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)，唐(tang)(tang)玄奘，姓(xing)陳名祎，洛(luo)陽偃師人，出生于河(he)南省(sheng)偃師市緱(gou)氏鎮北約1公里(li)處(chu)的陳河(he)村。

他(ta)(ta)13歲(sui)(sui)時(shi)跟隨二(er)哥到(dao)(dao)洛(luo)陽(yang)凈土(tu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)出(chu)家(jia)，貞觀(guan)初隨商人(ren)(ren)(ren)往游(you)西(xi)(xi)域(yu)十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，撰《西(xi)(xi)域(yu)記》十二(er)卷。貞觀(guan)十九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，歸至(zhi)京師(shi)(shi)，為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國佛(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)傳(chuan)播(bo)作出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)貢獻。貞觀(guan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)627年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))，他(ta)(ta)遠游(you)印(yin)(yin)度，精(jing)心(xin)鉆研佛(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)經(jing)(jing)典(dian)。17年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后，他(ta)(ta)回到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)長安(an)，在(zai)弘福寺(si)(si)(si)(si)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)慈恩(en)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)等(deng)地(di)(di)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)書譯經(jing)(jing)。主(zhu)要(yao)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)作有《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)西(xi)(xi)域(yu)記》、《會宗論》、《制(zhi)惡見論》等(deng)，翻譯印(yin)(yin)度佛(fo)經(jing)(jing)75部(bu)，共1335卷，為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)印(yin)(yin)兩(liang)(liang)國的(de)(de)(de)文化(hua)交流做出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)貢獻。玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)一生影響巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，在(zai)佛(fo)學界有千古(gu)一人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)譽，為(wei)(wei)世人(ren)(ren)(ren)所敬(jing)仰。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)位(wei)于洛(luo)陽(yang)東(dong)南(nan)40公(gong)里(li)(li)處207國道北側，偃師(shi)(shi)市緱氏鎮(zhen)東(dong)南(nan)約兩(liang)(liang)公(gong)里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)村北,北距玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)故里(li)(li)約4公(gong)里(li)(li)，玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)病故后，有說(shuo)葬(zang)于緱氏鎮(zhen)東(dong)南(nan)3.5公(gong)里(li)(li)處的(de)(de)(de)白鹿原。在(zai)這里(li)(li)，玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)9歲(sui)(sui)時(shi)常隨家(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)到(dao)(dao)靈(ling)巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)聽經(jing)(jing)，后被收為(wei)(wei)俗(su)家(jia)弟(di)子(zi)。為(wei)(wei)紀念玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)，靈(ling)巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)“唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”，寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)北墻外(wai)即為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)墓。“西(xi)(xi)天(tian)(tian)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)”成名后，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)弘揚他(ta)(ta)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)善大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)德的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)，改(gai)名為(wei)(wei)“興善寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)太宗曾賜(si)(si)給該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)土(tu)地(di)(di)40頃，并勒(le)令對其進行重(zhong)修(xiu)。公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)699年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，武則天(tian)(tian)從神(shen)(shen)都洛(luo)陽(yang)出(chu)發(fa)(fa)，幸(xing)登封(feng)中(zhong)岳(yue)時(shi)，路過(guo)該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，也曾賜(si)(si)金重(zhong)修(xiu)該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，并賜(si)(si)地(di)(di)百頃。明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，又改(gai)名為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。至(zhi)今，在(zai)院(yuan)內(nei)上殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)還保存有古(gu)碑(bei)多方(fang)(fang)，記載著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)歷(li)代(dai)修(xiu)葺(qi)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)情況。有：明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)丙辰(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1616年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)修(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)；清(qing)(qing)康(kang)熙四十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1707年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))建火神(shen)(shen)廟碑(bei)；清(qing)(qing)同治十三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1874年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)上殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又重(zhong)修(xiu)碑(bei)；清(qing)(qing)光緒三十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))修(xiu)繕唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)；重(zhong)修(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)伽藍(lan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)碑(bei)；修(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)神(shen)(shen)位(wei)碑(bei)等(deng)。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)隨著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)代(dai)風兩(liang)(liang)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)原來的(de)(de)(de)規模是相當(dang)宏大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇壯觀(guan)、香火旺盛。清(qing)(qing)朝末年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)尚保存有建筑幾(ji)(ji)十間，建有天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雄、白衣、伽藍(lan)等(deng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)兩(liang)(liang)側還有鐘鼓樓、藏經(jing)(jing)閣等(deng)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)后院(yuan)有古(gu)柏(bo)100多株．古(gu)碑(bei)100余方(fang)(fang)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)北墻外(wai)有僧(seng)(seng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)墓地(di)(di)，范(fan)圍達50余畝。傳(chuan)說(shuo)靈(ling)巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)有古(gu)松(song)(song)一棵，在(zai)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)赴西(xi)(xi)天(tian)(tian)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)之(zhi)前，曾用手摸著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)松(song)(song)枝說(shuo)：我去西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)，你可以向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)長；如我要(yao)回來了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，你便向(xiang)東(dong)長，以便使我弟(di)子(zi)知(zhi)道。等(deng)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)西(xi)(xi)行后，松(song)(song)枝每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)，長了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)幾(ji)(ji)丈；有一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)枝突然(ran)回向(xiang)東(dong)方(fang)(fang)，門人(ren)(ren)(ren)弟(di)子(zi)都說(shuo)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)要(yao)回來了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。于是一同迎(ying)接，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)果然(ran)返回了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。后人(ren)(ren)(ren)遂稱(cheng)(cheng)此松(song)(song)為(wei)(wei)“摸頭松(song)(song)”。但現在(zai)院(yuan)內(nei)只剩殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)兩(liang)(liang)座：天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又稱(cheng)(cheng)“下殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，中(zhong)間供(gong)奉彌勒(le)佛(fo)塑像(xiang)，兩(liang)(liang)側分塑四大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)。玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“上殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，正(zheng)中(zhong)供(gong)奉玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)塑像(xiang)。 唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)幾(ji)(ji)經(jing)(jing)枯榮。到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)近代(dai)，已(yi)是殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頹碑(bei)殘，墓塔(ta)破敗，海法老(lao)和尚(海法老(lao)和尚俗(su)家(jia)姓朱，出(chu)家(jia)後(hou)法名海河，號性空(kong)，河南(nan)省(sheng)信(xin)陽(yang)縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，西(xi)(xi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)一九二(er)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)～民國十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)辛酉歲(sui)(sui)十二(er)月初八日，出(chu)生于信(xin)陽(yang)吳店鄉的(de)(de)(de)昌灣村)睹(du)之(zhi)，扼腕(wan)嘆惜(xi)，惻(ce)然(ran)心(xin)傷(shang)。他(ta)(ta)深知(zhi)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)在(zai)歷(li)史上的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)位(wei)，也深知(zhi)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史價值，乃(nai)發(fa)(fa)愿予以重(zhong)修(xiu)。他(ta)(ta)募資收回玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)舊址，并另行徵購了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)數十畝土(tu)地(di)(di)，同時(shi)新建了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)山斗、圍墻、及(ji)鐘、鼓二(er)樓。在(zai)施工(gong)期間，委(wei)其弟(di)子(zi)印(yin)(yin)定、印(yin)(yin)觀(guan)尼(ni)師(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)住持。不(bu)幸(xing)工(gong)程(cheng)尚未全(quan)部(bu)完成，一九九七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)計劃重(zhong)建大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)時(shi)，海法老(lao)和尚示寂，給該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)建設造成極(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)困難(nan)(nan)。幸(xing)而印(yin)(yin)定、印(yin)(yin)觀(guan)眾尼(ni)師(shi)(shi)繼師(shi)(shi)遺志(zhi)，克服萬(wan)難(nan)(nan)，繼續興建未了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)程(cheng)。