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基本介紹

玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)又名(ming)唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)，位于(yu)偃師緱氏鎮唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)村(cun)北(bei)，緊傍207國(guo)道，玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)始建(jian)于(yu)北(bei)魏，原(yuan)名(ming)靈巖寺(si)(si)(si)，隋大(da)業年(nian)間(jian)(公元605-618年(nian))幼年(nian)的玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)曾多次(ci)到該寺(si)(si)(si)聆聽佛(fo)法，玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)取經返(fan)回后曾回寺(si)(si)(si)看(kan)望僧(seng)(seng)(seng)眾，被譽為(wei)大(da)德、大(da)善(shan)之人，為(wei)了弘揚他堅毅卓絕的精神，又改名(ming)為(wei)“興善(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)",唐(tang)(tang)太宗曾賜(si)地(di)40頃(qing)敕令重(zhong)修，武(wu)周圣歷二年(nian)(公元699年(nian))武(wu)則天自神都洛陽出發，登封中岳，路(lu)過該寺(si)(si)(si)，也(ye)曾賜(si)金重(zhong)修，并賜(si)地(di)百頃(qing)。后人為(wei)表示對玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)法師的懷(huai)念(nian)，又改名(ming)為(wei)唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)。1996年(nian)中國(guo)佛(fo)教(jiao)協會(hui)會(hui)長趙(zhao)樸初老居士拜謁(ye)唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)，提議更名(ming)為(wei)“玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)"并親(qin)題“玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)"匾額(e)。

在(zai)我國，提起《西游記》里的(de)(de)唐(tang)僧，真是(shi)無人(ren)不(bu)知，無人(ren)不(bu)曉。唐(tang)僧的(de)(de)原型就是(shi)唐(tang)朝的(de)(de)玄奘(zhuang)。唐(tang)僧，唐(tang)玄奘(zhuang)，姓陳(chen)(chen)名祎，洛陽偃(yan)師人(ren)，出生(sheng)于河南省偃(yan)師市(shi)緱氏鎮北約1公里處的(de)(de)陳(chen)(chen)河村。

他(ta)13歲時跟隨(sui)二哥到(dao)(dao)洛陽(yang)(yang)(yang)凈土寺(si)(si)(si)(si)出(chu)家(jia)(jia)，貞觀(guan)(guan)初(chu)隨(sui)商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)往游西(xi)(xi)域(yu)十(shi)(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，撰《西(xi)(xi)域(yu)記(ji)》十(shi)(shi)二卷(juan)。貞觀(guan)(guan)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，歸至(zhi)京師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，為(wei)中國(guo)佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)傳播作(zuo)出(chu)了巨大(da)貢(gong)獻。貞觀(guan)(guan)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)627年(nian)(nian)(nian))，他(ta)遠游印(yin)度，精心(xin)鉆研佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)典。17年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)，他(ta)回(hui)(hui)(hui)到(dao)(dao)了長(chang)安，在(zai)(zai)(zai)弘福寺(si)(si)(si)(si)、大(da)慈恩(en)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)等(deng)(deng)地(di)著(zhu)(zhu)書(shu)譯(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)。主(zhu)要著(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)有(you)《大(da)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)西(xi)(xi)域(yu)記(ji)》、《會(hui)宗(zong)論》、《制惡見論》等(deng)(deng)，翻譯(yi)(yi)印(yin)度佛(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)75部，共(gong)1335卷(juan)，為(wei)中印(yin)兩(liang)(liang)國(guo)的(de)(de)文化交流做出(chu)了巨大(da)的(de)(de)貢(gong)獻。玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)一(yi)生影響巨大(da)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)佛(fo)(fo)學(xue)界(jie)有(you)千古一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之譽，為(wei)世人(ren)(ren)(ren)所敬仰。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)位于(yu)洛陽(yang)(yang)(yang)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)40公(gong)里(li)(li)處(chu)207國(guo)道北側(ce)，偃師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)市緱氏(shi)鎮(zhen)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)約(yue)兩(liang)(liang)公(gong)里(li)(li)的(de)(de)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)村(cun)北,北距玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)故(gu)里(li)(li)約(yue)4公(gong)里(li)(li)，玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)病(bing)故(gu)后(hou)(hou)，有(you)說葬于(yu)緱氏(shi)鎮(zhen)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)3.5公(gong)里(li)(li)處(chu)的(de)(de)白鹿原。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)，玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)9歲時常隨(sui)家(jia)(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)到(dao)(dao)靈(ling)(ling)巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中聽經(jing)(jing)(jing)，后(hou)(hou)被(bei)收為(wei)俗(su)家(jia)(jia)弟子。為(wei)紀念玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，靈(ling)(ling)巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)改(gai)(gai)稱“唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”，寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)北墻(qiang)外即(ji)為(wei)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)墓(mu)。“西(xi)(xi)天(tian)(tian)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)”成名(ming)后(hou)(hou)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們為(wei)了弘揚他(ta)大(da)善大(da)德(de)的(de)(de)精神(shen)(shen)，改(gai)(gai)名(ming)為(wei)“興善寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)太宗(zong)曾賜給(gei)該(gai)(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)土地(di)40頃，并(bing)勒(le)令對其進行(xing)(xing)重修(xiu)。公(gong)元(yuan)699年(nian)(nian)(nian)，武則天(tian)(tian)從神(shen)(shen)都(dou)洛陽(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)發，幸(xing)登(deng)封(feng)中岳(yue)時，路過該(gai)(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，也曾賜金重修(xiu)該(gai)(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，并(bing)賜地(di)百頃。明萬歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間，又(you)改(gai)(gai)名(ming)為(wei)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。至(zhi)今，在(zai)(zai)(zai)院(yuan)內(nei)上殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)還(huan)保存有(you)古碑(bei)(bei)多方，記(ji)載著(zhu)(zhu)歷(li)代(dai)修(xiu)葺唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)情(qing)況。有(you)：明萬歷(li)丙辰(公(gong)元(yuan)1616年(nian)(nian)(nian))重修(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)(bei)；清康熙四十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)1707年(nian)(nian)(nian))建(jian)(jian)(jian)火(huo)神(shen)(shen)廟碑(bei)(bei)；清同治十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)1874年(nian)(nian)(nian))唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)上殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)重修(xiu)碑(bei)(bei)；清光緒三十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)1904年(nian)(nian)(nian))修(xiu)繕唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)(bei)；重修(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)伽(jia)藍殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)碑(bei)(bei)；修(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)神(shen)(shen)位碑(bei)(bei)等(deng)(deng)。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)時代(dai)風兩(liang)(liang)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)原來(lai)的(de)(de)規模(mo)是(shi)相當宏大(da)的(de)(de)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇(yu)壯(zhuang)觀(guan)(guan)、香火(huo)旺盛。清朝(chao)末年(nian)(nian)(nian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)尚(shang)(shang)保存有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑幾十(shi)(shi)間，建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)、大(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)、白衣、伽(jia)藍等(deng)(deng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)還(huan)有(you)鐘鼓(gu)(gu)樓、藏經(jing)(jing)(jing)閣等(deng)(deng)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)后(hou)(hou)院(yuan)有(you)古柏100多株(zhu)．古碑(bei)(bei)100余方。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)北墻(qiang)外有(you)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)墓(mu)地(di)，范(fan)圍達(da)50余畝。傳說靈(ling)(ling)巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)有(you)古松一(yi)棵，在(zai)(zai)(zai)玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)赴西(xi)(xi)天(tian)(tian)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)之前，曾用手摸著(zhu)(zhu)松枝(zhi)說：我(wo)去西(xi)(xi)方取(qu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)，你(ni)可以向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)；如我(wo)要回(hui)(hui)(hui)來(lai)了，你(ni)便(bian)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)長(chang)，以便(bian)使我(wo)弟子知道。等(deng)(deng)玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)西(xi)(xi)行(xing)(xing)后(hou)(hou)，松枝(zhi)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)，長(chang)了幾丈(zhang)；有(you)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)松枝(zhi)突然(ran)(ran)回(hui)(hui)(hui)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)方，門人(ren)(ren)(ren)弟子都(dou)說，大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要回(hui)(hui)(hui)來(lai)了。于(yu)是(shi)一(yi)同迎接，大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)果然(ran)(ran)返回(hui)(hui)(hui)了。后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)遂稱此松為(wei)“摸頭松”。但現在(zai)(zai)(zai)院(yuan)內(nei)只剩(sheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂兩(liang)(liang)座：天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)稱“下殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，中間供(gong)奉彌(mi)勒(le)佛(fo)(fo)塑(su)像，兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)分塑(su)四大(da)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)(wang)。玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)稱為(wei)“上殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，正中供(gong)奉玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)塑(su)像。 唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)幾經(jing)(jing)(jing)枯榮。到(dao)(dao)了近代(dai)，已是(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頹(tui)碑(bei)(bei)殘，墓(mu)塔破敗，海(hai)(hai)法老(lao)和(he)尚(shang)(shang)(海(hai)(hai)法老(lao)和(he)尚(shang)(shang)俗(su)家(jia)(jia)姓朱，出(chu)家(jia)(jia)後法名(ming)海(hai)(hai)河(he)，號性空(kong)，河(he)南(nan)省信陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣人(ren)(ren)(ren)，西(xi)(xi)元(yuan)一(yi)九(jiu)二一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)～民國(guo)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)辛酉(you)歲十(shi)(shi)二月初(chu)八日，出(chu)生于(yu)信陽(yang)(yang)(yang)吳店(dian)鄉的(de)(de)昌(chang)灣(wan)村(cun))睹之，扼腕嘆(tan)惜，惻然(ran)(ran)心(xin)傷。他(ta)深(shen)知玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)歷(li)史上的(de)(de)地(di)位，也深(shen)知玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)歷(li)史價值，乃發愿予(yu)以重修(xiu)。他(ta)募資收回(hui)(hui)(hui)玄(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)舊(jiu)址，并(bing)另(ling)行(xing)(xing)徵購(gou)了數十(shi)(shi)畝土地(di)，同時新建(jian)(jian)(jian)了山斗、圍墻(qiang)、及鐘、鼓(gu)(gu)二樓。在(zai)(zai)(zai)施工期間，委其弟子印(yin)定、印(yin)觀(guan)(guan)尼師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)該(gai)(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)住持(chi)。不幸(xing)工程尚(shang)(shang)未全(quan)部完成，一(yi)九(jiu)九(jiu)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)計(ji)劃重建(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之時，海(hai)(hai)法老(lao)和(he)尚(shang)(shang)示寂，給(gei)該(gai)(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設造成極大(da)的(de)(de)困難。幸(xing)而印(yin)定、印(yin)觀(guan)(guan)眾尼師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)繼(ji)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遺志，克服萬難，繼(ji)續興建(jian)(jian)(jian)未了工程。