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基本介紹

玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)又名(ming)(ming)唐僧寺(si)(si)(si)，位于偃師(shi)緱氏鎮唐僧寺(si)(si)(si)村(cun)北，緊傍207國道，玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)始建于北魏，原名(ming)(ming)靈巖寺(si)(si)(si)，隋大業年(nian)(nian)間(公元605-618年(nian)(nian))幼年(nian)(nian)的(de)玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)曾(ceng)多次到該寺(si)(si)(si)聆聽(ting)佛法(fa)，玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)取經(jing)返(fan)回后曾(ceng)回寺(si)(si)(si)看望(wang)僧眾，被譽為(wei)(wei)大德、大善之人，為(wei)(wei)了(le)弘揚他堅(jian)毅卓絕的(de)精神(shen)，又改名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“興(xing)善寺(si)(si)(si)",唐太宗曾(ceng)賜地40頃敕令重修，武(wu)周(zhou)圣歷二(er)年(nian)(nian)(公元699年(nian)(nian))武(wu)則天(tian)自神(shen)都洛陽出發，登封中(zhong)岳，路過該寺(si)(si)(si)，也曾(ceng)賜金重修，并賜地百(bai)頃。后人為(wei)(wei)表示對玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)法(fa)師(shi)的(de)懷念，又改名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)唐僧寺(si)(si)(si)。1996年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)國佛教協會會長趙樸初(chu)老居士(shi)拜謁唐僧寺(si)(si)(si)，提議更名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)"并親題“玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)"匾額。

在(zai)我國，提起《西游記》里(li)的唐僧，真是(shi)無人不知，無人不曉。唐僧的原型就(jiu)是(shi)唐朝的玄奘(zhuang)(zhuang)。唐僧，唐玄奘(zhuang)(zhuang)，姓陳名祎(yi)，洛陽偃師(shi)人，出生于河(he)南省偃師(shi)市緱氏鎮北約1公里(li)處的陳河(he)村。

他(ta)13歲(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)跟(gen)隨(sui)二哥到洛(luo)陽(yang)凈土(tu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)出(chu)(chu)家(jia)(jia)，貞觀(guan)(guan)初隨(sui)商人(ren)往游西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)域十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，撰《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)域記(ji)》十(shi)二卷。貞觀(guan)(guan)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，歸至京師(shi)，為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)佛教(jiao)傳(chuan)播(bo)作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)貢(gong)獻。貞觀(guan)(guan)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元627年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))，他(ta)遠(yuan)游印(yin)度，精(jing)(jing)心鉆研佛教(jiao)經(jing)(jing)典。17年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)，他(ta)回(hui)到了(le)(le)(le)長(chang)安，在(zai)(zai)弘(hong)福寺(si)(si)(si)(si)、大(da)(da)慈恩寺(si)(si)(si)(si)等地著(zhu)(zhu)書譯經(jing)(jing)。主要(yao)著(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)有(you)(you)(you)《大(da)(da)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)域記(ji)》、《會宗論(lun)(lun)》、《制惡(e)見論(lun)(lun)》等，翻(fan)譯印(yin)度佛經(jing)(jing)75部(bu)，共1335卷，為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)印(yin)兩(liang)(liang)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)文化交流(liu)做出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)獻。玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)一(yi)生影響巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)，在(zai)(zai)佛學界有(you)(you)(you)千古一(yi)人(ren)之(zhi)譽，為(wei)(wei)世人(ren)所敬仰。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)位于洛(luo)陽(yang)東南(nan)40公(gong)(gong)(gong)里處(chu)207國(guo)道北(bei)(bei)側(ce)，偃師(shi)市緱氏鎮東南(nan)約(yue)兩(liang)(liang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里的(de)(de)(de)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)村北(bei)(bei),北(bei)(bei)距玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)故里約(yue)4公(gong)(gong)(gong)里，玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)(da)師(shi)病故后(hou)，有(you)(you)(you)說(shuo)葬于緱氏鎮東南(nan)3.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)里處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)白(bai)鹿(lu)原。在(zai)(zai)這里，玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)9歲(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)常隨(sui)家(jia)(jia)人(ren)到靈(ling)巖(yan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)聽經(jing)(jing)，后(hou)被(bei)收為(wei)(wei)俗家(jia)(jia)弟(di)子。為(wei)(wei)紀念玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)，靈(ling)巖(yan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)改稱(cheng)“唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”，寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)外即為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)墓。“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)天(tian)取(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)”成名后(hou)，人(ren)們為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)弘(hong)揚他(ta)大(da)(da)善大(da)(da)德(de)的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)神，改名為(wei)(wei)“興(xing)善寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)太宗曾賜(si)(si)給該(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)土(tu)地40頃，并勒令對其(qi)進(jin)行重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)元699年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，武則天(tian)從神都(dou)洛(luo)陽(yang)出(chu)(chu)發，幸(xing)登封(feng)中(zhong)(zhong)岳時(shi)(shi)(shi)，路過該(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，也曾賜(si)(si)金重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)該(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，并賜(si)(si)地百(bai)頃。明萬(wan)歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)，又(you)改名為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。至今，在(zai)(zai)院(yuan)(yuan)內上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內還保存有(you)(you)(you)古碑(bei)多方(fang)，記(ji)載著(zhu)(zhu)歷(li)(li)代修(xiu)(xiu)葺唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)情況。有(you)(you)(you)：明萬(wan)歷(li)(li)丙辰(chen)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元1616年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)；清(qing)康(kang)熙四(si)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元1707年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))建(jian)(jian)(jian)火(huo)神廟碑(bei)；清(qing)同治十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元1874年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)碑(bei)；清(qing)光緒(xu)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))修(xiu)(xiu)繕(shan)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)；重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)伽藍殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)碑(bei)；修(xiu)(xiu)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)神位碑(bei)等。唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代風兩(liang)(liang)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)規模是相當宏大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇壯觀(guan)(guan)、香火(huo)旺盛。清(qing)朝末(mo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內尚(shang)(shang)(shang)保存有(you)(you)(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)幾(ji)十(shi)間(jian)(jian)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)王(wang)、大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)、白(bai)衣、伽藍等殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)還有(you)(you)(you)鐘鼓(gu)樓、藏經(jing)(jing)閣等。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內后(hou)院(yuan)(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)古柏100多株．古碑(bei)100余方(fang)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)北(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)外有(you)(you)(you)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)人(ren)墓地，范圍達50余畝(mu)。傳(chuan)說(shuo)靈(ling)巖(yan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內有(you)(you)(you)古松(song)(song)一(yi)棵(ke)，在(zai)(zai)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)赴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)天(tian)取(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)之(zhi)前，曾用手摸著(zhu)(zhu)松(song)(song)枝(zhi)說(shuo)：我去西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)取(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)，你可以(yi)向西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)長(chang)；如我要(yao)回(hui)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)，你便向東長(chang)，以(yi)便使(shi)我弟(di)子知道。等玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)行后(hou)，松(song)(song)枝(zhi)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，長(chang)了(le)(le)(le)幾(ji)丈；有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)枝(zhi)突然回(hui)向東方(fang)，門人(ren)弟(di)子都(dou)說(shuo)，大(da)(da)師(shi)要(yao)回(hui)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)。于是一(yi)同迎接，大(da)(da)師(shi)果然返回(hui)了(le)(le)(le)。后(hou)人(ren)遂稱(cheng)此松(song)(song)為(wei)(wei)“摸頭(tou)松(song)(song)”。但現(xian)在(zai)(zai)院(yuan)(yuan)內只剩殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)兩(liang)(liang)座：天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)稱(cheng)“下殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)供奉彌勒佛塑像(xiang)，兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)分塑四(si)大(da)(da)天(tian)王(wang)。玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，正中(zhong)(zhong)供奉玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)(da)師(shi)塑像(xiang)。 唐(tang)(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)幾(ji)經(jing)(jing)枯(ku)榮。到了(le)(le)(le)近代，已是殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頹碑(bei)殘，墓塔破敗，海(hai)法老(lao)和(he)(he)尚(shang)(shang)(shang)(海(hai)法老(lao)和(he)(he)尚(shang)(shang)(shang)俗家(jia)(jia)姓朱，出(chu)(chu)家(jia)(jia)後法名海(hai)河，號(hao)性空(kong)，河南(nan)省信(xin)(xin)陽(yang)縣人(ren)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)元一(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)二一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)～民國(guo)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)辛酉歲(sui)十(shi)二月初八日，出(chu)(chu)生于信(xin)(xin)陽(yang)吳(wu)店鄉的(de)(de)(de)昌灣村)睹之(zhi)，扼腕嘆惜(xi)，惻然心傷(shang)。他(ta)深知玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)(da)師(shi)在(zai)(zai)歷(li)(li)史上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)地位，也深知玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史價值，乃發愿予以(yi)重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)。他(ta)募(mu)資收回(hui)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)舊址，并另行徵購了(le)(le)(le)數十(shi)畝(mu)土(tu)地，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)山斗、圍墻(qiang)、及鐘、鼓(gu)二樓。在(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)期間(jian)(jian)，委其(qi)弟(di)子印(yin)定(ding)、印(yin)觀(guan)(guan)尼(ni)師(shi)為(wei)(wei)該(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)住持(chi)。不幸(xing)工(gong)程尚(shang)(shang)(shang)未(wei)(wei)全部(bu)完成，一(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)計劃重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，海(hai)法老(lao)和(he)(he)尚(shang)(shang)(shang)示寂，給該(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設造成極大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)困難(nan)。幸(xing)而印(yin)定(ding)、印(yin)觀(guan)(guan)眾尼(ni)師(shi)繼師(shi)遺志，克(ke)服萬(wan)難(nan)，繼續興(xing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)未(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)工(gong)程。