歷史沿革
唐(tang)(tang)萬歲(sui)通天(tian)元年(nian)(nian)(公元696年(nian)(nian))女皇武則天(tian)特賜(si)水(shui)晶(jing)缽孟、磨納袈裟等(deng)物給惠(hui)(hui)能(neng),“武則天(tian)和(he)唐(tang)(tang)中宗(zong)曾召他(ta)(惠(hui)(hui)能(neng))入京,均(jun)辭”(見中國百科(ke)全書)。六(liu)祖(zu)圓(yuan)寂后(hou),為紀(ji)念這位杰出的(de)(de)佛(fo)學 禪師,唐(tang)(tang)中宗(zong)謚其為大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)禪師,賜(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梵(fan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)為大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)以作紀(ji)念。到(dao)了(le)宋朝,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)梵(fan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)改(gai)名(ming)崇寧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、天(tian)寧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),“紹(shao)興三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1131年(nian)(nian))。專奉徽宗(zong)香火,賜(si)名(ming)報恩光孝寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”。六(liu)祖(zu)圓(yuan)寂后(hou),謚惠(hui)(hui)能(neng)為大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)禪師,為紀(ji)念六(liu)祖(zu),改(gai)名(ming)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。紹(shao)定年(nian)(nian)間(jian),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)搬(ban)至“府治南興賢(xian)坊(今興隆(long)街)”由運使石不矜再建(jian)。隨(sui)著時代的(de)(de)變遷,戰(zhan)爭動(dong)亂(luan),戰(zhan)爭動(dong)亂(luan),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)幾經興衰。到(dao)了(le)本世紀(ji)初,整(zheng)個(ge)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院只剩下殘(can)墻斷壁,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片衰敗景(jing)象。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)三(san)四(si)(si)(si)年(nian)(nian),原(yuan)國民黨 李漢魂(hun)將軍邀請(qing)近(jin)代高僧(seng)(seng)(seng) 虛(xu)云和(he)尚來(lai)粵北重(zhong)修南華(hua)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、云門(men)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)四(si)(si)(si)零年(nian)(nian),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百零一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歲(sui)的(de)(de)虛(xu)云和(he)尚又和(he)弟子寬鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)募捐(juan)重(zhong)修大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),開辦僧(seng)(seng)(seng)伽工廠,重(zhong)修后(hou)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)有大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)、觀音殿(dian)、方(fang)丈(zhang)樓、功德(de)堂(tang)、鐘樓、鼓(gu)樓等(deng),成(cheng)(cheng)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座較(jiao)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院,總面積達四(si)(si)(si)千六(liu)百多平方(fang)米。時正值抗日戰(zhan)爭,廣(guang)東(dong)省府遷來(lai)韶關(guan), 廣(guang)東(dong)佛(fo)教會的(de)(de)牌子也掛在大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。來(lai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)進香拜佛(fo)的(de)(de)人(ren)數猛增。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)地處南北交通要道,與南華(hua)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、云門(men)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)脈相連,馳名(ming)國內外(wai)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)四(si)(si)(si)六(liu)年(nian)(nian),南華(hua)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)副寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)新(xin)成(cheng)(cheng)應邀到(dao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)任當家(jia)(jia),負責(ze)管理(li)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)、田(tian)產(chan)(chan),并負責(ze)接(jie)待南華(hua)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、云門(men)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、別傳寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)及湖(hu)南、江西(xi)等(deng)過往僧(seng)(seng)(seng)尼、堪稱佛(fo)門(men)之(zhi)家(jia)(jia)。解放后(hou)成(cheng)(cheng)立佛(fo)教會,佛(fo)教會在此辦公。直到(dao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)五(wu)八年(nian)(nian),整(zheng)個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)被(bei)有關(guan)單位和(he)住戶占用,僧(seng)(seng)(seng)人(ren)失(shi)落他(ta)鄉,兩棵由印度高僧(seng)(seng)(seng)智(zhi)藥三(san)藏法師引(yin)進的(de)(de)菩(pu)(pu)提樹歷經滄海桑田(tian),至今仍枝(zhi)繁(fan)葉茂(mao),郁郁蔥蔥,成(cheng)(cheng)為歷史的(de)(de)見證。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)八五(wu)年(nian)(nian),政(zheng)府落實宗(zong)教政(zheng)策,僧(seng)(seng)(seng)人(ren)收(shou)回部(bu)分(fen)房(fang)產(chan)(chan),成(cheng)(cheng)立韶關(guan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)籌建(jian)委(wei)員會,重(zhong)修大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian),市佛(fo)教協(xie)會也開始(shi)在此辦公。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)九(jiu)二年(nian)(nian),法治法師從(cong)南華(hua)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)調至大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)任當家(jia)(jia),繼續重(zhong)修大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),經幾年(nian)(nian)努力,重(zhong)修了(le)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)、功德(de)堂(tang)、齋堂(tang)、招待所、僧(seng)(seng)(seng)人(ren)宿舍,重(zhong)塑了(le)釋迦佛(fo)、藥師佛(fo)、阿彌陀佛(fo)、觀音菩(pu)(pu)薩、地藏王菩(pu)(pu)薩、六(liu)祖(zu)座像(xiang)等(deng)三(san)十六(liu)尊佛(fo)像(xiang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)九(jiu)四(si)(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)鑒(jian)(jian)(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)舉行隆(long)重(zhong)開光儀式。
韶關旅游
韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)歷史上稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)州(zhou)。相傳舜帝巡奏“韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)樂”于城(cheng)北30公(gong)(gong)里處(chu)的(de)(de)石峰群中,該處(chu)的(de)(de)36石后(hou)來統稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)石山。南朝(chao)梁、陳兩代,在今市(shi)(shi)境內設置兩州(zhou)(衡(heng)州(zhou),東衡(heng)州(zhou))。隋開皇(huang)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)589年(nian)(nian)(nian))改東衡(heng)州(zhou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)州(zhou),取(qu)州(zhou)北的(de)(de)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)石山的(de)(de)“韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)”字為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming)。到明嘉靖二(er)十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1547年(nian)(nian)(nian))于河西(xi)武水(shui)(shui)邊開設稅關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“遇仙橋關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”。清(qing)康熙九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1670年(nian)(nian)(nian))又將南雄的(de)(de)“太平(ping)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”移到東河湞水(shui)(shui)邊,并(bing)(bing)在北門外(wai)增設“旱關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”,統稱“三關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”,韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)之名(ming)即由此而得。明清(qing)兩代設韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)府,辛亥(hai)革命后(hou),廢府留縣(xian),韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)曲(qu)江縣(xian)太平(ping)、武城(cheng)兩鎮(zhen)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)25日成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)。1950年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)5日歸(gui)并(bing)(bing)曲(qu)江縣(xian),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)鎮(zhen)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)恢(hui)復韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)。1977年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)升格為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)省轄市(shi)(shi),轄曲(qu)江縣(xian)。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)地區(qu)和韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)合并(bing)(bing),合并(bing)(bing)后(hou),韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)管轄12個(ge)縣(xian)和3個(ge)市(shi)(shi)轄區(qu)。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)將韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)五個(ge)縣(xian)劃歸(gui)清(qing)遠,成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)清(qing)遠市(shi)(shi);廣州(zhou)劃一個(ge)縣(xian)給韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)。目(mu)前,韶(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)市(shi)(shi)管轄8個(ge)縣(xian)3個(ge)市(shi)(shi)轄區(qu)。
韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)屬中亞(ya)熱(re)帶濕潤型(xing)季風氣候區(qu),氣候溫(wen)暖,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣溫(wen)為(wei)18.8-21.6度;雨(yu)量充(chong)沛,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降雨(yu)為(wei)1300-2400毫米;全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無霜(shuang)凍期為(wei)310天左右,溫(wen)暖的(de)(de)亞(ya)熱(re)帶氣候,充(chong)沛的(de)(de)雨(yu)量使韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)大(da)地四季常青,萬(wan)(wan)木蔥(cong)蘢(long),生機盎然,是(shi)旅(lv)游的(de)(de)好去處。韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)是(shi)多民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)聚居的(de)(de)地區(qu),大(da)部分(fen)是(shi)漢族(zu)(zu)(zu),此(ci)外還有(you)(you)瑤、壯、回、滿(man)、蒙、京、苗、白、侗、土(tu)家等三(san)十(shi)多個(ge)少數民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu),主要分(fen)布在(zai)乳源瑤族(zu)(zu)(zu)自治縣境內及周(zhou)圍(wei)。1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)末,全市(shi)(shi)總人(ren)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)289.8萬(wan)(wan)人(ren),其中非農業人(ren)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)96.4萬(wan)(wan)人(ren),漢族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)285.7萬(wan)(wan)人(ren),占全市(shi)(shi)總人(ren)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)98.6%,少數民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)4.1萬(wan)(wan)人(ren),占全市(shi)(shi)總人(ren)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)1.4%。人(ren)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)密(mi)度為(wei)每平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里156人(ren)。 韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)有(you)(you)著悠久的(de)(de)歷(li)史和(he)(he)古(gu)老的(de)(de)文明。韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)的(de)(de)人(ren)類歷(li)史可上溯到(dao)距今十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前,這已被曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)江“馬壩人(ren)”頭骨化石(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)發(fa)現所證。三(san)國末年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)265年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),吳主孫誥置始(shi)興郡(jun),治所在(zai)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)江城(今韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)市(shi)(shi)區(qu))實,是(shi)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)市(shi)(shi)郡(jun)之(zhi)始(shi)。隋開皇九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)589年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))曾改設(she)(she)(she)韶(shao)(shao)(shao)州,取(qu)州北韶(shao)(shao)(shao)石(shi)(shi)山之(zhi)“韶(shao)(shao)(shao)”字為(wei)州名。明代(dai)(dai)嘉(jia)靖二十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1547年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))曾在(zai)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)江縣武水(shui)邊開設(she)(she)(she)稅關(guan)。清康熙九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1670年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))又將原設(she)(she)(she)于南雄(xiong)的(de)(de)太平(ping)(ping)關(guan)移至曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)江湞(zhen)水(shui)邊,后又在(zai)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)江城北門外增設(she)(she)(she)稅關(guan),韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)之(zhi)名即由此(ci)而來,韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)人(ren)杰地靈(ling),孕育了唐代(dai)(dai)名相(xiang)張九(jiu)齡、劉瞻,宋(song)代(dai)(dai)著名政治家和(he)(he)外交家余靖等杰出人(ren)物,六祖惠能和(he)(he)尚(shang)選擇韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)為(wei)其禪宗(zong)南派的(de)(de)發(fa)祥地。韶(shao)(shao)(shao)關(guan)作為(wei)“馬壩人(ren)”的(de)(de)故(gu)鄉,石(shi)(shi)峽文化的(de)(de)發(fa)祥地,是(shi)中華民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)老文化搖籃之(zhi)一。
風景名勝
風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)座落在韶(shao)關市(shi)區(qu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)路與(yu)上后街(舊(jiu)名(ming)(ming)學宮街)之(zhi)交叉口,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)雄偉獨特,氣勢軒昂(ang),被譽為(wei)(wei)(wei)韶(shao)關的(de)(de)(de)標記。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是(shi)(shi)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)弘治十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1497年(nian)(nian)(nian))韶(shao)州(zhou)知府錢(qian)鏞為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念韶(shao)關藉北(bei)宋(song)名(ming)(ming)臣余(yu)靖(jing)而(er)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de),屢經(jing)重(zhong)修(xiu)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)在中(zhong)(zhong)“風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)”三(san)(san)(san)個(ge)大字(zi)(zi),寫得柔韌而(er)蒼勁(jing),筆力神韻活躍于(yu)字(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong),是(shi)(shi)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)書法家(jia)陳(chen)白沙(獻章)茅(mao)筆字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)存世珍(zhen)品。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)與(yu)北(bei)京天安門、故宮為(wei)(wei)(wei)同時代(dai)(dai)同風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)格的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu),樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)高(gao)22米(mi),正(zheng)方(fang)形(xing),頂為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)重(zhong)飛檐翹角,正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)華飾小(xiao)圓頂。占地(di)100多平方(fang)米(mi),原是(shi)(shi)磚林結構,于(yu)1932年(nian)(nian)(nian)以水(shui)泥鋼筋結構重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian),保持原有(you)(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)特色,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)底(di)可通行各種車(che)輛,北(bei)門建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)鐵柵小(xiao)門,循回(hui)環形(xing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)梯而(er)上便是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)主樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)鞏園上有(you)(you)“風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)”三(san)(san)(san)個(ge)大字(zi)(zi),風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)內有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)塊玉石(shi)碑(bei),署有(you)(you)《風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)前后記》。“風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)”兩字(zi)(zi)取自當時的(de)(de)(de)刑(xing)部尚書蔡君謨的(de)(de)(de)詩:“必有(you)(you)謀 猷禪(chan)帝石(shi),更(geng)加風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)動朝端(duan)“之(zhi)名(ming)(ming)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)西(xi)(xi)望武水(shui),東(dong)(dong)臨湞江(jiang),氣勢軒昂(ang),建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)精巧(qiao)、古色古香、氣勢軒昂(ang)。這座建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)韶(shao)關市(shi)博物(wu)(wu)館館址,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上有(you)(you)余(yu)靖(jing)的(de)(de)(de)生平介紹展,晚上在彩(cai)燈的(de)(de)(de)裝飾下(xia)(xia)更(geng)顯其“風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)彩(cai)”。余(yu)靖(jing),公(gong)元1000年(nian)(nian)(nian)生于(yu)韶(shao)州(zhou)府城,二(er)十(shi)四(si)歲一(yi)(yi)舉高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)士,初授(shou)官(guan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)贛縣區(qu)尉,很快又(you)(you)(you)升為(wei)(wei)(wei)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)南昌縣)知縣。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)四(si)歲入朝延做官(guan)任秘(mi)書丞。四(si)十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)歲升為(wei)(wei)(wei)右正(zheng)言(yan)(諫官(guan)),后又(you)(you)(you)出(chu)使(shi)遼(liao)國,使(shi)當時宋(song)、遼(liao)西(xi)(xi)夏三(san)(san)(san)足鼎立的(de)(de)(de)局面得以和解(jie),為(wei)(wei)(wei)鞏固宋(song)代(dai)(dai)天下(xia)(xia)立下(xia)(xia)了不可磨滅的(de)(de)(de)豐功偉績(ji)。余(yu)靖(jing)是(shi)(shi)嶺南繼張九(jiu)齡(ling)(ling)后又(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)顯赫的(de)(de)(de)朝延重(zhong)官(guan),他與(yu)張九(jiu)齡(ling)(ling)一(yi)(yi)樣剛正(zheng)不阿(a),廉(lian)潔(jie)自重(zhong)。與(yu)范(fan)仲淹、歐陽修(xiu)、尹沂(yi)被尊(zun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)宋(song)朝“四(si)賢(xian)”,與(yu)歐陽修(xiu)、王素、蔡襄(xiang)被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“四(si)諫”,后來官(guan)于(yu)工部尚書。公(gong)元1065年(nian)(nian)(nian)病逝于(yu)江(jiang)寧(今南京)。廣東(dong)(dong)省廣州(zhou)曾有(you)(you)“八賢(xian)堂”,余(yu)靖(jing)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)八賢(xian)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。
蓮開凈寺(si)(si),位于(yu)(yu)南(nan)雄市南(nan)郊一公(gong)里處(chu),是粵北較大(da)的尼眾叢(cong)林(lin)之一。蓮開凈寺(si)(si),原名(ming)蓮社(she)庵(an),由念純大(da)師(shi)創建于(yu)(yu)明(ming)朝,據《直隸南(nan)雄州志》載(zai):蓮社(she)庵(an),青蓮寺(si)(si),興(xing)隆庵(an),渡山寺(si)(si)均在水南(nan)村,在這幾座寺(si)(si)院中,以蓮社(she)庵(an)為最。興(xing)建于(yu)(yu)清道光(guang)年間(jian),曾(ceng)有住(zhu)眾百余,香(xiang)火(huo)甚旺,時(shi)為郡內著名(ming)之佛教圣地(di),亦是嶺南(nan)之名(ming)庵(an)。隨著歷史的變遷,該寺(si)(si)院衰(shuai)于(yu)(yu)民末,抗戰(zhan)時(shi)期,僧(seng)人離散,至(zhi)五十年代,殿堂只剩殘垣(yuan)斷壁(bi),伴隨幾株(zhu)挺拔(ba)古樹,佛像蕩然無(wu)存。逐(zhu)漸成為苗圃場(chang)用地(di)。
改革開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)放以(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai),落實宗教(jiao)政策,一九(jiu)九(jiu)四(si)年(nian)由南(nan)雄市政府禮請當代禪宗大(da)師本(ben)(ben)煥(huan)老和(he)尚發起重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian),并(bing)委(wei)派其徒印先、徒孫(sun)頓勇等(deng)人籌建(jian)(jian)(jian),得(de)到了(le)(le)政府及(ji)十(shi)方(fang)善信的(de)大(da)力支持,至一九(jiu)九(jiu)九(jiu)年(nian)十(shi)二月全面(mian)落成,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積達八千(qian)多平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)造價兩千(qian)五百多萬元.按照虛(xu)實相稱,多重(zhong)對稱和(he)方(fang)便(bian)活動有(you)(you)利(li)修(xiu)持的(de)原則。其建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格,以(yi)(yi)(yi)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)園(yuan)林建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)融為(wei)(wei)一體,其總(zong)體布(bu)局以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)中心,以(yi)(yi)(yi)山門、天王殿(dian)(dian)、大(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)和(he)法(fa)堂(tang)、藏(zang)經樓為(wei)(wei)中軸線,采用(yong)四(si)進三院式的(de)布(bu)局,兩側設(she)有(you)(you)觀音(yin)殿(dian)(dian)、地藏(zang)殿(dian)(dian)、祖(zu)師殿(dian)(dian)、伽藍殿(dian)(dian)、鐘、鼓樓和(he)念(nian)佛(fo)(fo)堂(tang)、功德堂(tang)、齋堂(tang)、客堂(tang)、教(jiao)務處相對稱。外(wai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)圍墻封閉全寺。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)特(te)征采用(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)鋼代木的(de)框架結構,雕梁畫棟,飛檐斗拱(gong),朱柱黃瓦,采光透氣,充分展示出佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)文化氣息(xi)。重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)蓮(lian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)凈寺于(yu)二ΟΟ一年(nian)十(shi)月份舉行(xing)佛(fo)(fo)像開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)光大(da)典(dian)。多年(nian)來(lai)本(ben)(ben)寺秉承祖(zu)德風范,夏季安居,冬季佛(fo)(fo)七。倡導(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)[持戒為(wei)(wei)本(ben)(ben)、凈土為(wei)(wei)歸(gui)]的(de)修(xiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)宗旨(zhi)(zhi).并(bing)于(yu)去年(nian)春創辦了(le)(le)[蓮(lian)花尼眾學(xue)(xue)(xue)佛(fo)(fo)苑(yuan)],旨(zhi)(zhi)在培養僧(seng)(seng)才(cai)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)苑(yuan)現(xian)有(you)(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)僧(seng)(seng)五十(shi)余(yu)人、常(chang)住(zhu)尼眾八十(shi)余(yu)人。在才(cai)僧(seng)(seng)管理方(fang)面(mian),嚴格遵守(shou)叢林修(xiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue):上殿(dian)(dian)、過(guo)堂(tang)、誦經、上課、出坡勞動等(deng),皆遵循古(gu)制,僧(seng)(seng)團(tuan)生活教(jiao)育均如法(fa)如律的(de)進行(xing),又結合現(xian)代的(de)課堂(tang)教(jiao)育。學(xue)(xue)(xue)苑(yuan)特(te)聘請了(le)(le)閩(min)南(nan)佛(fo)(fo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院本(ben)(ben)科畢業的(de)四(si)位法(fa)師擔任講師,開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)設(she)了(le)(le)一系列的(de)教(jiao)內必修(xiu)課。為(wei)(wei)提(ti)高(gao)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)質量,除此之外(wai),學(xue)(xue)(xue)苑(yuan)還(huan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)設(she)了(le)(le)美術、書(shu)(shu)法(fa)、古(gu)代作品選等(deng)課堂(tang)。從而提(ti)高(gao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)僧(seng)(seng)的(de)古(gu)代漢語(yu)閱讀、書(shu)(shu)法(fa)書(shu)(shu)寫和(he)鑒賞水平(ping)(ping)。使培養出來(lai)的(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)僧(seng)(seng)達到修(xiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)并(bing)重(zhong)、使之成為(wei)(wei)新(xin)世紀的(de)合格僧(seng)(seng)才(cai)。并(bing)已開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)設(she)[蓮(lian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)佛(fo)(fo)講座],每周日對在家信眾傳授佛(fo)(fo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)知(zhi)識。
今(jin)日重光的蓮開凈(jing)寺(si)(si)(si),今(jin)非昔(xi)比,整體(ti)建筑更(geng)加(jia)雄偉。全寺(si)(si)(si)尼眾(zhong)在監院(yuan)頓勇(yong)法師的統理下(xia),嚴(yan)守戒(jie)律、如(ru)法如(ru)律。相信今(jin)后(hou)的蓮開凈(jing)司寺(si)(si)(si)在南雄市各級政(zheng)府的大力(li)支持和(he)關懷下(xia),寺(si)(si)(si)院(yuan)管理建設更(geng)加(jia)完善、法務活(huo)動進行得更(geng)加(jia)順利。目前,一座環境優美,空氣清新,風光秀(xiu)麗,花草如(ru)茵,莊嚴(yan)古樸并充滿(man)朝氣的年輕寺(si)(si)(si)院(yuan)呈現(xian)在人們(men)面前,她將和(he)人們(men)一道,為振興中華作(zuo)出應有的貢(gong)獻。