景點簡介
南(nan)山寺,位于貴港市(shi)城區(qu)南(nan)郊東南(nan)約3公里郁江岸邊(bian)二(er)十四峰中的南(nan)山公園內獅山巖洞里,是千年(nian)古(gu)寺,嶺南(nan)名剎。
南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)是貴(gui)港旅游勝(sheng)地,屬自治區級重點文物保護(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。市人民政(zheng)府十分重視(shi)對南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)名勝(sheng)古跡的(de)保護(hu)和(he)修建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工作,1977年起,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),總面積達1354.6畝,其中石山(shan)(shan)(shan)占772.5畝。至(zhi)今(jin)天止,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)已(yi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)石級水泥(ni)登(deng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)路(lu)三條(tiao),兩(liang)條(tiao)分別建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于寺(si)的(de)東(dong)西(xi)側,各(ge)寬(kuan)1.3米(mi),總長(chang)451.7米(mi),均置(zhi)鐵桿扶(fu)欄,老幼(you)上(shang)落安全。另一(yi)條(tiao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于驢(lv)山(shan)(shan)(shan),開辟了(le)驢(lv)山(shan)(shan)(shan)游覽新區。此外(wai),還建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)古香(xiang)古色圍(wei)墻(qiang)170多米(mi),古裝企樓(lou)(lou)式園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)門一(yi)座(zuo),亭臺(tai)樓(lou)(lou)榭多座(zuo),混凝(ning)土(tu)水泥(ni)環塘路(lu)一(yi)條(tiao),寬(kuan)3米(mi),長(chang)490多米(mi);又另鋪(pu)筑(zhu)混凝(ning)土(tu)游園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)路(lu)600多米(mi)。公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內外(wai)遍植各(ge)種樹木花卉(hui)4萬(wan)多株,四季常青,花香(xiang)滿園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。連(lian)接中山(shan)(shan)(shan)路(lu)的(de)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)主干道已(yi)通(tong)車,交通(tong)方便。再(zai)有(you)(you),在寺(si)西(xi)還建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)兩(liang)層古青石樓(lou)(lou)文物陳列館,展出羅泊灣一(yi)號大型漢墓出土(tu)文物;在寺(si)東(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)烈士陵園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),豎有(you)(you)革(ge)(ge)命烈士紀念碑(bei),碑(bei)前有(you)(you)譚壽林(lin)、董銓漢兩(liang)位(wei)革(ge)(ge)命烈士的(de)塑像(xiang),還有(you)(you)黃彰烈士墓及其塑像(xiang)。貴(gui)港市人民政(zheng)府除了(le)引資建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)動物園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)外(wai),還引資4000萬(wan)元興建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)賓館,把南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成了(le)A級國家旅游景區。不久,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)將以(yi)嶄新面貌,迎接海內外(wai)游客的(de)光臨(lin)。
南山海拔70米(mi),為(wei)郁江(jiang)畔24峰之冠。山上奇巖峭(qiao)壁,雜樹間生(sheng),景色(se)雅致(zhi)。相(xiang)傳昔有不老松(song),今(jin)半(ban)山尚有“不老松(song)”崖刻(ke)。山前(qian)山后有岸洞11個,洞中多有宋(song)(song)以(yi)來(lai)題(ti)刻(ke),觀(guan)音(yin)巖內(nei)(nei)還有姿(zi)態各(ge)異(yi)的十八羅漢塑像。登(deng)臨(lin)山巔,可鳥(niao)瞰全(quan)城。南山寺于南山上,始修于宋(song)(song)朝,宋(song)(song)太宗賜(si)御書,宋(song)(song)仁宗題(ti)“景佑禪寺”額匾。元文(wen)宗即位前(qian)兩次住寺,題(ti)“南山寺”,稱南宗正脈,是西江(jiang)重要佛寺。“山明(ming)水(shui)秀本從來(lai),云(yun)水(shui)光(guang)中計四峰”。寺依(yi)山踞(ju)洞而建,門(men)外(wai)有菩提樹,寺內(nei)(nei)曲徑通(tong)幽,有宋(song)(song)、元、明(ming)、清石刻(ke)百余方和北(bei)宋(song)(song)天圣三年(1025年)大鐵(tie)鐘(zhong)等(deng)歷(li)史文(wen)物。洞內(nei)(nei)鐘(zhong)乳石豐富多姿(zi),有飛來(lai)佛、石獅、石象、石鯉等(deng),另有晉(jin)代(dai)葛洪煉丹遺址(zhi)和流米(mi)洞遺跡。南山寺歷(li)代(dai)為(wei)旅游勝地,今(jin)寺內(nei)(nei)石刻(ke)與(yu)宋(song)(song)代(dai)鐵(tie)鐘(zhong)為(wei)自治區重點文(wen)物保護單位。
南山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)二十四峰,根據各山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的不同(tong)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)分別(bie)名為(wei):獅(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、文筆山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、驢山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、馬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雞兒山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、屏風山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、棲鳳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、靴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、風浪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、三臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大(da)鐘山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、朝(chao)笏(hu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、螺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、蓮花山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、白鶴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、尖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、香爐(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、望(wang)夫山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、獨寨山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、兩(liang)面山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、涼帽(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、龜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、鳳凰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),形(xing)(xing)似(si)獅(shi)(shi)(shi)子,半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰有兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)石洞,分列于獅(shi)(shi)(shi)鼻兩(liang)邊,形(xing)(xing)似(si)獅(shi)(shi)(shi)子的兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)鼻孔(kong),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上遍(bian)長“龍(long)骨草”,把整個(ge)(ge)獅(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)覆蓋(gai)得嚴嚴實(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi),活(huo)象一只披茸(rong)醒(xing)獅(shi)(shi)(shi)。迎(ying)著初升紅日,獅(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)就(jiu)(jiu)會出現“醒(xing)獅(shi)(shi)(shi)朝(chao)陽”一景(jing),煞是好(hao)看。南山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寺就(jiu)(jiu)在(zai)獅(shi)(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下依(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)據洞而建,掩映于萬綠叢中,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前群峰環繞,如向獅(shi)(shi)(shi)王俯伏(fu)朝(chao)拜狀(zhuang),構成一幅惟(wei)(wei)妙惟(wei)(wei)肖的天然秀麗(li)勝景(jing)。
歷史
南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)始建于(yu)(yu)宋(song)端拱二(er)年(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)989年)。善智和尚(shang)來(lai)到(dao)貴州(今貴港),踏遍山(shan)川,最后選在風景如畫(hua)的獅山(shan)巖(yan)洞里(li)建立(li)寺(si)(si)(si)廟,供奉(feng)如來(lai)、三(san)寶諸佛,自此(ci)南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)香(xiang)火興旺,名(ming)(ming)(ming)氣日(ri)盛。宋(song)至(zhi)道三(san)年(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)997年),宋(song)真宗以宋(song)太宗墨跡賜(si)天(tian)下(xia)名(ming)(ming)(ming)山(shan),南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)獲賜(si)太宗御書224軸,并建御書閣安奉(feng)。當時,南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)已成為(wei)天(tian)下(xia)名(ming)(ming)(ming)山(shan),揚名(ming)(ming)(ming)中原大地。宋(song)仁宗于(yu)(yu)景祐元(yuan)(yuan)年(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1034年),大力整頓寺(si)(si)(si)宇(yu),下(xia)令“毀天(tian)下(xia)無額(e)賜(si)寺(si)(si)(si)院”,由于(yu)(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)是州治所在的寺(si)(si)(si)廟,素負盛名(ming)(ming)(ming),宋(song)仁宗乃(nai)親書“景祐禪寺(si)(si)(si)”匾額(e)賜(si)給南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)。因此(ci)南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)又名(ming)(ming)(ming)景祐禪寺(si)(si)(si)。自此(ci),南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)聲名(ming)(ming)(ming)遠播,成為(wei)嶺南(nan)(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)剎(cha),終日(ri)香(xiang)客盈(ying)門,達(da)官(guan)貴人、騷人墨客慕(mu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)來(lai)游者,絡繹不(bu)絕。這(zhe)是南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)歷(li)史上最輝煌的年代。
主要景點
文筆山
文筆(bi)山巍峨高大,厚(hou)重端莊,西(xi)看如(ru)支(zhi)筆(bi),東望似猴(hou)子(zi),北眺(tiao)像觀音(yin)。山前(qian)有一(yi)池塘(tang)(tang),據說,以前(qian)常有驊騮(liu)(猴(hou)子(zi))、鳳凰(huang)在塘(tang)(tang)邊或塘(tang)(tang)中戲耍(shua),故名驊騮(liu)塘(tang)(tang),又名鳳凰(huang)塘(tang)(tang)。相傳,文筆(bi)山是(shi)(shi)貴港一(yi)支(zhi)神筆(bi),它以驊騮(liu)塘(tang)(tang)為墨池,大地(di)(di)為紙,舔(tian)之不完,寫(xie)之不盡,是(shi)(shi)貴港人才輩出的風水寶地(di)(di)。
八角亭
從文筆(bi)山(shan)行約(yue)400米(mi),就到(dao)坐(zuo)(zuo)落(luo)獅山(shan)的南(nan)山(shan)寺(si)步入寺(si)門(men),再沿石(shi)級而上到(dao)八(ba)角亭(ting)(ting)。此亭(ting)(ting)始建(jian)于(yu)清初,乾隆(long)后(hou)期重修(xiu)至今已(yi)有200多年歷史,是(shi)南(nan)山(shan)寺(si)現存最(zui)古老的建(jian)筑物。亭(ting)(ting)內供奉大肚佛(fo),兩側(ce)是(shi)四(si)大金剛,亭(ting)(ting)的三面墻壁(bi)鑲(xiang)滿(man)一塊塊石(shi)碑。亭(ting)(ting)東第一塊是(shi)建(jian)八(ba)角亭(ting)(ting)的碑文,文曰:清朝初期,南(nan)山(shan)寺(si)“景(jing)物蕭疏十之四(si)五”,據(ju)貴縣(xian)志記載,那時(shi),由于(yu)農民起(qi)義紛呈,清立國(guo)十三年后(hou)才有縣(xian)官來坐(zuo)(zuo)衙執政(zheng)。碑文里說的知縣(xian)澹(淡(dan))公(gong),就是(shi)清順治十四(si)年(公(gong)元1657年)到(dao)任(ren)的。
南山大洞
從八(ba)角亭沿著之(zhi)(zhi)字形石級直上(shang),就到南山大洞。洞門(men)(men)刻有(you):“洞門(men)(men)云(yun)鎖三冬暖,石室風生九夏涼”的(de)對(dui)聯。洞門(men)(men)石壁上(shang)有(you)一棵不老(lao)松(song),是貴縣舊八(ba)景之(zhi)(zhi)一。這棵小松(song)樹自公元989年建寺(si)時已有(you),一千多年來,不長高也(ye)不長大,總是老(lao)樣(yang)子,四季常青,令人稱(cheng)奇(qi)。據說(shuo)“福如(ru)東海長流水,壽比南山不老(lao)松(song)”典故就源于(yu)此。
進入(ru)洞中(zhong),只見該洞上窟窿,下寬敞,東西長50米(mi)(mi),南(nan)北寬30米(mi)(mi),高15米(mi)(mi)多。因洞中(zhong)有“石(shi)(shi)(shi)像(xiang)天成,非(fei)(fei)鑿非(fei)(fei)刻”的(de)(de)(de)天然石(shi)(shi)(shi)佛(fo)三(san)尊及歷(li)元到明,后人增刻已(yi)達三(san)十余尊,小(xiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)佛(fo)遍布崖上,故(gu)名(ming)石(shi)(shi)(shi)佛(fo)洞。該洞又是(shi)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)供奉如(ru)來(lai)(lai)佛(fo)祖及寺(si)(si)僧做佛(fo)事的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang),這尊如(ru)來(lai)(lai)佛(fo)像(xiang)是(shi)新塑造(zao)的(de)(de)(de),高八米(mi)(mi),故(gu)該洞又稱(cheng)大(da)殿。大(da)洞是(shi)個文物豐富的(de)(de)(de)大(da)寶庫(ku),不但有石(shi)(shi)(shi)佛(fo)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)象、石(shi)(shi)(shi)牛(niu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)獅、石(shi)(shi)(shi)虎、石(shi)(shi)(shi)鯉,還(huan)有御書(shu)碑和飛來(lai)(lai)鐘(zhong)等勝跡,以及歷(li)代(dai)騷人墨客(ke)的(de)(de)(de)詩詞、題額摩崖,琳瑯滿(man)目,令人嘆為觀止。據統計,南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)摩崖碑刻有180多幅(塊),其中(zhong)自治(zhi)區博物館有拓片的(de)(de)(de)50幅,是(shi)自治(zhi)區文物保護單(dan)位。
御書碑
寺內有一塊極為珍貴的御書碑。元至治元年(公元1321年)圖貼睦爾親王被流放海南島,中途來游南山。公元1323年奉召返京,重游南山,并親書“南山寺”三字賜與寺僧。公元1328年圖貼睦爾登位,號文宗皇帝(di)。后(hou)貴州(貴縣)州官(guan)撰跋刻《御書碑(bei)》立于石佛(fo)洞北壁下保(bao)存(cun)。
飛來鐘
洞的左側有一(yi)(yi)口大(da)(da)鐵(tie)(tie)鐘(zhong)(zhong),叫飛(fei)來(lai)鐘(zhong)(zhong),高(gao)1.8米,口徑1.2米,重一(yi)(yi)噸多(duo),用(yong)槌(chui)擊之(zhi)(zhi),發出巨響,山鳴谷應,聲播十里。鐘(zhong)(zhong)面鑄有“皇(huang)宋天圣(sheng)三年(公元(yuan)1025年)乙丑歲正(zheng)月”,“撫州(zhou)匠人曾守政鑄造”等字(zi)樣(yang)。此鐘(zhong)(zhong)歷(li)時近千年,為貴(gui)港市尚存16個(ge)鐵(tie)(tie)鐘(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)最,是(shi)全(quan)國十大(da)(da)名鐘(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi),被列(lie)為廣(guang)西重點保護文(wen)物(wu)。這(zhe)個(ge)古老(lao)鐵(tie)(tie)鐘(zhong)(zhong)原是(shi)廣(guang)州(zhou)光孝(xiao)寺的神物(wu),它之(zhi)(zhi)所以神,據傳(chuan)說,因它慕南山風景優美,香火(huo)興旺,在(zai)一(yi)(yi)夜之(zhi)(zhi)間從廣(guang)州(zhou)飛(fei)來(lai),自掛(gua)于大(da)(da)洞一(yi)(yi)根橫(heng)木之(zhi)(zhi)上,長鳴七天七夜而止(zhi)。神鐘(zhong)(zhong)還能卜吉兇,知禍福,來(lai)人拜之(zhi)(zhi)、求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi),都(dou)逢兇化吉,是(shi)南山寺又一(yi)(yi)奇寶。
觀音巖
大(da)洞西側(ce)是(shi)觀音巖(yan),與大(da)洞相連,呈(cheng)長方(fang)(fang)形(xing),長約15米,寬5米多(duo),從大(da)洞拾級而上(shang)可到達。此巖(yan)是(shi)歷代石刻(ke)較多(duo)的地(di)方(fang)(fang),其(qi)中(zhong)有講(jiang)農(nong)業生產的,如清雍正年間(jian)(jian)曾(ceng)兩度任貴(gui)縣知(zhi)縣的天津人孫超(chao)群寫(xie)的“南山(shan)記”石刻(ke)碑文。文中(zhong)提到當時貴(gui)縣還(huan)不懂(dong)種旱田(tian),農(nong)民都是(shi)“以手拔草(cao),困難開辟,亦難多(duo)種”。于是(shi)他推廣了北方(fang)(fang)旱地(di)農(nong)具鐵鋤,對農(nong)民“躬行教種”,“數日間(jian)(jian)旱田(tian)之利(li)益通(tong)曉”。他還(huan)滿有信(xin)心地(di)說(shuo)“將來之辟土必多(duo),民生厚望矣”。
觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)巖(yan)寬(kuan)敞明亮,舊社會(hui)官紳游(you)山(shan)(shan)到此(ci)(ci),必擺酒吟詩,清風南來(lai)(lai),令人(ren)飄飄欲仙(xian)(xian)。因此(ci)(ci),清康熙貢生、山(shan)(shan)水(shui)郎曾(ceng)光國題刻“登(deng)臨即仙(xian)(xian)”。巖(yan)內有(you)“鯉(li)魚滴(di)水(shui)”、“通(tong)(tong)天(tian)(tian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”勝(sheng)景(jing)。關于鯉(li)魚滴(di)水(shui)有(you)個(ge)神(shen)話傳說(shuo),很久以前(qian),郁(yu)江鯉(li)魚灣有(you)條鯉(li)魚精,到南山(shan)(shan)寺(si)稱王作惡,民憤(fen)很大,被觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)菩薩施(shi)法使其現(xian)出原形(xing),并把它拋到觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)頂的(de)(de)石壁上(shang)倒掛(gua)起(qi)來(lai)(lai),鯉(li)魚哭泣的(de)(de)淚水(shui)流(liu)到嘴邊滴(di)下來(lai)(lai),成了今(jin)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)“鯉(li)魚滴(di)水(shui)”奇觀(guan)(guan),真是“一(yi)竅(qiao)有(you)靈通(tong)(tong)地(di)(di)脈,半空(kong)無(wu)雨(yu)滴(di)天(tian)(tian)槳(jiang)”。觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)巖(yan)西壁上(shang)有(you)一(yi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)僅供(gong)一(yi)人(ren)沿(yan)崖(ya)攀登(deng)而上(shang),半山(shan)(shan)上(shang)有(you)小巖(yan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),過去建有(you)魁星閣,曾(ceng)是僧人(ren)住(zhu)宿之(zhi)地(di)(di)。這個(ge)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)叫“通(tong)(tong)天(tian)(tian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”,登(deng)臨者眼前(qian)即展現(xian)奇觀(guan)(guan)。“登(deng)臨即仙(xian)(xian)”,誰不(bu)雅(ya)興倍(bei)增?我(wo)游(you)至此(ci)(ci)處(chu),曾(ceng)觸景(jing)生情,口占一(yi)絕:“古寺(si)風光處(chu)處(chu)優(you),鯉(li)魚滴(di)水(shui)送清流(liu)。沿(yan)崖(ya)直上(shang)通(tong)(tong)天(tian)(tian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),掩映林光畫(hua)閣樓”。
在(zai)大洞(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)側,有兩個小巖洞(dong)(dong)(dong),一(yi)稱流(liu)(liu)(liu)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong),清晨經常有云霧從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)山(shan)外漫(man)進。一(yi)稱流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),在(zai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)頂石壁上有一(yi)似漏(lou)斗狀的(de)(de)小洞(dong)(dong)(dong),以前有米(mi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)出,寺(si)(si)中(zhong)幾人,米(mi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)幾許,不(bu)(bu)多也(ye)不(bu)(bu)少(shao)。這些米(mi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)那里來呢?相傳是(shi)(shi)金龜(gui)(gui)(gui)和仙鶴(he)(he)去(qu)游(you)伏(fu)波灘,見米(mi)船(chuan)觸礁沉沒,將遺下的(de)(de)米(mi)運回南(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)。但(dan)后(hou)來有個貪心和尚,把流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)鑿寬,企(qi)圖讓米(mi)多出,把金龜(gui)(gui)(gui)和仙鶴(he)(he)辛辛苦(ku)苦(ku)運回的(de)(de)大米(mi)掏(tao)空(kong)了(le)。金龜(gui)(gui)(gui)和仙鶴(he)(he)知(zhi)道(dao)后(hou),嘆(tan)息道(dao):“真是(shi)(shi)人心不(bu)(bu)足(zu)蛇吞象”,一(yi)怒之下,從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)此不(bu)(bu)再去(qu)運米(mi)了(le)。自此之后(hou),流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)再流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)了(le)。金龜(gui)(gui)(gui)和仙鶴(he)(he)終日(ri)坐禪,后(hou)來也(ye)仙化(hua)(hua)了(le)。據說,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)二十(shi)四(si)峰中(zhong)的(de)(de)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)山(shan)、鶴(he)(he)山(shan),就是(shi)(shi)當年金龜(gui)(gui)(gui)、仙鶴(he)(he)的(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)身(shen)。此外,在(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)北側的(de)(de)石壁上還有個直通山(shan)頂的(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),險(xian)陡(dou)難(nan)上。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)有條躍(yue)龍門的(de)(de)鯉(li)(li)魚,故稱石鯉(li)(li)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。公(gong)元1872年有個學士游(you)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)曾吟詩一(yi)首,用(yong)浪(lang)漫(man)主(zhu)義的(de)(de)手法(fa)寫道(dao):“胡不(bu)(bu)貫之柳,烹玉(yu)法(fa)一(yi)試?”意思是(shi)(shi)說:“為什么不(bu)(bu)用(yong)柳條把那條鯉(li)(li)魚串回來蒸它吃呢?”鯉(li)(li)魚跳龍門,龍門就在(zai)這里,你(ni)看,鯉(li)(li)魚已跳到洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口來了(le)。
御書閣
在(zai)大(da)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)東門附近,過去建有(you)(you)(you)東樓(lou)“御(yu)(yu)書(shu)閣(ge)”,是(shi)安(an)奉宋太宗賜御(yu)(yu)書(shu)224軸的(de)(de)(de)地方,現(xian)(xian)已被(bei)毀無存(cun)。我(wo)們從大(da)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)東門出來(lai)(lai),沿著羊腸小道拾級攀登(deng)(deng)北上(shang),只見(jian)半山(shan)峭壁上(shang)刻有(you)(you)(you)“問心”兩字,用意似乎(hu)是(shi)要每個(ge)(ge)登(deng)(deng)山(shan)者回(hui)答:“繼續前(qian)進還(huan)是(shi)半途(tu)而止?”面(mian)對(dui)那“鳥道磐(pan)羊腸,怪石削雞距,天梯斷后連,下瞰(kan)毛骨(gu)豎”的(de)(de)(de)險峻歷(li)(li)程,只有(you)(you)(you)下定決心,“飛步(bu)白云巔”,才能觀賞到(dao)那“石龕益(yi)奇(qi)(qi)麗”的(de)(de)(de)景(jing)色。后人(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)“問心”旁(pang)建有(you)(you)(you)個(ge)(ge)半山(shan)亭,讓(rang)游(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)小憩后繼續攀登(deng)(deng)。有(you)(you)(you)詩云:“一(yi)生能有(you)(you)(you)幾(ji)回(hui)游(you),勿在(zai)半山(shan)亭里休,南(nan)峰頂(ding)上(shang)風光(guang)好,古郡勝景(jing)目中收。”到(dao)了北極(ji)(ji)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),十分涼爽,有(you)(you)(you)“南(nan)北戶通”、“千里俯窺”的(de)(de)(de)奇(qi)(qi)景(jing)。清(qing)乾隆初年(nian),潯州知府李綺(江蘇(su)人(ren)(ren)(ren))有(you)(you)(you)詩云:“未(wei)盡(jin)登(deng)(deng)臨興(xing),還(huan)來(lai)(lai)絕(jue)頂(ding)游(you)。俯身皆下界(jie),極(ji)(ji)目見(jian)神州”。妙哉!尤為(wei)(wei)后兩句寫(xie)景(jing)抒情(qing)(qing),情(qing)(qing)融于景(jing),讀后令人(ren)(ren)(ren)振奮(fen)。北極(ji)(ji)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)又名葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)巖,是(shi)公元(yuan)四世紀晉代(dai)藥(yao)物(wu)家葛(ge)洪從廣東羅浮(fu)山(shan)來(lai)(lai)此(ci)(ci)山(shan)采(cai)藥(yao)煉(lian)丹(dan)時(shi)居住的(de)(de)(de)地方。在(zai)這個(ge)(ge)巖的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)腳下有(you)(you)(you)個(ge)(ge)泉眼(yan),常年(nian)有(you)(you)(you)泉水(shui)涌動而出,水(shui)清(qing)味(wei)甜可口,水(shui)中含(han)有(you)(you)(you)丹(dan)砂(sha),飲之(zhi)可延年(nian)益(yi)壽。據傳說(shuo),當年(nian)葛(ge)洪就在(zai)泉眼(yan)邊筑(zhu)圍成(cheng)井,取此(ci)(ci)井水(shui)到(dao)北極(ji)(ji)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)筑(zhu)灶(zao)煉(lian)丹(dan)。他歷(li)(li)盡(jin)了千辛(xin)萬(wan)苦,終于煉(lian)出了仙(xian)(xian)丹(dan),修成(cheng)了正果,成(cheng)仙(xian)(xian)升(sheng)天去了。后人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)紀念他的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)德,尊稱他為(wei)(wei)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian),北極(ji)(ji)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)又得(de)名葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。那口井稱為(wei)(wei)仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)井,葛(ge)洪煉(lian)丹(dan)的(de)(de)(de)灶(zao)稱為(wei)(wei)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)灶(zao),今遺(yi)跡尚存(cun)。清(qing)代(dai)舉人(ren)(ren)(ren)石崇(chong)先有(you)(you)(you)《丹(dan)灶(zao)吟》云:“水(shui)云深入好棲(qi)遲,行滿功(gong)成(cheng)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)時(shi)。九轉(zhuan)靈丹(dan)真火(huo)候,三(san)翻消息登(deng)(deng)離奇(qi)(qi)。一(yi)天驀靜三(san)更現(xian)(xian),萬(wan)法全空五(wu)夜知。得(de)道仙(xian)(xian)翁駕鶴去,長留丹(dan)灶(zao)使人(ren)(ren)(ren)思。”看來(lai)(lai),一(yi)切均有(you)(you)(you)證(zheng)可考。
從(cong)北極洞出來,登上(shang)獅山頂峰(feng),倚(yi)著嵯峨(e)的山石(shi),遠(yuan)眺稻浪翻滾,蔗(zhe)海蔥(cong)蘢(long),青山聳(song)翠(cui),郁水(shui)蕩波(bo),鬧(nao)市人涌,大道車流,真是氣象萬千。近(jin)看(kan)廿四峰(feng)羅列如(ru)畫(hua)屏,翠(cui)黛環立(li)。宋代貴(gui)州(今(jin)貴(gui)港)郡守陳昭嗣作詩(shi)曰(yue):“二十四峰(feng)稱(cheng)小桂(gui),山明(ming)水(shui)秀(xiu)本(ben)從(cong)來。”1991年我們陪南(nan)寧市葵花詩(shi)社十老(lao)游南(nan)山時也吟道:“陪客(ke)南(nan)山再次(ci)游,攀登步上(shang)頂峰(feng)樓。披(pi)襟(jin)極目(mu)情無限,廿四奇峰(feng)眼底收。”可謂異曲同工(gong)。
舍利塔
從獅山(shan)頂(ding)峰沿石級而(er)下(xia)(xia),來到(dao)(dao)山(shan)背腳(jiao)下(xia)(xia)的舍利塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)共4層,高6米,寬2.5米,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)上端(duan)(duan)書“舍利寶塔(ta)(ta)(ta)”四(si)字,下(xia)(xia)端(duan)(duan)有(you)佛(fo)像浮雕一(yi)尊。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)旁有(you)一(yi)石碑曰“南(nan)山(shan)舍利塔(ta)(ta)(ta)記”,碑高96厘(li)米,寬76厘(li)米。碑文有(you)“佛(fo)光頻耀,震(zhen)動人天,信女陳覺定喜舍桂鈔一(yi)千(qian)五(wu)百一(yi)十五(wu)元(yuan)敬造(zao)石塔(ta)(ta)(ta)”等字樣(yang)。這個(ge)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)民國年(nian)間,本邑南(nan)江村(cun)盛光庭(ting)得(de)知(zhi)南(nan)山(shan)寺末(mo)代住持(chi)李春崖收有(you)普仁(ren)大師園寂時的一(yi)顆佛(fo)珠藏于廣東肇(zhao)慶慶云寺,便親到(dao)(dao)那里索珠回來,即(ji)與當(dang)地紳耆龔雨庭(ting)、葉瑞(rui)庭(ting)、周(zhou)景賢、林進才等人商議建(jian)舍利塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。隨后便以貴縣佛(fo)教協(xie)會名(ming)義發出(chu)緣(yuan)(yuan)部,向各方善(shan)男信女,廣結善(shan)緣(yuan)(yuan),隨緣(yuan)(yuan)樂捐,并得(de)到(dao)(dao)香港信女陳覺定大力支(zhi)持(chi),遂于1936年(nian)間全(quan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)建(jian)成(cheng),將普仁(ren)大師的佛(fo)珠藏于塔(ta)(ta)(ta)內(nei)。
舍利塔(ta)前面是一片廣闊(kuo)的(de)悠閑林(lin)蔭地,內中有(you)水塘。市政府已撥(bo)款(kuan)興建(jian)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)園,并于2003年8月13日(ri)建(jian)成對外開(kai)放(fang)。動(dong)物(wu)(wu)園占(zhan)地60畝,分為(wei)猛獸(shou)觀賞(shang)區(qu)、靈長類(lei)觀賞(shang)區(qu)、綜(zong)(zong)合(he)表演館、兒童逗趣園等(deng)區(qu)域(yu)。展出東(dong)北虎(hu)、獅(shi)子、狒狒、犀鳥等(deng)極具觀賞(shang)價值的(de)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)30多種200多頭(只),及(ji)包括黑熊、鳥類(lei)、猴子及(ji)寵(chong)物(wu)(wu)狗在內的(de)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)性表演。據了解,該園是廣西僅次于南寧市動(dong)物(wu)(wu)園的(de)第二(er)大公有(you)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)園。南山(shan)寺動(dong)物(wu)(wu)園的(de)建(jian)成開(kai)放(fang),為(wei)南山(shan)景(jing)區(qu)增添了一個炫(xuan)目的(de)亮點。
菩提樹
從(cong)舍利(li)塔沿石級南(nan)下,回到(dao)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)門西(xi)側,甘液池邊,有(you)(you)(you)棵(ke)遠近聞名的(de)菩提(ti)樹(shu)(shu),樹(shu)(shu)高(gao)16米(mi),主干直(zhi)徑1.1米(mi),葉大如掌,遮覆直(zhi)徑達8米(mi),四(si)季常青(qing),樹(shu)(shu)本名貝多(duo)羅,是(shi)佛教圣樹(shu)(shu),相傳以(yi)前(qian)西(xi)天眾(zhong)僧在此(ci)樹(shu)(shu)下宣講佛經(jing),證菩提(ti)果,因(yin)而(er)又(you)稱菩提(ti)樹(shu)(shu),因(yin)其稀有(you)(you)(you)長壽,而(er)成為南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)之瑰(gui)寶。此(ci)樹(shu)(shu)原產印度(du),中國稀有(you)(you)(you),南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)和廣東羊城(cheng)光孝(xiao)寺(si)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)棵(ke),合起來齊名。貴(gui)港人曾(ceng)紹箕于1686年作(zuo)《南(nan)山(shan)(shan)即景》詩時曾(ceng)提(ti)到(dao)菩提(ti)樹(shu)(shu)云:“行看池邊菩提(ti)樹(shu)(shu),靈鳥枝頭(tou)學梵(fan)音”,據此(ci)推(tui)斷,南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)菩提(ti)樹(shu)(shu)已有(you)(you)(you)三百多(duo)年歷史了。但迄今還是(shi)青(qing)翠挺拔,枝繁葉茂,未顯龍鐘老(lao)態(tai)。更(geng)奇的(de)是(shi),將(jiang)菩提(ti)葉浸于水中,存(cun)其盤脈,儼如薄紗,寺(si)中僧人曾(ceng)用以(yi)寫經(jing),可(ke)存(cun)千年,今人用作(zuo)書簽,可(ke)防蛀蟲。
交通信息
南山(shan)(shan)寺距城(cheng)區中心約四公(gong)里。從市新世(shi)紀廣場乘8路公(gong)共汽車,跨過郁江大橋,就到南山(shan)(shan)寺附近的文(wen)筆(bi)山(shan)(shan)。