景點簡介
南(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si),位于貴港市城(cheng)區南(nan)郊東南(nan)約3公(gong)里郁江岸邊二十四(si)峰中的南(nan)山(shan)公(gong)園內獅山(shan)巖洞(dong)里,是千(qian)年古寺(si)(si),嶺南(nan)名剎。
南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)是貴(gui)港旅(lv)游(you)勝(sheng)(sheng)地(di),屬(shu)自治(zhi)區(qu)級重點文(wen)物保護(hu)單位(wei)。市人民政府十分重視對(dui)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)名(ming)勝(sheng)(sheng)古(gu)跡的(de)(de)保護(hu)和修建(jian)(jian)(jian)工作,1977年起,南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)為南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),總(zong)面積(ji)達1354.6畝,其中(zhong)(zhong)石山(shan)(shan)占772.5畝。至今天止,南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)已建(jian)(jian)(jian)石級水(shui)(shui)泥登山(shan)(shan)路三條(tiao),兩(liang)條(tiao)分別建(jian)(jian)(jian)于寺(si)的(de)(de)東(dong)西側,各寬1.3米(mi),總(zong)長451.7米(mi),均置鐵(tie)桿扶欄(lan),老幼(you)上落安(an)全。另一條(tiao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于驢(lv)(lv)山(shan)(shan),開辟了驢(lv)(lv)山(shan)(shan)游(you)覽新區(qu)。此(ci)外,還建(jian)(jian)(jian)了古(gu)香(xiang)古(gu)色圍墻170多(duo)米(mi),古(gu)裝企(qi)樓(lou)式園(yuan)(yuan)門一座(zuo),亭臺樓(lou)榭多(duo)座(zuo),混凝土水(shui)(shui)泥環(huan)塘(tang)路一條(tiao),寬3米(mi),長490多(duo)米(mi);又另鋪筑混凝土游(you)園(yuan)(yuan)路600多(duo)米(mi)。公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)內外遍植各種(zhong)樹木(mu)花(hua)卉4萬多(duo)株(zhu),四季常青(qing),花(hua)香(xiang)滿園(yuan)(yuan)。連(lian)接(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)路的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)主(zhu)干道(dao)已通車(che),交(jiao)通方便。再有(you)(you),在寺(si)西還建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)兩(liang)層古(gu)青(qing)石樓(lou)文(wen)物陳列(lie)館,展出(chu)羅泊灣一號大型(xing)漢(han)墓出(chu)土文(wen)物;在寺(si)東(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)烈士陵園(yuan)(yuan),豎有(you)(you)革命烈士紀念碑,碑前有(you)(you)譚壽林、董(dong)銓漢(han)兩(liang)位(wei)革命烈士的(de)(de)塑(su)像(xiang),還有(you)(you)黃彰烈士墓及其塑(su)像(xiang)。貴(gui)港市人民政府除(chu)了引(yin)資(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)動(dong)物園(yuan)(yuan)外,還引(yin)資(zi)4000萬元興建(jian)(jian)(jian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)賓館,把南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成了A級國家旅(lv)游(you)景區(qu)。不久,南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)將(jiang)以(yi)嶄新面貌,迎接(jie)海內外游(you)客的(de)(de)光臨(lin)。
南山(shan)(shan)海拔70米,為(wei)郁江(jiang)畔(pan)24峰(feng)之(zhi)冠(guan)。山(shan)(shan)上(shang)奇巖(yan)(yan)峭壁(bi),雜樹(shu)間生,景色(se)雅致。相(xiang)傳昔(xi)有(you)(you)(you)不老松,今(jin)半山(shan)(shan)尚有(you)(you)(you)“不老松”崖(ya)刻(ke)(ke)。山(shan)(shan)前(qian)山(shan)(shan)后有(you)(you)(you)岸洞(dong)11個,洞(dong)中多(duo)有(you)(you)(you)宋(song)以來(lai)(lai)題刻(ke)(ke),觀(guan)音巖(yan)(yan)內(nei)還有(you)(you)(you)姿態各異的十八(ba)羅漢塑像(xiang)。登(deng)臨山(shan)(shan)巔(dian),可(ke)鳥瞰全城。南山(shan)(shan)寺(si)于南山(shan)(shan)上(shang),始修于宋(song)朝,宋(song)太宗賜御書,宋(song)仁(ren)宗題“景佑禪寺(si)”額匾。元(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)宗即位(wei)(wei)前(qian)兩次住寺(si),題“南山(shan)(shan)寺(si)”,稱(cheng)南宗正脈,是西江(jiang)重要佛寺(si)。“山(shan)(shan)明水秀本從來(lai)(lai),云水光中計四(si)峰(feng)”。寺(si)依山(shan)(shan)踞洞(dong)而建,門外有(you)(you)(you)菩提樹(shu),寺(si)內(nei)曲徑通幽,有(you)(you)(you)宋(song)、元(yuan)(yuan)、明、清石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)百余方和北宋(song)天圣三年(nian)(1025年(nian))大鐵(tie)鐘等(deng)歷史文(wen)物。洞(dong)內(nei)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)豐(feng)富多(duo)姿,有(you)(you)(you)飛來(lai)(lai)佛、石(shi)(shi)獅、石(shi)(shi)象(xiang)、石(shi)(shi)鯉(li)等(deng),另有(you)(you)(you)晉代(dai)葛洪煉丹(dan)遺(yi)址和流(liu)米洞(dong)遺(yi)跡。南山(shan)(shan)寺(si)歷代(dai)為(wei)旅(lv)游(you)勝地,今(jin)寺(si)內(nei)石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)與宋(song)代(dai)鐵(tie)鐘為(wei)自治區重點文(wen)物保護單位(wei)(wei)。
南山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)二十四峰,根據(ju)各山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)不同(tong)形狀分(fen)別名為:獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、文筆山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、驢山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、馬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雞兒山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、屏(ping)風(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、棲鳳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、靴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、風(feng)浪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、三臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大鐘山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、朝笏(hu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、螺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、蓮花山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、白鶴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、尖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、香爐山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、望夫山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、獨寨山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、兩面山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、涼帽(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、龜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、鳳凰(huang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),形似獅(shi)子(zi),半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰(yao)有兩個石洞(dong),分(fen)列(lie)于獅(shi)鼻兩邊,形似獅(shi)子(zi)的(de)兩個鼻孔,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上遍長“龍(long)骨草”,把整個獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)覆蓋得(de)嚴(yan)(yan)嚴(yan)(yan)實(shi)實(shi),活(huo)象(xiang)一(yi)(yi)只披(pi)茸(rong)醒獅(shi)。迎著初(chu)升(sheng)紅日,獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)就會出現“醒獅(shi)朝陽”一(yi)(yi)景,煞是好看。南山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寺就在獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下依(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)據(ju)洞(dong)而建,掩映于萬綠叢中,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前群峰環繞,如向獅(shi)王(wang)俯伏朝拜(bai)狀,構成一(yi)(yi)幅(fu)惟妙惟肖的(de)天然秀麗勝景。
歷史
南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)始建于(yu)(yu)宋(song)端拱二年(公元989年)。善智和(he)尚來(lai)到貴(gui)州(今貴(gui)港),踏遍山(shan)(shan)川,最(zui)后選在風景如畫的獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)巖洞里建立寺(si)(si)廟,供(gong)奉(feng)如來(lai)、三寶諸佛(fo),自(zi)此南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)香火興旺,名氣日盛。宋(song)至道三年(公元997年),宋(song)真(zhen)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)以宋(song)太宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)墨跡賜(si)天(tian)下(xia)名山(shan)(shan),南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)獲賜(si)太宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)御(yu)書224軸,并建御(yu)書閣安奉(feng)。當時,南(nan)山(shan)(shan)已成為天(tian)下(xia)名山(shan)(shan),揚名中原大(da)地。宋(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)于(yu)(yu)景祐(you)(you)元年(公元1034年),大(da)力(li)整頓寺(si)(si)宇,下(xia)令(ling)“毀天(tian)下(xia)無額賜(si)寺(si)(si)院”,由于(yu)(yu)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)是州治所在的寺(si)(si)廟,素負盛名,宋(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)乃(nai)親書“景祐(you)(you)禪寺(si)(si)”匾額賜(si)給南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)。因此南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)又名景祐(you)(you)禪寺(si)(si)。自(zi)此,南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)聲(sheng)名遠(yuan)播,成為嶺南(nan)名剎,終日香客盈門,達(da)官貴(gui)人(ren)、騷人(ren)墨客慕名來(lai)游(you)者,絡繹不(bu)絕。這是南(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)歷史上最(zui)輝煌(huang)的年代(dai)。
主要景點
文筆山
文(wen)筆(bi)山(shan)巍(wei)峨高(gao)大(da),厚(hou)重端莊,西看如支筆(bi),東望似猴(hou)子,北眺像觀音。山(shan)前有一(yi)池塘(tang),據說,以(yi)前常有驊騮(liu)(liu)(liu)(猴(hou)子)、鳳(feng)凰在塘(tang)邊或(huo)塘(tang)中戲耍,故名驊騮(liu)(liu)(liu)塘(tang),又名鳳(feng)凰塘(tang)。相傳,文(wen)筆(bi)山(shan)是(shi)貴(gui)港(gang)(gang)一(yi)支神筆(bi),它以(yi)驊騮(liu)(liu)(liu)塘(tang)為(wei)墨池,大(da)地為(wei)紙,舔(tian)之不完,寫(xie)之不盡,是(shi)貴(gui)港(gang)(gang)人才輩出的風水寶地。
八角亭
從文(wen)筆山行約400米,就到坐(zuo)落獅山的(de)南(nan)山寺(si)步入寺(si)門,再沿石(shi)級而(er)上到八角亭。此亭始建(jian)于清(qing)(qing)初,乾(qian)隆(long)后期(qi)重修至今已有200多年歷史(shi),是南(nan)山寺(si)現存最古老(lao)的(de)建(jian)筑物(wu)。亭內供奉大(da)肚(du)佛,兩(liang)側是四大(da)金剛,亭的(de)三(san)面墻壁鑲滿一塊(kuai)(kuai)塊(kuai)(kuai)石(shi)碑。亭東第(di)一塊(kuai)(kuai)是建(jian)八角亭的(de)碑文(wen),文(wen)曰(yue):清(qing)(qing)朝初期(qi),南(nan)山寺(si)“景物(wu)蕭疏十(shi)之四五”,據貴縣(xian)(xian)志記載(zai),那時,由于農民起義紛(fen)呈(cheng),清(qing)(qing)立國十(shi)三(san)年后才有縣(xian)(xian)官來(lai)坐(zuo)衙(ya)執政。碑文(wen)里說的(de)知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)澹(淡)公,就是清(qing)(qing)順(shun)治(zhi)十(shi)四年(公元1657年)到任(ren)的(de)。
南山大洞
從八角亭(ting)沿著之(zhi)字形石級直上,就(jiu)到南(nan)山大洞。洞門刻有(you):“洞門云鎖(suo)三冬暖,石室(shi)風生九夏涼”的對(dui)聯。洞門石壁(bi)上有(you)一棵不(bu)老(lao)松,是(shi)貴縣舊(jiu)八景之(zhi)一。這棵小(xiao)松樹自(zi)公元989年建寺時已有(you),一千多年來,不(bu)長(chang)高也不(bu)長(chang)大,總是(shi)老(lao)樣子(zi),四季常(chang)青,令人稱奇。據說“福如東海長(chang)流(liu)水,壽比南(nan)山不(bu)老(lao)松”典故就(jiu)源于此。
進入洞(dong)(dong)中,只(zhi)見該(gai)洞(dong)(dong)上窟窿,下寬敞,東西(xi)長50米(mi),南北寬30米(mi),高(gao)15米(mi)多。因洞(dong)(dong)中有(you)“石(shi)(shi)像天(tian)(tian)成,非鑿(zao)非刻”的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)然石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)三尊(zun)(zun)及(ji)歷(li)元(yuan)到(dao)明,后人增(zeng)刻已達三十余尊(zun)(zun),小石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)遍(bian)布(bu)崖(ya)(ya)上,故名石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)洞(dong)(dong)。該(gai)洞(dong)(dong)又是(shi)南山寺(si)供奉如來(lai)(lai)佛(fo)祖及(ji)寺(si)僧做佛(fo)事的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),這尊(zun)(zun)如來(lai)(lai)佛(fo)像是(shi)新塑造的(de)(de)(de),高(gao)八米(mi),故該(gai)洞(dong)(dong)又稱大殿。大洞(dong)(dong)是(shi)個文物豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)大寶庫,不(bu)但有(you)石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)、石(shi)(shi)象、石(shi)(shi)牛(niu)、石(shi)(shi)獅、石(shi)(shi)虎(hu)、石(shi)(shi)鯉,還有(you)御書碑和飛來(lai)(lai)鐘等(deng)勝跡(ji),以及(ji)歷(li)代騷人墨客的(de)(de)(de)詩詞、題額摩(mo)(mo)崖(ya)(ya),琳(lin)瑯滿目,令人嘆(tan)為觀止(zhi)。據(ju)統(tong)計(ji),南山寺(si)的(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)崖(ya)(ya)碑刻有(you)180多幅(塊),其中自治(zhi)區(qu)博物館(guan)有(you)拓片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)50幅,是(shi)自治(zhi)區(qu)文物保護單位。
御書碑
寺內有一塊極為珍貴的御書碑。元至治元年(公元1321年)圖貼睦爾親王被流放海南島,中途來游南山。公元1323年奉召返京,重游南山,并親書“南山寺”三字賜與寺僧。公元1328年圖貼睦爾登位,號文宗皇帝。后(hou)貴(gui)(gui)州(貴(gui)(gui)縣)州官撰(zhuan)跋(ba)刻《御(yu)書碑》立于石佛洞北壁下(xia)保存。
飛來鐘
洞的(de)左側(ce)有一(yi)口大(da)鐵鐘,叫飛(fei)來鐘,高1.8米(mi),口徑1.2米(mi),重一(yi)噸多(duo),用槌擊之(zhi)(zhi),發出巨(ju)響,山(shan)鳴(ming)谷應,聲播十里。鐘面鑄(zhu)有“皇(huang)宋(song)天圣三年(公元1025年)乙丑歲正月”,“撫州(zhou)(zhou)匠人(ren)曾守政鑄(zhu)造”等(deng)字樣。此鐘歷時近千(qian)年,為(wei)貴(gui)港市尚(shang)存16個(ge)鐵鐘之(zhi)(zhi)最,是全國(guo)十大(da)名鐘之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi),被列(lie)為(wei)廣(guang)西重點保護(hu)文物(wu)。這(zhe)個(ge)古老(lao)鐵鐘原是廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)光(guang)孝寺的(de)神物(wu),它之(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)神,據(ju)傳說,因(yin)它慕(mu)南山(shan)風景優美,香火興旺,在一(yi)夜之(zhi)(zhi)間從廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)飛(fei)來,自掛于(yu)大(da)洞一(yi)根橫木之(zhi)(zhi)上,長鳴(ming)七天七夜而止。神鐘還能(neng)卜吉(ji)兇(xiong),知禍(huo)福,來人(ren)拜之(zhi)(zhi)、求之(zhi)(zhi),都逢(feng)兇(xiong)化(hua)吉(ji),是南山(shan)寺又一(yi)奇(qi)寶。
觀音巖
大(da)(da)洞(dong)西(xi)側是(shi)觀(guan)音巖,與大(da)(da)洞(dong)相連,呈長(chang)方(fang)形(xing),長(chang)約15米,寬5米多(duo),從大(da)(da)洞(dong)拾級而上可到達。此巖是(shi)歷代石刻(ke)較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)地(di)方(fang),其中有講農(nong)業生產的(de),如清雍正年(nian)間(jian)曾兩度(du)任(ren)貴縣知縣的(de)天津人(ren)孫超群寫的(de)“南山記”石刻(ke)碑文。文中提到當(dang)時貴縣還不懂種(zhong)旱(han)田,農(nong)民都(dou)是(shi)“以手拔草,困(kun)難開辟,亦難多(duo)種(zhong)”。于(yu)是(shi)他推廣了(le)北方(fang)旱(han)地(di)農(nong)具鐵鋤,對農(nong)民“躬行教種(zhong)”,“數日間(jian)旱(han)田之利益(yi)通(tong)曉(xiao)”。他還滿有信心(xin)地(di)說“將來之辟土必(bi)多(duo),民生厚望矣(yi)”。
觀(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)巖(yan)寬敞明亮(liang),舊社會官紳游(you)山(shan)到此(ci),必擺酒吟詩,清(qing)風南來(lai),令人(ren)飄飄欲仙(xian)。因此(ci),清(qing)康(kang)熙貢生、山(shan)水(shui)(shui)郎曾(ceng)光(guang)(guang)國題刻(ke)“登臨即(ji)仙(xian)”。巖(yan)內有(you)“鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)”、“通(tong)天(tian)洞(dong)(dong)”勝景。關于鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)有(you)個神話(hua)傳說,很(hen)久以前(qian),郁江(jiang)鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)灣有(you)條鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)精,到南山(shan)寺稱王作惡,民憤(fen)很(hen)大,被觀(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)菩薩施法(fa)使(shi)其現(xian)出原形,并把(ba)它拋到觀(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)洞(dong)(dong)頂的石壁上倒掛起來(lai),鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)哭泣的淚水(shui)(shui)流(liu)到嘴(zui)邊(bian)滴(di)下(xia)來(lai),成(cheng)了今天(tian)的“鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)”奇觀(guan)(guan)(guan),真是“一(yi)(yi)(yi)竅有(you)靈通(tong)地脈,半(ban)空無雨(yu)滴(di)天(tian)槳”。觀(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)巖(yan)西壁上有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)洞(dong)(dong)口(kou),洞(dong)(dong)道僅供一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)沿(yan)崖攀(pan)登而(er)上,半(ban)山(shan)上有(you)小巖(yan)洞(dong)(dong),過去(qu)建有(you)魁星(xing)閣,曾(ceng)是僧人(ren)住宿之地。這個洞(dong)(dong)叫(jiao)“通(tong)天(tian)洞(dong)(dong)”,登臨者眼前(qian)即(ji)展現(xian)奇觀(guan)(guan)(guan)。“登臨即(ji)仙(xian)”,誰不雅(ya)興倍增?我游(you)至此(ci)處(chu)(chu),曾(ceng)觸景生情,口(kou)占(zhan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)絕(jue):“古寺風光(guang)(guang)處(chu)(chu)處(chu)(chu)優,鯉(li)(li)(li)魚(yu)(yu)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)送清(qing)流(liu)。沿(yan)崖直上通(tong)天(tian)洞(dong)(dong),掩映林(lin)光(guang)(guang)畫(hua)閣樓”。
在大洞(dong)(dong)東(dong)側(ce),有(you)兩個(ge)小(xiao)巖洞(dong)(dong),一(yi)稱流(liu)(liu)(liu)云洞(dong)(dong),清晨經(jing)常(chang)有(you)云霧從(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)外(wai)漫(man)進。一(yi)稱流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong),在洞(dong)(dong)頂石(shi)壁上有(you)一(yi)似漏斗狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)洞(dong)(dong),以前(qian)有(you)米(mi)(mi)從(cong)洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)出,寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)幾人,米(mi)(mi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)幾許,不(bu)多(duo)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)少。這(zhe)些米(mi)(mi)從(cong)那里來(lai)呢(ni)?相傳是金龜和(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴去(qu)游伏波灘(tan),見(jian)米(mi)(mi)船觸(chu)礁沉(chen)沒,將遺下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)米(mi)(mi)運(yun)回南山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。但(dan)后(hou)來(lai)有(you)個(ge)貪(tan)心和(he)(he)尚,把(ba)流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)鑿寬(kuan),企圖讓米(mi)(mi)多(duo)出,把(ba)金龜和(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴辛辛苦(ku)苦(ku)運(yun)回的(de)(de)(de)(de)大米(mi)(mi)掏空了(le)(le)。金龜和(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴知道后(hou),嘆息道:“真是人心不(bu)足蛇吞象”,一(yi)怒(nu)之下(xia),從(cong)此不(bu)再去(qu)運(yun)米(mi)(mi)了(le)(le)。自此之后(hou),流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)再流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)(mi)了(le)(le)。金龜和(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴終(zhong)日(ri)坐禪,后(hou)來(lai)也(ye)(ye)仙(xian)(xian)化了(le)(le)。據說(shuo),南山(shan)(shan)(shan)二十(shi)四峰(feng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)龜山(shan)(shan)(shan)、鶴山(shan)(shan)(shan),就是當年(nian)金龜、仙(xian)(xian)鶴的(de)(de)(de)(de)化身。此外(wai),在流(liu)(liu)(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)北側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)壁上還有(you)個(ge)直通山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong),險陡難(nan)上。洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)條(tiao)躍龍門的(de)(de)(de)(de)鯉魚(yu),故(gu)稱石(shi)鯉洞(dong)(dong)。公(gong)元1872年(nian)有(you)個(ge)學士游南山(shan)(shan)(shan)曾(ceng)吟詩一(yi)首,用浪(lang)漫(man)主(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)法寫道:“胡不(bu)貫之柳,烹玉法一(yi)試?”意思(si)是說(shuo):“為什么不(bu)用柳條(tiao)把(ba)那條(tiao)鯉魚(yu)串回來(lai)蒸它吃呢(ni)?”鯉魚(yu)跳(tiao)龍門,龍門就在這(zhe)里,你看,鯉魚(yu)已跳(tiao)到洞(dong)(dong)口來(lai)了(le)(le)。
御書閣
在(zai)(zai)大洞東門附近,過去建有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東樓“御書閣”,是安(an)奉(feng)宋(song)太宗賜御書224軸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方,現已被毀無(wu)存(cun)。我們(men)從大洞東門出來(lai),沿(yan)著羊(yang)腸小道(dao)拾級攀登(deng)北(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang),只見半山(shan)峭(qiao)壁上(shang)(shang)刻有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“問(wen)心(xin)”兩字,用意似乎是要每個(ge)登(deng)山(shan)者回答:“繼(ji)續前進(jin)還(huan)是半途而(er)止?”面(mian)對那“鳥道(dao)磐(pan)羊(yang)腸,怪石(shi)(shi)削(xue)雞距(ju),天(tian)(tian)(tian)梯斷后(hou)(hou)連,下瞰毛骨豎”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)險(xian)峻歷程(cheng),只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)下定決心(xin),“飛步白云(yun)巔”,才(cai)能觀(guan)賞到(dao)那“石(shi)(shi)龕(kan)益奇麗(li)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)色。后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)“問(wen)心(xin)”旁建有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)個(ge)半山(shan)亭(ting),讓游人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)小憩(qi)后(hou)(hou)繼(ji)續攀登(deng)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)詩云(yun):“一(yi)生能有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)幾回游,勿(wu)在(zai)(zai)半山(shan)亭(ting)里(li)休(xiu),南(nan)(nan)峰頂上(shang)(shang)風光好(hao),古(gu)郡勝(sheng)景(jing)(jing)目中收。”到(dao)了(le)北(bei)(bei)極(ji)洞,十分涼爽,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)戶(hu)通”、“千(qian)里(li)俯(fu)窺”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奇景(jing)(jing)。清乾(qian)隆初年,潯(xun)州知府李綺(qi)(江蘇人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren))有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)詩云(yun):“未盡登(deng)臨(lin)興(xing),還(huan)來(lai)絕頂游。俯(fu)身(shen)皆下界,極(ji)目見神州”。妙哉!尤為后(hou)(hou)兩句寫景(jing)(jing)抒情,情融于景(jing)(jing),讀后(hou)(hou)令人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)振奮(fen)。北(bei)(bei)極(ji)洞又名(ming)葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)巖(yan),是公元四世紀晉代(dai)藥物家葛(ge)(ge)洪(hong)從廣東羅浮山(shan)來(lai)此山(shan)采藥煉丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)時(shi)居住(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)個(ge)巖(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)腳下有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)個(ge)泉眼,常年有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泉水涌動而(er)出,水清味甜可(ke)口,水中含(han)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)砂,飲之(zhi)可(ke)延年益壽。據傳說,當年葛(ge)(ge)洪(hong)就(jiu)在(zai)(zai)泉眼邊筑(zhu)圍(wei)成井(jing),取此井(jing)水到(dao)北(bei)(bei)極(ji)洞筑(zhu)灶(zao)煉丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。他(ta)歷盡了(le)千(qian)辛萬苦,終于煉出了(le)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),修成了(le)正果,成仙(xian)(xian)(xian)升天(tian)(tian)(tian)去了(le)。后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為紀念他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)德,尊稱(cheng)他(ta)為葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian),北(bei)(bei)極(ji)洞又得名(ming)葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)洞。那口井(jing)稱(cheng)為仙(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)井(jing),葛(ge)(ge)洪(hong)煉丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)灶(zao)稱(cheng)為葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)灶(zao),今遺跡尚存(cun)。清代(dai)舉(ju)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)石(shi)(shi)崇先有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)《丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)灶(zao)吟》云(yun):“水云(yun)深入(ru)好(hao)棲(qi)遲,行滿功(gong)成在(zai)(zai)此時(shi)。九轉(zhuan)靈丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)真(zhen)火(huo)候,三翻(fan)消息登(deng)離奇。一(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)驀靜(jing)三更現,萬法全空五夜知。得道(dao)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)翁駕鶴去,長留丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)灶(zao)使人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)思。”看(kan)來(lai),一(yi)切均有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)證可(ke)考。
從(cong)北極洞出來,登上(shang)獅(shi)山(shan)頂峰(feng),倚著嵯峨的山(shan)石,遠眺(tiao)稻浪翻滾,蔗海蔥蘢,青(qing)山(shan)聳翠,郁水(shui)蕩波(bo),鬧(nao)市人涌,大道車(che)流(liu),真是(shi)氣象萬(wan)千。近看廿四(si)峰(feng)羅(luo)列(lie)如(ru)畫屏,翠黛環立。宋代貴(gui)州(今貴(gui)港(gang))郡守(shou)陳昭嗣作(zuo)詩(shi)曰(yue):“二十(shi)四(si)峰(feng)稱小桂,山(shan)明水(shui)秀本從(cong)來。”1991年我們(men)陪南(nan)寧市葵(kui)花(hua)詩(shi)社十(shi)老游南(nan)山(shan)時也吟道:“陪客南(nan)山(shan)再次(ci)游,攀登步上(shang)頂峰(feng)樓。披(pi)襟極目情無限,廿四(si)奇峰(feng)眼(yan)底收。”可謂異曲同(tong)工(gong)。
舍利塔
從(cong)獅(shi)山頂(ding)峰沿石(shi)級(ji)而(er)下(xia),來(lai)到(dao)山背腳下(xia)的(de)舍(she)利塔(ta)(ta)。此塔(ta)(ta)共4層,高(gao)6米(mi),寬(kuan)2.5米(mi),塔(ta)(ta)上端書“舍(she)利寶塔(ta)(ta)”四字,下(xia)端有佛(fo)像浮雕一(yi)尊。塔(ta)(ta)旁有一(yi)石(shi)碑曰“南(nan)山舍(she)利塔(ta)(ta)記”,碑高(gao)96厘(li)米(mi),寬(kuan)76厘(li)米(mi)。碑文(wen)有“佛(fo)光頻耀,震動人天(tian),信(xin)(xin)女(nv)陳覺定喜(xi)舍(she)桂(gui)鈔(chao)一(yi)千五百一(yi)十五元敬造石(shi)塔(ta)(ta)”等字樣。這個(ge)塔(ta)(ta)是民國年(nian)間,本邑南(nan)江村盛光庭(ting)得知南(nan)山寺末代住持(chi)李(li)春崖收有普(pu)仁大(da)(da)師園寂時的(de)一(yi)顆(ke)佛(fo)珠(zhu)(zhu)藏(zang)(zang)于(yu)廣(guang)東肇慶慶云(yun)寺,便親到(dao)那(nei)里索珠(zhu)(zhu)回來(lai),即與當地紳耆龔雨庭(ting)、葉瑞庭(ting)、周景賢(xian)、林進(jin)才等人商議(yi)建舍(she)利塔(ta)(ta)。隨后便以(yi)貴(gui)縣佛(fo)教協會名義發(fa)出緣部,向各方善(shan)(shan)男信(xin)(xin)女(nv),廣(guang)結善(shan)(shan)緣,隨緣樂(le)捐,并(bing)得到(dao)香港信(xin)(xin)女(nv)陳覺定大(da)(da)力(li)支持(chi),遂于(yu)1936年(nian)間全塔(ta)(ta)建成,將(jiang)普(pu)仁大(da)(da)師的(de)佛(fo)珠(zhu)(zhu)藏(zang)(zang)于(yu)塔(ta)(ta)內。
舍利塔(ta)前(qian)面是一片廣闊的悠閑林(lin)蔭地(di),內中有水塘(tang)。市政府已(yi)撥款興建動(dong)物園(yuan),并(bing)于(yu)(yu)2003年8月13日(ri)建成(cheng)對外開(kai)放。動(dong)物園(yuan)占地(di)60畝,分(fen)為猛(meng)獸觀賞區(qu)(qu)、靈長(chang)類(lei)觀賞區(qu)(qu)、綜合表演館、兒童逗趣園(yuan)等(deng)區(qu)(qu)域。展出東北虎、獅子、狒狒、犀(xi)鳥等(deng)極具觀賞價值的動(dong)物30多種(zhong)200多頭(只),及包括黑熊、鳥類(lei)、猴子及寵物狗在內的綜合性表演。據(ju)了解,該園(yuan)是廣西僅次于(yu)(yu)南寧(ning)市動(dong)物園(yuan)的第二大公有動(dong)物園(yuan)。南山寺動(dong)物園(yuan)的建成(cheng)開(kai)放,為南山景區(qu)(qu)增添了一個炫目(mu)的亮點。
菩提樹
從舍利塔沿石級南(nan)(nan)下,回(hui)到(dao)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)門西側,甘(gan)液(ye)池邊(bian),有棵遠近聞名(ming)的菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)樹(shu),樹(shu)高16米,主(zhu)干直徑1.1米,葉(xie)大如掌,遮覆直徑達8米,四(si)季常青,樹(shu)本名(ming)貝多羅(luo),是佛教(jiao)圣樹(shu),相傳以前西天眾僧(seng)在此(ci)樹(shu)下宣講佛經(jing),證菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)果(guo),因而(er)又(you)稱菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)樹(shu),因其稀有長壽,而(er)成為南(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)之瑰寶。此(ci)樹(shu)原(yuan)產印度,中國(guo)稀有,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)和(he)廣東羊城光(guang)孝寺(si)(si)各(ge)有一棵,合起來齊名(ming)。貴港人(ren)曾紹箕于1686年作(zuo)《南(nan)(nan)山(shan)即景》詩時曾提(ti)(ti)(ti)到(dao)菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)樹(shu)云(yun):“行看(kan)池邊(bian)菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)樹(shu),靈(ling)鳥枝頭學梵音”,據此(ci)推斷(duan),南(nan)(nan)山(shan)寺(si)(si)菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)樹(shu)已有三百(bai)多年歷(li)史了。但迄今還是青翠挺拔,枝繁葉(xie)茂,未顯龍(long)鐘老態。更奇的是,將菩(pu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)葉(xie)浸于水中,存(cun)其盤脈(mo),儼如薄紗,寺(si)(si)中僧(seng)人(ren)曾用以寫(xie)經(jing),可(ke)(ke)存(cun)千(qian)年,今人(ren)用作(zuo)書簽(qian),可(ke)(ke)防蛀蟲。
交通信息
南山(shan)寺距(ju)城區中心(xin)約四(si)公里(li)。從市新世(shi)紀廣場乘8路公共汽(qi)車,跨過(guo)郁(yu)江(jiang)大橋,就到南山(shan)寺附近的(de)文筆(bi)山(shan)。