全稱《西岳華山廟碑》,延熹四年(公元161年)四月刻,是(shi)漢碑隸書(shu)成(cheng)熟(shu)時期的代表作之(zhi)一。
漢隸——華山碑
漢代隸(li)(li)書(shu)(shu)(shu)。全稱《西岳華(hua)山(shan)廟(miao)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》,延(yan)熹四(si)年(公(gong)元161年)四(si)月(yue)刻,此碑(bei)(bei)(bei)與《禮器(qi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》一(yi)樣被(bei)譽為漢隸(li)(li)中典范,結字(zi)堂(tang)堂(tang)正正,字(zi)、行距(ju)齊整,波(bo)磔秀美。碑(bei)(bei)(bei)原(yuan)在陜西華(hua)陰縣西岳廟(miao)中,明嘉靖三十(shi)四(si)年(一(yi)五(wu)五(wu)五(wu))毀(hui)于地震。隸(li)(li)書(shu)(shu)(shu),二十(shi)二行,行三十(shi)八字(zi)。額(e)篆書(shu)(shu)(shu)“西岳華(hua)山(shan)廟(miao)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)”六字(zi)。末行有“郭香查書(shu)(shu)(shu)”字(zi)樣。《華(hua)山(shan)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》是漢碑(bei)(bei)(bei)隸(li)(li)屬(shu)成熟時期的代表作之(zhi)一(yi)。書(shu)(shu)(shu)風樸茂古拙(zhuo)又圓轉流(liu)動(dong);用筆(bi)豐(feng)滿中和又波(bo)磔明顯,為書(shu)(shu)(shu)家所推(tui)重(zhong)。
周(zhou)禮(li)職(zhi)方(fang)(fang)氏,(河南山鎮曰(yue)崋,謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西(xi)岳(yue)(yue),春秋(qiu)傳(chuan)曰(yue),山岳(yue)(yue)則(ze)(ze)配天(tian),乾?定)位,山澤通(tong)氣(qi),云行雨(yu)施(shi),既成(cheng)萬物,易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi)(也,祀典(dian)曰(yue):日月(yue)(yue)星(xing)辰,所(suo)(suo)(suo)昭(zhao)昂也,地理(li)山川(chuan)(chuan),所(suo)(suo)(suo)生殖也,功)加於(wu)(wu)民,祀以報(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。禮(li)記曰(yue):天(tian)子(zi)(zi)祭(ji)(ji)天(tian)地,及(山川(chuan)(chuan),歲?焉(yan),自三五(wu)迭(die)興,其(qi)(qi)(qi)奉山川(chuan)(chuan),或在天(tian)子(zi)(zi),或在(諸侯(hou),是以唐虞(yu)疇(chou)咨四岳(yue)(yue),五(wu)歲壹巡狩(shou)(shou),皆以四(時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)月(yue)(yue),各省(sheng)(sheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang),親至(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)山,柴祭(ji)(ji)燔燎),〔夏(xia)〕商則(ze)(ze)未(wei)聞(wen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)損(sun)益,周(zhou)鑒於(wu)(wu)二代,十有二歲,王巡狩(shou)(shou)殷(國(guo),亦(yi)有)事(shi)於(wu)(wu)方(fang)(fang)岳(yue)(yue),祀以圭(璧,樂(le)奏六歌),高祖初興,改秦淫祀。太宗承循,各詔(zhao)有司,其(qi)(qi)(qi)山川(chuan)(chuan)在諸侯(hou)者(zhe),以時祠(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。孝武皇(huang)帝(di)修(xiu)(xiu)封禪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(禮(li)),〔恩〕登假之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,巡省(sheng)(sheng)五(wu)岳(yue)(yue),禋祀豐〔備〕,故立宮其(qi)(qi)(qi)下,宮曰(yue)集靈宮,壂曰(yue)存仙壂,門曰(yue)望仙門。仲宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世,重使使者(zhe)持(節祀)焉(yan),歲一禱(dao)而三祠(ci)(ci),后(hou)不承前(qian),(至(zhi)(zhi))於(wu)(wu)亡新,寖用丘虛,迄今垣(yuan)趾營兆猶存,建武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元,事(shi)舉其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),禮(li)從(cong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)省(sheng)(sheng),但使二千石(shi)以歲時往(祠(ci)(ci)),其(qi)(qi)(qi)有風旱,禱(dao)請祈(qi)求,靡不報(bao)應(ying),自是以來,百有余(yu)年,有事(shi)西(xi)巡,輒(zhe)過亨(heng)祭(ji)(ji),然其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)立碑(bei)石(shi),刻(紀時事(shi)),文字摩滅(mie),莫能存識,延(yan)熹四年七月(yue)(yue)甲子(zi)(zi),弘(hong)農(nong)大守安國(guo)亭侯(hou)汝南袁逢,掌崋岳(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)位,應(ying)古(gu)制修(xiu)(xiu)廢起頓,閔其(qi)(qi)(qi)若茲,深(shen)達和(he)民事(shi)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi),精(jing)通(tong)誠(cheng)至(zhi)(zhi)礿(yue)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福(fu),乃案經(jing)傳(chuan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)載,原本所(suo)(suo)(suo)由,銘勒斯石(shi),垂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)后(hou),其(qi)(qi)(qi)辭曰(yue):
巖巖西岳,峻極穹蒼(cang),奄有河朔,遂荒崋陽(yang),觸石興云,雨(yu)我農桑,資(zi)糧品物,亦相瑤光,崇冠二州,古曰雝梁,馮於豳岐,文武(wu)克(ke)昌,天(tian)子展義,巡狩省方,玉帛(bo)之贄,禮(li)與(yu)岱亢(kang),六樂之變,舞以(yi)致康(kang),在漢中葉(xie),建(jian)設宇堂(tang),山岳之守,是秩是望,侯惟安(an)國,兼命(ming)斯章,尊(zun)修靈基,肅共壇場,明(ming)德惟馨,神(shen)歆其芳,遏禳(rang)兇札,?#91;斂吉(ji)祥,歲其有年,民〔說(shuo)〕無疆。
袁府君(jun)(jun)肅(su)恭明神(shen),易碑飾闕,會遷(qian)(qian)京兆尹,孫府君(jun)(jun)到(dao),欽若嘉業(ye),遵而成(cheng)之,延熹(xi)八年四月廿九日甲子就,袁府君(jun)(jun)諱(hui)逢,字(zi)周陽,汝南(nan)(nan)女陽人(ren)(ren)(ren),孫府君(jun)(jun)諱(hui)璆,字(zi)山陵,安平信都人(ren)(ren)(ren),時令朱(zhu)頡(jie),字(zi)宣得(de),甘陵鄃(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren),丞張昉,字(zi)少(shao)游,河南(nan)(nan)京人(ren)(ren)(ren),左尉(wei)唐佑,字(zi)君(jun)(jun)惠,河南(nan)(nan)密人(ren)(ren)(ren),主者掾崋陰王萇,字(zi)得(de)長,京兆尹?監都水掾霸(ba)陵〔杜(du)遷(qian)(qian)〕市石,遣〔書(shu)〕佐新豐郭?察書(shu),刻者潁(ying)川邯鄲公修〔蘇〕張,工郭君(jun)(jun)〔遷(qian)(qian)〕。
清代朱彝尊評此(ci)(ci)碑(bei)說:“漢隸凡三種(zhong)(zhong),一種(zhong)(zhong)方整,一種(zhong)(zhong)流麗,一種(zhong)(zhong)奇古(gu)(gu)。惟延熹(xi)《華岳碑(bei)》正變乖合,靡所不(bu)有,兼三者之(zhi)(zhi)長(chang),當為(wei)漢隸第一品。”方朔《枕(zhen)經(jing)堂(tang)金(jin)(jin)石(shi)書畫(hua)提拔》中云:“字(zi)(zi)字(zi)(zi)起(qi)棱,筆筆如(ru)鑄,意包千(qian)古(gu)(gu),勢壓三峰。”(《金(jin)(jin)石(shi)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)跋尾(wei)》)。劉熙(xi)載也說:“漢碑(bei)蕭散如(ru)韓敕、孔(kong)宙,嚴密如(ru)衡方、張遷(qian),皆隸之(zhi)(zhi)盛也,若華山(shan)廟碑(bei),磅礴(bo)郁積,流漓(li)頓挫,意味尤不(bu)可窮(qiong)極。”。”《華山(shan)碑(bei)》傳世(shi)拓(tuo)本只有四種(zhong)(zhong):長(chang)垣(yuan)本,華陰本,四明(ming)本,李文(wen)田本。除長(chang)垣(yuan)本為(wei)宋拓(tuo)外,其余均為(wei)明(ming)拓(tuo)。此(ci)(ci)次印行之(zhi)(zhi)拓(tuo)即為(wei)長(chang)垣(yuan)本,惜原(yuan)物已流入日本。