寺院簡史
饒(rao)益寺坐落于(yu)射洪柳樹鎮西南二里(li)的通濟山(shan)中,建于(yu)明正(zheng)統(tong)八(1443)。清光(guang)緒六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1880)進行(xing)較大(da)培修擴建。 該寺坐西向東,寺前為山(shan)門(men),次第為彌(mi)勒佛殿(dian),大(da)雄寶殿(dian),藏經樓(lou),觀(guan)音殿(dian),右有(you)廂房,左(zuo)有(you)戒堂,呈四合(he)院布置。大(da)雄寶殿(dian)建于(yu)明正(zheng)統(tong)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1443),為明代木結構建筑,抬梁式梁架,脊為鏤(lou)空花磚建造,二龍纏(chan)繞,龍身鑲嵌瓷片。藏經樓(lou)主樓(lou)建于(yu)明萬(wan)歷二十六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1599),右樓(lou)為清光(guang)緒七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1882)建,現有(you)清代壁畫31幅,水(shui)墨(mo)淡(dan)彩,繪佛經故(gu)事及少量民(min)間故(gu)事。人物傳神,帶有(you)濃(nong)郁的民(min)間風味(wei)。該寺布局(ju)合(he)理(li),結構嚴謹(jin),線條明快,斗拱古樸大(da)方,脊飾(shi)壯(zhuang)觀(guan)。
建筑特色
由射洪市城南下20公里,便是中國名酒沱牌曲(qu)酒的總部所在地(di)(di)柳(liu)樹(shu)鎮。鎮南通濟山半山腰上,綠蔭掩(yan)映中,一(yi)大片(pian)殿、閣、樓(lou)、坊等古(gu)建筑(zhu)若隱若現,朝暉夕(xi)陰,紅墻(qiang)碧瓦,古(gu)意盎然(ran),這便是川中著名的開放寺(si)廟(miao),禪(chan)林勝地(di)(di)饒益(yi)寺(si)。
出柳樹鎮,從通濟山(shan)麓沿數百級石(shi)階(jie)而上,有(you)(you)高六米的(de)四層(ceng)青石(shi)字庫,原有(you)(you)龍(long)紋磚(zhuan)砌牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang),牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)兩側有(you)(you)對聯:“彼(bi)岸(an)向北流,有(you)(you)白鶴(he)玉珠,左輝(hui)右映;斯山(shan)即西土(tu),共青堤榆柳,日新月異”。西邊側門上有(you)(you)“龍(long)盤(pan)”、“虎踞”二字,字體(ti)遒(qiu)勁(jing),為宋代名人手書(shu),牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)圖案(an)文飾皆極(ji)精美,特別是龍(long)形(xing)花紋,云(yun)霧(wu)纏繞,曲(qu)繞盤(pan)桓,飛動流暢,堪稱絕品。可惜此難得(de)之物竟在文革中(zhong)被毀。
從牌坊上(shang)行(xing)20米,為一石砌月(yue)臺,月(yue)臺前圍(wei)以青石雕花欄桿,左(zuo)右各(ge)一株榕(rong)樹,蔭翳蔽(bi)日,夏(xia)日涼爽異常。榕(rong)樹后面(mian)便是(shi)大(da)山門(men)(men),門(men)(men)前原有乾隆年間雕刻的古石獅二只(zhi),已被毀。山門(men)(men)上(shang)左(zuo)右各(ge)有行(xing)書木匾一道,曰(yue)“是(shi)禪林(lin)”、“金栗林(lin)”,字體恬(tian)淡(dan)雍(yong)容,筋骨內涵,傳為明代書畫家董其昌手筆。山門(men)(men)飛桅翹(qiao)角,備極(ji)精巧。
從大山門進入(ru),曾有(you)天王殿,有(you)木匾對(dui)聯一副:彌(mi)勒佛笑眾生,何日(ri)得了;釋迦尊悲群迷,幾(ji)時(shi)才休。天王殿左右各有(you)走(zou)樓(lou),走(zou)樓(lou)外有(you)鐘(zhong)(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou),有(you)大鐘(zhong)(zhong)高約四米,重二噸多,鐘(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)文字甚多,當年饒益(yi)寺鼎盛時(shi)期,清悅的鐘(zhong)(zhong)聲柳樹全壩皆聞。
天王殿(dian)(dian)再前(qian)(qian)行是(shi)一個院(yuan)壩(ba),院(yuan)壩(ba)后面,便是(shi)饒益寺的主(zhu)體建(jian)筑大(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)面闊三間(jian)(jian),進(jin)深三間(jian)(jian),單檐(yan)九檁歇山(shan),檐(yan)下施七(qi)踩單翹重(zhong)昂(ang)斗栱。構架為(wei)抬梁式(shi)結構,明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)前(qian)(qian)金柱間(jian)(jian)屋(wu)內(nei)額下有(you)(you)“維大(da)(da)明(ming)(ming)正統八年歲次癸(gui)亥……”墨書題記,與(yu)清(qing)嘉慶二十(shi)四年所修(xiu)《射洪市(shi)志》記載(zai)(zai)的建(jian)造(zao)年代(dai)吻合。檐(yan)下斗栱有(you)(you)角科(ke)(ke)4攢(zan)(zan),柱頭科(ke)(ke)8攢(zan)(zan),前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)平身科(ke)(ke)4攢(zan)(zan),后檐(yan)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)平身科(ke)(ke)3攢(zan)(zan),兩山(shan)中(zhong)進(jin)平身科(ke)(ke)各(ge)(ge)2攢(zan)(zan),次間(jian)(jian)平身科(ke)(ke)各(ge)(ge)1攢(zan)(zan),外檐(yan)斗栱共31攢(zan)(zan)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)裝有(you)(you)現代(dai)添加的天花(hua)板,五(wu)架隨梁以上情況不明(ming)(ming)。屋(wu)脊(ji)為(wei)磚胎灰塑脊(ji),中(zhong)堆(dui)為(wei)五(wu)層寶珠,二龍繞圍屋(wu)脊(ji),中(zhong)堆(dui)和龍采用嵌瓷工藝(yi)(yi)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)有(you)(you)佛(fo)像(xiang)三尊(zun),左右排列十(shi)八羅漢,兩壁(bi)(bi)原(yuan)有(you)(you)壁(bi)(bi)畫,人物高達兩米,可惜毀于十(shi)年浩劫。饒益寺大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)是(shi)射洪市(shi)為(wei)數不多的明(ming)(ming)代(dai)建(jian)筑之一,具有(you)(you)重(zhong)要的歷史、藝(yi)(yi)術價值(zhi)。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)右側,有(you)(you)殘碑(bei)一塊,記載(zai)(zai)了(le)饒益寺的建(jian)筑沿革和興廢(fei)經(jing)過。
大雄寶殿(dian)后(hou)面為玉皇樓(lou),此(ci)樓(lou)為明萬(wan)歷二(er)十六年所建,全樓(lou)占地200平(ping)方米,原有壁(bi)畫68幅,內(nei)容多取材于《封神榜》,文革中部分被毀(hui),現(xian)存有37幅;樓(lou)上所有抬梁枋均著彩色花(hua)紋圖(tu)案,十分精美。
玉皇殿(dian)右(you)側(ce)又(you)有(you)(you)觀音(yin)殿(dian),占地亦為200平(ping)方米,屋脊中間聳(song)立(li)著(zhu)一(yi)塊鏤空七(qi)層陶磚牌(pai)坊,高180厘(li)米,兩龍(long)背上騎坐(zuo)陶塑像四(si)個,較大佛殿(dian)制作更為精美。觀音(yin)殿(dian)前天(tian)井(jing)內,有(you)(you)桂樹兩株,樹齡已(yi)近百年。