寺院簡史
饒益寺(si)坐(zuo)落于射(she)洪(hong)柳樹鎮西南二(er)里的通濟山中,建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)(ming)正(zheng)統八(1443)。清光(guang)(guang)緒六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(1880)進(jin)行(xing)較大(da)培(pei)修擴建(jian)(jian)。 該寺(si)坐(zuo)西向東(dong),寺(si)前為(wei)山門,次第為(wei)彌勒佛殿(dian),大(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian),藏經樓,觀音殿(dian),右有(you)(you)廂(xiang)房,左有(you)(you)戒(jie)堂(tang),呈四合院(yuan)布置(zhi)。大(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)(ming)正(zheng)統八年(nian)(nian)(1443),為(wei)明(ming)(ming)代木結構(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑,抬梁(liang)式梁(liang)架(jia),脊(ji)為(wei)鏤空花(hua)磚(zhuan)建(jian)(jian)造,二(er)龍纏繞(rao),龍身鑲嵌(qian)瓷片。藏經樓主樓建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)(ming)萬歷二(er)十六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(1599),右樓為(wei)清光(guang)(guang)緒七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(1882)建(jian)(jian),現有(you)(you)清代壁畫31幅,水墨淡(dan)彩,繪佛經故(gu)事及少(shao)量民間故(gu)事。人物傳神,帶有(you)(you)濃郁(yu)的民間風味。該寺(si)布局合理,結構(gou)嚴謹,線條(tiao)明(ming)(ming)快,斗拱古樸(pu)大(da)方,脊(ji)飾壯觀。
建筑特色
由射洪市城南下20公(gong)里,便(bian)是中國名酒(jiu)沱牌(pai)曲酒(jiu)的總部所在地柳樹鎮。鎮南通濟山(shan)半山(shan)腰上(shang),綠(lv)蔭掩映中,一大片殿、閣、樓、坊等古建筑若(ruo)隱若(ruo)現,朝暉夕(xi)陰,紅墻碧(bi)瓦(wa),古意盎(ang)然,這便(bian)是川中著名的開放寺(si)廟,禪(chan)林勝地饒益寺(si)。
出柳樹鎮(zhen),從通(tong)濟山(shan)(shan)麓沿數百級石(shi)階而上,有(you)高六米的四層青(qing)(qing)石(shi)字庫,原有(you)龍(long)紋磚砌牌坊(fang),牌坊(fang)兩側(ce)(ce)有(you)對聯:“彼(bi)岸向北流(liu),有(you)白鶴玉(yu)珠(zhu),左輝右映(ying);斯山(shan)(shan)即(ji)西(xi)土,共青(qing)(qing)堤榆柳,日(ri)新月異”。西(xi)邊側(ce)(ce)門上有(you)“龍(long)盤”、“虎踞”二(er)字,字體遒勁,為宋代名人手(shou)書,牌坊(fang)圖(tu)案文飾皆極(ji)精(jing)美,特別是龍(long)形(xing)花紋,云霧纏繞,曲繞盤桓(huan),飛動流(liu)暢,堪稱(cheng)絕品(pin)。可(ke)惜此(ci)難得之物竟在文革中被毀。
從牌坊上行20米(mi),為一(yi)石(shi)砌月臺(tai),月臺(tai)前圍以青石(shi)雕花欄(lan)桿(gan),左右各一(yi)株榕(rong)樹,蔭翳(yi)蔽日(ri)(ri),夏日(ri)(ri)涼爽異常。榕(rong)樹后面便是(shi)大山門(men),門(men)前原有乾(qian)隆年間雕刻的古石(shi)獅二只(zhi),已(yi)被毀(hui)。山門(men)上左右各有行書木匾一(yi)道,曰“是(shi)禪林”、“金栗(li)林”,字(zi)體恬淡雍容,筋(jin)骨(gu)內涵,傳為明代書畫家董(dong)其昌手筆。山門(men)飛桅翹角,備極精巧。
從大(da)山門進入,曾有(you)(you)天王(wang)殿(dian),有(you)(you)木匾對聯一(yi)副:彌勒(le)佛笑眾生,何(he)日得(de)了;釋迦尊悲(bei)群(qun)迷,幾時才休。天王(wang)殿(dian)左右各有(you)(you)走樓,走樓外有(you)(you)鐘(zhong)鼓樓,有(you)(you)大(da)鐘(zhong)高約四米,重二噸(dun)多,鐘(zhong)面(mian)文(wen)字甚多,當年饒(rao)益寺鼎盛時期,清悅的鐘(zhong)聲柳樹全壩皆聞。
天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)再前(qian)行是一(yi)個院壩(ba),院壩(ba)后(hou)面,便是饒益(yi)寺(si)的(de)(de)主(zhu)體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)大(da)(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)面闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian),進深三(san)間(jian)(jian),單檐九檁歇山,檐下施七踩單翹重昂斗栱。構(gou)架為抬梁式結構(gou),明間(jian)(jian)前(qian)金(jin)柱(zhu)間(jian)(jian)屋內(nei)額下有“維大(da)(da)明正(zheng)統(tong)八(ba)年(nian)歲(sui)次癸亥……”墨書(shu)題(ti)記,與清嘉慶二十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)所修(xiu)《射(she)(she)洪市志》記載的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)造年(nian)代吻合(he)。檐下斗栱有角(jiao)科(ke)4攢(zan)(zan)(zan),柱(zhu)頭(tou)科(ke)8攢(zan)(zan)(zan),前(qian)檐明間(jian)(jian)平身科(ke)4攢(zan)(zan)(zan),后(hou)檐明間(jian)(jian)平身科(ke)3攢(zan)(zan)(zan),兩(liang)山中(zhong)進平身科(ke)各(ge)2攢(zan)(zan)(zan),次間(jian)(jian)平身科(ke)各(ge)1攢(zan)(zan)(zan),外(wai)檐斗栱共31攢(zan)(zan)(zan)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)裝有現(xian)代添加的(de)(de)天(tian)花板,五(wu)架隨梁以上情況不明。屋脊為磚(zhuan)胎灰塑脊,中(zhong)堆(dui)為五(wu)層(ceng)寶(bao)珠(zhu),二龍繞圍屋脊,中(zhong)堆(dui)和(he)龍采用嵌瓷工藝。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)有佛像三(san)尊,左右(you)排列十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)羅漢,兩(liang)壁原有壁畫,人物高達兩(liang)米,可惜毀于十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)浩劫。饒益(yi)寺(si)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)是射(she)(she)洪市為數不多的(de)(de)明代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)之一(yi),具有重要的(de)(de)歷史、藝術價(jia)值。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)右(you)側,有殘碑一(yi)塊,記載了饒益(yi)寺(si)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)沿革(ge)和(he)興廢經過(guo)。
大(da)雄寶殿后面為(wei)玉皇樓,此樓為(wei)明萬歷二十(shi)六(liu)年所建,全(quan)樓占(zhan)地200平方米,原有(you)壁畫68幅,內容多(duo)取材于《封神(shen)榜(bang)》,文(wen)革中(zhong)部分被(bei)毀,現存有(you)37幅;樓上所有(you)抬梁枋均(jun)著彩色花紋圖(tu)案(an),十(shi)分精美。
玉皇殿右側又(you)有(you)觀(guan)音殿,占地亦為200平方米(mi),屋脊中間聳立著一塊鏤空七(qi)層陶(tao)磚牌坊(fang),高180厘米(mi),兩(liang)(liang)龍背上騎坐陶(tao)塑(su)像四個,較(jiao)大佛(fo)殿制作更為精(jing)美。觀(guan)音殿前天井內,有(you)桂樹(shu)兩(liang)(liang)株,樹(shu)齡已近百(bai)年。