新風系統的種類有哪些
一、按送風方式分類
1、單向流(liu)新(xin)風(feng)系統
單(dan)向流(liu)系統(tong)是基于機(ji)械式(shi)通風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong)三大原則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)中央機(ji)械式(shi)排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)與自然進風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)結合(he)而(er)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)多元(yuan)化通風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong),由風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)、進風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口、排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口及(ji)各種管道(dao)和(he)接頭組成的(de)(de)(de)。安裝在(zai)(zai)吊(diao)頂內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)通過管道(dao)與一(yi)系列的(de)(de)(de)排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口相連,風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)啟動時,室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)混濁的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)經安裝在(zai)(zai)室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口通過風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)排(pai)(pai)出(chu)室(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai),在(zai)(zai)室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)形(xing)成幾個有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)負壓(ya)區,室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)空(kong)氣(qi)持續不斷的(de)(de)(de)向負壓(ya)區流(liu)動并排(pai)(pai)出(chu)室(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai),室(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)新鮮(xian)(xian)空(kong)氣(qi)由安裝在(zai)(zai)窗框上方的(de)(de)(de)進風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口不斷的(de)(de)(de)向室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)補充,從而(er)一(yi)直呼吸(xi)到高品質的(de)(de)(de)新鮮(xian)(xian)空(kong)氣(qi)。該新風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統(tong),但無須(xu)送(song)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)管道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)連接,而(er)排(pai)(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)管道(dao)一(yi)般(ban)安裝于過道(dao)、衛生間等通常(chang)有(you)吊(diao)頂的(de)(de)(de)地方,基本上不額外(wai)(wai)(wai)占用(yong)空(kong)間。
2、雙(shuang)向流新風系(xi)統
雙(shuang)向(xiang)流新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)基(ji)(ji)于機(ji)械式通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)三大原則的(de)(de)中(zhong)央機(ji)械式送(song)、排(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),并且是(shi)對單向(xiang)流新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)補充。在雙(shuang)向(xiang)流系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)設計中(zhong)排(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)與(yu)室(shi)內(nei)排(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)位置與(yu)單向(xiang)流分(fen)布(bu)基(ji)(ji)本一致,不(bu)同的(de)(de)是(shi)雙(shuang)向(xiang)流系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)是(shi)由新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)送(song)入。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)通(tong)過管道與(yu)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)器相連接,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)不(bu)斷的(de)(de)把室(shi)外新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)通(tong)過管道送(song)入室(shi)內(nei),以(yi)滿足(zu)人們日常生活所需(xu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)鮮、有(you)(you)質量的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)。排(pai)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)與(yu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)都帶有(you)(you)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量調(diao)節閥,通(tong)過主(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)的(de)(de)動力排(pai)與(yu)送(song)來實現室(shi)內(nei)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)換氣(qi)。
3、地送風系統
由(you)于二(er)氧化碳(tan)比(bi)空(kong)氣重,因此越接近地(di)面(mian)含氧量越低,從節能(neng)方面(mian)來考慮(lv),將新風(feng)系統安裝在(zai)(zai)地(di)面(mian)會得到更好的通風(feng)效果。從地(di)板(ban)(ban)或墻底部送(song)(song)風(feng)口或上送(song)(song)風(feng)口所送(song)(song)冷風(feng)在(zai)(zai)地(di)板(ban)(ban)表面(mian)上擴散開來,形成(cheng)(cheng)有組織的氣流組織,并且在(zai)(zai)熱(re)源周圍形成(cheng)(cheng)浮力尾流帶(dai)走熱(re)量。由(you)于風(feng)速較(jiao)低,氣流組織紊動平(ping)緩(huan),沒有大的渦流,因而室內工(gong)作區(qu)空(kong)氣溫度在(zai)(zai)水平(ping)方向(xiang)上比(bi)較(jiao)一致,而在(zai)(zai)垂直(zhi)方向(xiang)上分層,層高越大,這種現(xian)象(xiang)越明顯。
二、按安裝方式分類
1、管道新風系統
中央管(guan)道(dao)新(xin)風(feng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)通(tong)過(guo)管(guan)道(dao)與(yu)新(xin)風(feng)主機連(lian)接,系(xi)統(tong)(tong)原理為,在廚房(fang)、衛生間裝(zhuang)設排(pai)風(feng)機及排(pai)風(feng)管(guan)道(dao)等配套(tao)設施(shi),在臥室(shi)(shi)(shi)、客廳裝(zhuang)設進風(feng)口。排(pai)風(feng)機運(yun)轉時,排(pai)出(chu)室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)原有空(kong)氣(qi),使(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)空(kong)氣(qi)產生負壓,室(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)新(xin)鮮空(kong)氣(qi)在室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)空(kong)氣(qi)壓差(cha)的(de)作用下,通(tong)過(guo)進風(feng)口進入室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei),以此達(da)到(dao)室(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)通(tong)風(feng)換氣(qi)的(de)目的(de)。
2、單體(ti)新風系統
單體新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統(tong)是近幾年新(xin)(xin)(xin)上市的新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統(tong)產品,其(qi)包括了壁(bi)掛式新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統(tong)、落地(di)式新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統(tong)2款產品。其(qi)主體結構與(yu)中央(yang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統(tong)并無太大(da)的區別,不同點在(zai)于單體新(xin)(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統(tong)不需要(yao)復雜管道工程,安(an)裝方式十(shi)分的簡(jian)單,無論裝修前(qian)后(hou)都可以安(an)裝,后(hou)期的維護(hu)成本也十(shi)分低廉(lian)。
如何選購合適的新風系統
1、類型
根(gen)據家庭(ting)裝修(xiu)情況、需要更新室內空(kong)氣質量的房間面(mian)積等,可以(yi)選擇中央(yang)(yang)新風、壁掛式和(he)(he)立柜式新風系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。中央(yang)(yang)新風系(xi)(xi)統(tong)采(cai)用吊頂式安裝,操(cao)作(zuo)復雜需要提前預留檢修(xiu)口(kou),相對來說柜式和(he)(he)壁掛式新風系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的耗材更換、后期維(wei)護和(he)(he)保養更方便(bian)。但中央(yang)(yang)新風系(xi)(xi)統(tong)過濾(lv)凈化能力(li)更顯著。
2、風量
根據房(fang)屋面(mian)積大(da)致計算所需(xu)新(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量,用(yong)套內面(mian)積(扣(kou)除衛生間(jian)廚房(fang)空間(jian),避免串味)×房(fang)屋層高×全屋每小時的(de)換(huan)氣次數0.5~2.0次/h×30%的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量損耗,得出大(da)概所需(xu)通風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量,選(xuan)擇(ze)合適風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量的(de)新(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系統主機。如室內面(mian)積80平米(mi)(mi)的(de)用(yong)戶建議選(xuan)購風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量不(bu)小于300立方米(mi)(mi)/小時的(de)新(xin)(xin)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)凈化系統。
3、噪音
一(yi)般來講新(xin)風凈化系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的噪(zao)(zao)音是跟風量成(cheng)正比的,風量越(yue)大(da)噪(zao)(zao)音越(yue)大(da),所以選(xuan)購(gou)新(xin)風的時候我們需要在風量和噪(zao)(zao)音之間找到一(yi)個平衡點,選(xuan)購(gou)新(xin)風系(xi)(xi)統(tong)時最大(da)噪(zao)(zao)音建(jian)議不要超過45分貝,否則會對日常生活休息產生影響。
4、過濾效果
達到(dao)HEPA標準的過(guo)濾網,對于(yu)0.3微(wei)米的過(guo)濾效率達到(dao)99.9%。濾網等級(ji)越高(gao)過(guo)濾效果越強(qiang)。但(dan)HEPA濾網容塵量(liang)不足(zu),使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命有(you)限,建(jian)議選擇組合濾網,輔助多級(ji)過(guo)濾,HEPA等級(ji)高(gao)于(yu)H12的新風(feng)凈(jing)化(hua)系統(tong)為佳。
5、熱交換
為了(le)解決空(kong)氣置(zhi)換(huan)造(zao)成的(de)室(shi)內(nei)溫差對人體傷害及能(neng)(neng)(neng)量流(liu)失(shi)問題,可通(tong)過能(neng)(neng)(neng)源回收器(qi)熱交換(huan)器(qi),回收室(shi)內(nei)排出廢氣中的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量,為引入(ru)室(shi)外(wai)的(de)空(kong)氣進行加熱或者降溫,平衡室(shi)內(nei)溫差,確保溫度環境舒適,降低空(kong)氣置(zhi)換(huan)造(zao)成的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源損(sun)耗。
6、維護成本
新風產品的(de)(de)售后和維(wei)護也是我們比較(jiao)關心的(de)(de)一方(fang)面,新風凈(jing)(jing)化系統最(zui)大的(de)(de)維(wei)護成本在于濾網的(de)(de)更換。如果濾網壽命已盡卻沒有更換,新風凈(jing)(jing)化系統不但(dan)無法再提供(gong)凈(jing)(jing)化功能,反而(er)可(ke)能因為(wei)污染(ran)物的(de)(de)堆積成為(wei)新的(de)(de)空氣污染(ran)源。