一、數碼相機電池的種類
堿性鋅錳電池
這種(zhong)電池(chi)(chi)是我們在市場(chang)上很容易買(mai)得到的(de)5號(hao)電池(chi)(chi),他(ta)們的(de)沒有(you)(you)經過特殊的(de)材料和(he)技術改造(zao),使(shi)用這種(zhong)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)數碼照(zhao)相機多(duo)為(wei)底端產品。因為(wei)市場(chang)銷(xiao)售面(mian)廣,所以(yi)用戶(hu)不需擔心這種(zhong)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)價格,但是,也(ye)因為(wei)技術普通(tong),其供電量(liang)和(he)持久力遠(yuan)遠(yuan)比(bi)比(bi)不上其他(ta)幾(ji)種(zhong)的(de)電池(chi)(chi)。有(you)(you)的(de)時候(hou),他(ta)的(de)電不足以(yi)帶動(dong)數碼相機的(de)啟動(dong),甚至會對數碼相機造(zao)成(cheng)影響。
鎳氫電池
這(zhe)種電(dian)池(chi)(chi)是早期(qi)鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)替代產品,相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)來說,鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)具有更加(jia)引人注目的(de)(de)優(you)勢。它大(da)大(da)減少了鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)存在的(de)(de)“記憶效應”,這(zhe)使鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)使用(yong)更加(jia)方便(bian),循(xun)環使用(yong)壽命(ming)更加(jia)長久(jiu)(可達1000次(ci))。此外,鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)還(huan)具有電(dian)容(rong)量高(gao)、放(fang)電(dian)深度(du)大(da)、耐(nai)過(guo)充和過(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)、充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)短等明顯的(de)(de)優(you)點。最重要的(de)(de)是鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)不再使用(yong)有毒的(de)(de)重金屬作為材(cai)料,可以消除其對(dui)(dui)(dui)環境(jing)的(de)(de)污染。同(tong)時(shi),在電(dian)學特性(xing)方面與鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)基本相(xiang)似,在實際應用(yong)中(zhong)完全可以替代鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)而不需要對(dui)(dui)(dui)相(xiang)機進行任何的(de)(de)改(gai)造(zao)。
鋰電池
鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)價格(ge)比(bi)較(jiao)高(gao),但它具有(you)重量(liang)輕(qing),容量(liang)大、能量(liang)密度大的優(you)(you)點,與鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相比(bi),鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)比(bi)較(jiao)輕(qing)便,而(er)能量(liang)比(bi)卻(que)高(gao)出60%。正(zheng)因(yin)為如此(ci),鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的生產和銷售(shou)正(zheng)逐漸超過鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),成為現在(zai)數碼相機主(zhu)要(yao)使(shi)用的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)之一。此(ci)外,鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)幾乎沒有(you)“記憶效應”以及不含(han)有(you)毒物質等優(you)(you)點也是它廣(guang)泛應用的重要(yao)原(yuan)因(yin)。
鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的技術狀況、性能(neng)都(dou)比較(jiao)好,只是價(jia)格(ge)略高一些,使用(yong)起來也比較(jiao)講究、復(fu)雜,尤其(qi)是鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)必須要“專用(yong)”,它不能(neng)與其(qi)它電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)兼(jian)容。堿性鋅錳(meng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),雖然單價(jia)低(di),消(xiao)費(fei)者買得起,但其(qi)壽命短,長期使用(yong)讓普(pu)通消(xiao)費(fei)者也難以承擔費(fei)用(yong)。相比之下,鎘(ge)鎳電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、氫(qing)鎳電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是目(mu)前在制造技術上較(jiao)成熟,價(jia)格(ge)也較(jiao)合理(li)的蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
二、如何延長電池壽命
通(tong)常如果15天以(yi)上不(bu)使用(yong)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua),最好把電(dian)池從(cong)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)機(ji)里面(mian)取出單獨存放,保存的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境最好是(shi)干(gan)燥和陰涼的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方,而(er)且不(bu)要將電(dian)池與金屬物品(pin)存放在一(yi)(yi)起。根據我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)查,目(mu)前在市面(mian)上可以(yi)買到的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)碼(ma)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)機(ji)大(da)部分都使用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)池,它的(de)(de)(de)(de)存放相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)方便。唯一(yi)(yi)需要注(zhu)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)長(chang)期不(bu)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua),最好每隔2個月,激活一(yi)(yi)次電(dian)池,也就(jiu)是(shi)沖放電(dian)一(yi)(yi)次,這樣能夠有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)延長(chang)電(dian)池壽(shou)命。
至于鎳氫5號(hao)電池,最討厭的就(jiu)是(shi)記(ji)憶效應(ying),這種效應(ying)會降(jiang)低電池的總容量和(he)使用(yong)時間 ,而且(qie)隨(sui)著時間的推(tui)移,存儲電荷(he)會越來越少,電池也就(jiu)會消耗得越來越快。因此,應(ying)該盡量將電力全(quan)部用(yong)完再充(chong)電,每次充(chong)電一定要充(chong)到最滿才能(neng)斷電。
如(ru)果您出(chu)門的(de)時(shi)(shi)候,臨時(shi)(shi)使(shi)用堿(jian)性電池(chi),一定要記(ji)得及(ji)時(shi)(shi)取(qu)出(chu),否則(ze)一旦長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間不(bu)使(shi)用,電池(chi)很容易淌水腐蝕電路,相機難逃報廢的(de)命(ming)運。對(dui)于使(shi)用堿(jian)性電池(chi)的(de)用戶,上面已經提到(dao)過,切記(ji)的(de)一點就是在使(shi)用完(wan)數碼相機后,一定記(ji)得取(qu)出(chu)電池(chi),以免出(chu)現電池(chi)流液(ye)現象而損(sun)壞機器(qi)。
而(er)對于使用可充的鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的用戶(hu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)很有(you)講究的,剛買回來的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)很低或者無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang),首次充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)(yao)充足(zu)。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)超(chao)過8小(xiao)時,而(er)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)超(chao)過16小(xiao)時。而(er)要(yao)(yao)(yao)達(da)到(dao)最(zui)佳(jia)效果,也就是(shi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)達(da)到(dao)它(ta)的最(zui)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang),一(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)反復充放(fang)3次以(yi)上(shang)才可以(yi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)用三次后(hou),最(zui)好(hao)找(zhao)個(ge)機會(hui)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)完全放(fang)盡再進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),盡量(liang)不要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)還有(you)殘余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)時反復充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),不然會(hui)縮(suo)短(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充完后(hou)一(yi)般比(bi)較(jiao)熱,最(zui)好(hao)待電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)冷卻后(hou)再裝入(ru)相(xiang)機使用。但注(zhu)意的是(shi),鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)因沒有(you)記(ji)憶(yi)效應,所以(yi)千萬不要(yao)(yao)(yao)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),否則只會(hui)破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)結構,損(sun)耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的使用壽命。
另外,為了避免電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)流失,使用鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)用戶,在充完電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)取下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)后(hou),不要讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)正負(fu)兩(liang)極(ji)同時接觸(chu)(chu)導體(ti),比如(ru)說不要用手(shou)指同時接觸(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)兩(liang)端(duan)。而(er)使用鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)用戶,應該盡(jin)量(liang)保持相機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒內的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正負(fu)極(ji)接觸(chu)(chu)點的(de)(de)潔凈,必要時可以使用干燥(zao)的(de)(de)拭(shi)布(bu)輕(qing)輕(qing)擦拭(shi)再裝(zhuang)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。
還(huan)需要(yao)注意(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi),即(ji)使(shi)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu),在(zai)長時間不使(shi)用(yong)數碼相機時,也要(yao)將其完全放(fang)電(dian)后,取出電(dian)池(chi)(chi),存放(fang)在(zai)干燥、陰涼的(de)(de)環境下。而另外要(yao)注意(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi),無論是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)還(huan)是(shi)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu),最好都不要(yao)將已充好電(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)在(zai)皮(pi)包、衣袋、手提袋或者裝有金(jin)屬物品的(de)(de)容器(qi)中,以防止短路。
三、相機電池省電大法
1、避(bi)免頻繁的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)閃光(guang)燈:如果您不(bu)(bu)是專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)攝影人士的(de)(de)(de)(de)話,除非是在看不(bu)(bu)見五指(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑夜,普通白(bai)天的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)源強度對于一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)數碼相機來說,是足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
2、盡量避免不必(bi)要的(de)(de)變焦操作:變焦相機(ji)鏡頭的(de)(de)一(yi)伸一(yi)縮(suo),非常(chang)耗電。您可以多動動腳(jiao)步,用“人工變焦”的(de)(de)方式取代(dai)“相機(ji)變焦”,以節(jie)省電量。
3、別讓(rang)顯示屏一直亮著:如果在(zai)(zai)電(dian)量不多的情況下,可以(yi)關(guan)(guan)閉LCD屏,用取景器來(lai)調整畫面構圖(tu),對于一部數(shu)碼相機(ji)來(lai)說,LCD應該算是最耗電(dian)的部件,一般數(shu)碼相機(ji),在(zai)(zai)關(guan)(guan)閉LCD屏后可以(yi)使(shi)用的時(shi)間(jian)是原來(lai)時(shi)長的3倍左右。
4、少(shao)用(yong)連(lian)(lian)拍(pai)和錄像:盡(jin)量(liang)少(shao)用(yong)連(lian)(lian)拍(pai)功能(neng)(neng)和動態影像短片拍(pai)攝功能(neng)(neng),因為這些(xie)功能(neng)(neng)的(de)完成(cheng)是利用(yong)機身內(nei)置的(de)緩存來(lai)暫時保(bao)存所拍(pai)畫面,所耗電量(liang)很多。
5、切忌(ji)頻(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji):不(bu)少用(yong)戶(hu)知道顯(xian)示屏一直亮著很耗電(dian),所(suo)以在使用(yong)中為了節省電(dian)力,就(jiu)頻(pin)繁(fan)的(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)。其(qi)(qi)實頻(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)浪費掉(diao)的(de)(de)電(dian)力可能比高(gao)亮顯(xian)示屏消耗的(de)(de)還要多(duo),尤(you)其(qi)(qi)對于鏡頭口徑較(jiao)大(da),又(you)需要大(da)幅度伸縮的(de)(de)相機(ji)(ji)來說,開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)非常耗電(dian)。大(da)多(duo)數數碼相機(ji)(ji)都有自動關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)選項(xiang)(xiang),這項(xiang)(xiang)設置(zhi)不(bu)宜(yi)設置(zhi)得(de)太(tai)短,否則容易導致頻(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)。當(dang)然(ran)人為的(de)(de)頻(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)也應該盡(jin)量避免。
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