一、數碼相機電池的種類

堿性鋅錳電池

這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)我(wo)們(men)在市場上(shang)很容易買得到的(de)(de)5號(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，他們(men)的(de)(de)沒有經過(guo)特殊的(de)(de)材料和技術(shu)改造(zao)，使用這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)數(shu)碼照相機多為(wei)底端產品。因為(wei)市場銷售(shou)面廣(guang)，所以用戶不需擔心這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)價格，但是(shi)，也因為(wei)技術(shu)普通，其供電(dian)(dian)(dian)量和持久力遠遠比(bi)比(bi)不上(shang)其他幾種(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。有的(de)(de)時候，他的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)不足(zu)以帶動數(shu)碼相機的(de)(de)啟動，甚至會(hui)對數(shu)碼相機造(zao)成影響。

鎳氫電池

這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是早期(qi)鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)替代(dai)產品，相(xiang)對(dui)于(yu)鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池來說(shuo)，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池具有更加(jia)引人注目的(de)優勢。它大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減少了鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池中存(cun)在(zai)的(de)“記憶效(xiao)應”，這使鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)使用(yong)更加(jia)方便，循環使用(yong)壽(shou)命更加(jia)長久(jiu)（可(ke)達1000次）。此(ci)外，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池還具有電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量高、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)深度大(da)(da)、耐過(guo)充和過(guo)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間短等明顯的(de)優點。最重要(yao)的(de)是鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池不再(zai)使用(yong)有毒(du)的(de)重金(jin)屬作為材料，可(ke)以消除其對(dui)環境的(de)污染(ran)。同時，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)學特性方面與鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池基本相(xiang)似，在(zai)實(shi)際應用(yong)中完全(quan)可(ke)以替代(dai)鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池而不需要(yao)對(dui)相(xiang)機進行任何的(de)改(gai)造(zao)。

鋰電池

鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)價格比較高，但它(ta)具有(you)重量(liang)輕(qing)，容量(liang)大、能量(liang)密度(du)大的(de)(de)優點，與(yu)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)相(xiang)比，鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)比較輕(qing)便，而能量(liang)比卻高出(chu)60%。正因為如此(ci)，鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)生產和銷售正逐漸超過鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)，成為現在數碼相(xiang)機主(zhu)要使用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)之(zhi)一。此(ci)外，鋰(li)(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)幾乎沒有(you)“記憶效應”以及不含有(you)毒物質等優點也是它(ta)廣泛應用(yong)的(de)(de)重要原因。

鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)技術(shu)狀況、性(xing)(xing)能(neng)都比(bi)較好，只是價格略高一些，使用(yong)起來也(ye)比(bi)較講究(jiu)、復雜，尤(you)其是鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器必須(xu)要“專用(yong)”，它(ta)不能(neng)與其它(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器兼容。堿性(xing)(xing)鋅錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，雖然單(dan)價低，消費者買得起，但其壽命短，長(chang)期使用(yong)讓普通消費者也(ye)難以(yi)承擔費用(yong)。相比(bi)之下，鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、氫(qing)鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是目前(qian)在制造技術(shu)上較成熟(shu)，價格也(ye)較合理的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

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二、如何延長電池壽命

通常(chang)如果15天以(yi)上不使(shi)用相機(ji)的(de)(de)話(hua)，最(zui)好把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)從相機(ji)里面取出單(dan)獨(du)存放，保存的(de)(de)環(huan)境最(zui)好是(shi)干燥和陰涼的(de)(de)地(di)方，而且不要(yao)將電(dian)池(chi)與金屬物品(pin)存放在(zai)一起。根據我們的(de)(de)調查，目前(qian)在(zai)市面上可(ke)以(yi)買(mai)到的(de)(de)數(shu)碼相機(ji)大(da)部分(fen)都(dou)使(shi)用鋰電(dian)池(chi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)存放相對方便。唯(wei)一需(xu)要(yao)注意的(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)長期不使(shi)用的(de)(de)話(hua)，最(zui)好每(mei)隔2個月(yue)，激活一次電(dian)池(chi)，也就(jiu)是(shi)沖放電(dian)一次，這樣能夠有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)延長電(dian)池(chi)壽命。

至于鎳氫5號電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，最(zui)討厭的就(jiu)是記憶效(xiao)應，這種(zhong)效(xiao)應會降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的總(zong)容(rong)量和(he)使用時(shi)間 ，而(er)且隨著時(shi)間的推移，存儲電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷會越(yue)來越(yue)少，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也(ye)就(jiu)會消耗得(de)越(yue)來越(yue)快(kuai)。因(yin)此(ci)，應該(gai)盡量將電(dian)(dian)(dian)力全部用完(wan)再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，每次充電(dian)(dian)(dian)一定要充到最(zui)滿(man)才(cai)能斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

如果您出(chu)門(men)的(de)時(shi)候，臨(lin)時(shi)使用(yong)(yong)堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，一(yi)定要記(ji)得(de)及時(shi)取出(chu)，否則(ze)一(yi)旦長時(shi)間不使用(yong)(yong)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)很容易淌水腐蝕電(dian)(dian)路，相(xiang)機(ji)難逃報廢的(de)命運。對(dui)于使用(yong)(yong)堿性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)，上(shang)面(mian)已經提到過(guo)，切記(ji)的(de)一(yi)點(dian)就是在使用(yong)(yong)完(wan)數碼(ma)相(xiang)機(ji)后(hou)，一(yi)定記(ji)得(de)取出(chu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，以免出(chu)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)流液現(xian)象而損壞機(ji)器。

而對于(yu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)可充(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是很有講究的(de)(de)(de)(de)，剛(gang)買回來的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)很低或(huo)者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，首次充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)定要充(chong)(chong)足。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間一(yi)(yi)般(ban)要超過(guo)8小(xiao)時(shi)，而鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間一(yi)(yi)般(ban)要超過(guo)16小(xiao)時(shi)。而要達到最(zui)佳效(xiao)果，也(ye)就是使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)達到它的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)要反復充(chong)(chong)放3次以上才(cai)可以。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)用(yong)三次后(hou)，最(zui)好找個機會(hui)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)完全放盡(jin)再進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)要在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)還有殘(can)余電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)時(shi)反復充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，不(bu)然會(hui)縮(suo)短電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)完后(hou)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)比較熱，最(zui)好待(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)冷卻后(hou)再裝入(ru)相(xiang)機使(shi)(shi)用(yong)。但注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)是，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)因沒有記(ji)憶效(xiao)應，所(suo)以千萬不(bu)要放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，否(fou)則只會(hui)破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)結(jie)構，損耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命。

另(ling)外，為了避免(mian)電(dian)(dian)量流失，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶，在(zai)充完電(dian)(dian)取(qu)下電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)后，不要讓電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的正(zheng)負兩極同時接(jie)觸導體，比(bi)如說(shuo)不要用(yong)(yong)(yong)手指同時接(jie)觸電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)兩端。而使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶，應該(gai)盡(jin)量保持相機(ji)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)盒內的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)正(zheng)負極接(jie)觸點的潔凈，必(bi)要時可(ke)以使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)干燥(zao)的拭(shi)(shi)布輕輕擦拭(shi)(shi)再裝入電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。

還(huan)需要注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，即使是(shi)(shi)(shi)使用(yong)鋰電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)用(yong)戶，在長時(shi)間不(bu)使用(yong)數碼相機時(shi)，也(ye)要將(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)完(wan)全放電(dian)(dian)后，取出(chu)電(dian)(dian)池，存放在干(gan)燥(zao)、陰(yin)涼的(de)(de)環境下。而另外要注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，無論是(shi)(shi)(shi)使用(yong)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)鋰電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)用(yong)戶，最好都不(bu)要將(jiang)(jiang)已充好電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池放在皮(pi)包、衣袋(dai)、手提袋(dai)或者裝有(you)金屬物品的(de)(de)容器(qi)中，以防止短路(lu)。

三、相機電池省電大法

1、避免頻(pin)繁的(de)(de)使用閃光(guang)燈：如果(guo)您不是專業的(de)(de)攝影人士的(de)(de)話(hua)，除非是在看不見五指的(de)(de)黑夜(ye)，普通白天的(de)(de)光(guang)源強度對于(yu)一(yi)般的(de)(de)數(shu)碼相機來說(shuo)，是足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)。

2、盡量避免不必(bi)要的(de)變(bian)(bian)焦操作：變(bian)(bian)焦相機(ji)鏡頭的(de)一伸一縮，非常耗電(dian)。您可以多動動腳步，用“人(ren)工變(bian)(bian)焦”的(de)方式取代“相機(ji)變(bian)(bian)焦”，以節省電(dian)量。

3、別讓顯示屏一直亮著：如果在(zai)電量不多的(de)(de)情況下，可以(yi)關閉LCD屏，用取景器來(lai)調整畫面構(gou)圖，對于一部數碼相機來(lai)說，LCD應該算是(shi)最(zui)耗(hao)電的(de)(de)部件，一般(ban)數碼相機，在(zai)關閉LCD屏后可以(yi)使(shi)用的(de)(de)時間(jian)是(shi)原來(lai)時長的(de)(de)3倍左右(you)。

4、少用(yong)連拍(pai)和(he)錄像：盡量(liang)少用(yong)連拍(pai)功能和(he)動態影(ying)像短片拍(pai)攝功能，因(yin)為這(zhe)些功能的(de)完(wan)成是利用(yong)機身內置的(de)緩存來暫時保存所(suo)拍(pai)畫面，所(suo)耗(hao)電(dian)量(liang)很多。

5、切忌(ji)頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)：不少(shao)用(yong)戶知道顯示屏(ping)一直亮著很耗(hao)電，所以在使用(yong)中為(wei)了節省電力(li)，就頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)的開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)。其實(shi)頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)浪費掉的電力(li)可能比高亮顯示屏(ping)消耗(hao)的還(huan)要多，尤其對于(yu)鏡頭口徑(jing)較大，又需要大幅度伸縮的相機(ji)(ji)(ji)來說，開(kai)(kai)關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)非(fei)常(chang)耗(hao)電。大多數(shu)數(shu)碼相機(ji)(ji)(ji)都有自動關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)選項，這項設置(zhi)不宜設置(zhi)得太短，否則容易導致頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)。當然人為(wei)的頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)(kai)、關(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)也應該盡(jin)量避免。