【刨(bao)(bao)花板(ban)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)】刨(bao)(bao)花板(ban)的生產工(gong)藝(yi)(yi) 刨(bao)(bao)花板(ban)生產工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)流程(cheng)

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刨花板生產工藝

熱壓是刨花板生產一個關鍵(jian)性(xing)工(gong)序，所起(qi)作用是使板坯中膠料固化，并(bing)將松(song)散的板坯經加(jia)壓后固結成規定厚度的板材。其工(gong)藝要(yao)求為：

①適(shi)當的(de)含水率(lv)。表(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)含水率(lv)為18～20％時有利于抗彎強度(du)、抗拉(la)強度(du)和(he)表(biao)面光潔(jie)度(du)的(de)提高，減少卸壓(ya)時板(ban)坯鼓泡分層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)可能。芯層(ceng)(ceng)含水率(lv)應適(shi)當低于表(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)，以保持適(shi)當的(de)平(ping)面抗拉(la)強度(du)。

②適當的熱壓壓力。壓力能影響刨花之間接觸面積、板材厚度(du)偏差(cha)和刨花(hua)之間膠料轉移程度(du)。按(an)照產品不同(tong)密度(du)要(yao)求，熱壓(ya)壓(ya)力一般1.2～1.4兆帕。

③適(shi)當的溫(wen)度。溫(wen)度過高不僅會使脲醛樹(shu)脂(zhi)分解，也會造成升溫(wen)時板坯局部(bu)提(ti)前(qian)固(gu)化而產生廢品。

④適(shi)當的加壓時間。時間過短，則中層樹(shu)脂(zhi)不能充分固化，成品(pin)在厚度方向的彈性(xing)恢(hui)復加大，平面抗拉強度顯著降(jiang)低。熱(re)壓后(hou)的刨花(hua)板應經一(yi)段時期的調濕處理使其含(han)水率達平衡(heng)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，然(ran)后(hou)鋸裁(cai)砂光，檢驗(yan)包裝(zhuang)。但卸壓后(hou)不能熱(re)態(tai)堆疊(die)，否則將增加板材脆性(xing)。

模壓(ya)(ya)技術(shu)(shu)系指(zhi)一次操作即(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)產品(pin)的(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)。成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)(de)工藝有(you)3種。熱(re)模法(fa)(fa)可以少用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)料(liao)(liao)或(huo)不用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)料(liao)(liao),靠木質素在(zai)封閉熱(re)模中(zhong)活化流動而起(qi)膠(jiao)合作用(yong)(yong)(yong),但需冷卻脫模，熱(re)量消耗大，生產率低，已逐(zhu)漸淘汰。箱體成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)(fa)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)特殊壓(ya)(ya)機加壓(ya)(ya)，一次加壓(ya)(ya)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)產品(pin),用(yong)(yong)(yong)于制(zhi)造包(bao)裝箱。熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)(fa)主(zhu)要(yao)制(zhi)造家具配(pei)件(jian)、室內裝修配(pei)件(jian)及托板等產品(pin)，膠(jiao)粘劑以脲醛樹脂為主(zhu)，制(zhi)品(pin)表(biao)面(mian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)單(dan)板或(huo)樹脂浸漬紙(zhi)復貼，一次成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)。此(ci)外(wai)，還(huan)有(you)在(zai)已制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)刨花板表(biao)面(mian)，或(huo)未經(jing)熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)板坯上用(yong)(yong)(yong)模板加壓(ya)(ya)，以制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)浮雕圖案的(de)(de)平面(mian)模壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)等。

刨花板生產工藝流程

1、備(bei)料工(gong)段。普(pu)通刨花(hua)板生產線原料經(jing)削片(pian)、篩(shai)選后(hou)送(song)到木片(pian)料倉進(jin)行(xing)過渡儲存。木片(pian)經(jing)運輸(shu)機送(song)到刨片(pian)機中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)刨花(hua)制備(bei)，制備(bei)后(hou)的刨花(hua)經(jing)運輸(shu)機送(song)到濕刨花(hua)料倉中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)過渡儲存。

2、干燥(zao)分(fen)選打(da)磨工段。濕刨花(hua)經(jing)(jing)運(yun)輸機(ji)送(song)到轉子式刨花(hua)干燥(zao)機(ji)進行干燥(zao)，經(jing)(jing)過干燥(zao)的(de)刨花(hua)通過刨花(hua)分(fen)選(篩選)合格的(de)芯層(ceng)干刨花(hua)經(jing)(jing)運(yun)輸機(ji)被送(song)往芯層(ceng)干刨花(hua)料(liao)倉(cang)過渡(du)儲存(cun)。過大(da)的(de)刨花(hua)經(jing)(jing)打(da)磨機(ji)打(da)磨后被送(song)往表層(ceng)干刨花(hua)料(liao)倉(cang)過渡(du)儲存(cun)。

3、調(diao)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)施(shi)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)工段。合格的表芯層干刨花(hua)經運輸機(ji)、刨花(hua)計(ji)量料倉分別計(ji)量后送到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機(ji)中，同時調(diao)供膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)工段將工藝所要求的膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)液送到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機(ji)中，刨花(hua)和膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)液在表芯層拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機(ji)的充(chong)分攪拌(ban)下，達到(dao)均(jun)勻(yun)混合充(chong)分施(shi)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的效果。

4、鋪裝熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)成型(xing)工段(年產3萬以上生產線)。施膠后的(de)刨花經皮(pi)帶(dai)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)送至(zhi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械分級(ji)鋪裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)，由(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械分級(ji)鋪裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)組鋪裝出均勻平(ping)整的(de)板(ban)坯(pi)。板(ban)坯(pi)經永磁除鐵(tie)器、預壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、縱向鋸邊機(ji)(ji)(ji)、橫截鋸、加速(su)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)、稱(cheng)重運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)儲存(cun)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)、裝板(ban)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)等工序送到(dao)裝板(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)吊籠中，由(you)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)吊籠將板(ban)坯(pi)送到(dao)多(duo)層熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中進行熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)成型(xing)，經多(duo)層熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)成型(xing)的(de)毛板(ban)同(tong)時由(you)裝板(ban)小車托盤推到(dao)卸板(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中。

5、后處理工段。停留在卸板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的毛板(ban)(ban)(ban)經(jing)卸板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)送(song)至冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)進(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)，由冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)進(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)送(song)到涼板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)進(jin)(jin)行冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)。在涼板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)停留(冷(leng)(leng)卻(que))后的毛板(ban)(ban)(ban)由冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)出板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)送(song)到縱橫栽邊(bian)截斷機(ji)(ji)進(jin)(jin)行裁邊(bian)分割(ge)，最后經(jing)干板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)(yun)至升(sheng)降臺(tai)堆(dui)垛。

6、砂(sha)光工段。經(jing)冷卻堆垛的刨花板(ban)被送到砂(sha)光生產線進行砂(sha)光、分檢、入(ru)庫(ku)。