【刨花(hua)板工藝】刨花(hua)板的生(sheng)產(chan)工藝 刨花(hua)板生(sheng)產(chan)工藝流程
刨花板生產工藝
熱壓(ya)是刨花板生產一個關鍵性工序,所起(qi)作用是使板坯(pi)(pi)中膠料固(gu)化,并(bing)將松散(san)的(de)板坯(pi)(pi)經(jing)加壓(ya)后固(gu)結成規定厚度的(de)板材(cai)。其工藝要求為:
①適(shi)當(dang)(dang)的含(han)水(shui)率(lv)。表層(ceng)含(han)水(shui)率(lv)為(wei)18~20%時(shi)(shi)有利于抗彎強度(du)、抗拉強度(du)和表面光潔(jie)度(du)的提高,減少卸(xie)壓時(shi)(shi)板坯鼓(gu)泡(pao)分層(ceng)的可能。芯層(ceng)含(han)水(shui)率(lv)應(ying)適(shi)當(dang)(dang)低于表層(ceng),以保持適(shi)當(dang)(dang)的平(ping)面抗拉強度(du)。
②適當的熱壓壓力。壓力能影響刨花之間接觸面積、板材厚度偏(pian)差和刨(bao)花之(zhi)間膠料轉移程度。按照產品不同密(mi)度要求,熱壓壓力一般1.2~1.4兆帕。
③適當的溫(wen)度(du)。溫(wen)度(du)過高不僅會(hui)(hui)使脲醛樹(shu)脂分解,也會(hui)(hui)造(zao)成升溫(wen)時(shi)板坯局(ju)部提前(qian)固化而(er)產生廢品。
④適當的(de)加壓(ya)時間(jian)。時間(jian)過短(duan),則(ze)中(zhong)層樹脂不能充分固化,成品在(zai)厚度方向的(de)彈性恢復加大,平(ping)面(mian)抗(kang)拉強度顯著降低。熱(re)壓(ya)后(hou)(hou)的(de)刨花板(ban)應(ying)經(jing)一段時期的(de)調濕處理使其含(han)水率達平(ping)衡狀態,然后(hou)(hou)鋸裁砂光,檢驗包裝(zhuang)。但卸(xie)壓(ya)后(hou)(hou)不能熱(re)態堆疊,否則(ze)將增加板(ban)材(cai)脆性。
模(mo)壓(ya)(ya)技術系指一(yi)次(ci)(ci)操作即(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)品(pin)的技術。成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)的工藝(yi)有(you)3種。熱模(mo)法(fa)(fa)可以(yi)少(shao)用膠(jiao)料(liao)(liao)或不用膠(jiao)料(liao)(liao),靠木質素在封(feng)閉熱模(mo)中(zhong)活化流動而(er)起膠(jiao)合(he)作用,但(dan)需(xu)冷卻脫(tuo)模(mo),熱量消耗大,生產(chan)率低,已逐(zhu)漸淘汰。箱(xiang)體成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)法(fa)(fa)是用特殊壓(ya)(ya)機加壓(ya)(ya),一(yi)次(ci)(ci)加壓(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)品(pin),用于制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造包裝箱(xiang)。熱壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)法(fa)(fa)主(zhu)要制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造家具(ju)配件(jian)、室內裝修配件(jian)及(ji)托板(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)產(chan)品(pin),膠(jiao)粘(zhan)劑以(yi)脲醛樹脂(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu),制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)表(biao)面(mian)用單板(ban)(ban)(ban)或樹脂(zhi)浸漬紙復貼,一(yi)次(ci)(ci)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)。此外,還有(you)在已制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)的刨花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)面(mian),或未經熱壓(ya)(ya)的成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)坯上用模(mo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)加壓(ya)(ya),以(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)浮雕(diao)圖案的平面(mian)模(mo)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)等(deng)。
刨花板生產工藝流程
1、備料(liao)工段。普(pu)通(tong)刨(bao)(bao)花板生產線原料(liao)經削片(pian)(pian)、篩選后送(song)到木片(pian)(pian)料(liao)倉進行過渡(du)儲存。木片(pian)(pian)經運輸機(ji)送(song)到刨(bao)(bao)片(pian)(pian)機(ji)中進行刨(bao)(bao)花制備,制備后的(de)刨(bao)(bao)花經運輸機(ji)送(song)到濕刨(bao)(bao)花料(liao)倉中進行過渡(du)儲存。
2、干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)分選(xuan)打(da)磨(mo)工段(duan)。濕刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)經運輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)送到(dao)轉子式刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)進行干(gan)燥(zao)(zao),經過干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)通(tong)過刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)分選(xuan)(篩選(xuan))合格(ge)的(de)(de)芯層干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)經運輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)被送往芯層干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)料倉過渡儲(chu)存。過大的(de)(de)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)經打(da)磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)打(da)磨(mo)后(hou)被送往表層干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)料倉過渡儲(chu)存。
3、調(diao)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)施膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)工(gong)(gong)段(duan)。合(he)格的(de)表(biao)芯層干刨花(hua)(hua)經運輸機、刨花(hua)(hua)計量料倉(cang)分別計量后送(song)到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機中,同(tong)時調(diao)供膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)工(gong)(gong)段(duan)將工(gong)(gong)藝所(suo)要(yao)求的(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)液送(song)到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機中,刨花(hua)(hua)和膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)液在表(biao)芯層拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機的(de)充分攪拌(ban)下,達到(dao)均勻(yun)混(hun)合(he)充分施膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)效果。
4、鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)熱壓成(cheng)型(xing)工(gong)段(年產3萬以上生(sheng)產線)。施膠(jiao)后的刨花經皮帶運輸機(ji)(ji)送(song)至機(ji)(ji)械分級鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji),由(you)機(ji)(ji)械分級鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)組鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)出(chu)均勻平(ping)整的板坯。板坯經永磁除鐵器、預(yu)壓機(ji)(ji)、縱向鋸邊機(ji)(ji)、橫截(jie)鋸、加速(su)運輸機(ji)(ji)、稱(cheng)重運輸機(ji)(ji)和(he)儲存運輸機(ji)(ji)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)板運輸機(ji)(ji)等(deng)工(gong)序送(song)到(dao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)板機(ji)(ji)的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)吊(diao)籠中(zhong),由(you)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)吊(diao)籠將板坯送(song)到(dao)多層(ceng)熱壓機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)進行熱壓成(cheng)型(xing),經多層(ceng)熱壓機(ji)(ji)熱壓成(cheng)型(xing)的毛板同時由(you)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)板小(xiao)車托(tuo)盤推到(dao)卸板機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)。
5、后(hou)(hou)處理工段。停留(liu)在卸(xie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)的毛板(ban)(ban)(ban)經卸(xie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)送至冷(leng)卻(que)進板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji),由(you)冷(leng)卻(que)進板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)送到涼板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)進行冷(leng)卻(que)。在涼板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)停留(liu)(冷(leng)卻(que))后(hou)(hou)的毛板(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)冷(leng)卻(que)出(chu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)送到縱(zong)橫(heng)栽邊截斷機(ji)(ji)(ji)進行裁邊分割,最后(hou)(hou)經干(gan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)運(yun)至升降臺(tai)堆垛。
6、砂光(guang)(guang)工段。經(jing)冷卻堆垛的刨(bao)花板被(bei)送到砂光(guang)(guang)生產線(xian)進行砂光(guang)(guang)、分檢(jian)、入(ru)庫。