【刨花板工藝】刨花板的生產工藝 刨花板生產工藝流程

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刨花板生產工藝

熱壓(ya)是刨花板生產一個關鍵性(xing)工(gong)序，所起作用是使板坯中膠料固化，并將松散的(de)板坯經加壓(ya)后固結成(cheng)規定(ding)厚度的(de)板材。其工(gong)藝要求為：

①適(shi)當的(de)含水(shui)率。表層(ceng)含水(shui)率為18～20％時有利于抗彎強度、抗拉(la)強度和表面光潔(jie)度的(de)提(ti)高，減少卸壓時板(ban)坯鼓(gu)泡分層(ceng)的(de)可(ke)能。芯層(ceng)含水(shui)率應適(shi)當低于表層(ceng)，以保持適(shi)當的(de)平面抗拉(la)強度。

②適當的熱壓壓力。壓力能影響刨花之間接觸面積、板材厚度偏差和刨花之間膠料轉(zhuan)移程(cheng)度。按照(zhao)產(chan)品不同密度要求，熱壓壓力一(yi)般1.2～1.4兆帕。

③適(shi)當的溫(wen)度。溫(wen)度過高不僅會使(shi)脲醛(quan)樹(shu)脂分解，也會造成升(sheng)溫(wen)時板坯局部提前固化(hua)而產生廢品。

④適當的(de)(de)加壓(ya)(ya)時間。時間過短，則(ze)中層樹脂不能充分固化(hua)，成品在厚(hou)度方向的(de)(de)彈性恢復(fu)加大，平面抗拉強度顯著降低(di)。熱(re)壓(ya)(ya)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)刨花板應經(jing)一段時期的(de)(de)調濕(shi)處理使其含(han)水(shui)率達平衡狀態(tai)，然后(hou)(hou)鋸(ju)裁砂光，檢驗包裝。但(dan)卸壓(ya)(ya)后(hou)(hou)不能熱(re)態(tai)堆疊，否則(ze)將(jiang)增加板材脆性。

模壓(ya)技(ji)術系指一次(ci)操作即(ji)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)品的技(ji)術。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟的工(gong)藝有3種(zhong)。熱(re)模法(fa)可以少(shao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)料(liao)(liao)或不用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)料(liao)(liao),靠(kao)木(mu)質素在(zai)封閉熱(re)模中活(huo)化流動而起膠(jiao)合作用(yong)(yong)(yong),但(dan)需冷卻脫模，熱(re)量(liang)消耗(hao)大(da)，生產(chan)率低(di)，已(yi)逐(zhu)漸淘(tao)汰。箱體成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)特殊壓(ya)機加壓(ya)，一次(ci)加壓(ya)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)品,用(yong)(yong)(yong)于制(zhi)造包裝箱。熱(re)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)主(zhu)要制(zhi)造家(jia)具配件(jian)、室(shi)內裝修配件(jian)及托(tuo)板(ban)(ban)等(deng)產(chan)品，膠(jiao)粘劑以脲醛樹脂(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)，制(zhi)品表面用(yong)(yong)(yong)單板(ban)(ban)或樹脂(zhi)浸漬紙復貼，一次(ci)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)。此外，還有在(zai)已(yi)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的刨花板(ban)(ban)表面，或未經(jing)熱(re)壓(ya)的成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)板(ban)(ban)坯上用(yong)(yong)(yong)模板(ban)(ban)加壓(ya)，以制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浮雕(diao)圖案的平面模壓(ya)法(fa)等(deng)。

刨花板生產工藝流程

1、備料工段。普通刨花(hua)板生產線原料經削片、篩(shai)選后(hou)送到(dao)木片料倉進(jin)行過(guo)渡儲存。木片經運輸(shu)機(ji)送到(dao)刨片機(ji)中進(jin)行刨花(hua)制(zhi)備，制(zhi)備后(hou)的刨花(hua)經運輸(shu)機(ji)送到(dao)濕刨花(hua)料倉中進(jin)行過(guo)渡儲存。

2、干(gan)燥分(fen)選(xuan)打(da)磨(mo)工段(duan)。濕(shi)刨(bao)花(hua)經運(yun)輸機送到轉子(zi)式(shi)刨(bao)花(hua)干(gan)燥機進行干(gan)燥，經過(guo)干(gan)燥的(de)刨(bao)花(hua)通過(guo)刨(bao)花(hua)分(fen)選(xuan)(篩選(xuan))合格(ge)的(de)芯(xin)層干(gan)刨(bao)花(hua)經運(yun)輸機被(bei)送往芯(xin)層干(gan)刨(bao)花(hua)料倉(cang)過(guo)渡儲存(cun)(cun)。過(guo)大的(de)刨(bao)花(hua)經打(da)磨(mo)機打(da)磨(mo)后被(bei)送往表層干(gan)刨(bao)花(hua)料倉(cang)過(guo)渡儲存(cun)(cun)。

3、調膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)施(shi)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)工(gong)(gong)段(duan)(duan)。合(he)格的(de)(de)表芯層干(gan)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花經運輸機、刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花計(ji)量料倉分別(bie)計(ji)量后送(song)到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機中，同時調供膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)工(gong)(gong)段(duan)(duan)將工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)所(suo)要求的(de)(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)液送(song)到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機中，刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花和(he)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)液在表芯層拌(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)機的(de)(de)充分攪拌(ban)下，達到(dao)均勻(yun)混合(he)充分施(shi)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)效果。

4、鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)熱(re)壓成(cheng)型工(gong)段(年產3萬以(yi)上生產線(xian))。施膠后的(de)刨花經(jing)皮(pi)帶(dai)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)送(song)(song)至(zhi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械分級(ji)鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，由(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械分級(ji)鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)出均勻平整的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)坯。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)坯經(jing)永磁除鐵器、預壓機(ji)(ji)(ji)、縱向鋸邊機(ji)(ji)(ji)、橫截(jie)鋸、加(jia)速運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)、稱重運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)和儲存(cun)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)輸機(ji)(ji)(ji)等工(gong)序(xu)送(song)(song)到(dao)(dao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)吊籠中(zhong)，由(you)(you)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)吊籠將板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)坯送(song)(song)到(dao)(dao)多層熱(re)壓機(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)進行熱(re)壓成(cheng)型，經(jing)多層熱(re)壓機(ji)(ji)(ji)熱(re)壓成(cheng)型的(de)毛板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)同(tong)時由(you)(you)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)小車(che)托盤推到(dao)(dao)卸板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)。

5、后處(chu)理工段。停(ting)留在卸板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)中的毛(mao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)經卸板(ban)(ban)(ban)運輸機(ji)送(song)至冷卻(que)(que)進板(ban)(ban)(ban)運輸機(ji)，由(you)冷卻(que)(que)進板(ban)(ban)(ban)運輸機(ji)送(song)到(dao)涼(liang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)中進行冷卻(que)(que)。在涼(liang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)中停(ting)留(冷卻(que)(que))后的毛(mao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)冷卻(que)(que)出(chu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)運輸機(ji)送(song)到(dao)縱橫(heng)栽(zai)邊(bian)(bian)截斷機(ji)進行裁邊(bian)(bian)分(fen)割(ge)，最后經干板(ban)(ban)(ban)運輸機(ji)運至升(sheng)降臺堆(dui)垛。

6、砂(sha)光工段。經冷卻堆垛的刨花(hua)板被(bei)送到砂(sha)光生產線進行(xing)砂(sha)光、分檢、入庫。