東莞市截至2012年5月1日,東(dong)莞市轄32個鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(街(jie)(jie)道(dao)),其中(zhong)包括4個街(jie)(jie)道(dao)(莞城街(jie)(jie)道(dao)、南(nan)城街(jie)(jie)道(dao)、東(dong)城街(jie)(jie)道(dao)、萬(wan)江街(jie)(jie)道(dao));28個鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(石龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石排鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、茶山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、企石鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橋頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、東(dong)坑鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫瀝鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、常平鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),虎門鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、長安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、沙田鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、厚街(jie)(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),寮(liao)步鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大嶺(ling)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大朗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、黃江鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),樟木頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、謝崗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、塘廈(sha)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、清溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鳳崗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),麻涌(yong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)堂鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、高埗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石碣(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、望牛墩(dun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洪梅鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、道(dao)滘鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen))。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)位于(yu)(yu)廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)省中(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu),珠江(jiang)口東(dong)(dong)(dong)岸,東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)下(xia)游的(de)珠江(jiang)三角洲。因地(di)處廣州(zhou)之東(dong)(dong)(dong),境內盛(sheng)產莞(guan)草而得名(ming)。介于(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)經(jing)113°31′—114°15′,北(bei)(bei)緯22°39′—23°09′。最東(dong)(dong)(dong)是(shi)清(qing)溪鎮的(de)銀(yin)瓶嘴山,與(yu)(yu)惠州(zhou)市(shi)惠陽區(qu)(qu)接(jie)壤(rang);最北(bei)(bei)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)堂鎮大坦鄉,與(yu)(yu)廣州(zhou)市(shi)區(qu)(qu)和(he)增城區(qu)(qu)、惠州(zhou)市(shi)博(bo)羅(luo)縣隔江(jiang)為(wei)鄰;最西(xi)是(shi)沙田鎮西(xi)大坦西(xi)北(bei)(bei)的(de)獅子洋中(zhong)(zhong)心航線,與(yu)(yu)廣州(zhou)市(shi)番禺區(qu)(qu)隔海交界;最南(nan)(nan)是(shi)鳳(feng)崗鎮雁田水庫,與(yu)(yu)深圳(zhen)市(shi)寶安區(qu)(qu)相連。毗鄰港澳,處于(yu)(yu)廣州(zhou)至深圳(zhen)經(jing)濟走廊中(zhong)(zhong)間。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)距(ju)廣州(zhou)59公里,東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)距(ju)深圳(zhen)99公里,距(ju)香港140公里。東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)長70.45公里,南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)46.8公里,全市(shi)陸地(di)面積2460平方(fang)公里,海域面積97平方(fang)公里。
東(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質構(gou)造上位于北(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)向羅浮(fu)山斷(duan)裂(lie)帶南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)邊緣的(de)北(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)向博羅大(da)斷(duan)裂(lie)南(nan)(nan)西部(bu)(bu)(bu)、東(dong)(dong)莞斷(duan)凹盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)中。地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)高、西北(bei)(bei)低(di)(di)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌以(yi)丘(qiu)陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)、沖(chong)(chong)積(ji)(ji)平原為(wei)主,丘(qiu)陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)占44.5%,沖(chong)(chong)積(ji)(ji)平原占43.3%,山地(di)(di)(di)(di)占6.2%。東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)多山,尤以(yi)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)最(zui),山體龐大(da),分割強(qiang)烈,集中成(cheng)片(pian),起伏(fu)較大(da),海(hai)拔多在200—600米,坡度30°左右,銀瓶嘴山主峰高898.2米,是東(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)最(zui)高山峰;中南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)低(di)(di)山丘(qiu)陵成(cheng)片(pian),為(wei)丘(qiu)陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu);東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)接近東(dong)(dong)江河濱,崗地(di)(di)(di)(di)發(fa)育,陸地(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)河谷平原分布其中,海(hai)拔30—80米之間,坡度小,地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)起伏(fu)和(he)緩,為(wei)易于積(ji)(ji)水的(de)埔(pu)田(tian)(tian)區(qu);西北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是東(dong)(dong)江沖(chong)(chong)積(ji)(ji)而成(cheng)的(de)三角洲平原,是地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)低(di)(di)平、水網縱橫的(de)圍田(tian)(tian)區(qu);西南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是瀕臨(lin)珠江口的(de)江河沖(chong)(chong)積(ji)(ji)平原,地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平坦而低(di)(di)陷,是受(shou)潮汐影響較大(da)的(de)沙(sha)咸田(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)。東(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)握東(dong)(dong)江和(he)廣(guang)州(zhou)水道出海(hai)之咽喉,有(you)海(hai)岸線115.94公(gong)(gong)里(li)(含內航(hang)道),主航(hang)道岸線53公(gong)(gong)里(li),擁有(you)深水良(liang)港——虎門港。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)主要河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、石馬河(he)(he)、寒(han)溪水。境(jing)內96%屬東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域,東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)自(zi)(zi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)角(jiao)(jiao)惠州(zhou)市(shi)博羅縣、惠陽(yang)區(qu)之間(jian)入(ru)境(jing)后,沿北(bei)部邊(bian)境(jing)自(zi)(zi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)向西(xi)行至(zhi)橋頭新開河(he)(he)口;有發(fa)源(yuan)于深圳市(shi)寶安區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)石馬河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru),至(zhi)企石有企石河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)。至(zhi)石龍分出南(nan)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)后,北(bei)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)續流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)至(zhi)石灘,與來自(zi)(zi)廣州(zhou)市(shi)增城區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu),經市(shi)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)大盛(sheng)注入(ru)獅子洋;南(nan)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)斜向西(xi)南(nan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經石碣、萬江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),在峽(xia)口接納來自(zi)(zi)市(shi)境(jing)中部的(de)(de)(de)寒(han)溪水,峽(xia)口以下有3支(zhi)較小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)牛(niu)山水、蛤地水和小(xiao)沙河(he)(he),自(zi)(zi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)向西(xi)匯入(ru),續流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)至(zhi)泗盛(sheng)注入(ru)獅子洋。北(bei)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與南(nan)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之間(jian)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)洲的(de)(de)(de)河(he)(he)網(wang)區(qu)。
東莞市海(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)面積為97平方公(gong)里,主要(yao)分布(bu)在獅(shi)子洋和伶仃(ding)洋。大(da)陸海(hai)(hai)(hai)岸線(xian)(xian)長97.2公(gong)里,屬(shu)(shu)南亞熱帶淺海(hai)(hai)(hai)區,擁(yong)有(you)海(hai)(hai)(hai)岸線(xian)(xian)的(de)有(you)長安、虎門(men)、沙(sha)田、厚街(jie)、麻(ma)(ma)涌、洪梅和道滘等(deng)7個鎮(zhen)。全市擁(yong)有(you)威遠島(dao)(dao)、泥(ni)洲島(dao)(dao)、木棉山島(dao)(dao)、涌口(kou)沙(sha)、蝦繒(zeng)排(pai)5個海(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)(dao),海(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)(dao)岸線(xian)(xian)長34.58公(gong)里,海(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)(dao)面積24.13平方公(gong)里。沿(yan)海(hai)(hai)(hai)灘涂負(fu)(fu)1米以內(nei)(nei)潮間(jian)帶2057公(gong)頃,負(fu)(fu)3.5米以內(nei)(nei)潮間(jian)帶3697公(gong)頃。東莞海(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)約(yue)90多種,貝類(lei)(lei)18種,甲(jia)(jia)殼類(lei)(lei)21種。浮游(you)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)硅藻、甲(jia)(jia)藻、藍藻等(deng)3門(men),共(gong)247種,其中硅藻占優勢(shi)。平均生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數8.32萬個/升、生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量0.17毫克(ke)/升。浮游(you)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)10個種群(qun)29屬(shu)(shu)約(yue)63種,生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量變幅在0.20—0.24毫克(ke)/升間(jian),平均0.22毫克(ke)/升。海(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)潮間(jian)帶底棲動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)環節動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、軟體動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、甲(jia)(jia)殼動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)等(deng)四(si)大(da)類(lei)(lei)32種。東莞市港(gang)(gang)口(kou)資源(yuan)豐富(fu),獅(shi)子洋、伶仃(ding)洋的(de)深(shen)(shen)槽(cao)緊靠東莞市的(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)岸線(xian)(xian),麻(ma)(ma)涌鎮(zhen)的(de)新沙(sha),沙(sha)田鎮(zhen)的(de)立沙(sha)、泥(ni)洲島(dao)(dao)、西(xi)大(da)坦,虎門(men)鎮(zhen)的(de)威遠島(dao)(dao)、沙(sha)角等(deng)擁(yong)有(you)深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)岸線(xian)(xian)和深(shen)(shen)槽(cao)通過的(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu),是建設深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)港(gang)(gang)區的(de)優良港(gang)(gang)址,而且深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)岸線(xian)(xian)內(nei)(nei)側的(de)陸域(yu)(yu)(yu)土(tu)地(di)多平坦寬廣(guang),又處在東江入(ru)海(hai)(hai)(hai)河口(kou)區,淡水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)條(tiao)件好,陸域(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)、土(tu)資源(yuan)組合優勢(shi)明顯。截至2014年,海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋環境(jing)質量總(zong)體保持穩定,局部有(you)所改(gai)善,全海(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)(shui)依然劣(lie)于海(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質四(si)類(lei)(lei)標準(zhun),屬(shu)(shu)于嚴(yan)重污染海(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)。(市海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋與(yu)漁業局)
東莞(guan)(guan)市在歷史上是森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)茂密的地(di)區,地(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)植被(bei)類型(xing)為(wei)(wei)南亞季風(feng)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),組成種(zhong)類多(duo)樣而富(fu)于熱帶(dai)性(xing)(xing),由于人口(kou)激增,歷代砍伐,使原生(sheng)性(xing)(xing)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)大幅(fu)減(jian)少(shao),主(zhu)要由殼斗科、樟(zhang)(zhang)科、山(shan)(shan)茶科、大戟科、桃(tao)金(jin)娘科、杜英科、山(shan)(shan)礬科、梧桐科等(deng)(deng)種(zhong)類組成,其(qi)中大多(duo)數是熱帶(dai)亞熱帶(dai)分(fen)布種(zhong),較(jiao)常(chang)見(jian)(jian)的有樟(zhang)(zhang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、陰香、鐵(tie)冬青、華(hua)潤(run)楠、浙江潤(run)楠、假柿(shi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、銀柴、土蜜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、鴨(ya)腳(jiao)木(mu)、蒲桃(tao)等(deng)(deng)。隨著東莞(guan)(guan)市實(shi)施(shi)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業生(sheng)態工程,森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)植被(bei)恢復成效顯著,據(ju)調查野生(sheng)植物(wu)1630種(zhong),野生(sheng)珍稀植物(wu)115種(zhong),生(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)位居全省前(qian)列。東莞(guan)(guan)市主(zhu)要植被(bei)分(fen)為(wei)(wei):針闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)下(xia)植被(bei)主(zhu)要有野漆、橢圓葉(xie)(xie)豺皮樟(zhang)(zhang)、三椏苦、山(shan)(shan)烏(wu)桕、鬼燈籠和烏(wu)毛蕨(jue)、芒(mang)箕等(deng)(deng);典型(xing)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),常(chang)見(jian)(jian)種(zhong)類紅花荷(he)、蕈樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、黃(huang)樟(zhang)(zhang)、黃(huang)杞、青岡櫟(li)、網脈山(shan)(shan)龍眼(yan)等(deng)(deng);季風(feng)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),常(chang)見(jian)(jian)種(zhong)類鴨(ya)腳(jiao)木(mu)、烏(wu)欖(lan)、樟(zhang)(zhang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)等(deng)(deng);常(chang)綠(lv)灌叢,常(chang)見(jian)(jian)種(zhong)類鴨(ya)腳(jiao)木(mu)、銀柴、鼠刺、豺皮樟(zhang)(zhang)、九(jiu)節(jie)、梅(mei)葉(xie)(xie)冬青、桃(tao)金(jin)娘等(deng)(deng)。其(qi)中山(shan)(shan)地(di)、丘陵及未(wei)經開墾的崗(gang)地(di)現狀(zhuang)植被(bei)以人工林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)和次生(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)群落(luo)占(zhan)優勢(shi),林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)下(xia)以灌木(mu)、蕨(jue)類植物(wu)或草本(ben)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),溝谷(gu)等(deng)(deng)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)陰濕的山(shan)(shan)地(di)多(duo)見(jian)(jian)攀纏植物(wu)。現狀(zhuang)植被(bei)反(fan)映出由熱帶(dai)向亞熱帶(dai)過渡而熱帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)強的特征,與南亞熱帶(dai)氣候特點相適應。(林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)業局)
東(dong)莞市屬(shu)于亞熱(re)帶季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候,長夏(xia)無冬,光(guang)照充(chong)足,熱(re)量(liang)豐富(fu),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)暖(nuan),溫(wen)度變(bian)幅小(xiao),雨(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛,干濕季(ji)明顯。2014年(nian),東(dong)莞市天氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候主(zhu)要特點是:年(nian)總降水量(liang)1935.6毫(hao)米(mi),比(bi)常(chang)年(nian)平(ping)均值(zhi)略(lve)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多5.7%;年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)22.9℃,比(bi)常(chang)年(nian)平(ping)均值(zhi)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)高0.3℃;年(nian)日(ri)(ri)照時(shi)數1958.8小(xiao)時(shi),比(bi)常(chang)年(nian)平(ping)均值(zhi)略(lve)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多3.7%。基(ji)本(ben)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特征屬(shu)正常(chang)年(nian)份。年(nian)內降水分布不均勻,偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多、偏(pian)(pian)(pian)少月(yue)份兩極(ji)化。3月(yue)30日(ri)(ri)開汛,比(bi)常(chang)年(nian)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)早;汛期(qi)總降水量(liang)1460.6毫(hao)米(mi),比(bi)常(chang)年(nian)平(ping)均值(zhi)略(lve)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)少3.3%,其中(zhong)前(qian)汛期(qi)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多12.6%,后汛期(qi)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)少22.6%。各月(yue)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)波動較大,夏(xia)秋氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)持續偏(pian)(pian)(pian)高。全年(nian)高溫(wen)(≥35℃)日(ri)(ri)數14天,為近10年(nian)來最多,低溫(wen)(≤5℃)日(ri)(ri)數3天。(氣(qi)(qi)(qi)象局(ju))
東(dong)莞市內已知礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)有(you)Ⅶ類19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)(chuang)點(dian)66處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。其中,金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)Ⅲ類8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)(chuang)點(dian)34處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):黑(hei)色金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)10處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)9處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu),鈦(tai)鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),有(you)色金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)23處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鉛鋅礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鎢礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)10處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、錫礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鈦(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),貴金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)黃(huang)金礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)化(hua)點(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。非(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)Ⅵ類11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)32處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):冶(ye)金輔助原料(liao)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)9處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(耐火黏土(tu)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、泥(ni)炭土(tu)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、石油1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),化(hua)工原料(liao)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)14處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(黃(huang)鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)6處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、重晶石礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)3處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鉀長(chang)石礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、石鹽礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),建材(cai)非(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)3處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(水泥(ni)灰巖2處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、水泥(ni)粘土(tu)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu))。主要分(fen)布在(zai)東(dong)莞中部(bu)、南部(bu)和(he)東(dong)部(bu)的山地、丘(qiu)陵地帶。礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)分(fen)布分(fen)散,無規律。
東(dong)莞市野生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)繁(fan)多(duo),主(zhu)要(yao)分布(bu)于山區(qu)和丘陵地(di)帶,體(ti)型較大的野獸多(duo)棲(qi)息在東(dong)南山區(qu),一般獸類(lei)出沒于平(ping)川、丘陵。主(zhu)要(yao)野生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)有:哺乳類(lei)、鳥類(lei)、魚類(lei)(134種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))、甲殼類(lei)和多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)貝類(lei)、兩棲(qi)、爬(pa)行類(lei)、昆蟲類(lei)等(deng)。主(zhu)要(yao)野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有:維管束植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)1630種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)210科(ke)(ke),805屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),其中(zhong)(zhong)蕨類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)125種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),37科(ke)(ke),66屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),5科(ke)(ke),5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu);被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)1498種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),168科(ke)(ke),734屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(其中(zhong)(zhong)雙子葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)143科(ke)(ke),556屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),1135種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);單子葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)25科(ke)(ke),178屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),363種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。內陸水域中(zhong)(zhong)常見浮游(you)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)8門110屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。
東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)既有濱海秀(xiu)色、稻(dao)海蕉林、荔(li)紅荷(he)香、旗峰勝跡等(deng)(deng)自然風景(jing)(jing)(jing),又有豐(feng)富的人(ren)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀,是廣東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)歷史文(wen)(wen)化名城(cheng)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)近代(dai)史開(kai)篇(pian)地、東(dong)(dong)江人(ren)民抗(kang)日(ri)根據地、改革開(kai)放的先行地。2004年(nian),東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)評(ping)(ping)出新(xin)“八(ba)景(jing)(jing)(jing)”:“松湖煙雨”(松山(shan)(shan)湖高(gao)新(xin)技術(shu)產業開(kai)發區(qu))、“大道(dao)朝(chao)暉(hui)(hui)”(東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)大道(dao))、“廣場(chang)挹萃”(市(shi)(shi)中(zhong)心廣場(chang))、“古塞飛虹”(虎(hu)門(men)大橋)、“虎(hu)英(ying)疊(die)翠(cui)”(虎(hu)英(ying)郊野公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)御(yu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)灣周邊景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀)、“板嶺凝芳”(綠色世界(jie)、水(shui)濂山(shan)(shan)森林公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)周邊景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀)、“蓮峰賞鷺”(長安(an)蓮花山(shan)(shan)風景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu))、“金沙漾月”(石龍金沙灣)。同(tong)年(nian)東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)獲(huo)(huo)評(ping)(ping)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)優(you)秀(xiu)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”。2011年(nian)4月,又被亞太(tai)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)聯合會(hui)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)度假(jia)聯盟組織與(yu)中(zhong)華生態旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)促(cu)進(jin)會(hui)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)民對外友好協會(hui)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)友好城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)聯合會(hui)授予“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)具(ju)投資價值旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”稱號(hao);同(tong)年(nian)11月,又獲(huo)(huo)評(ping)(ping)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)十大特色休閑城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”稱號(hao)。截至(zhi)2014年(nian),東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)境內(nei)有鴉片(pian)(pian)戰爭博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(威遠炮(pao)臺(tai)、沙角(jiao)炮(pao)臺(tai)、海戰博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan))、廣東(dong)(dong)觀音山(shan)(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家森林公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、松山(shan)(shan)湖景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)、新(xin)華南MALL·歡笑(xiao)天地、東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)科學(xue)技術(shu)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)、龍鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)莊影視旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)區(qu)、粵暉(hui)(hui)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、香市(shi)(shi)動物(wu)(wu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)(deng)8個國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級AAAA旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu),有林則(ze)徐銷煙池與(yu)虎(hu)門(men)炮(pao)臺(tai)舊址、東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)可園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)(deng)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)重點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei),有鴉片(pian)(pian)戰爭博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)、可園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)等(deng)(deng)愛國(guo)(guo)(guo)主義教育(yu)基地,有村頭村遺址、金鰲(ao)洲塔等(deng)(deng)廣東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。
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