東莞市截(jie)至2012年5月1日,東(dong)莞市轄32個(ge)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(街(jie)道(dao)(dao)),其中包(bao)括4個(ge)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)(莞城街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、南(nan)城街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、東(dong)城街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、萬江(jiang)街(jie)道(dao)(dao));28個(ge)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(石龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石排(pai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、茶山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、企(qi)石鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橋頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、東(dong)坑鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫(heng)瀝鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、常平鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),虎(hu)門鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、長(chang)安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、沙田鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、厚街(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),寮步(bu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大嶺山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大朗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、黃江(jiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),樟木頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、謝崗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、塘廈鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、清溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鳳(feng)崗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),麻涌鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中堂鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、高埗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石碣(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、望牛(niu)墩(dun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洪梅鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、道(dao)(dao)滘鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen))。
東(dong)莞市位于廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)省中(zhong)南部,珠江口東(dong)岸,東(dong)江下(xia)游的珠江三角洲。因地處廣(guang)(guang)州之東(dong),境內盛(sheng)產莞草而得名。介于東(dong)經113°31′—114°15′,北(bei)緯22°39′—23°09′。最(zui)東(dong)是(shi)清(qing)溪鎮(zhen)的銀瓶(ping)嘴山,與惠(hui)州市惠(hui)陽區(qu)(qu)(qu)接(jie)壤(rang);最(zui)北(bei)是(shi)中(zhong)堂(tang)鎮(zhen)大坦鄉(xiang),與廣(guang)(guang)州市區(qu)(qu)(qu)和增城區(qu)(qu)(qu)、惠(hui)州市博羅(luo)縣隔(ge)江為鄰(lin);最(zui)西(xi)是(shi)沙田鎮(zhen)西(xi)大坦西(xi)北(bei)的獅子洋中(zhong)心航線,與廣(guang)(guang)州市番禺區(qu)(qu)(qu)隔(ge)海交界;最(zui)南是(shi)鳳(feng)崗鎮(zhen)雁田水庫,與深圳市寶(bao)安區(qu)(qu)(qu)相連。毗鄰(lin)港(gang)澳,處于廣(guang)(guang)州至(zhi)深圳經濟走廊中(zhong)間。西(xi)北(bei)距廣(guang)(guang)州59公里(li)(li)(li),東(dong)南距深圳99公里(li)(li)(li),距香港(gang)140公里(li)(li)(li)。東(dong)西(xi)長70.45公里(li)(li)(li),南北(bei)寬46.8公里(li)(li)(li),全市陸(lu)地面積2460平方公里(li)(li)(li),海域(yu)面積97平方公里(li)(li)(li)。
東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市地(di)(di)質構(gou)造上位于北(bei)東(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)向羅(luo)浮山(shan)(shan)斷裂帶南(nan)(nan)部(bu)邊緣的(de)北(bei)東(dong)(dong)向博羅(luo)大斷裂南(nan)(nan)西部(bu)、東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)斷凹(ao)盆地(di)(di)中(zhong)。地(di)(di)勢(shi)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)高(gao)、西北(bei)低(di)。地(di)(di)貌以丘陵臺地(di)(di)、沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan)為主,丘陵臺地(di)(di)占44.5%,沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan)占43.3%,山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)占6.2%。東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)多山(shan)(shan),尤以東(dong)(dong)部(bu)為最(zui),山(shan)(shan)體龐(pang)大,分(fen)割強(qiang)烈,集中(zhong)成(cheng)片,起(qi)伏較大,海拔(ba)多在200—600米,坡度30°左右(you),銀瓶嘴山(shan)(shan)主峰高(gao)898.2米,是東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市最(zui)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)峰;中(zhong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵成(cheng)片,為丘陵臺地(di)(di)區(qu);東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部(bu)接近東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)河(he)濱,崗地(di)(di)發(fa)育,陸地(di)(di)和河(he)谷平(ping)原(yuan)分(fen)布其中(zhong),海拔(ba)30—80米之(zhi)間,坡度小(xiao),地(di)(di)勢(shi)起(qi)伏和緩,為易于積(ji)水(shui)的(de)埔(pu)田區(qu);西北(bei)部(bu)是東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)沖(chong)積(ji)而成(cheng)的(de)三(san)角洲平(ping)原(yuan),是地(di)(di)勢(shi)低(di)平(ping)、水(shui)網縱(zong)橫的(de)圍田區(qu);西南(nan)(nan)部(bu)是瀕(bin)臨(lin)珠江(jiang)口的(de)江(jiang)河(he)沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan),地(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦而低(di)陷,是受潮汐影響較大的(de)沙(sha)咸田地(di)(di)區(qu)。東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市握東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)和廣(guang)州水(shui)道出海之(zhi)咽喉,有(you)海岸線115.94公里(含內(nei)航道),主航道岸線53公里,擁有(you)深水(shui)良(liang)港——虎門港。
東(dong)莞市主(zhu)要(yao)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有東(dong)江(jiang)、石(shi)馬河(he)(he)、寒溪(xi)水(shui)。境內96%屬東(dong)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域,東(dong)江(jiang)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)自(zi)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)角惠(hui)州市博羅縣、惠(hui)陽區之間(jian)入(ru)境后,沿北(bei)(bei)部(bu)邊(bian)境自(zi)東(dong)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)行至(zhi)橋頭新(xin)開河(he)(he)口;有發源于深圳市寶(bao)安區的(de)石(shi)馬河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru),至(zhi)企(qi)石(shi)有企(qi)石(shi)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)。至(zhi)石(shi)龍分(fen)出南支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)后,北(bei)(bei)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)續(xu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)至(zhi)石(shi)灘,與(yu)來自(zi)廣(guang)州市增城(cheng)區的(de)支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)匯(hui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu),經市境的(de)大盛注(zhu)入(ru)獅子(zi)洋;南支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)斜(xie)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經石(shi)碣、萬江(jiang),在峽口接(jie)納來自(zi)市境中(zhong)部(bu)的(de)寒溪(xi)水(shui),峽口以(yi)下有3支較小的(de)支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)牛(niu)山水(shui)、蛤地(di)水(shui)和小沙河(he)(he),自(zi)東(dong)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)匯(hui)入(ru),續(xu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)至(zhi)泗盛注(zhu)入(ru)獅子(zi)洋。北(bei)(bei)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)與(yu)南支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)之間(jian)為東(dong)江(jiang)三(san)角洲的(de)河(he)(he)網(wang)區。
東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)海(hai)域面(mian)積為97平方公(gong)(gong)里(li),主要分(fen)布在獅(shi)子(zi)洋(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)(he)伶仃洋(yang)(yang)。大陸海(hai)岸(an)線(xian)(xian)長97.2公(gong)(gong)里(li),屬(shu)南亞熱(re)帶(dai)淺海(hai)區,擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)海(hai)岸(an)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)長安、虎門、沙(sha)(sha)田、厚(hou)街、麻(ma)涌(yong)、洪梅(mei)和(he)(he)(he)道滘等(deng)7個鎮(zhen)。全(quan)市(shi)擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)威遠島(dao)(dao)、泥洲(zhou)島(dao)(dao)、木棉山島(dao)(dao)、涌(yong)口(kou)沙(sha)(sha)、蝦繒排5個海(hai)島(dao)(dao),海(hai)島(dao)(dao)岸(an)線(xian)(xian)長34.58公(gong)(gong)里(li),海(hai)島(dao)(dao)面(mian)積24.13平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)。沿(yan)海(hai)灘(tan)涂負(fu)1米以內(nei)潮間(jian)帶(dai)2057公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),負(fu)3.5米以內(nei)潮間(jian)帶(dai)3697公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)海(hai)域有(you)(you)(you)(you)魚(yu)類(lei)約(yue)90多種(zhong)(zhong),貝類(lei)18種(zhong)(zhong),甲殼(ke)(ke)類(lei)21種(zhong)(zhong)。浮游(you)植物有(you)(you)(you)(you)硅(gui)藻(zao)、甲藻(zao)、藍藻(zao)等(deng)3門,共(gong)247種(zhong)(zhong),其中硅(gui)藻(zao)占優(you)(you)勢。平均(jun)生(sheng)物數(shu)8.32萬個/升(sheng)(sheng)、生(sheng)物量0.17毫克(ke)/升(sheng)(sheng)。浮游(you)動(dong)物有(you)(you)(you)(you)10個種(zhong)(zhong)群29屬(shu)約(yue)63種(zhong)(zhong),生(sheng)物量變(bian)幅在0.20—0.24毫克(ke)/升(sheng)(sheng)間(jian),平均(jun)0.22毫克(ke)/升(sheng)(sheng)。海(hai)域潮間(jian)帶(dai)底(di)棲動(dong)物有(you)(you)(you)(you)環(huan)節動(dong)物、軟體動(dong)物、甲殼(ke)(ke)動(dong)物和(he)(he)(he)魚(yu)類(lei)等(deng)四(si)(si)大類(lei)32種(zhong)(zhong)。東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)港(gang)口(kou)資源豐富,獅(shi)子(zi)洋(yang)(yang)、伶仃洋(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)深(shen)(shen)槽(cao)緊靠東(dong)(dong)莞(guan)市(shi)的(de)(de)海(hai)岸(an)線(xian)(xian),麻(ma)涌(yong)鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)新沙(sha)(sha),沙(sha)(sha)田鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)立沙(sha)(sha)、泥洲(zhou)島(dao)(dao)、西大坦(tan),虎門鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)威遠島(dao)(dao)、沙(sha)(sha)角等(deng)擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)岸(an)線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)深(shen)(shen)槽(cao)通(tong)過的(de)(de)海(hai)域,是建設深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)港(gang)區的(de)(de)優(you)(you)良港(gang)址,而且深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)岸(an)線(xian)(xian)內(nei)側的(de)(de)陸域土地多平坦(tan)寬廣,又處在東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)入海(hai)河口(kou)區,淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)資源條件好,陸域水(shui)(shui)、土資源組(zu)合優(you)(you)勢明顯。截(jie)至2014年,海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)環(huan)境質量總體保(bao)持穩定,局部(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)所改善,全(quan)海(hai)域海(hai)水(shui)(shui)依然劣于海(hai)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質四(si)(si)類(lei)標(biao)準,屬(shu)于嚴重(zhong)污染(ran)海(hai)域。(市(shi)海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)與漁業(ye)局)
東(dong)莞市在歷史上是森(sen)林(lin)(lin)茂密的(de)(de)地(di)區,地(di)帶(dai)(dai)性森(sen)林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被類(lei)型為(wei)南亞(ya)(ya)季風常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin),組成種(zhong)類(lei)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)(yang)而(er)富于熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)性,由于人口激(ji)增,歷代砍伐,使(shi)原生性森(sen)林(lin)(lin)大(da)幅減少(shao),主(zhu)要由殼斗(dou)科、樟科、山茶科、大(da)戟科、桃(tao)金(jin)娘科、杜英(ying)科、山礬科、梧桐科等(deng)(deng)種(zhong)類(lei)組成,其中大(da)多(duo)(duo)數是熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)分(fen)布種(zhong),較(jiao)常(chang)(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)有(you)樟樹(shu)、陰香、鐵冬青(qing)、華(hua)潤楠、浙江潤楠、假柿樹(shu)、銀柴(chai)、土蜜樹(shu)、鴨腳(jiao)(jiao)木、蒲桃(tao)等(deng)(deng)。隨著東(dong)莞市實施林(lin)(lin)業生態工程,森(sen)林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被恢復(fu)成效顯著,據調查野生植(zhi)物1630種(zhong),野生珍稀(xi)植(zhi)物115種(zhong),生物多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)(yang)性位居全省(sheng)前列。東(dong)莞市主(zhu)要植(zhi)被分(fen)為(wei):針(zhen)闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林(lin)(lin),林(lin)(lin)下植(zhi)被主(zhu)要有(you)野漆、橢圓葉(xie)豺皮樟、三椏苦、山烏桕(jiu)、鬼燈籠和烏毛(mao)蕨(jue)、芒箕等(deng)(deng);典型常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin),常(chang)(chang)見(jian)種(zhong)類(lei)紅(hong)花荷(he)、蕈樹(shu)、黃樟、黃杞、青(qing)岡櫟(li)、網脈(mo)山龍眼等(deng)(deng);季風常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin),常(chang)(chang)見(jian)種(zhong)類(lei)鴨腳(jiao)(jiao)木、烏欖、樟樹(shu)等(deng)(deng);常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)灌(guan)叢,常(chang)(chang)見(jian)種(zhong)類(lei)鴨腳(jiao)(jiao)木、銀柴(chai)、鼠刺、豺皮樟、九節(jie)、梅葉(xie)冬青(qing)、桃(tao)金(jin)娘等(deng)(deng)。其中山地(di)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)及未(wei)經開墾的(de)(de)崗(gang)地(di)現狀(zhuang)植(zhi)被以人工林(lin)(lin)和次生林(lin)(lin)群落占優勢,林(lin)(lin)下以灌(guan)木、蕨(jue)類(lei)植(zhi)物或草本(ben)為(wei)主(zhu),溝谷等(deng)(deng)較(jiao)為(wei)陰濕的(de)(de)山地(di)多(duo)(duo)見(jian)攀纏植(zhi)物。現狀(zhuang)植(zhi)被反映(ying)出由熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)向亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)過渡而(er)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)性較(jiao)強的(de)(de)特征,與(yu)南亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)氣候特點相適應。(林(lin)(lin)業局)
東莞市屬(shu)于亞熱帶(dai)季風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou),長夏無冬,光照(zhao)充足,熱量豐富(fu),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)溫(wen)(wen)暖,溫(wen)(wen)度變幅小(xiao)(xiao),雨(yu)量充沛,干濕(shi)季明顯。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),東莞市天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)主要特點是:年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總降水量1935.6毫(hao)米(mi),比常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)略偏(pian)(pian)多5.7%;年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)22.9℃,比常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)偏(pian)(pian)高(gao)(gao)0.3℃;年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時數1958.8小(xiao)(xiao)時,比常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)略偏(pian)(pian)多3.7%。基本氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)特征屬(shu)正常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)份(fen)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)內降水分布不均(jun)(jun)勻,偏(pian)(pian)多、偏(pian)(pian)少月份(fen)兩極化(hua)。3月30日(ri)(ri)開汛(xun),比常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)偏(pian)(pian)早(zao);汛(xun)期(qi)總降水量1460.6毫(hao)米(mi),比常年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)略偏(pian)(pian)少3.3%,其中前(qian)汛(xun)期(qi)偏(pian)(pian)多12.6%,后(hou)汛(xun)期(qi)偏(pian)(pian)少22.6%。各(ge)月氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)波動較大,夏秋氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)持續(xu)偏(pian)(pian)高(gao)(gao)。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(≥35℃)日(ri)(ri)數14天(tian),為近10年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來最(zui)多,低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(≤5℃)日(ri)(ri)數3天(tian)。(氣(qi)(qi)(qi)象局(ju))
東(dong)莞市內已(yi)知礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)有(you)Ⅶ類(lei)19種,礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)(chuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)66處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。其(qi)中,金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)Ⅲ類(lei)8種,礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)(chuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)34處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):黑色金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)10處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)9處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu),鈦鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),有(you)色金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)23處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(銅礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鉛鋅礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鎢(wu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、錫礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鈦礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),貴(gui)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)黃(huang)金(jin)(jin)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)化點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。非(fei)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)Ⅵ類(lei)11種32處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)輔助原料(liao)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)9處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(耐火黏土(tu)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、泥炭土(tu)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、石(shi)(shi)油1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),化工原料(liao)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)14處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(黃(huang)鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)6處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、重(zhong)晶石(shi)(shi)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鉀長石(shi)(shi)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、石(shi)(shi)鹽礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),建材非(fei)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(水泥灰巖2處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、水泥粘土(tu)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu))。主要分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在東(dong)莞中部、南部和東(dong)部的山地、丘陵地帶。礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)分(fen)(fen)散(san),無(wu)規律。
東莞市野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)繁多,主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)布(bu)于山區(qu)和丘陵(ling)(ling)地帶,體型較大(da)的野(ye)獸(shou)多棲息(xi)在東南山區(qu),一般獸(shou)類(lei)出(chu)沒(mei)于平川(chuan)、丘陵(ling)(ling)。主(zhu)要(yao)野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)有(you):哺乳類(lei)、鳥(niao)類(lei)、魚類(lei)(134種(zhong)(zhong))、甲殼類(lei)和多種(zhong)(zhong)貝(bei)類(lei)、兩棲、爬行類(lei)、昆蟲類(lei)等。主(zhu)要(yao)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有(you):維(wei)管束植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)1630種(zhong)(zhong),隸屬(shu)210科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),805屬(shu),其中(zhong)(zhong)蕨(jue)類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)125種(zhong)(zhong),37科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),66屬(shu);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong),5科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),5屬(shu);被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)1498種(zhong)(zhong),168科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),734屬(shu)(其中(zhong)(zhong)雙(shuang)子葉植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)143科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),556屬(shu),1135種(zhong)(zhong);單子葉植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)25科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),178屬(shu),363種(zhong)(zhong))。內陸水域中(zhong)(zhong)常見(jian)浮游生物(wu)8門110屬(shu)。
東莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)既有(you)濱海秀色、稻海蕉林、荔紅(hong)荷香、旗峰勝跡等自然風景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),又有(you)豐富的人文景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan),是(shi)廣(guang)東省歷史文化名城(cheng)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)近代史開(kai)篇地(di)(di)(di)、東江人民抗日(ri)根據地(di)(di)(di)、改革開(kai)放的先(xian)行地(di)(di)(di)。2004年(nian),東莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)評(ping)(ping)(ping)出新(xin)“八景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)”:“松(song)湖煙雨”(松(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)湖高新(xin)技術產業開(kai)發區)、“大(da)(da)(da)道朝暉”(東莞(guan)大(da)(da)(da)道)、“廣(guang)場挹萃”(市(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)心廣(guang)場)、“古塞飛虹”(虎門大(da)(da)(da)橋)、“虎英(ying)疊(die)翠”(虎英(ying)郊野(ye)公(gong)園(yuan)及御景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)灣周(zhou)邊景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan))、“板嶺凝芳”(綠色世(shi)界、水濂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)森林公(gong)園(yuan)及周(zhou)邊景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan))、“蓮峰賞鷺”(長安蓮花山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)風景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區)、“金(jin)沙漾月”(石龍(long)(long)金(jin)沙灣)。同(tong)年(nian)東莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)獲評(ping)(ping)(ping)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)優秀旅(lv)游城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”。2011年(nian)4月,又被亞太旅(lv)游聯(lian)合會(hui)(hui)、國(guo)(guo)際度假聯(lian)盟組織與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)華生態(tai)旅(lv)游促(cu)進會(hui)(hui)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人民對外友好(hao)協會(hui)(hui)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)際友好(hao)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)聯(lian)合會(hui)(hui)授予(yu)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)最具投資價值旅(lv)游城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”稱號(hao);同(tong)年(nian)11月,又獲評(ping)(ping)(ping)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)十大(da)(da)(da)特色休閑(xian)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”稱號(hao)。截至2014年(nian),東莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)境內有(you)鴉(ya)片戰爭(zheng)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(威遠炮(pao)臺、沙角炮(pao)臺、海戰博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館)、廣(guang)東觀(guan)(guan)(guan)音山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)國(guo)(guo)家森林公(gong)園(yuan)、松(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)湖景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區、新(xin)華南MALL·歡笑天(tian)地(di)(di)(di)、東莞(guan)市(shi)(shi)科(ke)學技術博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館、龍(long)(long)鳳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)莊影視旅(lv)游區、粵暉園(yuan)、香市(shi)(shi)動物(wu)(wu)園(yuan)等8個國(guo)(guo)家級AAAA旅(lv)游景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區,有(you)林則(ze)徐(xu)銷(xiao)煙池與(yu)虎門炮(pao)臺舊址、東莞(guan)可園(yuan)等全國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)點文物(wu)(wu)保護單位,有(you)鴉(ya)片戰爭(zheng)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館、可園(yuan)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館等愛國(guo)(guo)主義教育(yu)基地(di)(di)(di),有(you)村(cun)頭村(cun)遺址、金(jin)鰲洲塔等廣(guang)東省文物(wu)(wu)保護單位。
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