東莞市截至2012年5月1日(ri),東莞市(shi)轄32個(ge)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(街(jie)道(dao)(dao)),其中包括4個(ge)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)(莞城(cheng)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、南城(cheng)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、東城(cheng)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、萬江街(jie)道(dao)(dao));28個(ge)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(石龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石排(pai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、茶山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、企石鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橋頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、東坑(keng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫瀝(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、常平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),虎門鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、長安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、沙田鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、厚街(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),寮步鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大嶺山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大朗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、黃(huang)江鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),樟木(mu)頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、謝崗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、塘廈鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、清溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鳳崗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),麻涌鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中堂鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、高埗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石碣鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、望(wang)牛墩鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洪梅(mei)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、道(dao)(dao)滘鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen))。
東(dong)(dong)莞市位(wei)于(yu)廣東(dong)(dong)省中南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)部,珠(zhu)江(jiang)口東(dong)(dong)岸,東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)下游的珠(zhu)江(jiang)三(san)角(jiao)洲(zhou)。因地處廣州(zhou)之東(dong)(dong),境內盛(sheng)產莞草(cao)而得名(ming)。介(jie)于(yu)東(dong)(dong)經113°31′—114°15′,北(bei)緯(wei)22°39′—23°09′。最東(dong)(dong)是清溪鎮的銀瓶(ping)嘴山,與(yu)(yu)惠州(zhou)市惠陽區(qu)接壤;最北(bei)是中堂(tang)鎮大坦鄉(xiang),與(yu)(yu)廣州(zhou)市區(qu)和增城區(qu)、惠州(zhou)市博羅(luo)縣隔江(jiang)為鄰;最西(xi)(xi)是沙田鎮西(xi)(xi)大坦西(xi)(xi)北(bei)的獅子洋中心航線,與(yu)(yu)廣州(zhou)市番(fan)禺區(qu)隔海交(jiao)界;最南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)是鳳(feng)崗(gang)鎮雁田水庫,與(yu)(yu)深(shen)(shen)圳市寶安區(qu)相(xiang)連。毗鄰港(gang)(gang)澳(ao),處于(yu)廣州(zhou)至深(shen)(shen)圳經濟走廊中間。西(xi)(xi)北(bei)距(ju)廣州(zhou)59公(gong)里(li),東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)距(ju)深(shen)(shen)圳99公(gong)里(li),距(ju)香港(gang)(gang)140公(gong)里(li)。東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長70.45公(gong)里(li),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)寬46.8公(gong)里(li),全市陸(lu)地面(mian)積2460平方公(gong)里(li),海域(yu)面(mian)積97平方公(gong)里(li)。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質構造上位于(yu)北東(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)羅(luo)浮山(shan)(shan)斷裂(lie)帶(dai)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)邊緣的(de)北東(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)博羅(luo)大斷裂(lie)南(nan)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞斷凹盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)高(gao)、西(xi)北低。地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌以丘陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)、沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)為主,丘陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)44.5%,沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)43.3%,山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)6.2%。東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)多山(shan)(shan),尤以東(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)為最(zui),山(shan)(shan)體龐大,分(fen)割(ge)強烈,集中(zhong)成片,起伏較大,海(hai)拔(ba)多在200—600米,坡度(du)30°左(zuo)右,銀瓶嘴山(shan)(shan)主峰(feng)高(gao)898.2米,是(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)最(zui)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)峰(feng);中(zhong)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)低山(shan)(shan)丘陵成片,為丘陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)區;東(dong)(dong)(dong)北部(bu)(bu)接近東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)河(he)(he)濱(bin),崗地(di)(di)(di)(di)發育(yu),陸地(di)(di)(di)(di)和河(he)(he)谷(gu)平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)分(fen)布其中(zhong),海(hai)拔(ba)30—80米之(zhi)間,坡度(du)小(xiao),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)起伏和緩,為易于(yu)積(ji)水(shui)的(de)埔田區;西(xi)北部(bu)(bu)是(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)沖(chong)積(ji)而成的(de)三角洲(zhou)平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan),是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)低平(ping)、水(shui)網縱橫的(de)圍田區;西(xi)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)是(shi)瀕(bin)臨珠江(jiang)口(kou)的(de)江(jiang)河(he)(he)沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦而低陷(xian),是(shi)受潮汐影響(xiang)較大的(de)沙(sha)咸田地(di)(di)(di)(di)區。東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)握東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)和廣(guang)州水(shui)道(dao)出(chu)海(hai)之(zhi)咽喉(hou),有(you)海(hai)岸線115.94公里(含內航道(dao)),主航道(dao)岸線53公里,擁有(you)深水(shui)良港(gang)——虎門港(gang)。
東(dong)(dong)莞市(shi)(shi)主要河(he)流(liu)有東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)、石(shi)馬河(he)、寒(han)溪(xi)水(shui)。境(jing)(jing)內96%屬東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)流(liu)域,東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)干流(liu)自東(dong)(dong)北角惠(hui)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)博羅縣、惠(hui)陽區(qu)(qu)之間入(ru)境(jing)(jing)后,沿北部(bu)(bu)邊境(jing)(jing)自東(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西行至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橋(qiao)頭新開(kai)河(he)口(kou);有發源于深圳市(shi)(shi)寶安(an)區(qu)(qu)的石(shi)馬河(he)流(liu)入(ru),至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)企石(shi)有企石(shi)河(he)流(liu)入(ru)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)龍分出南支流(liu)后,北干流(liu)續流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)灘,與來自廣州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)增城區(qu)(qu)的支流(liu)匯流(liu),經市(shi)(shi)境(jing)(jing)的大盛注(zhu)入(ru)獅子(zi)洋;南支流(liu)斜向(xiang)西南流(liu)經石(shi)碣、萬江(jiang),在(zai)峽口(kou)接納來自市(shi)(shi)境(jing)(jing)中部(bu)(bu)的寒(han)溪(xi)水(shui),峽口(kou)以下有3支較小(xiao)的支流(liu)牛(niu)山水(shui)、蛤地水(shui)和小(xiao)沙河(he),自東(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西匯入(ru),續流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泗盛注(zhu)入(ru)獅子(zi)洋。北干流(liu)與南支流(liu)之間為東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)三角洲的河(he)網區(qu)(qu)。
東莞市(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)面(mian)積為(wei)97平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li),主要分布在(zai)獅子洋和伶(ling)仃(ding)(ding)洋。大陸(lu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)線(xian)長(chang)97.2公(gong)(gong)里(li),屬南亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)淺海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區,擁有(you)(you)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)線(xian)的有(you)(you)長(chang)安、虎門(men)、沙(sha)(sha)田、厚街(jie)、麻(ma)涌(yong)(yong)、洪(hong)梅和道滘等(deng)7個鎮(zhen)。全市(shi)擁有(you)(you)威遠(yuan)(yuan)島(dao)(dao)(dao)、泥洲島(dao)(dao)(dao)、木(mu)棉(mian)山島(dao)(dao)(dao)、涌(yong)(yong)口沙(sha)(sha)、蝦(xia)繒排(pai)5個海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)(dao)(dao),海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)(dao)(dao)岸(an)(an)線(xian)長(chang)34.58公(gong)(gong)里(li),海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)島(dao)(dao)(dao)面(mian)積24.13平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里(li)。沿海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)灘涂負1米以(yi)內潮(chao)間帶(dai)(dai)2057公(gong)(gong)頃,負3.5米以(yi)內潮(chao)間帶(dai)(dai)3697公(gong)(gong)頃。東莞海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)有(you)(you)魚類(lei)約(yue)90多種(zhong)(zhong),貝類(lei)18種(zhong)(zhong),甲殼類(lei)21種(zhong)(zhong)。浮游植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)硅藻(zao)(zao)(zao)、甲藻(zao)(zao)(zao)、藍藻(zao)(zao)(zao)等(deng)3門(men),共247種(zhong)(zhong),其中硅藻(zao)(zao)(zao)占優勢(shi)。平(ping)(ping)均(jun)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數8.32萬個/升(sheng)、生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)0.17毫克(ke)/升(sheng)。浮游動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)10個種(zhong)(zhong)群29屬約(yue)63種(zhong)(zhong),生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)變幅在(zai)0.20—0.24毫克(ke)/升(sheng)間,平(ping)(ping)均(jun)0.22毫克(ke)/升(sheng)。海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)潮(chao)間帶(dai)(dai)底棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)環(huan)節動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、軟體動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、甲殼動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和魚類(lei)等(deng)四(si)大類(lei)32種(zhong)(zhong)。東莞市(shi)港口資源豐富,獅子洋、伶(ling)仃(ding)(ding)洋的深(shen)(shen)槽緊靠(kao)東莞市(shi)的海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)岸(an)(an)線(xian),麻(ma)涌(yong)(yong)鎮(zhen)的新沙(sha)(sha),沙(sha)(sha)田鎮(zhen)的立沙(sha)(sha)、泥洲島(dao)(dao)(dao)、西大坦(tan),虎門(men)鎮(zhen)的威遠(yuan)(yuan)島(dao)(dao)(dao)、沙(sha)(sha)角等(deng)擁有(you)(you)深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)岸(an)(an)線(xian)和深(shen)(shen)槽通過的海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu),是建設深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)港區的優良(liang)港址,而(er)且深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)岸(an)(an)線(xian)內側的陸(lu)域(yu)土地多平(ping)(ping)坦(tan)寬廣(guang),又處在(zai)東江入海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)河口區,淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源條件好,陸(lu)域(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、土資源組(zu)合優勢(shi)明顯(xian)。截至2014年,海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋環(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)總體保(bao)持穩定(ding),局部(bu)有(you)(you)所改善,全海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)依然劣(lie)于(yu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)四(si)類(lei)標準,屬于(yu)嚴重污(wu)染海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)。(市(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋與漁業局)
東(dong)莞市(shi)在歷(li)史(shi)上是(shi)森林(lin)(lin)茂密(mi)的(de)地(di)區(qu),地(di)帶(dai)性森林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類(lei)(lei)型為(wei)南(nan)亞季風常(chang)(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin),組成種類(lei)(lei)多(duo)(duo)樣而(er)(er)富(fu)于熱帶(dai)性,由于人口激增,歷(li)代砍(kan)伐,使原生(sheng)性森林(lin)(lin)大(da)幅減少(shao),主要由殼(ke)斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)、樟(zhang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)、大(da)戟(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、桃金娘(niang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜英(ying)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)、梧桐科(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)種類(lei)(lei)組成,其(qi)(qi)中大(da)多(duo)(duo)數是(shi)熱帶(dai)亞熱帶(dai)分(fen)布種,較常(chang)(chang)見(jian)(jian)的(de)有(you)樟(zhang)樹(shu)、陰香、鐵冬青(qing)、華潤(run)楠、浙江潤(run)楠、假柿樹(shu)、銀柴、土(tu)蜜樹(shu)、鴨腳木、蒲桃等(deng)。隨著(zhu)東(dong)莞市(shi)實(shi)施林(lin)(lin)業生(sheng)態工程,森林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)恢復成效顯著(zhu),據調查野生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)1630種,野生(sheng)珍稀植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)115種,生(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣性位居全(quan)省前列。東(dong)莞市(shi)主要植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)分(fen)為(wei):針(zhen)闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林(lin)(lin),林(lin)(lin)下(xia)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)主要有(you)野漆、橢圓葉(xie)豺(chai)皮樟(zhang)、三椏(ya)苦、山(shan)烏(wu)桕、鬼燈籠(long)和烏(wu)毛蕨、芒箕等(deng);典型常(chang)(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin),常(chang)(chang)見(jian)(jian)種類(lei)(lei)紅花荷、蕈樹(shu)、黃樟(zhang)、黃杞、青(qing)岡櫟、網脈山(shan)龍眼等(deng);季風常(chang)(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin),常(chang)(chang)見(jian)(jian)種類(lei)(lei)鴨腳木、烏(wu)欖、樟(zhang)樹(shu)等(deng);常(chang)(chang)綠灌叢(cong),常(chang)(chang)見(jian)(jian)種類(lei)(lei)鴨腳木、銀柴、鼠刺、豺(chai)皮樟(zhang)、九節、梅葉(xie)冬青(qing)、桃金娘(niang)等(deng)。其(qi)(qi)中山(shan)地(di)、丘陵及未經(jing)開墾的(de)崗地(di)現狀(zhuang)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)以(yi)人工林(lin)(lin)和次生(sheng)林(lin)(lin)群落占優勢(shi),林(lin)(lin)下(xia)以(yi)灌木、蕨類(lei)(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)或(huo)草(cao)本為(wei)主,溝谷等(deng)較為(wei)陰濕的(de)山(shan)地(di)多(duo)(duo)見(jian)(jian)攀纏植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)。現狀(zhuang)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)反映出(chu)由熱帶(dai)向亞熱帶(dai)過渡而(er)(er)熱帶(dai)性較強的(de)特征,與南(nan)亞熱帶(dai)氣(qi)候特點相適應(ying)。(林(lin)(lin)業局)
東莞(guan)市屬于亞熱帶季風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou),長夏無冬,光照(zhao)充足,熱量(liang)豐富,氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)暖,溫(wen)度變(bian)幅小,雨量(liang)充沛,干濕季明顯。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian),東莞(guan)市天氣(qi)(qi)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)主(zhu)要特(te)點是:年(nian)(nian)(nian)總(zong)降水量(liang)1935.6毫(hao)米(mi),比(bi)(bi)常(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)略偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多5.7%;年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)22.9℃,比(bi)(bi)常(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)高0.3℃;年(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數(shu)1958.8小時,比(bi)(bi)常(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)略偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多3.7%。基(ji)本氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)特(te)征屬正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)份。年(nian)(nian)(nian)內降水分布不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻,偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多、偏(pian)(pian)(pian)少(shao)月(yue)份兩極化。3月(yue)30日(ri)開(kai)汛,比(bi)(bi)常(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)早;汛期總(zong)降水量(liang)1460.6毫(hao)米(mi),比(bi)(bi)常(chang)(chang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)(zhi)略偏(pian)(pian)(pian)少(shao)3.3%,其中前汛期偏(pian)(pian)(pian)多12.6%,后汛期偏(pian)(pian)(pian)少(shao)22.6%。各月(yue)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)波(bo)動較大,夏秋氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)持(chi)續偏(pian)(pian)(pian)高。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)高溫(wen)(≥35℃)日(ri)數(shu)14天,為(wei)近10年(nian)(nian)(nian)來最多,低溫(wen)(≤5℃)日(ri)數(shu)3天。(氣(qi)(qi)象局)
東(dong)莞市內已知礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產有(you)Ⅶ類(lei)19種,礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床點(dian)(dian)(dian)66處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。其中,金(jin)(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產Ⅲ類(lei)8種,礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床點(dian)(dian)(dian)34處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):黑色(se)(se)金(jin)(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產10處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)9處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu),鈦(tai)(tai)鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產23處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(銅礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鉛鋅礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鎢礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)10處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、錫礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鈦(tai)(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),貴金(jin)(jin)屬黃金(jin)(jin)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)化點(dian)(dian)(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。非金(jin)(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產Ⅵ類(lei)11種32處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):冶金(jin)(jin)輔助(zhu)原料礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產9處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(耐火黏土4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、泥炭土4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、石油1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),化工原料礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產14處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(黃鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)6處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、重晶石礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)3處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、鉀長(chang)石礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)4處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、石鹽礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)),建材非金(jin)(jin)屬礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)3處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(水泥灰巖(yan)2處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、水泥粘土1處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu))。主要(yao)分布(bu)在東(dong)莞中部(bu)、南部(bu)和東(dong)部(bu)的山地、丘陵地帶。礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)產分布(bu)分散,無(wu)規律。
東莞市野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)繁(fan)多(duo)(duo)(duo),主(zhu)要分布于山區和丘(qiu)陵(ling)地帶,體(ti)型(xing)較大(da)的野(ye)獸多(duo)(duo)(duo)棲息在東南山區,一般(ban)獸類(lei)(lei)(lei)出沒于平川、丘(qiu)陵(ling)。主(zhu)要野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you):哺乳類(lei)(lei)(lei)、鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)、魚類(lei)(lei)(lei)(134種(zhong))、甲殼類(lei)(lei)(lei)和多(duo)(duo)(duo)種(zhong)貝類(lei)(lei)(lei)、兩(liang)棲、爬行類(lei)(lei)(lei)、昆蟲類(lei)(lei)(lei)等。主(zhu)要野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you):維管束植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1630種(zhong),隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)210科(ke)(ke),805屬(shu)(shu)(shu),其(qi)中(zhong)蕨類(lei)(lei)(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)125種(zhong),37科(ke)(ke),66屬(shu)(shu)(shu);裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong),5科(ke)(ke),5屬(shu)(shu)(shu);被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1498種(zhong),168科(ke)(ke),734屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(其(qi)中(zhong)雙子(zi)葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)143科(ke)(ke),556屬(shu)(shu)(shu),1135種(zhong);單子(zi)葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)25科(ke)(ke),178屬(shu)(shu)(shu),363種(zhong))。內陸(lu)水域中(zhong)常見浮游(you)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8門110屬(shu)(shu)(shu)。
東(dong)莞(guan)市既有(you)(you)濱海秀色(se)、稻海蕉林、荔紅荷香、旗(qi)峰(feng)(feng)勝跡等(deng)(deng)自然風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing),又(you)有(you)(you)豐富的(de)人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀,是廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)省歷史文(wen)化名城(cheng)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)近代史開篇地(di)(di)、東(dong)江(jiang)人(ren)民抗(kang)日根據地(di)(di)、改革開放的(de)先行地(di)(di)。2004年(nian),東(dong)莞(guan)市評(ping)出新“八景(jing)(jing)(jing)”:“松(song)湖(hu)煙雨”(松(song)山(shan)湖(hu)高(gao)新技術(shu)產業開發區(qu)(qu))、“大(da)道朝暉”(東(dong)莞(guan)大(da)道)、“廣(guang)(guang)場挹萃”(市中(zhong)心廣(guang)(guang)場)、“古塞飛虹”(虎門大(da)橋)、“虎英疊翠”(虎英郊野公(gong)園(yuan)及御景(jing)(jing)(jing)灣周邊景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀)、“板嶺凝芳”(綠色(se)世界、水濂山(shan)森林公(gong)園(yuan)及周邊景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀)、“蓮(lian)(lian)峰(feng)(feng)賞鷺”(長安蓮(lian)(lian)花山(shan)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu))、“金(jin)沙(sha)漾月”(石(shi)龍金(jin)沙(sha)灣)。同年(nian)東(dong)莞(guan)市獲(huo)(huo)評(ping)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)優秀旅(lv)游城(cheng)市”。2011年(nian)4月,又(you)被亞太旅(lv)游聯(lian)合會(hui)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)際度假聯(lian)盟組織與中(zhong)華生態(tai)旅(lv)游促進(jin)會(hui)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)民對外友(you)好(hao)協會(hui)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際友(you)好(hao)城(cheng)市聯(lian)合會(hui)授予“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)最具投資價值旅(lv)游城(cheng)市”稱(cheng)號(hao);同年(nian)11月,又(you)獲(huo)(huo)評(ping)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)十大(da)特色(se)休(xiu)閑城(cheng)市”稱(cheng)號(hao)。截至2014年(nian),東(dong)莞(guan)市境內有(you)(you)鴉(ya)片(pian)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭博物館(威遠炮臺(tai)(tai)、沙(sha)角(jiao)炮臺(tai)(tai)、海戰(zhan)(zhan)博物館)、廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)觀音山(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家森林公(gong)園(yuan)、松(song)山(shan)湖(hu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、新華南MALL·歡笑(xiao)天地(di)(di)、東(dong)莞(guan)市科學技術(shu)博物館、龍鳳山(shan)莊影視(shi)旅(lv)游區(qu)(qu)、粵暉園(yuan)、香市動物園(yuan)等(deng)(deng)8個(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級(ji)AAAA旅(lv)游景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu),有(you)(you)林則(ze)徐銷煙池(chi)與虎門炮臺(tai)(tai)舊址、東(dong)莞(guan)可園(yuan)等(deng)(deng)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)重點文(wen)物保護單位(wei),有(you)(you)鴉(ya)片(pian)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭博物館、可園(yuan)博物館等(deng)(deng)愛國(guo)(guo)(guo)主義教育基地(di)(di),有(you)(you)村(cun)頭村(cun)遺址、金(jin)鰲洲塔(ta)等(deng)(deng)廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)省文(wen)物保護單位(wei)。
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