一、線性電源和開關電源的區別
1、線性電源和開關電源原理上的區別
線性電(dian)源(Linear power supply)是先將交流電(dian)經過變(bian)壓器降(jiang)低電壓幅(fu)值(zhi),再經過整流電路整流后(hou),得到脈沖(chong)直流電(dian)(dian),后經(jing)濾(lv)波得到帶有微小波紋電(dian)(dian)壓的直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)壓。要達到高精度的直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)壓,必須經過(guo)穩壓電(dian)路(lu)進行穩壓。
開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)工作壓力是(shi)輸入端直接將整流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變成交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),再在高頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路震蕩的(de)作用(yong)下(xia),用(yong)開關(guan)管制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)通斷(duan),形成高頻脈沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)幫助下(xia),輸出穩定的(de)低壓直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
2、開關電源和線性電源應用上的區別
線(xian)性電(dian)源(yuan):功(gong)率器件(jian)工(gong)作(zuo)在(zai)線(xian)性狀態,也就(jiu)是說它一(yi)用起來功(gong)率器件(jian)就(jiu)是一(yi)直在(zai)工(gong)作(zuo),所以也就(jiu)導致其(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)效(xiao)率低,一(yi)般在(zai)50%~60%。線(xian)性電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)方式,使它從高(gao)壓(ya)變低壓(ya)必須有(you)將壓(ya)裝置(zhi),一(yi)般的(de)都(dou)是變壓(ya)器,也有(you)別的(de)像(xiang)KX電(dian)源(yuan),再經過(guo)整流(liu)輸出直流(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)。
開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan):它的功(gong)率(lv)(lv)器件工作在(zai)(zai)開(kai)關(guan)狀態,(一(yi)開(kai)一(yi)關(guan),一(yi)開(kai)一(yi)關(guan),頻率(lv)(lv)非常快,一(yi)般的平板開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)頻率(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)100~200KHz,模塊電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)300~500KHZ)、這(zhe)樣損耗小,效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)高,效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)80%~90%、、開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)高體積小,但是和線性電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)比其紋波,電(dian)壓電(dian)流調整率(lv)(lv)就有折扣了?。
二、開關電源的優缺點
優點:體積小、重量(liang)輕(體積和重量(liang)只有線性(xing)電源(yuan)(yuan)的20~30%)、效率高(一般為60~70%,而線性(xing)電源(yuan)(yuan)只有30~40%)、自身抗干(gan)擾性(xing)強、輸(shu)出電壓范圍寬、模塊(kuai)化。
缺點:對周圍設備有(you)一定的干(gan)擾(rao)。
三、線性電源的優缺點
優點;結構相對簡單,輸出波紋(wen)小(xiao),高頻干(gan)擾小(xiao)。維修方(fang)便(bian)
缺點:需要龐大(da)而笨重的(de)(de)變壓器,調整管的(de)(de)功耗大(da),轉(zhuan)換效率低。