【中央空調(diao)制冷系(xi)統(tong)】制冷系(xi)統(tong)的四大部件是什么(me) 制冷系(xi)統(tong)工作(zuo)原理
制冷系統的四大部件是什么
中央空調制冷(leng)系統由制冷(leng)劑和四大機(ji)件,即壓縮機(ji),冷(leng)凝器,膨脹閥,蒸(zheng)發器組成。
在制冷系統中,壓縮(suo)機是心臟,起(qi)著吸入、壓縮(suo)、輸送制冷劑蒸汽的作用。
冷凝器是放出熱量的設備,將蒸(zheng)發器中吸收的熱量連同壓縮機功所轉化的熱量一起(qi)傳遞給冷卻介質帶走。
膨脹閥又叫節(jie)流閥,膨脹閥對制冷(leng)劑(ji)起節(jie)流降壓(ya)作用、同時控制和調節(jie)流入蒸發器中制冷(leng)劑(ji)液體(ti)的(de)數量,并將系統分為高壓(ya)側和低壓(ya)側兩(liang)大(da)部(bu)分。
蒸發(fa)器也是一個(ge)熱交(jiao)換(huan)設備。節流后的低溫低壓(ya)制冷劑(ji)液體在其內蒸發(fa)(沸騰)變為蒸氣(qi),吸收被(bei)冷卻物質(zhi)的熱量,使物質(zhi)溫度下降,達(da)到冷凍、冷藏食品(pin)的目(mu)的。
制冷系統工作原理
用管道依次將這些設備連接,形成一個封閉式系統。中央空調的(de)系(xi)統工作(zuo)時,壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)(ji)將(jiang)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)器(qi)所(suo)產生的(de)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)吸(xi)(xi)入汽缸(gang)內(nei),經壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮,壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力升高(溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度也升高)到(dao)(dao)稍大于(yu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)器(qi)內(nei)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力時,將(jiang)其汽缸(gang)內(nei)的(de)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)排到(dao)(dao)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)器(qi)中。(所(suo)以壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)(ji)起著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮與(yu)輸(shu)送(song)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑作(zuo)用)在(zai)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)內(nei)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度較低(di)的(de)空氣(qi)(或常溫(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui))進行熱(re)交換而冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)為液(ye)態制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑,這時液(ye)態制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑經過(guo)膨(peng)脹閥(fa)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(降壓(ya)(ya)(ya))后入蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)器(qi),在(zai)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)器(qi)內(nei)吸(xi)(xi)收被(bei)(bei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻物體(ti)(ti)的(de)熱(re)量后在(zai)汽化。這樣被(bei)(bei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻物體(ti)(ti)便得到(dao)(dao)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻而制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑蒸(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)又被(bei)(bei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)(ji)吸(xi)(xi)走,因此在(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統中經過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)、膨(peng)脹、蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)四個過(guo)程(cheng)完成一(yi)個循環。