低壓電器有哪些分類方法

1、按用(yong)途和(he)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)對象不同，可將低(di)(di)壓電器(qi)分(fen)為(wei)配電電器(qi)和(he)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電器(qi)。用(yong)于電能的輸(shu)送和(he)分(fen)配的電器(qi)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)低(di)(di)壓配電電器(qi)，這(zhe)類(lei)電器(qi)包括(kuo)刀開關、轉(zhuan)換(huan)開關、空氣斷路器(qi)和(he)熔斷器(qi)等。用(yong)于各種控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電路和(he)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統的電器(qi)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電器(qi)，這(zhe)類(lei)電器(qi)包括(kuo)接觸器(qi)、起(qi)動器(qi)和(he)各種控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)繼電器(qi)等。

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2、按操作方式不同，可將低壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)分為自(zi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)手(shou)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)本身參數變化(hua)或外來信號（如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、磁、光、熱等）自(zi)動(dong)完成接(jie)通(tong)、分斷(duan)、起動(dong)、反向(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)停止(zhi)等動(dong)作的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)稱(cheng)為自(zi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，常用的(de)自(zi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有(you)接(jie)觸器(qi)、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)等。通(tong)過人力直接(jie)操作來完成接(jie)通(tong)、分斷(duan)、起動(dong)、反向(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)停止(zhi)等動(dong)作的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)稱(cheng)為手(shou)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。常用的(de)手(shou)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有(you)刀開關、轉換(huan)開關和(he)(he)(he)主(zhu)令電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)等。

3、按工(gong)作原理，低(di)壓電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)分為(wei)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和非(fei)電(dian)(dian)量控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)依據電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應原理來工(gong)作的電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，如接觸器(qi)(qi)(qi)、各類電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)式(shi)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)。非(fei)電(dian)(dian)量控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的工(gong)作是(shi)靠外力或某種非(fei)電(dian)(dian)量的變化而動作的電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，如行程開關、速(su)度繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)。

常見低壓電器是怎么工作的

1、刀開關

刀(dao)開關(guan)又稱為閘(zha)刀(dao)開關(guan)或(huo)隔(ge)離(li)開關(guan)，它是通(tong)(tong)過底座上的靜觸(chu)頭與(yu)刀(dao)夾座相楔合（或(huo)分(fen)(fen)離(li)），來控制電(dian)(dian)路接通(tong)(tong)（或(huo)分(fen)(fen)斷）的低(di)壓電(dian)(dian)器設(she)備。

2、熔斷器

熔斷器也(ye)被稱為保(bao)險絲，IEC127標準將它定義為“熔斷體(ti)（fuse-link）”。熔斷器的工作(zuo)原理(li)很簡單，當過載或短路電(dian)流通過熔斷器時，電(dian)流產生的熱(re)量會使熔斷器中的熔體(ti)熔斷，從而保(bao)護電(dian)路不被損壞。

3、低壓斷路器

低壓(ya)斷路器曾被稱為自動(dong)(dong)(dong)開關(guan)，其工作(zuo)(zuo)原理與熔斷器差不多，但功能(neng)要多一點，它是一種既有手動(dong)(dong)(dong)開關(guan)作(zuo)(zuo)用，又能(neng)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)進行失壓(ya)、欠壓(ya)、過(guo)載、和短路保護的電器。

4、接觸器

接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)主要利用(yong)了電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應原(yuan)理，當接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)線(xian)圈通電(dian)(dian)后，線(xian)圈電(dian)(dian)流會產生(sheng)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)，產生(sheng)的磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)使靜鐵芯(xin)產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)吸力(li)吸引動(dong)鐵芯(xin)，并帶動(dong)交流接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)點動(dong)作，常(chang)閉觸(chu)點斷開(kai)，常(chang)開(kai)觸(chu)點閉合。當線(xian)圈斷電(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)吸力(li)消(xiao)失，銜鐵在釋(shi)放(fang)彈簧的作用(yong)下釋(shi)放(fang)，使觸(chu)點復(fu)原(yuan)，常(chang)開(kai)觸(chu)點斷開(kai)，常(chang)閉觸(chu)點閉合。

5、繼電器

繼電(dian)器(qi)有很多種類，不同(tong)類型(xing)的(de)繼電(dian)器(qi)，工作原理(li)略有不同(tong)，但它(ta)們的(de)基(ji)本原理(li)是(shi)相似的(de)，都(dou)利(li)用了電(dian)磁效(xiao)應來(lai)控(kong)制機械觸點(dian)，來(lai)而達到通斷(duan)目的(de)。